WO1995023293A1 - Direct drive valve - Google Patents

Direct drive valve Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995023293A1
WO1995023293A1 PCT/FR1995/000216 FR9500216W WO9523293A1 WO 1995023293 A1 WO1995023293 A1 WO 1995023293A1 FR 9500216 W FR9500216 W FR 9500216W WO 9523293 A1 WO9523293 A1 WO 9523293A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drawer
axis
motor
arm
exhaust
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1995/000216
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Dore
François Edwige
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot
Automobile Citroen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot, Automobile Citroen filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot
Priority to EP95910591A priority Critical patent/EP0695398A1/en
Priority to JP52217695A priority patent/JPH08509538A/en
Priority to US08/978,880 priority patent/US6334462B1/en
Publication of WO1995023293A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995023293A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F15B13/0402—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/044—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by electrically-controlled means, e.g. solenoids, torque-motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F15B2013/0412—Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor with three positions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/86622—Motor-operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanical control energy transmission device, in particular for applications in the automotive field such as controlling the braking pressure in a brake or the rapid correction of a hydropneumatic suspension.
  • hydraulic systems such as hydraulic servo-valves seem to be the best suited to be embedded in vehicles or other mobile equipment because they are inexpensive and can be easily adapted and quickly to the requirements of new technical or economic conditions.
  • a hydraulic servo valve can be defined as the interface between an electrical or electronic device providing a control signal, and a hydraulic device that must provide a response depending on the electrical signal.
  • pressure control in a brake control for example,
  • the servo valve must have a high bandwidth so as to allow a quick and stable response from servo, regardless of the hydraulic flow requested.
  • the servo valve must be compatible with the automotive environment by:
  • a servo valve meeting all these characteristics consisting of a rotary actuator such as a rotary electric motor of low inertia, controlled in position and connected by mechanical connection means to a mechanical member such as a hydraulic distributor with drawer linear, the motor being equipped with a return spring in its initial position.
  • Such a device is well suited to be carried on a vehicle because the rotary electric motor is insensitive to vibrations and accelerations which have no effect on its angular position, which is not the case for a linear motor whose metallic mass can be displaced by inertia effect.
  • the hydraulic distributor with linear drawer it is already widely used in the automotive industry because it is inexpensive, not very sensitive to impurities and the very low mass of the drawer itself means that accelerations along its axis only create very low forces.
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a mechanical control energy transmission device, comprising an actuator or rotary motor and connecting means connecting this actuator to a mechanical member such as a hydraulic slide to transmit a linear movement to the latter, characterized in that it comprises means for taking up play and returning the mechanical member to a predetermined safety position.
  • the drawer being able to establish or prevent communications between at least one use and either a high pressure source or an exhaust
  • the predetermined safety position is a position in which communication is established between said use on the one hand and the high pressure source or exhaust on the other hand;
  • the play take-up and return means of the mechanical member act directly on the drawer;
  • the play take-up and return means of the mechanical member comprise a spring or the like acting on one end of the drawer;
  • the axis of rotation of the motor is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer;
  • the connecting means comprise a lever secured to the rotor of the motor and an arm of which, located at a certain distance from the axis of rotation of the latter, acts on a part secured to the drawer;
  • the lever comprises a first arm extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor and one end of which is fixed to the rotor at this axis, and a second arm, constituting the aforementioned arm, extending perpendicular to the first;
  • - Said arm is connected to the drawer by a connecting rod whose two ends are articulated respectively on the arm and the drawer by means of ball joints;
  • the engine is approximately in the middle of its stroke, .
  • the lever is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer,
  • the axis of the drawer coincides with the axis of the arm or of the ball joint of the lever;
  • the connecting means comprise at least one roller integral with the drawer and with an axis perpendicular thereto, sliding in a helical ramp formed in the wall of a cylindrical part driven by the motor in rotation about its own axis, which is parallel, and preferably collinear, to that of the motor, and means for holding the axis of said roller in translation in a direction parallel to the axis of the slide;
  • Said means for holding in translation comprise at least one guide roller of the same axis as the first and also integral with the drawer, this guide roller being able to roll in a groove parallel to the axis of the drawer formed in a fixed part;
  • connection means include:
  • a first plate arranged perpendicular to the axis of the engine and driven in rotation by the latter;
  • a first branch the ends of which are articulated on each of the two plates; and a second branch making a non-zero angle with the first and acting on one end of the drawer;
  • the drawer comprising a rod provided with blocks sliding in a bore formed in a jacket and capable of releasing or sealing radial holes communicating with said use, the high pressure source and the exhaust, the holes have a circular section;
  • the drawer comprising a rod provided with sliding blocks in a bore formed in a jacket and capable of releasing or closing radial holes communicating with said use, the high pressure source and the exhaust, at least one of the holes has a non-circular section and adapted so that it increases progressively and regularly as it is released by the corresponding block when the drawer is moved;
  • - Said hole has a circular section or the like on one side and ends in a point on the opposite side.
  • the hole (s) opens (s) into an annular groove formed outside the jacket of the drawer and / or into an annular groove formed on the wall of the bore;
  • the bore has two holes each communicating with a use, two holes communicating with
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a device according to the invention, the motor axis being perpendicular to that of the drawer;
  • FIG. 2 is a section along the line II-II of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2;
  • FIGS. 4a to 4d are schematic sectional views on an enlarged scale illustrating several possible embodiments of the hydraulic slide
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the connection between the motor and the drawer using ball joints
  • Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 with partial cutaway showing the ball joints
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional and perspective view of an embodiment in which the axis of the motor is collinear to that of the drawer;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view in elevation of the device of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view in perspective of another embodiment, still with the axis of the motor collinear with that of the drawer;
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view in elevation of the device of Figure 9;
  • FIG. 11a to 11d are schematic sectional views on an enlarged scale of various forms of the dispenser having or not annular grooves and with different sections of holes; and
  • FIG. 12 is a graph giving the flow rate as a function of the stroke of the slide for various embodiments illustrated in Figures 11a to 11d.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention comprising a rotary electric motor 1 mounted in a casing 2, part of which is cut away in the drawing.
  • the rotation of the motor drives a lever 3, which will be described in more detail later, which ends in an arm 4, the end of which 4a is received in a yoke-shaped part 5 provided at one end of the drawer 6 of the distributor 7.
  • Reference 8 designates the housing thereof in which are drilled holes 9 for communication with various elements of the hydraulic circuit such as high pressure source, exhaust, various uses.
  • the axis of the arm 4 is parallel to the axis of rotation of the motor, these two axes being perpendicular to that of the slide.
  • FIG. 2 shows more precisely the shape of the yoke 5 and of the drawer 6, which essentially consists of a rod 10 provided with two blocks PI and P2 sliding in a bore 11 of a jacket 12, it - even mounted in the housing 8.
  • a return spring R interposed between a part such as a plug 13 secured to the housing 8 and the end of the drawer opposite the yoke 5, ensures, in accordance with the main characteristic of the object device of the invention, the take-up of the games of the connection and the return of the drawer to a predetermined position in the event of the connection being broken.
  • the arm 4 is linked to the motor rotor by the lever 3 so that a low amplitude oscillation of the rotor around the axis A causes movement of the arm 4 in an arc of circle centered on A and tangent to the axis of the drawer: this has the effect of moving the drawer linearly along its axis because it is guided in translation by the bore 11.
  • the end 4a of the arm 4 in contact with the yoke is in the shape of a barrel, the axis of the barrel being coincident with that of the arm 4, as can be seen in FIG. 3: this allows a little freedom so compensate for possible misalignments, while minimizing contact pressures between the two parts.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4d illustrate various possible embodiments for the drawer 6.
  • FIG. 4a which is the simplest, corresponds to FIG. 2 and we find the rod 10 provided with the blocks PI and P2 sliding in the bore 11 of the jacket 12.
  • the latter is pierced with three orifices 9 ensuring communication respectively with a high pressure source, an exhaust and a use; these three communications are symbolized by the letters H, E and U respectively and the latter opens into the bore 11 halfway between H and E.
  • the holes drilled in the jacket are in alignment with those drilled in the housing and c ' is why they carry the same reference.
  • Figures 4c and 4d correspond to an embodiment in which there are two uses Ul and U2.
  • the high pressure H opens out in the middle between Ul and U2 while the exhaust E communicates with the bore 11 through two orifices located beyond Ul and U2.
  • FIGS. 4c and 4d shows that, if Ul is at the exhaust, U2 communicates with the high pressure and vice versa.
  • FIG. 5 The perspective view of FIG. 5, deliberately very simplified, only shows the front face of the motor 1, the slide 6 and their connection.
  • the lever 3 which consists of a first arm 13, extending perpendicular to the axis of the motor and one end of which is fixed to the latter, and of a second arm 4 fixed to the other end of the first and extending perpendicular to this first arm 13.
  • a connecting rod 14 provides the connection between the lever 3 and the drawer 6 by means of ball joints visible in the view with the cutaway in FIG. 6.
  • the end 4a of the arm 4 and the end 6a of the drawer are constituted by form of ball joints received in corresponding housings of the aforementioned connecting rod 14.
  • the assembly is carried out so that in the central position of the drawer , that is to say with an equal overlap for the intake and 1 • exhaust:
  • the lever 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer; - the axis of the drawer is concurrent with the axis of the arm 4 or of the ball joint 4a of the lever.
  • the lever 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer
  • the arm 13 of this lever or the plane containing the two arms 13 and 4) which is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer.
  • the axis of the ball it is the axis of its tail which, in the case of Figure 6, is constituted by the arm 4 itself.
  • the relationship between the angle of rotation of the motor and the stroke of the slide is determined by the configuration and dimensions of the lever.
  • Figures 7 and 8 on the one hand, 9 and 10 on the other hand, illustrate two constructions in which the axis of the motor is collinear with that of the drawer.
  • connection is essentially constituted by a cylindrical part 15 with an axis coincident with that of the motor and driven directly by the latter.
  • the part 15 has a helical groove 16 in which a roller 17 can move, mounted at one end of a shaft 18 provided at one end of the drawer 6 and extending perpendicularly to the latter, the axis of rotation of the roller being confused with that of tree 18.
  • Two guide rollers 19 are mounted on the shaft 18 on either side of the drawer 6 with the same orientation as the roller 17 and can slide in grooves 20 parallel to the axis of the drawer formed in a part 21 integral with the housing 8 of the latter: thus, the rollers 17 and 19 and the shaft 18 can only move in translation along the axis of the drawer.
  • cylindrical part 15 is closed at its end situated on the motor side and open at its other end in order to receive the corresponding end of the drawer and the part 21.
  • the rotation of the motor 1 causes that of the cylindrical part 15 and the groove 16 drives the roller 17, which has the effect of linearly displacing the drawer since the rollers can only move in translation along the axis thereof .
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 clearly show the orifices 9 making the distributor 7 communicate with the rest of the hydraulic circuit as well as the spring R ensuring the take-up of play and the return of the drawer in the event of the links being broken.
  • the drawer 6 is preferably connected to the shaft 18 by a ball joint 6a to compensate for possible misalignments.
  • the motor is arranged as above, but the connection consists of two circular plates 22 and 23 arranged opposite and whose axis coincides with 1 " axis A common to the motor and to the drawer.
  • the first 22 of the plates is rotated by the motor while the other 23 is fixed to the housing 8 of the distributor 7.
  • levers 24 consisting of an arm 25 extending between the plates, one end of which is articulated on each of the plates 22,23 by ball joints 26,27 respectively and the other end of which is articulated on a ball joint 28 integral with the drawer.
  • the common axis of the ball joints 26 and 27 is perpendicular to the arm 25 and they somehow constitute therewith two branches perpendicular to each other.
  • the arm 25 In the neutral position, the arm 25 extends parallel to the plates and the axis of the ball joints 26 and 27 is parallel to that of the drawer.
  • the rotation of the motor causes that of the plate 22: as the plate 23 is fixed, the axis of the ball joints 26 and 27 ceases to be parallel to the drawer and the arm 25 changes orientation, causing the displacement of the drawer 6 by the intermediate of the ball 28.
  • the constitution of the dispenser is the same as in FIGS. 7 and 8 with the orifices 9, the return spring R and the ball joint 6a by which the drawer 6 is articulated on the part carrying the ball joints 28. If necessary, provision can be made an additional return spring RI interposed between the motor 1 and the plate 22.
  • FIGS 11a to 11d illustrate several possible embodiments of the dispenser used in the device which is the subject of the invention. In all cases, there are only two blocks PI and P2 and three communications with a high pressure source, an exhaust and a single use.
  • FIG. 11a corresponds to the simplest case (similar to FIG. 4a) in which the holes in the jacket 12 and the housing 8, which constitute each orifice 9, are of circular section, of the same diameter, and continuously one with the other.
  • FIG. 12 gives, for different configurations of the distributor, the shape of the flow laws (in liters per minute) as a function of the stroke of the slide (in millimeters) as and when the corresponding block clears the orifice considered, for feeding at a pressure of 100 bars.
  • curves C1 to C3 correspond to the figure lie for different angles at the top of the part 30, h being the height of the aforesaid isosceles triangle.
  • Curve C4 corresponds to a circular hole with a diameter of 3 mm according to FIG. 11a and curve C5 to the presence of an internal groove in accordance with FIG. 11d.
  • the device which is the subject of the invention therefore has particularly advantageous advantages since on the one hand the rotary motor is insensitive to parasitic accelerations and vibrations and, on the other hand, the absence of play in the mechanical connections obtained thanks to the return means. results in greater precision in the positioning of the drawer and prevents premature wear of the parts. In addition, in the event of a break in the mechanical connections, the drawer assumes a perfectly determined position. Finally, if the above description has been made in the context of an automotive application, the device which is the subject of the invention can be used in any type of installation, whether it be mobile equipment or stationary machinery .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)

Abstract

Device comprising a rotary motor transmitting a linear movement to a hydraulic valve (6) through an arm (4) linked to the engine and acting on a clevis (5) integral with said valve (6). A spring acting on one end of the valve (6) provides clearance adjustment of the connection between the engine and said valve (6) and enables the return of the latter into a predetermined safety position in the event of breakdown of the system. The valve of the invention is for use in motor vehicle applications.

Description

TIROIR A ENTRAINEMENT DIRECT. DIRECT DRAWER.
L'invention concerne un dispositif de transmission d'énergie de commande mécanique, notamment pour des applications dans le domaine automobile comme le contrôle de la pression de freinage dans un frein ou la correction rapide d'une suspension hydropneumatique.The invention relates to a mechanical control energy transmission device, in particular for applications in the automotive field such as controlling the braking pressure in a brake or the rapid correction of a hydropneumatic suspension.
Parmi les nombreuses solutions de transmission d'énergie de commande mécanique existantes, les systèmes hydrauliques tels que les servo-valves hydrauliques paraissent les mieux adaptés pour être embarqués dans des véhicules ou autres matériels mobiles car ils sont peu coûteux et peuvent s'adapter facilement et rapidement aux exigences de nouvelles conditions techniques ou économiques.Among the many existing mechanical control energy transmission solutions, hydraulic systems such as hydraulic servo-valves seem to be the best suited to be embedded in vehicles or other mobile equipment because they are inexpensive and can be easily adapted and quickly to the requirements of new technical or economic conditions.
Une servo-valve hydraulique peut être définie comme l'interface entre un dispositif électrique ou électronique fournissant un signal de commande, et un dispositif hydraulique qui doit fournir une réponse fonction du signal électrique.A hydraulic servo valve can be defined as the interface between an electrical or electronic device providing a control signal, and a hydraulic device that must provide a response depending on the electrical signal.
Les caractéristiques demandées à une servo-valve hydraulique sont les suivantes:The characteristics required of a hydraulic servo valve are as follows:
Elle doit pouvoir être utilisée pour réaliser des asservissements de toute nature, par exemple:It must be able to be used to carry out servos of all kinds, for example:
. asservissement d'une pression, dans une commande de freinage par exemple,. pressure control, in a brake control for example,
asservissement en déplacement, par exemple de la position d'un vérin hydraulique,displacement control, for example the position of a hydraulic cylinder,
asservissement en débit, par exemple pour des corrections rapides d'une suspension hydropneumatique d'un véhicule.flow control, for example for rapid correction of a hydropneumatic suspension of a vehicle.
- La servo-valve doit avoir une bande passante élevée de façon à permettre une réponse rapide et stable de l'asservissement, indépendamment du débit hydraulique demandé.- The servo valve must have a high bandwidth so as to allow a quick and stable response from servo, regardless of the hydraulic flow requested.
- La servo-valve doit être compatible avec 1'environnement automobile par:- The servo valve must be compatible with the automotive environment by:
. un faible prix de revient,. a low cost price,
. un fonctionnement possible dans une large plage de températures,. operation possible over a wide range of temperatures,
. une faible sensibilité aux impuretés ne nécessitant pas de précautions importantes pour la mise en service et la filtration du fluide hydraulique,. low sensitivity to impurities which do not require significant precautions for the commissioning and filtration of the hydraulic fluid,
. une très faible consommation électrique,. very low power consumption,
une consommation hydraulique propre pratiquement nulle en toutes circonstances,practically zero clean hydraulic consumption in all circumstances,
son insensibilité aux vibrations et aux accélérations.its insensitivity to vibrations and accelerations.
On connaît une servo-valve répondant à toutes ces caractéristiques constituée par un actionneur rotatif tel qu'un moteur électrique rotatif de faible inertie, piloté en position et relié par des moyens de liaison mécaniques à un organe mécanique tel qu'un distributeur hydraulique à tiroir linéaire, le moteur étant équipé d'un ressort de rappel dans sa position initiale.There is known a servo valve meeting all these characteristics consisting of a rotary actuator such as a rotary electric motor of low inertia, controlled in position and connected by mechanical connection means to a mechanical member such as a hydraulic distributor with drawer linear, the motor being equipped with a return spring in its initial position.
Un tel dispositif est bien adapté pour être embarqué sur un véhicule car le moteur électrique rotatif est insensible aux vibrations et aux accélérations qui n'ont aucun effet sur sa position angulaire, ce qui n'est pas le cas d'un moteur linéaire dont la masse métallique peut être déplacée par effet d'inertie. Quant au distributeur hydraulique à tiroir linéaire. il est déjà largement utilisé dans l'industrie automobile car il est peu coûteux, peu sensible aux impuretés et la très faible masse du tiroir lui-même fait que les accélérations suivant son axe ne créent que de très faibles forces.Such a device is well suited to be carried on a vehicle because the rotary electric motor is insensitive to vibrations and accelerations which have no effect on its angular position, which is not the case for a linear motor whose metallic mass can be displaced by inertia effect. As for the hydraulic distributor with linear drawer. it is already widely used in the automotive industry because it is inexpensive, not very sensitive to impurities and the very low mass of the drawer itself means that accelerations along its axis only create very low forces.
Cependant, ce dispositif connu présente quelques inconvénients dûs à la présence inévitable de jeux dans la liaison entre l'actionneur et le tiroir. Il s'ensuit une certaine imprécision sur la position de ce dernier et une usure prématurée des pièces. De plus, en cas de rupture dans les liaisons mécaniques, le tiroir hydraulique peut soit rester dans sa position, qui n'est pas forcément celle correspondant à la plus grande sécurité de conduite du véhicule en cas de panne du système hydraulique, soit dériver de manière incontrôlée.However, this known device has some drawbacks due to the inevitable presence of clearances in the connection between the actuator and the drawer. This results in a certain imprecision on the position of the latter and premature wear of the parts. In addition, in the event of a break in the mechanical connections, the hydraulic slide can either remain in its position, which is not necessarily that corresponding to the greatest driving safety of the vehicle in the event of failure of the hydraulic system, or derive from uncontrolled way.
Aussi, l'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un dispositif de transmission d'énergie de commande mécanique, comprenant un actionneur ou moteur rotatif et des moyens de liaison reliant cet actionneur à un organe mécanique tel qu'un tiroir hydraulique pour transmettre un mouvement linéaire à ce dernier, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de rattrapage de jeu et de rappel de 1'organe mécanique dans une position de sécurité prédéterminée.Also, the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a mechanical control energy transmission device, comprising an actuator or rotary motor and connecting means connecting this actuator to a mechanical member such as a hydraulic slide to transmit a linear movement to the latter, characterized in that it comprises means for taking up play and returning the mechanical member to a predetermined safety position.
Selon d'autres caractéristiques du dispositif objet de 1'invention:According to other characteristics of the device which is the subject of the invention:
le tiroir étant apte à établir ou empêcher des communications entre au moins une utilisation et soit une source de haute pression, soit un échappement, la position de sécurité prédéterminée est une position dans laquelle une communication est établie entre ladite utilisation d'une part et la source de haute pression ou 1'échappement d'autre part;the drawer being able to establish or prevent communications between at least one use and either a high pressure source or an exhaust, the predetermined safety position is a position in which communication is established between said use on the one hand and the high pressure source or exhaust on the other hand;
- les moyens de rattrapage de jeu et de rappel de l'organe mécanique agissent directement sur le tiroir; - les moyens de rattrapage de jeu et de rappel de l'organe mécanique comprennent un ressort ou analogue agissant sur une extrémité du tiroir;- The play take-up and return means of the mechanical member act directly on the drawer; - The play take-up and return means of the mechanical member comprise a spring or the like acting on one end of the drawer;
- il comporte en outre des moyens de rappel du moteur dans une position neutre prédéterminée;- It further comprises means for returning the motor to a predetermined neutral position;
il comprend des moyens de rappel supplémentaires incorporés aux moyens de liaison;it includes additional return means incorporated into the connecting means;
- 1 'axe de rotation du moteur est perpendiculaire à 1'axe du tiroir;The axis of rotation of the motor is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer;
- les moyens de liaison comprennent un levier solidaire du rotor du moteur et dont un bras, situé à une certaine distance de l'axe de rotation de celui-ci, agit sur une pièce solidaire du tiroir;- The connecting means comprise a lever secured to the rotor of the motor and an arm of which, located at a certain distance from the axis of rotation of the latter, acts on a part secured to the drawer;
- le levier comprend un premier bras s'étendant perpendiculairement à 1 *axe de rotation du moteur et dont une extrémité est fixée au rotor au niveau de cet axe, et un deuxième bras, constituant le bras précité, s'étendant perpendiculairement au premier;- The lever comprises a first arm extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor and one end of which is fixed to the rotor at this axis, and a second arm, constituting the aforementioned arm, extending perpendicular to the first;
- ladite pièce solidaire du tiroir est en forme de chape et ledit bras présente une partie en forme de tonneau agissant sur cette chape;- Said piece integral with the drawer is in the form of a yoke and said arm has a barrel-shaped part acting on this yoke;
- ledit bras est relié au tiroir par une bielle dont les deux extrémités s'articulent respectivement sur le bras et le tiroir au moyen de rotules;- Said arm is connected to the drawer by a connecting rod whose two ends are articulated respectively on the arm and the drawer by means of ball joints;
- il est agencé pour qu'en position centrale du tiroir l'une au moins des conditions suivantes soit respectée:- it is arranged so that in the central position of the drawer at least one of the following conditions is met:
. le moteur est sensiblement au milieu de sa course, . le levier est perpendiculaire à l'axe du tiroir,. the engine is approximately in the middle of its stroke, . the lever is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer,
. 1'axe du tiroir est concourant avec 1'axe du bras ou de la rotule du levier;. The axis of the drawer coincides with the axis of the arm or of the ball joint of the lever;
- 1'axe de rotation du moteur est colinéaire à 1'axe du tiroir;- the axis of rotation of the motor is collinear with the axis of the drawer;
- les moyens de liaison comprennent au moins un galet solidaire du tiroir et d'axe perpendiculaire à celui-ci, coulissant dans une rampe hélicoïdale ménagée dans la paroi d'une pièce cylindrique entraînée par le moteur en rotation autour de son propre axe, lequel est parallèle, et de préférence colinéaire, à celui du moteur, et des moyens de maintien de 1'axe dudit galet en translation suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe du tiroir;- The connecting means comprise at least one roller integral with the drawer and with an axis perpendicular thereto, sliding in a helical ramp formed in the wall of a cylindrical part driven by the motor in rotation about its own axis, which is parallel, and preferably collinear, to that of the motor, and means for holding the axis of said roller in translation in a direction parallel to the axis of the slide;
- lesdits moyens de maintien en translation comprennent au moins un galet de guidage de même axe que le premier et également solidaire du tiroir, ce galet de guidage étant apte à rouler dans une rainure parallèle à l'axe du tiroir ménagée dans une pièce fixe;- Said means for holding in translation comprise at least one guide roller of the same axis as the first and also integral with the drawer, this guide roller being able to roll in a groove parallel to the axis of the drawer formed in a fixed part;
- les moyens de liaison comprennent:- the connection means include:
- un premier plateau disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe du moteur et entraîné en rotation par celui-ci;- A first plate arranged perpendicular to the axis of the engine and driven in rotation by the latter;
- un deuxième plateau, fixé au boîtier du tiroir, placé en vis-à-vis du premier et parallèlement à celui-ci; et- a second tray, fixed to the drawer housing, placed opposite the first and parallel to it; and
- au moins un levier comprenant:- at least one lever comprising:
. une première branche dont les extrémités sont articulées sur chacun des deux plateaux; et une deuxième branche faisant un angle non nul avec la première et agissant sur une extrémité du tiroir;. a first branch, the ends of which are articulated on each of the two plates; and a second branch making a non-zero angle with the first and acting on one end of the drawer;
- il comprend un ressort de rappel au niveau des plateaux;- It includes a return spring at the level of the plates;
- le tiroir comportant une tige munie de pavés coulissant dans un alésage ménagé dans une chemise et aptes à dégager ou obturer des trous radiaux communiquant avec ladite utilisation, la source de haute pression et l'échappement, les trous ont une section circulaire;- The drawer comprising a rod provided with blocks sliding in a bore formed in a jacket and capable of releasing or sealing radial holes communicating with said use, the high pressure source and the exhaust, the holes have a circular section;
- le tiroir comportant une tige munie de pavés coulissant dans un alésage ménagé dans une chemise et aptes à dégager ou obturer des trous radiaux communiquant avec ladite utilisation, la source de haute pression et l'échappement, l'un au moins des trous a une section non circulaire et adaptée pour que celle-ci augmente de manière progressive et régulière au fur et à mesure qu'il est dégagé par le pavé correspondant lors du déplacement du tiroir;- The drawer comprising a rod provided with sliding blocks in a bore formed in a jacket and capable of releasing or closing radial holes communicating with said use, the high pressure source and the exhaust, at least one of the holes has a non-circular section and adapted so that it increases progressively and regularly as it is released by the corresponding block when the drawer is moved;
- ledit trou a une section circulaire ou analogue d'un côté et se termine en pointe du côté opposé.- Said hole has a circular section or the like on one side and ends in a point on the opposite side.
- le (ou les) trou(s) débouche(nt) dans une gorge annulaire ménagée à 1'extérieur de la chemise du tiroir et/ou dans une gorge annulaire ménagée sur la paroi de l'alésage;- The hole (s) opens (s) into an annular groove formed outside the jacket of the drawer and / or into an annular groove formed on the wall of the bore;
- 1'alésage présente deux orifices communiquant chacun avec une utilisation, deux orifices communiquant avec- The bore has two holes each communicating with a use, two holes communicating with
1 'échappement et un orifice communiquant avec la source de haute pression, le nombre et la disposition des pavés étant tels que, lorsqu'une utilisation est reliée à l'échappement, l'autre soit reliée à la source de haute pression et vice-versa. L'invention apparaîtra mieux à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:1 exhaust and an orifice communicating with the high pressure source, the number and arrangement of the blocks being such that, when one use is connected to the exhaust, the other is connected to the high pressure source and vice vice versa. The invention will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention, l'axe du moteur étant perpendiculaire à celui du tiroir;- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a device according to the invention, the motor axis being perpendicular to that of the drawer;
- la figure 2 est une coupe suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 1;- Figure 2 is a section along the line II-II of Figure 1;
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 2;- Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2;
- les figures 4a à 4d sont des vues schématiques en coupe à échelle agrandie illustrant plusieurs modes de réalisation possibles du tiroir hydraulique;- Figures 4a to 4d are schematic sectional views on an enlarged scale illustrating several possible embodiments of the hydraulic slide;
- la figure 5 est une vue schématique en perspective de la liaison entre le moteur et le tiroir à l'aide de rotules;- Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the connection between the motor and the drawer using ball joints;
- la figure 6 est une vue semblable à la figure 5 avec arrachement partiel montrant les rotules;- Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 with partial cutaway showing the ball joints;
- la figure 7 est une vue schématique en coupe et en perspective d'un mode de réalisation dans lequel l'axe du moteur est colinéaire à celui du tiroir;- Figure 7 is a schematic sectional and perspective view of an embodiment in which the axis of the motor is collinear to that of the drawer;
- la figure 8 est une vue en coupe et en élévation du dispositif de la figure 7;- Figure 8 is a sectional view in elevation of the device of Figure 7;
- la figure 9 est une vue schématique en coupe et en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation, toujours avec l'axe du moteur colinéaire à celui du tiroir;- Figure 9 is a schematic sectional view in perspective of another embodiment, still with the axis of the motor collinear with that of the drawer;
- la figure 10 est une vue en coupe et en élévation du dispositif de la figure 9; - les figures lia à lld sont des vues schématiques en coupe à échelle agrandie de diverses formes du distributeur présentant ou non des gorges annulaires et avec différentes sections de trous; et- Figure 10 is a sectional view in elevation of the device of Figure 9; - Figures 11a to 11d are schematic sectional views on an enlarged scale of various forms of the dispenser having or not annular grooves and with different sections of holes; and
- la figure 12 est un graphe donnant le débit en fonction de la course du tiroir pour diverses formes de réalisation illustrées aux figures lia à lld.- Figure 12 is a graph giving the flow rate as a function of the stroke of the slide for various embodiments illustrated in Figures 11a to 11d.
La figure 1 illustre une première forme de réalisation du dispositif objet de l'invention comprenant un moteur électrique rotatif 1 monté dans un carter 2 dont une partie est arrachée sur le dessin. La rotation du moteur entraîne un levier 3, qui sera décrit plus en détail ultérieurement, lequel se termine par un bras 4 dont 1 •extrémité 4a est reçue dans une pièce en forme de chape 5 prévue à une extrémité du tiroir 6 du distributeur 7. La référence 8 désigne le boîtier de celui-ci dans lequel sont percés des orifices 9 pour la communication avec divers éléments du circuit hydraulique tels que source de haute pression, échappement, utilisations diverses.FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the device which is the subject of the invention comprising a rotary electric motor 1 mounted in a casing 2, part of which is cut away in the drawing. The rotation of the motor drives a lever 3, which will be described in more detail later, which ends in an arm 4, the end of which 4a is received in a yoke-shaped part 5 provided at one end of the drawer 6 of the distributor 7. Reference 8 designates the housing thereof in which are drilled holes 9 for communication with various elements of the hydraulic circuit such as high pressure source, exhaust, various uses.
Dans cette réalisation, l'axe du bras 4 est parallèle à l'axe de rotation du moteur, ces deux axes étant perpendiculaires à celui du tiroir.In this embodiment, the axis of the arm 4 is parallel to the axis of rotation of the motor, these two axes being perpendicular to that of the slide.
La vue en coupe de la figure 2 montre plus précisément la forme de la chape 5 et du tiroir 6, lequel se compose essentiellement d'une tige 10 munie de deux pavés PI et P2 coulissant dans un alésage 11 d'une chemise 12, elle-même montée dans le boîtier 8. Un ressort de rappel R, interposé entre une pièce telle qu'un bouchon 13 solidaire du boîtier 8 et l'extrémité du tiroir opposée à la chape 5, assure, conformément à la caractéristique principale du dispositif objet de l'invention, le rattrapage des jeux de la liaison et le rappel du tiroir dans une position prédéterminée en cas de rupture de la liaison. Comme on le verra plus en détail ci-après, le bras 4 est lié au rotor du moteur par le levier 3 de sorte qu'une oscillation de faible amplitude du rotor autour de 1 'axe A entraîne un mouvement du bras 4 suivant un arc de cercle centré sur A et tangent à l'axe du tiroir: ceci a pour effet de déplacer linéairement le tiroir suivant son axe car il est guidé en translation par l'alésage 11.The sectional view of FIG. 2 shows more precisely the shape of the yoke 5 and of the drawer 6, which essentially consists of a rod 10 provided with two blocks PI and P2 sliding in a bore 11 of a jacket 12, it - even mounted in the housing 8. A return spring R, interposed between a part such as a plug 13 secured to the housing 8 and the end of the drawer opposite the yoke 5, ensures, in accordance with the main characteristic of the object device of the invention, the take-up of the games of the connection and the return of the drawer to a predetermined position in the event of the connection being broken. As will be seen in more detail below, the arm 4 is linked to the motor rotor by the lever 3 so that a low amplitude oscillation of the rotor around the axis A causes movement of the arm 4 in an arc of circle centered on A and tangent to the axis of the drawer: this has the effect of moving the drawer linearly along its axis because it is guided in translation by the bore 11.
De préférence, l'extrémité 4a du bras 4 en contact avec la chape est en forme de tonneau, l'axe du tonneau étant confondu avec celui du bras 4, comme on le voit bien sur la figure 3: ceci permet une petite liberté afin de compenser d'éventuels défauts d'alignement, tout en minimisant les pressions de contact entre les deux pièces.Preferably, the end 4a of the arm 4 in contact with the yoke is in the shape of a barrel, the axis of the barrel being coincident with that of the arm 4, as can be seen in FIG. 3: this allows a little freedom so compensate for possible misalignments, while minimizing contact pressures between the two parts.
Les figures 4a à 4d illustrent diverses formes de réalisation possibles pour le tiroir 6.FIGS. 4a to 4d illustrate various possible embodiments for the drawer 6.
Celle de la figure 4a, qui est la plus simple, correspond à la figure 2 et l'on retrouve la tige 10 munie des pavés PI et P2 coulissant dans l'alésage 11 de la chemise 12. Celle-ci est percée de trois orifices 9 assurant la communication respectivement avec une source de haute pression, un échappement et une utilisation; ces trois communications sont symbolisées par les lettres H, E et U respectivement et cette dernière débouche dans l'alésage 11 à mi-chemin entre H et E. Les orifices percés dans la chemise sont en alignement avec ceux percés dans le boîtier et c'est pourquoi ils portent la même référence.That of FIG. 4a, which is the simplest, corresponds to FIG. 2 and we find the rod 10 provided with the blocks PI and P2 sliding in the bore 11 of the jacket 12. The latter is pierced with three orifices 9 ensuring communication respectively with a high pressure source, an exhaust and a use; these three communications are symbolized by the letters H, E and U respectively and the latter opens into the bore 11 halfway between H and E. The holes drilled in the jacket are in alignment with those drilled in the housing and c ' is why they carry the same reference.
Dans la position représentée, qui est la position neutre comme pour les figures 4b à 4d, les pavés PI et P2 obturent H et E respectivement et aucune communication n'est établie. On voit aisément qu'un déplacement du tiroir met l'utilisation U en communication soit avec H, soit avec E. En cas de rupture de la liaison avec le moteur, le ressort de rappel R, supposé à droite de la figure 4a, entraîne le tiroir dans la position pour laquelle U communique avec H, mais il suffirait de modifier le circuit hydraulique pour établir la communication avec E.In the position shown, which is the neutral position as in FIGS. 4b to 4d, the blocks PI and P2 close H and E respectively and no communication is established. It is easy to see that a movement of the drawer puts the use U in communication either with H or with E. In the event of a break in the connection with the motor, the return spring R, assumed on the right of FIG. 4a, causes the drawer in position for which U communicates with H, but it would suffice to modify the hydraulic circuit to establish communication with E.
Dans le cas de la figure 4b, il y a un pavé supplémentaire P3, au milieu entre PI et P2. En position neutre, P3 obture U tandis que PI et P2 se trouvent au-delà de H et E.In the case of FIG. 4b, there is an additional block P3, in the middle between PI and P2. In the neutral position, P3 closes U while PI and P2 are beyond H and E.
Les figures 4c et 4d correspondent à une réalisation dans laquelle il y a deux utilisations Ul et U2. La haute pression H débouche au milieu entre Ul et U2 tandis que 1 'échappement E communique avec l'alésage 11 par deux orifices situés au-delà de Ul et U2.Figures 4c and 4d correspond to an embodiment in which there are two uses Ul and U2. The high pressure H opens out in the middle between Ul and U2 while the exhaust E communicates with the bore 11 through two orifices located beyond Ul and U2.
Dans le cas de la figure 4c, il y a trois pavés, PI et P2 étant plus longs que dans le cas de la figure 4b. En position neutre, P3 obture H tandis que PI et P2 obturent les orifices d'échappement.In the case of FIG. 4c, there are three blocks, PI and P2 being longer than in the case of FIG. 4b. In the neutral position, P3 closes H while PI and P2 close the exhaust ports.
Enfin, dans le cas de la figure 4d, il y a quatre pavés PI à P4 tels qu'en position neutre, P3 et P4 obturent Ul et U2 respectivement tandis que PI et P2 (qui sont plus courts que sur la figure 4c) se trouvent au-delà des orifices d'échappement.Finally, in the case of FIG. 4d, there are four blocks PI to P4 such that in neutral position, P3 and P4 close U1 and U2 respectively while PI and P2 (which are shorter than in FIG. 4c) located beyond the exhaust ports.
L'observation des figures 4c et 4d montre que, si Ul est à l'échappement, U2 communique avec la haute pression et inversement.The observation of FIGS. 4c and 4d shows that, if Ul is at the exhaust, U2 communicates with the high pressure and vice versa.
II est à noter qu'en position neutre, les pavés obturant un orifice s'étendent au-delà de celui-ci de sorte qu'un déplacement minimal appelé "recouvrement" est nécessaire avant qu'une communication puisse être établie. Ce recouvrement permet d'éliminer les fuites internes de fluide hydraulique et donc d'éviter une consommation parasite de celui-ci: la génération de pression peut donc être dimensionnée au minimum possible. De plus, prévoir un recouvrement présente un autre avantage puisqu'il n'y a plus lieu de prévoir des tolérances très faibles, ce qui diminue le coût de fabrication: en effet, le recouvrement peut varier de façon notable sans perturber le fonctionnement du dispositif.It should be noted that in the neutral position, the blocks blocking an orifice extend beyond it so that a minimum displacement called "overlap" is necessary before communication can be established. This covering makes it possible to eliminate internal leaks of hydraulic fluid and therefore to avoid parasitic consumption thereof: the generation of pressure can therefore be dimensioned to the minimum possible. In addition, providing a recovery presents another advantage since there is no longer any need to provide very low tolerances, which reduces the manufacturing cost: in fact, the overlap can vary significantly without disturbing the operation of the device.
On va maintenant décrire un autre mode de réalisation de la liaison entre le moteur et le tiroir, en référence aux figures 5 et 6, toujours dans le cas où 1'axe du moteur est perpendiculaire à celui du tiroir.We will now describe another embodiment of the connection between the motor and the slide, with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, still in the case where the axis of the motor is perpendicular to that of the slide.
La vue en perspective de la figure 5, volontairement très simplifiée, ne montre que la face avant du moteur 1, le tiroir 6 et leur liaison. On retrouve le levier 3 qui se compose d'un premier bras 13, s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe du moteur et dont une extrémité est fixée à celui-ci, et d'un deuxième bras 4 fixé à 1'autre extrémité du premier et s'étendant perpendiculairement à ce premier bras 13.The perspective view of FIG. 5, deliberately very simplified, only shows the front face of the motor 1, the slide 6 and their connection. We find the lever 3 which consists of a first arm 13, extending perpendicular to the axis of the motor and one end of which is fixed to the latter, and of a second arm 4 fixed to the other end of the first and extending perpendicular to this first arm 13.
Une bielle 14 assure la liaison entre le levier 3 et le tiroir 6 au moyen de rotules visibles sur la vue avec arrachement de la figure 6. Dans cette réalisation, l'extrémité 4a du bras 4 et 1'extrémité 6a du tiroir sont constituées en forme de rotules reçues dans des logements correspondants de la bielle 14 précitée.A connecting rod 14 provides the connection between the lever 3 and the drawer 6 by means of ball joints visible in the view with the cutaway in FIG. 6. In this embodiment, the end 4a of the arm 4 and the end 6a of the drawer are constituted by form of ball joints received in corresponding housings of the aforementioned connecting rod 14.
De préférence, dans les modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits, afin d'assurer la meilleure géométrie possible de l'ensemble et d'assurer les courses nécessaires au tiroir, le montage est réalisé de façon qu'en position centrale du tiroir, c'est-à-dire avec un recouvrement égal pour l'admission et 1 •échappement:Preferably, in the embodiments which have just been described, in order to ensure the best possible geometry of the assembly and to ensure the necessary strokes for the drawer, the assembly is carried out so that in the central position of the drawer , that is to say with an equal overlap for the intake and 1 • exhaust:
- le moteur soit sensiblement au milieu de sa course;- the engine is substantially in the middle of its stroke;
- le levier 3 soit perpendiculaire à l'axe du tiroir; - 1 'axe du tiroir soit concourant avec 1 'axe du bras 4 ou de la rotule 4a du levier.- the lever 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer; - the axis of the drawer is concurrent with the axis of the arm 4 or of the ball joint 4a of the lever.
L'expression "le levier 3 est perpendiculaire à l'axe du tiroir" signifie que c'est le bras 13 de ce levier (ou le plan contenant les deux bras 13 et 4) qui est perpendiculaire à l'axe du tiroir. Quant à l'axe de la rotule, il s'agit de l'axe de sa queue qui, dans le cas de la figure 6, est constituée par le bras 4 lui-même.The expression "the lever 3 is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer" means that it is the arm 13 of this lever (or the plane containing the two arms 13 and 4) which is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer. As for the axis of the ball, it is the axis of its tail which, in the case of Figure 6, is constituted by the arm 4 itself.
Dans tous les cas, la relation entre l'angle de rotation du moteur et la course du tiroir est déterminée par la configuration et les dimensions du levier.In all cases, the relationship between the angle of rotation of the motor and the stroke of the slide is determined by the configuration and dimensions of the lever.
Les figures 7 et 8 d'une part, 9 et 10 d'autre part, illustrent deux constructions dans lesquelles l'axe du moteur est colinéaire à celui du tiroir.Figures 7 and 8 on the one hand, 9 and 10 on the other hand, illustrate two constructions in which the axis of the motor is collinear with that of the drawer.
Dans le cas des figures 7 et 8, la liaison est essentiellement constituée par une pièce cylindrique 15 d'axe confondu avec celui du moteur et entraînée directement par celui-ci. La pièce 15 présente une rainure hélicoïdale 16 dans laquelle peut se mouvoir un galet 17 monté à une extrémité d'un arbre 18 prévu à une extrémité du tiroir 6 et s'étendant perpendiculairement à celui-ci, l'axe de rotation du galet étant confondu avec celui de l'arbre 18.In the case of FIGS. 7 and 8, the connection is essentially constituted by a cylindrical part 15 with an axis coincident with that of the motor and driven directly by the latter. The part 15 has a helical groove 16 in which a roller 17 can move, mounted at one end of a shaft 18 provided at one end of the drawer 6 and extending perpendicularly to the latter, the axis of rotation of the roller being confused with that of tree 18.
Deux galets de guidage 19 sont montés sur l'arbre 18 de part et d'autre du tiroir 6 avec la même orientation que le galet 17 et peuvent coulisser dans des rainures 20 parallèles à l'axe du tiroir ménagées dans une pièce 21 solidaire du boîtier 8 de ce dernier: ainsi, les galets 17 et 19 et l'arbre 18 ne peuvent se déplacer qu'en translation suivant l'axe du tiroir.Two guide rollers 19 are mounted on the shaft 18 on either side of the drawer 6 with the same orientation as the roller 17 and can slide in grooves 20 parallel to the axis of the drawer formed in a part 21 integral with the housing 8 of the latter: thus, the rollers 17 and 19 and the shaft 18 can only move in translation along the axis of the drawer.
On remarquera ici que la pièce cylindrique 15 est fermée à son extrémité située du côté du moteur et ouverte à son autre extrémité afin de recevoir 1'extrémité correspondante du tiroir et la pièce 21.It will be noted here that the cylindrical part 15 is closed at its end situated on the motor side and open at its other end in order to receive the corresponding end of the drawer and the part 21.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif illustré aux figures 7 et 8 est le suivant:The operation of the device illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 is as follows:
La rotation du moteur 1 entraîne celle de la pièce cylindrique 15 et la rainure 16 entraîne le galet 17, ce qui a pour effet de déplacer linéairement le tiroir puisque les galets ne peuvent se déplacer qu'en translation suivant l'axe de celui- ci.The rotation of the motor 1 causes that of the cylindrical part 15 and the groove 16 drives the roller 17, which has the effect of linearly displacing the drawer since the rollers can only move in translation along the axis thereof .
Les figures 7 et 8 montrent bien les orifices 9 faisant communiquer le distributeur 7 avec le reste du circuit hydraulique ainsi que le ressort R assurant le rattrapage de jeu et le rappel du tiroir en cas de rupture des liaisons. On notera enfin que le tiroir 6 est de préférence relié à 1'arbre 18 par une rotule 6a pour compenser d'éventuels défauts d'alignement.FIGS. 7 and 8 clearly show the orifices 9 making the distributor 7 communicate with the rest of the hydraulic circuit as well as the spring R ensuring the take-up of play and the return of the drawer in the event of the links being broken. Finally, it will be noted that the drawer 6 is preferably connected to the shaft 18 by a ball joint 6a to compensate for possible misalignments.
Dans le mode de réalisation des figures 9 et 10, le moteur est disposé comme précédemment, mais la liaison est constituée de deux plateaux circulaires 22 et 23 disposés en vis-à-vis et dont 1'axe est confondu avec 1»axe A commun au moteur et au tiroir. Le premier 22 des plateaux est entraîné en rotation par le moteur tandis que l'autre 23 est fixé au boîtier 8 du distributeur 7. Entre les plateaux sont montés des leviers 24 constitués d'un bras 25 s'étendant entre les plateaux dont une extrémité est articulée sur chacun des plateaux 22,23 par des rotules 26,27 respectivement et dont l'autre extrémité est articulée sur une rotule 28 solidaire du tiroir. L'axe commun des rotules 26 et 27 est perpendiculaire au bras 25 et elles constituent en quelque sorte avec celui-ci deux branches perpendiculaires entre elles.In the embodiment of Figures 9 and 10, the motor is arranged as above, but the connection consists of two circular plates 22 and 23 arranged opposite and whose axis coincides with 1 " axis A common to the motor and to the drawer. The first 22 of the plates is rotated by the motor while the other 23 is fixed to the housing 8 of the distributor 7. Between the plates are mounted levers 24 consisting of an arm 25 extending between the plates, one end of which is articulated on each of the plates 22,23 by ball joints 26,27 respectively and the other end of which is articulated on a ball joint 28 integral with the drawer. The common axis of the ball joints 26 and 27 is perpendicular to the arm 25 and they somehow constitute therewith two branches perpendicular to each other.
En position neutre, le bras 25 s'étend parallèlement aux plateaux et l'axe des rotules 26 et 27 est parallèle à celui du tiroir. La rotation du moteur entraîne celle du plateau 22: comme le plateau 23 est fixe, l'axe des rotules 26 et 27 cesse d'être parallèle au tiroir et le bras 25 change d'orientation, entraînant le déplacement du tiroir 6 par l'intermédiaire de la rotule 28.In the neutral position, the arm 25 extends parallel to the plates and the axis of the ball joints 26 and 27 is parallel to that of the drawer. The rotation of the motor causes that of the plate 22: as the plate 23 is fixed, the axis of the ball joints 26 and 27 ceases to be parallel to the drawer and the arm 25 changes orientation, causing the displacement of the drawer 6 by the intermediate of the ball 28.
La constitution du distributeur est la même qu'aux figures 7 et 8 avec les orifices 9, le ressort de rappel R et la rotule 6a par laquelle le tiroir 6 s'articule sur la pièce portant les rotules 28. Si nécessaire, on peut prévoir un ressort de rappel supplémentaire RI interposé entre le moteur 1 et le plateau 22.The constitution of the dispenser is the same as in FIGS. 7 and 8 with the orifices 9, the return spring R and the ball joint 6a by which the drawer 6 is articulated on the part carrying the ball joints 28. If necessary, provision can be made an additional return spring RI interposed between the motor 1 and the plate 22.
Les figures lia à lld illustrent plusieurs formes de réalisation possibles du distributeur utilisé dans le dispositif objet de l'invention. Dans tous les cas, il n'y a que deux pavés PI et P2 et trois communications avec une source de haute pression, un échappement et une seule utilisation.Figures 11a to 11d illustrate several possible embodiments of the dispenser used in the device which is the subject of the invention. In all cases, there are only two blocks PI and P2 and three communications with a high pressure source, an exhaust and a single use.
La figure lia correspond au cas le plus simple (semblable à la figure 4a) dans lequel les perçages dans la chemise 12 et le boîtier 8, qui constituent chaque orifice 9, sont de section circulaire, de même diamètre, et en continuité l'un avec 1'autre.FIG. 11a corresponds to the simplest case (similar to FIG. 4a) in which the holes in the jacket 12 and the housing 8, which constitute each orifice 9, are of circular section, of the same diameter, and continuously one with the other.
Dans le cas de la figure 11b, on a prévu dans la chemise 12, au niveau de l'admission (communication avec la source de haute pression) et de l'échappement, deux orifices 9a et 9b en alignement 1'un avec 1'autre et reliés par une gorge annulaire G.In the case of FIG. 11b, there are provided in the jacket 12, at the intake (communication with the high pressure source) and the exhaust, two orifices 9a and 9b in alignment with one ' other and connected by an annular groove G.
Dans la réalisation de la figure lie, il n'y a que trois orifices 9 percés dans la chemise 12, mais ceux qui communiquent avec 1'admission et 1'échappement n'ont pas une section circulaire. Celle-ci se compose d'une première partie circulaire 29 d'un côté et d'une deuxième partie 30 se terminant en pointe du côté opposé. La partie 30 forme ainsi un triangle isocèle se raccordant à peu près tangentiellement à la partie circulaire 29. Cette disposition permet d'obtenir un débit plus progressif, au fur et à mesure que le pavé correspondant découvre la partie 30, que dans le cas d'une section circulaire.In the embodiment of FIG. 11e, there are only three holes 9 drilled in the jacket 12, but those which communicate with the intake and the exhaust do not have a circular section. This consists of a first circular part 29 on one side and a second part 30 ending in a point on the opposite side. Part 30 thus forms a isosceles triangle connecting roughly tangentially to the circular part 29. This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a more progressive flow, as the corresponding block uncovers the part 30, than in the case of a circular section.
Enfin, dans le cas de la figure lld, il y a, comme à la figure 11b, deux orifices en alignement 9a et 9b percés dans la chemise 12 au niveau de l'admission et de l'échappement et ils sont de section circulaire. Cependant, on a prévu deux gorges annulaires dans la chemise 12, 1'une extérieure Gl et 1'autre intérieure G2 au niveau de l'alésage 11.Finally, in the case of Figure lld, there are, as in Figure 11b, two aligned holes 9a and 9b drilled in the jacket 12 at the intake and exhaust and they are of circular section. However, two annular grooves have been provided in the jacket 12, one external Gl and the other internal G2 at the bore 11.
La figure 12 donne, pour différentes configurations du distributeur, l'allure des lois de débit (en litres par minutes) en fonction de la course du tiroir (en millimètres) au fur et à mesure que le pavé correspondant dégage l'orifice considéré, pour une alimentation sous une pression de 100 bars.FIG. 12 gives, for different configurations of the distributor, the shape of the flow laws (in liters per minute) as a function of the stroke of the slide (in millimeters) as and when the corresponding block clears the orifice considered, for feeding at a pressure of 100 bars.
Les courbes Cl à C3 correspondent à la figure lie pour différents angles au sommet de la partie 30, h étant la hauteur du triangle isocèle précité. La courbe C4 correspond à un trou circulaire de diamètre 3 mm selon la figure lia et la courbe C5 à la présence d'une gorge intérieure conformément à la figure lld.The curves C1 to C3 correspond to the figure lie for different angles at the top of the part 30, h being the height of the aforesaid isosceles triangle. Curve C4 corresponds to a circular hole with a diameter of 3 mm according to FIG. 11a and curve C5 to the presence of an internal groove in accordance with FIG. 11d.
Le dispositif objet de l'invention présente donc des avantages particulièrement intéressants puisque d'une part le moteur rotatif est insensible aux accélérations et vibrations parasites et, d'autre part, l'absence de jeux dans les liaisons mécaniques obtenue grâce aux moyens de rappel entraîne une plus grande précision dans le positionnement du tiroir et évite une usure prématurée des pièces. De plus, en cas de rupture dans les liaisons mécaniques, le tiroir prend une position parfaitement déterminée. Enfin, si la description ci-dessus a été faite dans le cadre d'une application automobile, le dispositif objet de l'invention peut être utilisé dans tout type d'installation, qu'il s'agisse de matériels mobiles ou de machines fixes. The device which is the subject of the invention therefore has particularly advantageous advantages since on the one hand the rotary motor is insensitive to parasitic accelerations and vibrations and, on the other hand, the absence of play in the mechanical connections obtained thanks to the return means. results in greater precision in the positioning of the drawer and prevents premature wear of the parts. In addition, in the event of a break in the mechanical connections, the drawer assumes a perfectly determined position. Finally, if the above description has been made in the context of an automotive application, the device which is the subject of the invention can be used in any type of installation, whether it be mobile equipment or stationary machinery .

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de transmission d'énergie de commande mécanique, comprenant un actionneur ou moteur rotatif (1), des moyens de liaison reliant cet actionneur (1) à un organe mécanique (6) tel qu'un tiroir hydraulique pour transmettre un mouvement linéaire à ce dernier, et des moyens de rattrapage de jeu et de rappel de l'organe mécanique (6) dans une position de sécurité prédéterminée, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre des moyens de rappel du moteur dans une position neutre prédéterminée.1. Mechanical control energy transmission device, comprising an actuator or rotary motor (1), connecting means connecting this actuator (1) to a mechanical member (6) such as a hydraulic slide to transmit a linear movement to the latter, and means for taking up play and returning the mechanical member (6) to a predetermined safety position, characterized in that it further comprises means for returning the motor to a predetermined neutral position.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, le tiroir (6) étant apte à établir ou empêcher des communi¬ cations entre au moins une utilisation (U) et soit une source de haute pression (H), soit un échappement (E), la position de sécurité prédéterminée est une position dans laquelle une communication est établie entre ladite utilisation (U) d'une part et la source de haute pression (H) ou l'échappement (E) d'autre part.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the drawer (6) being able to establish or prevent communi¬ cations between at least one use (U) and either a high pressure source (H) or an exhaust (E), the predetermined safety position is a position in which communication is established between said use (U) on the one hand and the high pressure source (H) or the exhaust (E) on the other.
3. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de rattrapage de jeu et de rappel de l'organe mécanique agissent directement sur le tiroir (6) .3. Device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the play take-up and return means of the mechanical member act directly on the drawer (6).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de rattrapage de jeu et de rappel de l'organe mécanique comprennent un ressort ou analogue (R) agissant sur une extrémité du tiroir (6) .4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the play take-up and return means of the mechanical member comprise a spring or the like (R) acting on one end of the drawer (6).
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de rappel supplémentaires (RI) incorporés aux moyens de liaison. 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises additional return means (RI) incorporated in the connecting means.
6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (A) de rotation du moteur (1) est perpendiculaire à l'axe du tiroir (6).6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the axis (A) of rotation of the motor (1) is perpendicular to the axis of the drawer (6).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison comprennent un levier (3) solidaire du rotor du moteur et dont un bras (4) , situé à une certaine distance de l'axe de rotation de celui-ci, agit sur une pièce solidaire du tiroir (6).7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting means comprise a lever (3) integral with the motor rotor and including an arm (4), located at a certain distance from the axis of rotation thereof , acts on an integral part of the drawer (6).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le levier (3) comprend un premier bras (13) s'étendant perpendiculairement à 1'axe de rotation du moteur (1) et dont une extrémité est fixée au rotor au niveau de cet axe, et un deuxième bras (4), constituant le bras précité, s'étendant perpendiculairement au premier (13).8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the lever (3) comprises a first arm (13) extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the motor (1) and one end of which is fixed to the rotor at this axis, and a second arm (4), constituting the aforementioned arm, extending perpendicular to the first (13).
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce solidaire du tiroir (6) est en forme de chape (5) et ledit bras (4) présente une partie (4a) en forme de tonneau agissant sur cette chape (5).9. Device according to any one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that said piece integral with the drawer (6) is in the form of a yoke (5) and said arm (4) has a part (4a) in the form of a barrel acting on this yoke (5).
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit bras (4) est relié au tiroir (6) par une bielle (14) dont les deux extrémités s'articulent respectivement sur le bras et le tiroir au moyen de rotules (4a,6a) .10. Device according to any one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that said arm (4) is connected to the drawer (6) by a connecting rod (14) whose two ends are articulated respectively on the arm and the drawer by means of ball joints (4a, 6a).
11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il est agencé pour qu'en position centrale du tiroir (6), l'une au moins des conditions suivantes soit respectée:11. Device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that it is arranged so that in the central position of the drawer (6), at least one of the following conditions is met:
- le moteur (1) est sensiblement au milieu de sa course;- the motor (1) is substantially in the middle of its travel;
- le levier (3) est perpendiculaire à 1•axe du tiroir (6) ; - l'axe du tiroir (6) est concourant avec l'axe du bras (4) ou de la rotule (4a) du levier (3).- the lever (3) is perpendicular to 1 • axis of the drawer (6); - The axis of the drawer (6) is concurrent with the axis of the arm (4) or the ball joint (4a) of the lever (3).
12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation (A) du moteur (1) est colinéaire à 1'axe du tiroir (6) .12. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the axis of rotation (A) of the motor (1) is collinear with the axis of the drawer (6).
13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison comprennent au moins un galet (17) solidaire du tiroir (6) et d'axe perpendiculaire à celui-ci, coulissant dans une rampe hélicoïdale (16) ménagée dans la paroi d'une pièce cylindrique (15) entraînée par le moteur en rotation autour de son propre axe, lequel est parallèle, et de préférence colinéaire, à celui du moteur, et des moyens de maintien de 1 'axe dudit galet en translation suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe du tiroir (6).13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the connecting means comprise at least one roller (17) integral with the drawer (6) and with an axis perpendicular thereto, sliding in a helical ramp (16) formed in the wall of a cylindrical part (15) driven by the motor in rotation about its own axis, which is parallel, and preferably collinear, to that of the motor, and means for holding the axis of said roller in following translation a direction parallel to the axis of the drawer (6).
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de maintien en translation comprennent au moins un galet de guidage (19) de même axe que le premier et également solidaire du tiroir, ce galet de guidage étant apte à rouler dans une rainure (20) parallèle à l'axe du tiroir (6) ménagée dans une pièce fixe (21).14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that said means for holding in translation comprise at least one guide roller (19) of the same axis as the first and also integral with the drawer, this guide roller being able to roll in a groove (20) parallel to the axis of the drawer (6) formed in a fixed part (21).
15. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison comprennent:15. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the connecting means comprise:
- un premier plateau (22) disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe du moteur (1) et entraîné en rotation par celui-ci;- A first plate (22) arranged perpendicular to the axis of the motor (1) and driven in rotation by the latter;
- un deuxième plateau (23), fixé au boîtier (8) du tiroir (6), placé en vis-à-vis du premier et parallèlement à celui-ci; et- A second plate (23), fixed to the housing (8) of the drawer (6), placed opposite the first and parallel to the latter; and
- au moins un levier (24) comprenant: . une première branche (26,27) dont les extrémités sont articulées sur chacun des deux plateaux respectivement, et- at least one lever (24) comprising: . a first branch (26, 27) whose ends are articulated on each of the two plates respectively, and
. une deuxième branche (25) faisant un angle non nul avec la première et agissant sur une extrémité du tiroir (6) .. a second branch (25) making a non-zero angle with the first and acting on one end of the drawer (6).
16. Dispositif selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un ressort de rappel (RI) au niveau des plateaux.16. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises a return spring (RI) at the level of the plates.
17. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que, le tiroir comportant une tige (10) munie de pavés (P1,P2) coulissant dans un alésage (11) ménagé dans une chemise (12) et aptes à dégager ou obturer des trous radiaux (9) communiquant avec ladite utilisation, la source de haute pression et l'échappement, les trous ont une section circulaire.17. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, the drawer comprising a rod (10) provided with blocks (P1, P2) sliding in a bore (11) formed in a jacket (12) and able to release or seal radial holes (9) communicating with said use, the high pressure source and the exhaust, the holes have a circular section.
18. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que, le tiroir comportant une tige (10) munie de pavés (P1,P2) coulissant dans un alésage (11) ménagé dans une chemise (12) et aptes à dégager ou obturer des trous radiaux (9) communiquant avec ladite utilisation, la source de haute pression et l'échappement, l'un au moins des trous a une section non circulaire et adaptée pour que celle-ci augmente de manière progressive et régulière au fur et à mesure qu'il est dégagé par le pavé correspondant lors du déplacement du tiroir (6).18. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, the drawer comprising a rod (10) provided with blocks (P1, P2) sliding in a bore (11) formed in a jacket (12) and able to clear or seal radial holes (9) communicating with said use, the high pressure source and the exhaust, at least one of the holes has a non-circular section and adapted so that it increases progressively and regular as it is released by the corresponding block when the drawer (6) is moved.
19. Dispositif selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que ledit trou (9) a une section circulaire ou analogue (29) d'un côté et se termine en pointe (30) du côté opposé.19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that said hole (9) has a circular section or the like (29) on one side and ends in a point (30) on the opposite side.
20. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisé en ce que le (ou les) trou(s) débouche(nt) dans une gorge annulaire (G) ménagée à l'extérieur de la chemise (12) du tiroir (6) et/ou dans une gorge annulaire (G2) ménagée sur la paroi de l'alésage (11).20. Device according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the (or the) hole (s) opens (s) in an annular groove (G) formed outside the jacket (12) of the drawer (6) and / or in an annular groove (G2) formed on the wall of the bore (11).
21. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 20, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage (11) présente deux orifices (U1,U2), deux orifices communiquant avec l'échappement (E) et un orifice communiquant avec la source de haute pression (H), le nombre et la disposition des pavés étant tels que, lorsqu'une utilisation est reliée à l'échappement, l'autre soit reliée à la source de haute pression et vice-versa. 21. Device according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the bore (11) has two orifices (U1, U2), two orifices communicating with the exhaust (E) and an orifice communicating with the source high pressure (H), the number and arrangement of the blocks being such that, when one use is connected to the exhaust, the other is connected to the high pressure source and vice versa.
PCT/FR1995/000216 1994-02-24 1995-02-23 Direct drive valve WO1995023293A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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EP95910591A EP0695398A1 (en) 1994-02-24 1995-02-23 Direct drive valve
JP52217695A JPH08509538A (en) 1994-02-24 1995-02-23 Direct drive valve
US08/978,880 US6334462B1 (en) 1994-02-24 1995-02-23 Mechanically-controlled power transmission device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9402127A FR2716514B1 (en) 1994-02-24 1994-02-24 Mechanical control energy transmission device.
FR94/02127 1994-02-24

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WO1995023293A1 true WO1995023293A1 (en) 1995-08-31

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US6334462B1 (en) 2002-01-01
FR2716514B1 (en) 1996-04-05
JPH08509538A (en) 1996-10-08
EP0695398A1 (en) 1996-02-07
FR2716514A1 (en) 1995-08-25

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