Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
  • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
  • G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
  • G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
  • G09G5/399—Control of the bit-mapped memory using two or more bit-mapped memories, the operations of which are switched in time, e.g. ping-pong buffers
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
  • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
  • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
  • G09G5/06—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed using colour palettes, e.g. look-up tables
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
  • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
  • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
  • G09G5/026—Control of mixing and/or overlay of colours in general
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
  • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
  • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
  • G09G5/028—Circuits for converting colour display signals into monochrome display signals

Definitions

• This invention relates to video output architectures. Particularly, the invention relates to a video output architecture which is configurable between single and multiple channel modes.
• a video output architecture inputs digital data from a source and outputs one or more color or monochromatic ("mono") video signals.
• one video output architecture might be designed to input digital data from one source and output a single color video signal consisting of red, blue, and green signals.
• another video output architecture might be designed to input digital data from another source and output this data as two separate mono video signals.
• Such output architectures are typically embodied in the form of a "video card" which plugs into a slot in a video control box. Thus, if it is desired to output to different numbers or types of displays, one video card must be exchanged with another appropriate to that application.
• the invention overcomes the above-described disadvantages of the prior art by providing a reconfigurable video output architecture which can be configured to operate in single or multiple channel modes and output to various numbers of displays.
• the invention comprises input means for inputting digital video data, the input means having a single channel mode for inputting a single channel of digital video data and at least one multiple mode for inputting multiple channels of digital video data; a look-up table for converting the digital video data into shade values, the look-up table being configurable to convert the single channel of digital video data into shade values when the input means is in the single mode and to convert the multiple channels of digital video data into shade values when the input means is in the multiple mode; digital-to-analog conversion means for converting the shade values into analog signals; and output means for outputting at least one analog video signal.
• the reconfigurable video output includes a raster enhancement device configurable between a single channel mode and a multiple channel mode.
• the shade values are color values when the input means is in the single channel mode and the shade values are achromatic values when the input means is in the multiple channel mode.
• the input means when the input means is in the multiple channel mode the input means inputs two channels of digital video data and the output means outputs at least two analog mono video signals.
• the look-up table when the input means is in the multiple channel mode the look-up table is partitioned into two sections each loaded with achromatic values.
• the input means when the input means is in the multiple channel mode the input means inputs two channels of digital video data and the output means outputs at least one analog mono video signal and at least one analog color video signal.
• the look-up table when the input means is in the multiple channel mode the look-up table is partitioned into two sections, one of the sections being loaded with achromatic values and the other the section being loaded with color values.
• the input means when the input means is in the multiple channel mode the input means inputs three channels of digital video data and the output means outputs at least three analog mono video signals.
• the look-up table when the input means is in the multiple channel mode the look-up table is partitioned into three sections each loaded with achromatic values.
• the input means comprises a memory for temporarily storing the digital video data and a selector for selectively scanning the digital video data stored in the memory.
• the memory comprises at least two sub- memories, and wherein the digital video data is stored in one of the sub-memories while the selector scans digital video data stored in another of the sub-memories.
• even pages of the digital video data are stored in a first sub-memory and odd pages of the digital video data are stored in a second sub-memory; and wherein when the input means is in the multiple channel mode all pages of a first channel of digital video data are stored in the first sub-memory and all pages of a second channel of digital video data are stored in the second sub-memory.
• digital video data corresponding to a single video signal and digital overlay data are stored in the memory; and wherein the selector substitutes the overlay data for portions of the single video signal.
• the digital overlay data has a predetermined width and height, and wherein the selector increases at least one of the width and height of the digital overlay data when substituting for portions of the single video signal.
• the reconfigurable video output architecture comprises a memory for temporarily storing digital video data, the memory being configurable between a single channel mode.
• the digital video data comprises a single video channel and a double channel mode wherein the digital video data comprises a first and a second video channel.
• a selector is included for selectively reading the memory and a look-up table is provided for converting the digital video data into digital shade values, the look ⁇ up table being configurable between a single channel mode and a double channel mode.
• Digital-to-analog conversion means converts the digital shade values into analog shade values; and output means for outputting at least one analog video signal.
• the memory and the look-up table are further configurable to a triple channel mode.
• the look-up table when the memory and the look-up table are in the double channel mode the look-up table is partitioned into at least two sections, and the output means outputs at least two analog video signals.
• a first one of the sections contains color shade values and a second one of the sections contains mono shade values, and wherein the output means outputs a color video signal and a mono video signal.
• the look-up table when the memory and the look-up table are in the triple channel mode the look-up table is partitioned into at least three sections, and the output means outputs at least three analog video signals.
• the sections contain mono shade values, and wherein the output means outputs at least three mono video signals.
• Fig. la is a block diagram illustrating the reconfigurable video output architecture of the invention according to one embodiment
• Fig. lb is a timing diagram according to the embodiment of Fig. la.
• Fig. 2a is a flow chart illustrating a write/scan function of the invention;
• Fig. 2b is a flow chart illustrating a double draw function of the invention;
• Fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the invention configured in the single channel mode;
• Fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 3a configured in the double channel mode
• Fig. 4a is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the invention configured in the single channel mode
• Fig. 4b is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 4a configured in the double channel mode.
• Fig. 4c is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 4a configured in the triple channel mode.
• Fig. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the reconfigurable video output architecture of the invention.
• digital video data are stored or generated by two data sources 3 A, 3B. These two data sources may each output a different video channel or, in the alternative, one may supply a single video channel and the other may output overlay data such as characters to be superimposed on the video image.
• the reconfigurable video output architecture can be configured to output single or multiple video channels.
• the video output architecture 1 includes a memory 5 comprising ping memory 5 A and pong memory 5B, both of which accept data from both sources 3 A, 3B.
• the video data read into ping memory 5 A and pong memory 5B are scanned by a memory select 7 in accordance with the output of a master timer 9.
• the separate ping and pong memories 5A, 5B are provided so that one memory can be scanned while the other is being updated. For example, while the data in ping memory 5A is being scanned by memory select 7, pong memory 5B is being updated.
• one of the data sources 3 A, 3B is a video channel and the other contain /erlay data, data from both data sources is read into the pong memory during the updating procedure.
• each of the data sources represents a separate channel
• data from only one of the sources are read into the pong memory at a time. Then, during the vertical blanking period, the memory select 7 is switched to the pong memory under control of master timer 9 and the pong memory is scanned while the ping memory is updated.
• the output of memory select 7 is applied to a raster enhancement device 11 which functions to improve the appearance of characters overlaid on a video image.
• the operation of raster enhancement device 11 will be described in more detail below.
• the raster enhanced data is applied to a look-up table (LUT) 13 which has been pre ⁇ loaded with shade values.
• the shade values may be red, green, and blue color values if a conventional RGB video signal is to be output, achromatic values if one or more mono signals are to be output, or any combination thereof.
• the shade values are converted into analog values by D/A converter 15.
• the analog signals are then applied to an output circuit 17, which performs the necessary amplification and buffering functions to output one or more color or mono video signals. Any synchronization signals which are necessary for a desired video format are brought over from the master timer and inserted by the output circuit 17.
• memory select 7 generates a ping/pong select signal which allows one of the memories to be scanned while the other is being updated. Both the ping and pong memories are divided into even and odd pages for storing even and odd fields of data, respectively. Thus, memory select 7 also generates an even/odd select signal which alternates between the even and odd fields during each memory scan sequence. As shown in Fig. lb, the period between vertical blanking signals is typically
• a write/scan function in state ST1 the system waits until a 50 ms boundary is reached, and then initializes a variable "field" to zero (ST2).
• ST3 it is determined whether the ping/pong select signal is high or low, i.e., whether the ping or the pong memory will be scanned during this sequence (ST3). If the ping memory is to be scanned, the master timer is given access to the ping memory (ST4) and new data is written into the pong memory (ST5). If, on the other hand, the pong memory is selected, the master timer is given access to the pong memory (ST6), and new data is written into the ping memory (ST7).
• variables X and Y are initialized to zero (ST8). These variables correspond to the coordinates of a given pixel within the image, which in this embodiment comprises a grid of 512 x 256 pixels.
• ST9 it is determined whether the variable FIELD is even or odd. Because this variable was initialized to zero, the sequence proceeds to the even branch first.
• the master timer scans address (X,2Y), and then X is incremented by 1 in ST11. This loop continues until X reaches 512 in ST 12, at which time Y is incremented by 2 (ST 13) and X is re-initialized to zero
• step ST20 it is first determined whether a given data point d(x,y) being scanned is an overlay. If it is, this data point is output (ST21) and the procedure ends.
• data point d(x- 1 ,y) is examined to determine if it contains overlay data (ST22). If it does, the overlay data at that point is output and substituted for d(x,y) (ST23). If d(x-l,y) does not contain overlay data, point d(x.y-l) is examined (ST24) and the data therein is substituted for d(x,y) if it contains an overlay data (ST25). If it does not, point d(x-l,y-l) is examined, and if this point contains overlay data that value is output and substituted for d(x,y) (ST27).
• Fig. 3a is a block diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the invention configured in the single channel mode.
• Fig. 3b is a block diagram of the same embodiment configured in the double channel mod . This embodiment will be discussed in detail below.
• a single video channel is written into a memory 31 having a capacity of 512 x 512 x 8.
• the memory 31 corresponds to either the ping or pong memory 5 A, 5B of Fig. 1, but the use of the dual memories and the scanning therefrom described in detail above will be omitted from this description for the sake of simplicity.
• Memory 31 is divided internally into an odd page 31 A and an even page 3 IB, each of which is 512 x 256 x 8. The odd numbered scan lines of the video input are written to the odd page
• Data is read out of either the odd page 31 A or the even page 3 IB of memory 31 by data selector 33 via one of two 8-bit data buses.
• Selector 33 is switched between the even and odd pages under control of a select signal on line 35, which is generated by an external controller (not shown).
• selector 33 is applied to a raster enhancement circuit 37, which comprises a DQ flip-flop 39, a selector 41 controlled by a select signal applied on line 40, and a second DQ flip-flop 43.
• the output of raster enhancement circuit 37 is applied to a 256 x 24 look-up table (LUT) 45 which has been pre-loaded with red, green and blue (RGB) color data.
• LUT look-up table
• the LUT 45 outputs digital RGB values corresponding to the 8-bit data output by the raster enhancement device 37. These digital RGB values are applied to three separate digital to analog (D/A) converters 47 A, 47B, and 47C, which convert the values to analog RGB signals. The analog RGB signals are then amplified by three very high slew rate and high bandwidth amplifiers 49A, 49B, and 49C. Sync input lines 51, 53 are connected to the outputs of amplifiers 49B and 49C, respectively, to insert the necessary composite sync signals. In the single channel mode illustrated in Fig. 3 a, the sync insert on line 51 is off, while the sync insert on line 53, which is applied to the green channel, is turned on.
• Fig. 3b illustrates the embodiment of Fig. 3 a configured in the double channel mode.
• memory 31 is internally divided into two 512 x 512 x 4 sub-memories 31 C, 3 ID.
• the data are then read from these memories and applied to two identical parallel mono channels. These mono channels are produced by reconfiguring the components discussed above in the single channel mode to operate on two separate mono signals instead of a single color signal.
• data selector 33 has been partitioned into two data selectors 33 A, 33B which select from one of two 4-bit inputs depending upon selection signals applied on lines 35A, 35B.
• Raster enhancement circuit 37 has also been partitioned into two circuits 37A, 37B, each of which comprises a 4-bit DQ flip-flop 39A, 39B, a 4-bit selector 41 A, 41B, and another 4-bit DQ flip-flop 43A, 43B.
• the LUT 45 has been partitioned into a 256 x 8 section 45 A which is not used, a 16 x 8 section 45B which has been pre-loaded with monochromatic shade values, and a second 16 x 8 section 45 C loaded with monochromatic shade values.
• the outputs of sections 45B and 45C of the LUT are applied to D/A converters 47B, 47C, amplifiers 49B, 49C, and buffers 55B, 55C in the manner described above.
• a sync signal is inserted in each channel over lines
• D/A converter 47 A, amplifier 49 A, and buffer 55A are not used in this configuration.
• Figs. 4a, 4b, and 4c illustrate a second embodiment of the invention, which is configurable between single, double, and triple channel modes.
• Fig. 4a the embodiment is shown configured in the single channel mode.
• data from a single video channel are input to odd page 101a and even page 101b of memory 101.
• the odd page and even page memories are each 512 x 256 x 12.
• a data selector device 103 then reads data from one of the odd page and even page memories via one of two 12-bit data buses and applies the selected data to the input of a raster enhancement circuit 105.
• the operation of the raster enhancement circuit is analogous to that described with reference to Figs. 3a, 3b and will not be repeated here.
• the output of raster enhancement circuit 105 is applied to a LUT 107, which has been partitioned into a color LUT 107A (4K x 24) and a mono LUT 107B (4K x 8).
• Color LUT 107A generates digital color values which are applied via 8-bit data buses to the inputs of D/A converters 109 A, 109B, and 109C, respectively.
• the D/A converters convert the digital color values into analog signals, which are then applied to output circuits 111 A, 111 B, and l l lC.
• mono LUT 107B outputs mono data values via an 8-bit data bus to D/A converter 109D, which outputs an analog mono signal to output device 11 ID.
• Output devices 111 A-D include amplifier and buffer output circuits such as those described with reference to Figs. 3a and 3b, and insert any necessary sync signals as described above.
• the outputs of output devices 111 A, 11 IB, and 111C comprise the red, blue, and green components of a conventional RGB color video signal.
• the output of 11 ID corresponds to a mono version of the same picture.
• Fig. 4b illustrates the embodiment of Fig. 4a configured in the double channel mode.
• memory 101 is partitioned into three sections, an odd page 101C, an even page 10 ID, and a frame page 10 IE.
• a first video channel is applied to the odd and even pages, and a second video channel is applied to the frame page.
• the data stored in pages 101C, 101D, and 10 IE are selected by data selector 103 (partitioned into selectors 103 A, 103B) and applied to raster enhancement device 105, which has been partitioned into an 8-bit section 105 A and a 4-bit section 105B.
• the output of raster enhancement circuit 105 is applied to color LUT 107 which is partitioned into a color LUT 107C (256 x 24) and a mono LUT 107D (16 x 8).
• the outputs of the LUT 107 are then applied to D/A converters 109A-109D and output circuits 111 A-l 1 ID in the manner described above.
• the mono output from output circuit 11 ID corresponds to a different video channel than the composite color video signal output from output circuits 111 A-l 1 lC.
• Fig. 4c illustrates the embodiment of Figs. 4a and 4b configured in the triple channel mode.
• memory 101 has been partitioned into three frame pages 101F-101H.
• the frame pages are read by data selector 103 (partitioned into three 4-bit selectors 103C, 103D, 103E) via three 4-bit data buses, and the outputs thereof are applied to raster enhancement device 105, which has been partitioned into three 4-bit sections 105C, 105D, and 105E.
• the outputs of raster enhancement device 105 are applied to LUT 107, which has been partitioned into four 16 x 8 mono LUT 107E,

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
• Processing Of Color Television Signals (AREA)
• Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
• Studio Circuits (AREA)

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Citations (3)

• 1994
  • 1994-12-14 JP JP7518505A patent/JPH09507310A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-12-14 CA CA002180458A patent/CA2180458A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-12-14 EP EP95907234A patent/EP0804782A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-12-14 WO PCT/US1994/014673 patent/WO1995019029A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-12-21 IL IL112093A patent/IL112093A/en not_active IP Right Cessation

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