WO1995017559A1 - Ossature de voute - Google Patents

Ossature de voute Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995017559A1
WO1995017559A1 PCT/CN1994/000104 CN9400104W WO9517559A1 WO 1995017559 A1 WO1995017559 A1 WO 1995017559A1 CN 9400104 W CN9400104 W CN 9400104W WO 9517559 A1 WO9517559 A1 WO 9517559A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
curved
rods
double
bow
shaped
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN1994/000104
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Zhiwei Liu
Original Assignee
Zhiwei Liu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhiwei Liu filed Critical Zhiwei Liu
Priority to AU12711/95A priority Critical patent/AU694942B2/en
Priority to EP95903748A priority patent/EP0736638B1/en
Priority to JP51707895A priority patent/JP3640258B2/ja
Priority to CA002179781A priority patent/CA2179781C/en
Priority to DE69430262T priority patent/DE69430262T2/de
Priority to RU96115173A priority patent/RU2139395C1/ru
Priority to US08/666,355 priority patent/US5867948A/en
Priority to AT95903748T priority patent/ATE215157T1/de
Publication of WO1995017559A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995017559A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B1/3205—Structures with a longitudinal horizontal axis, e.g. cylindrical or prismatic structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
    • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
    • E04B2001/3241—Frame connection details
    • E04B2001/3247—Nodes

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a building knot, in particular to a curved net-shaped bow-shaped bracket structure which is shaped in the form of plugging and hanging.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a bow-type support structure which can be widely used in various construction fields.
  • the bow frame structure can be quickly assembled or disassembled.
  • the assembly or disassembly can be realized only by inserting, pulling, hanging, and removing the structural parts.
  • the components that make up this structure have few varieties, uniform standards, simple structure and technology, and can be mechanized to repeat large-scale production.
  • the bow-type bracket structure can be used to construct various permanent buildings and detachable buildings in a fixed combination manner. The construction process does not require scaffolding and large lifting equipment.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a combined method of the bow-type bracket structure that does not require aerial work.
  • the structural parts constituting the bow-type bracket structure include a curved rod, a straight rod, a tension bar, a chord bar, a double curved bar piece, a "mouth" -shaped plug connector, a cross universal plug connector, and a semi-circular multi-pair.
  • Plug connectors and cross plug connectors, T-shaped plug connectors, and right-angle plug connectors collectively referred to as plug connectors.
  • Straight rods, ribs or chords are used as universal parts. Equipped with curved rods or double curved rod pieces, the corresponding mating connectors are used, and the connection method of plug and hook is used to form a single layer of curved grid.
  • Type, double-layer type, single-double type, and spherical grid-shaped single-layer type arch support structure The single-layer type, double-layer type, or single-double-layer mixed type arch bracket structure can be used as the main body of the building, and the spherical single-layer arch bracket structure can be used as the plugging of the main structure. Facade gable type. The main body and the plug are connected by an attachment.
  • the knotted pieces of the single-layer bow-type bracket structure each include a number of pieces of curved rods, straight rods, draw bars, chord bars, and cross plug connectors, right-angle plug connectors, and T-shaped plug connectors collectively called butt joints.
  • Each pair of plug connectors in the structure is inserted with a straight rod and a curved rod, and there are tension bars and chord bars.
  • Several curved rods are curvedly connected through several pairs of plug connectors to form an arc frame.
  • a plurality of string tendons connect the arc-shaped frame formed by the curved rods through a butt joint.
  • Several arc-shaped frames that are parallel to each other and have the same projection plane are longitudinally connected together by Ruoqian straight rods through butt joints. Where straight rods connected together form a truss, there are several trusses, which are connected in parallel with each other and all solitary frames orthogonally to each other.
  • solitary frame and solitary frame, solitary frame and truss, truss and truss are connected to form a curved network.
  • the whole of the arch-type support structure is formed by a plurality of cells with a rectangular grid.
  • Each quadrangular sheet does not contain four mating connectors, two; f straight rods and two curved rods.
  • the four butt joints form the four corners of a quadrangle.
  • the curved rod and the straight rod are orthogonally inserted on the butt joint to form adjacent edges.
  • Each of the two diagonal lines of the quadrangular shape is provided with a rib.
  • Each end of the draw bar is connected with a butt joint.
  • Each of the two quadrilaterals connected in the horizontal direction is provided with a chord bar at the position of the chord line formed by the farthest ends of the two curved rods, and each end of the arc bar is connected with a butt joint.
  • the two curved rods and a string tendon form a bow frame.
  • Each pair of plug-in joints in the arc-shaped frame is connected with two chord tendons, and two adjacent solitary tendons cross each other.
  • the crossed arc bars make the force of each curved rod in the string frame equal.
  • a number of quadrangular elements are continuously expanded laterally to form a small piece of integral arched bracket structure with a certain span.
  • a plurality of quadrilateral units are continuously extended along the longitudinal direction of the solitary frame to form an integral bow-type bracket structure with a certain length and span.
  • An intersection of four quadrangular single non-center positions in the bow-type bracket structure is formed by a cross butt joint.
  • the junction of two quadrangular elements at the edge of the entire structure is composed of a T-shaped butt joint.
  • the quadrangular single edge of the four corners of the overall structure is composed of a right-angle butt joint.
  • Each arc frame in the bow-type support structure is all vertically connected to the truss, and each truss is also vertically connected to the solitary frame at the same time.
  • Another single-layer bow-type bracket structure is formed by several pieces of curved rods, straight rods, tension bars, chords, T-shaped butt joints, right-angle butt joints, cross universal joints and semi-circular multi-head butt joints. Structure.
  • a straight rod and a curved rod are connected to each pair of plug connectors in the knotting piece, and a pull bar and a string bar are connected to the guinea pig.
  • the semi-circular multi-head mating connector only plugs into the crank.
  • a plurality of curved rods are curvedly connected through a plurality of cross universal joint connectors to form an arc frame.
  • Ruo Qianxian tendons connect the fox-shaped frame formed by the bending of the connecting rods by connecting with several pairs of plug connectors.
  • the whole is formed by several quadrilateral elements and triangles that form a grid. There is only one row of triangular elements, and it is placed between the semi-circular multi-head mating connector and the adjacent row of ⁇ edge elements.
  • the triangle unit contains a straight rod, two curved rods, two mating connectors, two plugs of a semi-circular multi-head mating connector, two chord bars and two pull bars.
  • Each quadrilateral unit contains four mating connectors, two curved rods and two straight rods. The four mating connectors form the four corners of a quadrilateral.
  • the curved rod and the straight rod are orthogonally inserted on the butt joint to form adjacent edges.
  • Each of the two diagonal positions of the quadrilateral is provided with a draw bar, and each end of the draw bar is connected with a butt joint. Any two adjacent quadrilaterals in the transverse direction are not at the position of the chord line formed by the farthest ends of the two curved rods.
  • Two curved rods and a string tendon form a bow frame.
  • the solitary frame is composed of Ruoqian bow frame. Where two adjacent chords on the arc frame cross each other.
  • the double-layered arc frame that is parallel and has the same projection surface is longitudinally connected by a plurality of two straight rods in a group through a "mouth" -shaped butt joint. Any straight rods connected together in groups form a double Stranded trusses. Thousands of double-stranded trusses are connected parallel to each other and several arc-shaped frames are orthogonal to each other. Several ribs connect the double-layered orthogonal frame and the double-layered orthogonal frame through the "mouth" -shaped butt joints. Frame and double-strand truss, double-strand truss and double-strand truss are connected to form a curved net-like whole. The whole is composed of six The faceted body is not formed.
  • Each hexahedron unit contains four "mouth” shaped mating joints, four pieces of 3 curved rods and four straight rods.
  • Two "mouth” shaped mating connectors and two double curved rods Inserted to form a section of rectangular curved column.
  • Two sets of two straight rods are orthogonally connected to the "mouth” -shaped butt joints at the ends of the two curved columns, and are adjacent to the two adjacent pieces.
  • Each pair of diagonal positions of each rectangular frame is provided with a draw bar.
  • the same ends of the ribs in the two rectangular frames are connected to the same "mouth” shaped plug connector.
  • at least one chord bar is provided at each of the two upper and lower chord lines at the farthest ends of the hyperbolic rod extension of two adjacent hexahedrons.
  • the same ends of the upper and lower chord bars are connected to the same "mouth”
  • the butt joint is hooked.
  • Two curved columns are connected with the upper and lower chords to form a double-layer bow frame.
  • the double arc frame is composed of several double arch frames. Where two adjacent chords on the solitary frame cross each other.
  • the four hexahedrons connected to each other in the double-layer bow-type support structure are formed by a "mouth", a shaped butt joint at the center of the connection, and are each a component of the four hexahedrons.
  • the mating plug connector in the bow-type bracket structure has a straight rod plug, a curved rod plug, a tendon ear and a string tendon ear.
  • Straight rod plugs are straight and curved rod plugs are curved.
  • Each corner of the intersection formed by the straight pole plug and the curved pole plug is provided with a rib ear, that is, there are four rib ears on the cross butt joint, and two rib ears on the T-shaped butt joint.
  • Each mating connector is provided with a string ear.
  • the chord tendons have two chord tendons connected to each other. That is, two string tendons can be connected to each string tendon at the same time.
  • the bow-type bracket is connected with a straight rod, a curved rod and a mating connector in a plugging manner, and the straight rod, a curved rod and the mating connector can be mutually coupled.
  • the semi-circular multi-head mating connector is composed of a semi-circular disc, several curved rod plugs, several string-shaped ears, and several draw-belt ears.
  • Several curved lever plugs with the same down-curved angle are evenly distributed at the semi-disc curve.
  • Each corner of the crank rod plug and the semi-circular disc is provided with a ribbed ear.
  • a chord tendon is provided at the lower part of the bending direction of each bent lever plug.
  • the cross universal joint has two corresponding curved lever plugs and two corresponding ball-type rotary plugs. Each angle formed by the intersection of the rotary plug and the curved plug has a ribbed lug.
  • One string tendon ear is placed on the butt joint, and there are two string tendon connection positions on the string tendon ear.
  • the "mouth" -shaped mating joint is composed of four rods a, b, c, and d, and has a flat rectangular shape. Each end of the parallel rods a and c has a straight rod plug coaxial with the rod. The two straight plugs on the same pole are facing in opposite directions. There are two connecting members perpendicular to the rectangular surface on the outer surface of each of the rods a and c, and each connecting member is composed of two curved piece plugs with opposite directions. In order to make the double-curved rod piece and the "mouth" -shaped butt joint universal, the two connectors on each rod are equally spaced. There are at least one chord tendon ears on the same side of the a and c rods. Each string tendon has two string tendons Connection location. The string tendon ears can simultaneously hang two string tendons in different directions. Each right-angle plug on the "mouth" -shaped mating connector is provided with a ribbed lug at each corner formed orthogonally to the curved-plate plug.
  • the hyperbolic lever is made up of two curved levers with concentric circles and different bending radii.
  • the hyperbolic rod is planar and has two insertion points at each end.
  • the insertion points of the straight pole and the double curved pole piece and the plug of the "mouth" -shaped mating connector are mutually mating coupling pairs, and the center distance between the two insertion points of the ends of the double curved pole piece is opposite to the "mouth” shape.
  • the center distances of the connectors on the plug connector are equal. :
  • the single-layer bow-type bracket structure and the double-layer bow-type bracket structure of the present invention each have two combined methods.
  • a combined method of the single-layer bow-type bracket structure is as follows: first, two curved rods are inserted into a ten-pair pair of joints to form a bow-type frame. Then use Ruoqian pole ⁇ Ruoqian bow frame to connect them longitudinally to form two rows of sheds with a number of quadrangular elements and the longitudinal length of the bow frame structure.
  • Another combination method of the single-layer bow-type bracket structure is: First, connect two reinforced straight rods with two angle mating connectors and Ruoqiang T-type mating connectors to form a bow-type bracket, and the side of the longitudinal length of the pedestal is grounded. 3 ⁇ 4
  • the above-mentioned mating connectors are all connected to curved rods, and all the curved rods are connected by a plurality of straight rods through a plurality of ten-shaped mating connectors to form a row of quadrangular units connected in a row by the length of the bow-shaped bracket structure.
  • the quadrangular form is connected to the pull bar and chord bar.
  • a combined method of the double-layer bow-type bracket structure is as follows: Firstly, a double-layer bow-type frame is formed by four double-curved rod pieces with three "mouth" -shaped butt joints. If two straight rods in a group are used to connect thousands of double-layer bow-shaped racks in a longitudinal direction, a row of sheds with two hexahedron-shaped bow-shaped support structures formed in two rows is formed. Use the lifting device to raise one side of this shed. When the height reaches the height of the double curved pole piece, then each double-layer bow-shaped frame passes through the "mouth", and the butt joints are connected to the double curved pole piece, and the other ends of these double curved pole pieces are also inserted.
  • the "mouth”, shaped butt joints are connected by several sets of straight rods. These "mouth” shaped butt joints are connected to form a row of hexahedral units in the longitudinal direction. At the same time as the hexahedron unit is formed, the tension bars and chord bars are connected. At this point, one side of the shed item is dropped, the other side is raised, and the double-curved pole piece, the straight pole and the "mouth” -shaped butt joint are connected again in the manner described above, and then a row of hexahedrons are formed.
  • a main body of a double-layer bow-shaped support structure can be gradually raised from the shed item to the two landing ends of the arch-type support structure.
  • Another combination method of the double-layer bow-type bracket structure is to first connect several reinforcing straight rods with a plurality of "mouth" -shaped mating connectors to form the ground-side end of the longitudinal length of the bow-type bracket structure. Then the above-mentioned "mouth" -shaped plug connector is connected with a plurality of two straight rods in a group to connect the hyperbolic rod pieces, so as to form a plurality of connected rows of hexahedrons in the longitudinal length. The hexahedron form is not formed at the same time, and it is connected with the ribs and chords.
  • the lifting device item to lift the hexahedron without a straight rod side, so that it can be raised until it can be inserted into the double curved rod piece.
  • Re-use the ascending device ⁇ The newly formed hexahedron single topless can reach the height of the double curved pole piece, and a row of hexahedral elements is formed again through the "mouth" shaped mating connector and the double curved pole piece.
  • the invention has simple and reasonable structure, convenient disassembly, strong general interchangeability of parts, and reduced construction materials during construction. Mechanized production of components. After the bow-type bracket structure needs to be removed, the components can be reused, which reduces the engineering cost. Twenty people can construct a tennis court building structure with an arch-supported structure of 1300 square meters in 5 days without using a hand scaffold and large lifting equipment. The use of cross chord bars and cross pull bars in the structure greatly increases the free space and bearing capacity of the structure. The bow-type bracket structure is completed under a brand-new design idea, which impacts the traditional architectural design and opens up the high-altitude operation in the construction field. New form.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an aircraft hangar with the present bow-type bracket structure.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic sketch of the hangar.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a single-layer bow-type bracket cut through the hangar B-B.
  • FIG. 4 is a main schematic diagram of a double-arch structure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the double-layer type in section A-A.
  • Fig. 6 is a main view of a cross butt joint.
  • Fig. 7 is a side view of a cross butt joint.
  • Fig. 8 is a front view of a T-shaped butt joint.
  • Fig. 9 is a side view of a T-shaped butt joint.
  • Figure 10 is a main view of a right-angle mating connector.
  • Fig. 11 is a side view of a right-angle mating connector.
  • Fig. 12 is a structural diagram of a cross universal joint.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a semi-circular multi-head butt plug connector.
  • Figure 14 is a front view of the "mouth" -shaped mating connector.
  • Fig. 15 is a side view of a "mouth" shaped prayer joint.
  • Fig. 16 is a sectional view of a "mouth" -shaped mating connector D-D.
  • Fig. 17 is a front view of a hyperbolic lever piece.
  • Fig. 18 is a side view of a hyperbolic lever piece.
  • FIG. 19 is a three-dimensional partial schematic view of a single-dual hybrid bow-type stent knot.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show an arched bracket structure for an hangar.
  • Figures 6 to 18 show the ⁇ components except for the straight rod, curved rod, draw bar and chord bar.
  • Figure 19 shows the structure of a single and double hybrid arch bracket.
  • the hangar has two parts: the main body and the plug.
  • the inventor completed the main body with a curved single-dual hybrid bow-type bracket structure, and completed the plug with a spherical single layer. There are two main breaks and two blockades.
  • the main frame is composed of a straight rod (16), a curved rod (14), a double curved rod piece (20), a cross plug connector (6), a T-shaped plug connector (8), a right-angle plug connector (7), and a "mouth" shape.
  • the ends of the double curved pole piece (20), the straight pole (16) and the curved pole (13) have sockets.
  • the T-shaped butt joint (8), the right-angle butt joint (7), and the cross butt joint (6) all have a straight rod plug (22) and a curved rod plug (23). Each corner formed by the intersection of the straight rod plug (22) and the curved rod plug (23) is provided with a rib ear (14).
  • the string tendon ears (15) are connected with two string tendons (11).
  • the "mouth" -shaped butt joint (21) is welded by four square rods a, b, c, and d. It is a flat rectangle.
  • a straight rod plug (22) coaxial with the component is welded to each end of the a and c rods.
  • the two straight pole plugs (22) on the same pole are facing in opposite directions.
  • Two connecting members (24) that are perpendicular to the rectangular plane of the "mouth" -shaped mating connector (21) are welded on the outer surfaces of the rods a and c respectively.
  • Each connecting piece (24) is composed of two curved-plug plugs (25) with opposite directions.
  • the two connecting members (24) on the "a” and “c” members of all "mouth” shaped plug connectors (21) are equally spaced.
  • the string tendon ears (15) are placed on the same side of the rods a and c.
  • a chord tendon lug (15) is welded on the outside surface of the a member, and two chord tendon lugs (15) are welded on the inside surface of the c member.
  • the chord tendons (15) are in the same position on each type of mating connector.
  • Each string tendon ear (15) has two positions for connecting the string tendon (11).
  • each straight-angle plug (22) on the "mouth" -shaped mating connector (21) and a bent-shaped plug (25) are orthogonally provided with a ribbed lug (14) at each corner.
  • the double curved rod piece (20) is formed by welding two curved rods with concentric circles, different bending radii and three connecting rods.
  • the double-layered bow-type bracket structure is composed of a double curved rod piece (20), a "mouth” -shaped butt joint (21), a straight rod (16), a reinforced straight rod (1 7 ), a draw bar (9), and a chord bar ( 11) Composition.
  • a plurality of "mouth” -shaped butt joints (21) are connected in a vertical direction by a reinforcing straight rod (17) through a straight rod plug (22) into a side bottom of a tennis hall.
  • All the "mouth” shaped mating connectors (21) on this side bottom are inserted into the double curved lever piece (20) in the horizontal direction, and then all the The hyperbolic bars (20) are connected.
  • the closure of the tennis hall is of facade type. It can only be completed by continuous plugging and hooking of the straight rod (16), drawbar (9) and "mouth” shaped mating connector (21) in the horizontal and vertical directions.
  • the present invention provides in the description of the completion of the solution and the examples firstly an arc-shaped bracket at one end and then extended longitudinally; or an arched stent structure and then extended to both sides; or an arched stent structure longitudinally Three combined methods that extend one side of the length to the other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Patch Boards (AREA)

Description

弓式支架结构
技术领域
一种建筑结枸，特别是一种以插接和挂接方式形威的曲面网状弓 式支架结构。
背景技术
建筑大跨度、大履盖面的场馆，现代技术多采用空间网架结构。采 用该技术其建筑物的设计和施工都比较复杂，零件制造精度高，原材料 消耗量大，工期长，工程造价昂贵，施工时必须采用手脚架和大型起吊 设备。 另外， 用该技术建设的建筑物建成后只能永久固定一处，不能 因需要而随意拆迁。 再有该技术适用范围窄，一般只用于房屋建筑。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于给出一种能广泛应用于各种建筑领域的弓式支 架结构。 该弓式架结构能快速組建或拆卸。 組建或拆卸只需对结构件 进行插、拔、挂、摘即可实现。組成该结构的零件品种少，标准统一，结 构和工艺簡单，能够机械化重复大生产。本弓式支架结构以一种固定的 结合方式既可建起各类永久建筑， 又可建成能拆卸的建筑，其施工过 程不需要手脚架和大型起吊设备。
本发明的另一个目的在于给出弓式支架结构的不需要高空作业的 组合方法。
本发明的目的是可以实现的。其实现方式是构成弓式支架结构的 結构件中含有曲杆、 直杆、拉筋、弦筋、双曲杆片、"口"形对插接头、十 字万向对插接头、半圆多项对插接头和统称为对插接头的十字对插接 头、 丁字对插接头、直角对插接头。 以直杆、拉筋或弦筋做为通用件， 配备曲杆或双曲杆片，逸用相应的对插接头，用插接和挂接的连接方 式， 印可組建起曲面网格状单层型、双层型、单双混合型， 以及球面网 格状单层型的弓式支架结构。 或单层型、或双层型、或单双层混合型的 弓式支架结构可作为建筑物的主体，而球面单层型弓式支架結构可做 为主体结构的封堵，封堵还有立面山墙型。 主体和封堵由附件连接。 单层弓式支架结构的结枸件中含有各是若干件的曲杆、直杆、拉 筋、 弦筋和统称为对插接头的十字对插接头、直角对插接头、丁字对插 接头。结构中每个对插接头上都插接有直杆和曲杆，挂接有拉筋和弦 筋。 若干曲杆通过若干对插接头曲线插接形成弧形架。 若干弦筋通过 对插接头将由曲杆插接形成的弧形架连成一体。 若干相互平行且具有 同一个投影面的弧形架通过对插接头由若千直杆纵向连接在一起。 凡 直线连接在一起的直杆构成桁架，桁架有若干，且相互平行地与全部孤 形架相互正交地相连。通过若千拉筋 ^孤形架与孤形架，孤形架与桁 架，桁架与桁架连结成曲面网状整体。弓式支架结构的整体由若干网格 为四边形的单元形成。 每个四边形单无含有四个对插接头、两; f艮直杆 和两根曲杆。 四个对插接头形成四边形的四个角。 曲杆与直杆正交插 接在对插接头上形成邻边。 四边形单无的两个对角线位置各设一根拉 筋。 拉筋的每一端与一个对插接头挂接。 凡是横向上相连的两个四边 形单无在两根曲杆相距最远端形成的弦线位置设有一根弦筋，弧筋的 每一端与一个对插接头挂接。凡两拫曲杆与一根弦筋构成一个弓式架。 狐形架中有若千个弓式架。弧形架中每个对插接头上挂接两根弦筋，凡 相邻的两根孤筋互为交叉。交叉的弧筋使弦形架中每根曲杆受力均等。 若干四边形单元横向连续扩展，形成具有一定跨度的一小片整体弓式 支架结构。根据长度需要，将若干四边形单元沿孤形架纵向连续扩展即 构成具有一定长度和跨度的整体弓式支架结构。 弓式支架结构中相互 连接的四个四边形单无中心位置交结处由一个十字对插接头枸成。 整 休结构边缘处两个四边形单无的交结处由一个丁字对插接头构成。 整 体结构的四个边角的四边形单无的边缘角由一个直角对插接头构成。 弓式支架结构中每个弧形架都全部与桁架垂直连接，每根桁架也同时 都全部与孤形架垂直连接。
另一种单层弓式支架结构由各是若干件的曲杆、直杆、拉筋、弦筋、 丁字对插接头、直角对插接头、十字万向对插接头和半圆多头对插接头 形成结构件。结枸件中每个对插接头上都插接有直杆和曲杆，桂接有 拉筋和弦筋。 半圆多头对插接头只插接曲杆。 若干曲杆通过若干十字 万向对插接头曲线插接形成弧形架。若千弦筋通过与若干对插接头的 挂接将由曲杆插接形成的狐形架连成一体。 孤形架有若干。弧形架上 端都汇交在处于棚项部的 个半圆多头对插接头上。 直杆通过狐形架 上的十字万向对插 · ^头与弧形架连接。 直杆与 杆于水平方向上线性 相连形成桁架、桁架有若千，每个桁架都为多棱曲线形。若干拉筋通过 若千对插接头将孤形架与弧形架，弧形架与桁架，桁架与桁架连结成约
1/4球面形网状整体。
整体由若干个形成网格的四边形单元和三角形单无形成。 三角形 单元只有一排，且置于半圆多头对插接头和相邻的一排 ^边形单元之 间。三角形单元中含有一根直杆、二根曲杆、二个对插接头、半圆多头对 插接头的两个插头、二根弦筋和二根拉筋。 每个四边形单元中含有四 个对插接头、两根曲杆和两根直杆。 四个对插接头形成四边形的四个 角。 曲杆与直杆正交插接在对插接头上形成邻边。 四边形的两个对角 线位置各设一根拉筋，拉筋的每一端与一个对插接头挂接。 凡是橫向 上相邻的两个四边形单无于两根曲杆最远端形成的弦线位置 ¾有一根 弦筋，弦筋的每一端与一个对插接头挂接。 两根曲杆与一根弦筋构成 一个弓式架。 孤形架由若千弓式架組成。 弧形架上凡相邻的两根弦筋 互为交叉。
采用若千直杆、拉筋、弦筋做通用件，另配以若干"口，，形对插接头 和双曲杆片以插接和挂接方式組装的曲面网格状双层弓式支架结枸， 结构中每个"口"形对插接头上都插接有双曲杆片和直杆，挂接有拉筋 和弦筋。 若干双曲杆片通过与若干 "口"形对插接头的插接形成截面为 矩形的双脊双层孤形架。 若干根弦筋通过 "口 "形对插接头将由双曲杆 片插接形成的双层孤形 架连成一体。若干个相互平行且具有同一个 投影面的双层弧形架通过"口"形对插接头由若干两根为一組的直杆纵 向连接在一起。凡是成組地以直线连接在一起的直杆构成双股桁架。 若千双股桁架相互平行地与若干弧形架相互正交地相连。 若干拉筋通 过"口"形对插接头将双层孤形架与双层孤形架，双层孤形架与双股桁 架，双股桁架与双股桁架连接成曲面网状整体。整体是由若千个形成网 格的六面体单无形成。每个六面体单元中含有四个"口"形对插接头、 四片 3又曲杆片和四根直杆。 两个"口 "形对插接头与两片双曲杆片插接 形成一段截面为矩形的曲柱。 两根为一組的两組直杆正交插接在两个 曲柱各自端头的 "口 "形对插接头上。 并与相邻的两片双曲杆片形成上
替换页（细则第 20余 下曲面相互平行的两个矩形框。 每个矩形框的两組对角线位置各设一 根拉筋。两个矩形框中拉筋的相同端与同一个"口"形对插接头挂接。横 向上凡相邻的两个六面体在双曲杆片延伸方向最远端的上、下两个弦 线位置各设至少一根弦筋，上、下弦筋的同一端各与同一个 "口 "形对 插接头挂接。两个曲柱与上、下弦筋连接构成一个双层弓式架。双层弧 形架由若干双层弓式架組成。孤形架上凡相邻的两根弦筋互为交叉。双 层弓式支架结构中相互连接的四个六面体其中心相连处由一个 "口，，形 对插接头构成，且分别是四个六面体各自组成部分。
弓式支架结构中所述对插接头上具有直杆插头、曲杆插头、拉筋接 耳和弦筋接耳。直杆插头为平直形，曲杆插头为弯曲形。在直杆插头和 曲杆插头相交形成的每个交角部位都置有一个拉筋接耳， 即十字对插 接头上有四个拉筋接耳，丁字对插接头上有两个拉筋接耳，直角对插接 头上有一个拉筋接耳。每种对插接头上都置有一个弦筋接耳。 弦筋接 耳上有两根弦筋的连接位置。 也就是每个弦筋接耳上可同时挂接两根 弦筋。
本弓式支架结枸中直杆、 曲杆与对插接头以插接方式连接，直杆、 曲杆与对插接头可互成偶接副。
半圆多头对插接头由一个半圆盘、若干个曲杆插头、若干个弦筋接 耳和若干拉筋接耳組成。 具有相同下弯角的若干曲杆插头在半圆盘曲 线处均布。曲杆插头与半圆盘形成的每个交角处都置有一个拉筋接耳。 在每个曲杆插头弯曲方向的下部都具有一个弦筋接耳。
十字万向对插接头上有对应的两个曲杆插头和对应的两个球头式 转动插头。 转动插头和曲杆插头相交形成的每一个交角处置有一个拉 筋接耳。 一个弦筋接耳置于对插接头上，弦筋接耳上有两个弦筋的连 接位置。
"口"形对插接头由 a、b、c、d四根杆件組成，呈平面矩形。其平行的 a、c杆件每端都有一个与该杆件同轴线的直杆插头。 同杆件上的两个 直杆插头方向相反。 a、c杆件的外侧面上各有与矩形面垂直的两个连 接件，每个连接件由方向相反的两个曲片插头构成。为使双曲杆片与" 口"形对插接头有通用性，每个杆件上的两个连接件间距相等。 a、c杆 件的同一侧上各有至少一个弦筋接耳。 每个弦筋接耳上有两个弦筋的 连接位置。 弦筋接耳可同时挂接不同方向的两根弦筋。 "口"形对插接 头上的每个直角插头与曲片插头正交形成的每个交角处都有一个拉筋 接耳。
双曲杆片由具有同圆心， 不同弯曲半径的两稂曲杆和若千连杆构 成。 双曲杆片为平面状，两端各有两个插点。 直杆、双曲杆片的插点与 "口 "形对插接头的插头成互为插接的偶接副，且双曲杆片端头的两个 插点的中心距与"口"形对插接头上的连接件中心距相等。 ：
本发明的单层弓式支架结构和双层弓式支架结构各有两种組合方 法。其单层弓式支架结构的一种組合方法为：首先在一个十芋对插接 头上插接两根曲杆， 构成一个弓式架。 再用若千 杆^若千弓式架纵 向连接起来，构成两排具有若干四边形单无的且为弓式支架结构纵向 长度的棚项。 用升项装置升起这个棚项的一侧，并使高度达到能插接 曲杆时止，然后将每个弓式架通过对插接头都插接上曲杆，并通过直杆 将所有插接好的曲杆再次连接起来， 即在纵向上又一次形成一排四 边形单元。四边形单元形成的同时即挂接好拉筋和弦筋。 此时落下棚 顶的这一侧，升起另一侧。 以上述方式再次连接曲杆、直杆和十字对插 接头，也形成一排四边形单无。 如此反复在棚项两侧操作， 即可由弓 式支架结构棚顶端至两个着地端逐渐升起一个单层弓式支架结构的主 体。
单层弓式支架结构的另一种組合方法为： 首先用两个 角对插接 头和若千丁字对插接头将若干加强直杆连接成弓式支架结枸纵向长度 的一侧着地端，再 ¾上述对插接头都插接上曲杆，并通过若干十芋对插 接头用若干直杆把曲杆全部连接起来，形成弓式支架结构纵向长度的 若千相连的一排四边形单元。 四边形单无形成的同时即挂接拉筋和弦 筋。之后用升项装置项起四边形单元直杆边，使之升高到能插接曲杆 时止。再次插接曲杆，并由若千直杆通过十字对插接头纵向将曲杆连 接， 又一次形成一排四边形单元。 并重新用升项装置将新形成的四 ¾ 形单元项起到能插接曲杆时止。 再次通过 +字对插接头和曲杆的插接 形成一排四边形单无。这样反复循环操作，使四边形单元沿横向连续 扩展， 即可由弓式支架结构的一侧着地端经过棚顶至另一侧着地端逐 渐拱起一个单层弓式支架结枸的主体。 双层弓式支架结构的一种組合方法为： 首先用三个"口"形对插接 头通过四片双曲杆片构成一个双层弓式架。 用两根为一組的直杆将若 千个双层弓式架纵向连接，枸成两排具有若干六面体单无形成的弓式 支架结构纵向长度的棚项。 用升项装置升起这个棚项的一侧。 当高度 达到能插接双曲杆片时， 则 ^每个双层弓式架通过"口，，形对插接头 都插接上双曲杆片，把这些双曲杆片另一端也插接上" 口，，形对插接 头，并由若干組直杆^这些"口"形对插接头连接， 即在纵向上又形成 一排六面体单元。 六面体单元形成的同时即挂接好拉筋和弦筋。 此时 落下棚项的这一侧，升起另一侧，并以上述方式再次连接双曲杆片、直 杆和"口"形对插接头，再形成一排六面体单无。如此反复在棚项两侧操 作即可由弓式支架结构棚项端至两个着地端逐渐升起一个双层弓式支 架结构的主体。
双层弓式支架结构的又一种組合方法是首先用若干"口"形对插接 头将若干加强直杆连接成弓式支架结构纵向长度的一侧着地端。 再将 上述"口"形对插接头用若干两根为一组的直杆把双曲杆片全部连接起 来，使之在纵向长度形成若干相连的一排六面体单无。 六面体单无形 成的同时即挂接拉筋和弦筋。之后用升顶装置项起六面体单无直杆边， 使之升高到能插接双曲杆片为止。再次插接双曲杆片，并由若干組直杆 通过"口"形对插接头纵向^双曲杆片连接，则又一次形成一排六面体 单元。 重新用升项装置^新形成的六面体单无顶起到能插接双曲杆片 高度止，通过"口"形对插接头和双曲杆片的插接再次形成一排六面体 单元。这样反复循环操作，使六面体单元不断沿横向扩展， 即可由弓 式支架结构一侧着地端经过棚项至另一侧着地端逐渐拱起一个双层弓 式支架结构主体。
本发明结构简单合理、拆卸方便、零件通用互换性强、施工中減少 建筑用材。 零組件机械化生产。 弓式支架结构因需要拆除后，零組件 可重复使用，降低了工程造价。 20个人用 5天时间不用手脚架和大型 起吊设备即可施工组建起一个面积为 1300平方米的弓式支架结构的 网球馆建筑构架。 构架中交叉弦筋与交叉拉筋的采用，使构架的有放 空间和承载能力都大大增加。 本弓式支架結构在一种崭新的设计思想 下完成的，它沖击了传统的建筑设计，开创了建筑领域中无高空作业的 新形式。
附图概述
^下面通过附图给出本发明的具体实施例。
图 1是本弓式支架结构的飞机库主示意图。
图 2是飞机库俯向示意图。
图 3是飞机库 B—B剖枧的单层弓式支架结构示意图。
图 4是双层弓式支架结构主示意图。
图 5是 A— A剖视的双层型示意图。
图 6是十字对插接头主示图。
图 7是十字对插接头侧示图。
图 8是丁字对插接头主视图。
图 9是丁字对插接头側视图。
、 图 10是直角对插接头主示图。
图 11是直角对插接头侧示图。
图 12是十字万向对插接头结构图。
图 13是半圆多头对插接头示意图。
图 14—是"口"形对插接头主视图。
图 15是"口"形对禱接头侧示图。
图 16是"口"形对插接头 D—D剖视图。
图 17是双曲杆片主视图。
图' 18是双曲杆片侧示图。
图 19是单双混合型弓式支架结枸立体局部示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
参看附图。 图 1至图 5给出了一种用于飞机库的弓式支架结构。 图 6至图 18给出除零件直杆、曲杆、拉筋、弦筋以外的^^部組件。图 19 给出了单双混合型的弓式支架结构。
飞机库有主体和封堵两部分，这里发明人用曲面单双混合型弓式 支架结构完成主体， 用球面单层型完成封堵。 主休和封堵各有两个。
主体构架由直杆（16)、曲杆（14)、双曲杆片（20)、十字对插接头（6) 、丁字对插接头（ 8) 、 直角对插接头（7)、口"形对插接头（21)、拉筋 (9)、弦筋（11)組成。 双曲杆片（20)、直杆（16)、曲杆（13)端头都有插口。 丁字对插接头 ( 8)、直角对插接头（7)、十字对插接头（6)都同时具有直杆插头（22)和 曲杆插头（23)。 直杆插头（22)和曲杆插头（23)相交形成的每一个交角 处都置有一个拉筋接耳（14)。 每个对插接头上只有一个弦筋接耳（ 15 )。 弦筋接耳（15)上有两个弦筋（11)的连接位置。 "口"形对插接头 (21)由 a、b、c、d四根方形杆件焊成。呈平面矩形。在 a、c杆的每一端都 焊接一个与该构件同轴线的直杆插头（22)。 同一根杆件上的两个直杆 插头（22)方向相反。 a、c杆件的外侧面上各焊有与"口"形对插接头 (21)的矩形平面垂直的两个连接件（24)。 每个连接件（24)由方向相反 的两个曲片插头（25)构成。 所有"口"形对插接头（21)的 a、c杆件上的 两个连接件（24)间距相等。
弦筋接耳（ 15)置于 a、c杆件的同一侧。 a杆件外侧面上焊有一个 弦筋接耳（ 15) ，c杆件内侧面上焊有两个弦筋接耳（15)。 弦筋接耳 (15)在每种对插接头上的位置一致。 每个弦筋接耳（15)上都具有两个 连接弦筋（ 11)的位置。 另外， "口"形对插接头（21)上的每一个直杆插 头（22)和曲片插头（25)正交形成的每个交角处都置有一个拉筋接耳（ 14)。 拉筋（9)、弦筋（11 )的任意端头部都有挂钩与对插接头（6、7、8、 21)上的拉筋接耳（14)和弦筋接耳（15)挂接。
双曲杆片（20)由两稂同圆心， 不同弯曲半径的曲杆和三根连杆焊 接而成。
施工中将四片双曲杆片（20)通过三个"口"形对插接头（21)横向连 接在一起形成一曲柱。 在这个曲柱每端的"口"形对插接头（ 21)上，于 上曲面处挂接一根弦筋（11)、下曲面处挂接两根弦筋（1 Ό，构成一个 双层弓式架。 单层弓式架是将两根曲杆（13)通过一个十字对插接头 ( 6)连接，并在该两根曲杆（13)的不相连端各插接一个十字对插接头（ 6 )，之后再在这两个十字对插接头（6)上通过弦筋接耳（ 15)连接一根 弦筋（11)，枸成一个单层弓式架。若干个单层弓式架置于两个为一組的 两組双层弓式架之间， 由直杆（16)通过十字对插接头（ 6)和"口"形对 插接头（21 )上的直杆插头（22)将所有单、双层弓式架纵向连接起来， 即构成了两端为双层中间为单层的曲面形飞机库的棚顶。 在这个棚顶 横向两边通过十字对插接头（6)和"口"形对插接头（21)，连续在横向上
Figure imgf000011_0001
本发明给出再一种实施例是用双层型弓式支架结构建设的大跨度 网球馆。双层型弓式支架结构由双曲杆片（20)、"口"形对插接头（21)、 直杆（16)、加强直杆（17)、拉筋（9)、弦筋（11)組成。 首先在纵向上将若 干"口"形对插接头（21)由加强直杆（17)通过直杆插头（22)直线连接成 网球馆的侧底。 4!这个侧底上的全部"口"形对插接头（21)都在横向上 插接双曲杆片（20)，然后再由"口"形对插接头和直杆（16)将所有双曲 杆片（20)相连。这样即在网球馆一侧底部位形成了若干个纵向相连的 六面体单无。在每个六面体单无形成的同时，即在每个"口 "形对插接 头（21)上挂接拉筋（9)和弦筋（11)。 拉筋（9)挂接在由直杆（16)和双曲 杆片（20)形成的矩形框对角线位置。 弦筋（11)挂接在两个横向相连的 双曲杆片（20)最远端连线形成的弦线位置。 用上述方式将双曲杆片 ( 20)、直杆（16)、"口"形对插接头（21)、拉筋（9)、弦筋（11)逐节地连续 连接，即可在地面上由网球馆一侧着地端经网球馆棚项至另一侧着地 端完成双层形弓式支架结构网球馆主体。
网球馆的封堵为立面墙型。它只由直杆（16)、拉筋（9)和"口"形对 插接头 (21)在横向和垂直方向上连续插接和挂接即可完成。
本发明在方案完成叙述和实施例中共给出了或先組起一端弧形架 之后再纵向延伸；或先組起弓式支架结构棚顶之后向两边延伸；或先組 起弓式支架结构纵向长度的一侧之后向另一侧延伸的三种組合方法。 工业应用性
凡采用本发明的弓式支架结构技术完成的如民用房、公路桥、过街 天桥、河道桥、展厅、大棚等都被履盖在本发明技术之中。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种单层弓式支架结构，其特征在于由各是若干件的曲杆、直杆、 拉筋、弦筋和对插接头形成结构件，结构中每个对插接头上都插接有直 杆和曲杆，挂接有拉筋和弦筋，若干弦筋通过对插接头将由曲杆插接形 成的孤形架，若干弦筋通过对插接头将由曲杆插接形成的孤形架连成 一体，若千个相互平行且具有同一个投影面的弧形架通过对插接头由 若干直杆纵向连接在一起，凡直线连接在一起的直杆枸成桁架，桁架有 若干且相互平行地与全部孤形架相互正交地相连，通过若千拉筋将孤 形架与弧形架、孤形架与桁架、桁架与桁架连结成曲面网状整体。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的单层弓式支架结构，其特征在于所述整体 由若干个形成网格的四边形单元形成，每个四边形单元中含有四个对 插接头， 两根曲杆和两根直杆，四个对插接头形成四边形的四个角， 曲杆与直杆正交插接在对插接头上形成邻边，四边形的两个对角线位 置各设一根拉筋，拉筋的每一端与一个对插接头挂接，凡是横向上相连 的两个四边形单元于两根曲杆最远端形成的弦线位置设有一根弦筋， 弦筋的每一^与一个对插接头挂接，两根曲杆与一根弦筋构成一个弓 式架，孤形架由若千弓式架組成，孤形架上凡相邻的两根弦筋互为交 叉。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的单层弓式支架结构，其特征在于所述 对插接头或为直角对插接头， 或为丁字对插接头， 或为十字对插接 头，对插接头上同时具有直杆插头和曲杆插头，直杆插头与曲杆插头相 交形成的每个交角处都置有一个拉筋接耳，一个弦筋接耳置于对插接 头上，弦筋接耳上有两个弦筋的连接位置。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的单层弓式支架结构，其特征在于相互连接 的四个四边形单元，其中心位置交结点由一个十字对插接头构成，整体 结构边缘处两个四边形单元的交结点由一个丁字对插接头构成， 整体 结构的四个边角的四边形单元其边角由一个直角对插接头构成。
5. 拫据权利要求 1一 3中任何一项所述的单层弓式支架结构，其特征 在于曲杆和直杆端头插点与对插接头的插头成互为插接的偶接副。
6. 一种单层弓式支架结构， 其特征在于由各是若干件的曲杆、 直 杆、拉筋、弦筋、丁字对插接头、直角对插接头、十字万向对插接头、半圆 多头对插接头形成结构件， 结构件中每个对插接头上都插接有直杆和 曲杆，挂接有拉筋和弦筋，半圆多头对插接头只插接曲杆，若干曲杆通 过若干十字万向对插接头曲线插接形成弧形架，若干弦筋通过与若千 对插接头的挂接将由曲杆插接形成的弧形架连成一体，狐形架有若 干，其上端都汇交在处于棚项部的一个半圆多头对插接头上，直杆通过 孤形架上的十字万向对插接头与弧形架连接， 直杆与直杆于水平方向 上线性相连形成桁架，桁架有若千，每个桁架都为多棱曲线形，若干拉 筋通过若干对插接头将弧形架与弧形架，弧形架与桁架，桁架与桁架连 结成约 1/4球面网格状整体。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的单层弓式支架结枸，其特征在于所述整体 由若干个形成网格的四边形单元和三角形单无形成，三角形单无只有 一排，置于半圆多头对插接头和相邻的一排四边形单元之间，三角形单 元中含有一根直杆、 两根曲杆、二个对插接头、半圆多头对插接头的两 个插头、二根弦筋和二根拉筋，每个四边形单元中含有四个对插接头、 两根曲杆和两根直杆，四个对插接头形成四边形的四个角，曲杆与直杆 正交插接在对插接头上形成邻边，四边形的两个对角线位置各设一根 拉筋，拉筋的每一端与一个对插袪头挂接，凡是横向上相连的两个四边 形单无于两根曲杆最远端形成的弦线位置设有一根弦筋，弦筋的每一 端与一个对插接头挂接，两根曲杆与一根弦筋构成一个弓式架，弧形架 由若干弓式架組成，孤形架上凡相邻的两拫弦筋互为交叉。
8. 根据权利要求 6或 7所述的球面形单层弓式支架结构，其特征在 于半圆多头对插接头由一个半圆盘、若干曲杆插头、若干拉筋接耳和弦 筋接耳組成，具有相同下弯角的若干曲杆插头在半圆盘曲线处均布，曲 杆插头与半圆盘形成的每个交角处都置有一个拉筋接耳，每个曲杆插 头弯曲方向的下部都有一个弦筋接耳。
9. 根据权利要求 6所述的球面形单层弓式支架结枸，其特征在于十 字万向对插接头上有对应的两个曲杆插头和对应的两个球头式转动插 头， 转动插头和曲杆插头相交形成的每个交角处都置有一个拉筋接 耳，一个弦筋接耳置于十字万向对插接头上，弦筋接耳上有两个弦筋的 连接位置。
10. —种双层弓式支架结构，其特征在于由各是若干件的直杆、拉筋、 弦筋、双曲杆片和"口 "形对插接头組成结枸件，结构中每个 "口，，形对 插接头上都插接有双曲杆片和直杆、挂接有拉筋和弦筋，若千双曲杆片 通过与若千"口"形对插接头的插接形成截面为矩形的双脊双层孤形 架，若干根弦筋通过"口"形对插接头将由双曲杆片插接形成的双层孤 形架连成一体，相互平行且具有同一个投形面的若千双层弧形架通过 "口"形对插接头由若干两根为一組的直杆纵向连接在一起，凡成組地 以直线连接在一起的直杆构成双股桁架，若千双股桁架相互平行且与 若干狐形架相互正交地相连，若千拉筋通过"口"形对插接头将双层狐 形架与双层孤形架，双层孤形架与双股桁架，双股桁架与双股桁架连结 烕曲面网状整体。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的双层弓式支架结构， 其特征在于，所迷 整体由若干形成网格的六面体单元形成，每个六面体单无含有四个 "口 "形对插接头、四片双曲杆片和四根直杆，两个"口 "形对插接头与两 片双曲杆片插接形成一段截面为矩形的曲柱， 两根为一组的两組直杆 正交插接在两个曲柱各自端头的" 口"形对插接头上，并与相邻的两片 双曲杆片形成上下曲面相互平行的两个矩.形框，每个矩形框的两組对 角线位置各设一根拉筋， 两个矩形框中拉筋的相同端与同一个" 口" 形对插接头挂接，横向上凡相邻的两个六面体在双曲杆片延伸方向最 远端的上、下两个弦线位置各设至少一根弦筋，上、下弦筋的同一端各 与同一个"口"形对插接头挂接，两个曲柱与上下弦筋连接构成一个双 层弓式架， 双层孤形架由若干个双层弓式架組成，弧形架上凡相邻的 两根弦筋互为交叉，相互连接的四个六面体其中心交结处由一个"口" 形对插接头构成，且分別是每一个六面体的组成部分。
12. 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的双层弓式支架结构， 其特征在于 "口"形对插头由 a、b、c、d四根杆件組成，呈平面矩形，在 a、c杆件的每 一端都有一个与该杆件同轴线的直杆插头， 同杆件上的两个直杆插头 方向相及， a、c杆件的外侧面上各有与矩形面垂直的两个连接件，每个 连接件由方向相反的两个曲片插头构成，每个杆件上的两个连接件间
■ — 13 — , ■ ■ 距相等， a、c杆件的同一侧上各有至少一个弦筋拉耳，每个接耳上有两 个弦筋连接位置，在每个直杆插头与曲片插头正交形成的每一个交角 处都置有一个拉筋接耳。
13. 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的双层弓式支架结构，其特征在于双 曲杆片由两根具有同圆心，不同弯曲半径的曲杆和若干根连杆組成，双 曲杆片为平面状，两端各有两个插点。
14. 根据权利要求 12所述的双层弓式支架结构，其特征在于直杆， 双曲杆片与" 口 "形对插接头的插头成互为插接的偶接副，且双曲杆片 端头两个插点的中心距与"口 "形对插接头上连接件的中心距相等。
15. 一种不需要高空作业的单层弓式支架结枸的組合方法，其特征在 于首先在一个十字对插接头上插接两根曲杆，拘成一个弓式架，再用若 干直杆将若干弓式架纵向连接起来，构成两排具有若干四边形单元的 弓式支架结构纵向长度的棚顶， 用升顶装置升起这个棚项的一侧，并 使高度达到能够插接曲杆时止，然后将每个弓式架通过对插接头都插 接上曲杆， 并通过直杆将所有插接好的曲杆再次连接在一起，即在纵 向上又一次形成一排若干个四边形单无，四边形单元形成的同时即挂 接好拉筋和弦筋，此时落下项栩的这一侧，升起另一侧，以上述方式再 次连接曲杆、直杆和十字对插接头，也形成一排四边形单无，如此 复 在棚顶两侧操作，即可由弓式支架结构棚项端至两个着地端逐渐升起 一个单层弓式支架结构的主体。
16. 一种不需要高空作业的单层弓式支架结构的组合方法，其特征在 于首先用两个直角对插接头和若千丁字对插接头将若干加强直杆连接 成弓式支架结构纵向长度的一侧着地端，再将上述对插接头都插接上 曲杆， 并通过若千十字对插接头用若干直杆把曲杆全部连接起来，形 成弓式支架结构纵向长度的若干相连的一排四边形单无，四边形单元 形成的同时即挂接拉筋和弦筋，之后用升项装置升起四边形单元直杆 边，使之升高到能插接曲杆时止，再次插接曲杆，并由若千直杆通过十 字对插接头纵向 !曲杆连接， 又一次形成一排四边形单无， 并重新用 升项装置将新形成的四边形单无升起到能插接曲杆时止，再次通过十 字对插接头和曲杆的插接形成一排四边形单无，这样反复循环操作使 四边形单无沿横向连续扩展， 即可由弓式支架结构一侧着地端经过棚 项至另一侧着地端逐渐拱起一个单层弓式支架结枸的主休。
17. 一种不需要高空作业的双层弓式支架结构的組合方法，其特征在 于首先用三个 "口"形对插接头通过四片双曲杆片构成一个双层弓式 架，用两根为一组的直杆将若干个双层弓式架纵向连接，构成两排具有 若干个六面体单无形成的弓式支架结构纵向长度的棚项， 用升顶装置 升起这个棚项的一侧，当高度达到能插接双曲杆片时，则将每个双层弓 式架通过"口"形对插接头都插接上双曲杆片，把这些双曲杆片另一端 也插接上" 口"形对插接头，并由若干组直杆将这些"口"形对插接头连 接，即在纵向上又形成一排六面体单元，六面体单无形成的同时即挂接 好拉筋和弦筋，此时落下棚顶的这一侧，升起另一侧， 并以上述方式再 次连接双曲杆片、直杆和"口 "形对插接头，再形成一排六面体单无，如 此反复在棚项两侧操作，即可由弓式支架结构棚项端至两个着地端逐 渐升起一个双层弓式支架结构主体。
18. —种不需要高空作业的双层弓式支架结构的組合方法，其特征 在于首先用若千"口"形对插接头将若干加强直杆连接成弓式支架结构 纵向长度的一侧着地端，再将上述"口"形对插接头都插接上双曲杆 片， 并通过若干"口"形对插接头用若干两稂为一組的直杆把双曲杆片 全部连接起来，使之在纵向长度内形成若干相连的一排六面体单元， 六面体单无形成的同时即挂接拉筋和弦筋，之后用升项装置升起六面 体单无直杆边，使之升高到能插接双曲杆片为止，再次插接双曲杆片， 并由若干組直杆通过 "口 "形对插接头纵向将双曲杆片连接，则又一次 形成一排六面体单无，重新用升项装置^新形成的六面体单元升起到 能插接双曲杆片高度止，通过"口"形对插接头和双曲杆片的插接再一 次形成一排六面体单元，这样反复循环操作使六面体单元不断沿横向 扩展， 即可由弓式支架结枸一侧着地端经过棚项至另一侧着地端逐渐 拱起一个双层弓式支架结构主体。
PCT/CN1994/000104 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 Ossature de voute WO1995017559A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU12711/95A AU694942B2 (en) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 A structural frame of arch and its assembly method
EP95903748A EP0736638B1 (en) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 A structural frame of arch and its assembly method
JP51707895A JP3640258B2 (ja) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 アーチ形骨組構造およびその組立方法
CA002179781A CA2179781C (en) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 Arched framework and its assembly method
DE69430262T DE69430262T2 (de) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 Bogenrahmenstruktur und verfahren zu deren aufbau
RU96115173A RU2139395C1 (ru) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 Арочная конструкция (варианты) и способ ее сборки (варианты)
US08/666,355 US5867948A (en) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 Arched framework and its assembly method
AT95903748T ATE215157T1 (de) 1993-12-23 1994-12-23 Bogenrahmenstruktur und verfahren zu deren aufbau

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CN93120116.0 1993-12-23
CN93120116A CN1038442C (zh) 1993-12-23 1993-12-23 弓式支架结构及其安装方法

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CA2179781A1 (en) 1995-06-29
CN1090004A (zh) 1994-07-27
AU694942B2 (en) 1998-08-06
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AU1271195A (en) 1995-07-10
ATE215157T1 (de) 2002-04-15
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JP3640258B2 (ja) 2005-04-20
RU2139395C1 (ru) 1999-10-10
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US5867948A (en) 1999-02-09
KR100393401B1 (ko) 2003-10-22
CN1038442C (zh) 1998-05-20

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