Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
  • A61K8/442—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof substituted by amido group(s)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
  • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
  • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/20—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of the composition as a whole
  • A61K2800/22—Gas releasing
  • A61K2800/222—Effervescent
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
  • A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
  • A61K2800/5426—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge cationic
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
  • A61K2800/596—Mixtures of surface active compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/70—Biological properties of the composition as a whole
  • A61K2800/72—Hypo-allergenic

Definitions

• the present invention is related to mild liquid personal cleanser compositions. (More specifically, the present invention relates to mild, lathering compositions, espe ⁇ cially those that are useful for application to the hands and face.)
• the present invention offers a valuable combination of desirable properties to liquid skin-cleaning formulations
• one object of this invention is the development of liquid skin cleaning compositions which exhibit improved mildness with good cleaning and lathering
• Another object of the present invention is the development of low cost liquid skin cleansers
• a liquid skin cleanser composition with improved mildness and lathering charac ⁇ teristics comprising:
• amphoteric surfactant selected from the group consisting of betaine surfactants, imidazoline surfactants, aminoalkanoate surfactants, and iminodialkanoate surfactants, and mixtures thereof,
• a liquid skin cleanser composition with improved mildness and lathering charac ⁇ teristics comprising
• amphoteric surfactant selected from the group consisting of betaine surfactants, imidazoline surfactants, aminoalkanoate surfactants, and iminodialkanoate surfactants, and mixtures thereof,
• liquid cleanser composition has a transmittance value at 420 nm in a 2 5 cm path length of no less than about 80 after storage at 38° c for 30 days
• compositions hereof contain carbonyl-containing perfume compounds but preferably are essentially free of primary amines and ammonia
• compositions substantially free of primary amines and ammonia includes the protonated as well as unprotonated forms of the compounds
• amphoteric surfactants which typically add some degree of color, usually a yellow tint, to the personal liquid cleanser
• the amphoteric surfactants utilized in the present mild personal liquid cleanser compositions be sufficiently colorless and free of primary amines and ammonia such that the mild personal liquid cleanser composition itself remains substantially colorless
• the mild personal liquid cleanser composition hereof comprises from about 3 parts to about 10 parts, by weight, preferably from about 4 parts to about 8 parts of alkyl ethoxylated sulfate anionic surfactant
• Alkyl ethoxylated sulfate surfactants are well known in the art, and can be repre ⁇ sented by the formula RO(C2H4O) x SO3M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 12, preferably 2 to 6, and M is a water- soluble cation such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal, preferably, sodium or potas ⁇ sium
• R alkyl or alkenyl of from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• x is 1 to 12, preferably 2 to 6
• M is a water- soluble cation such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal, preferably, sodium or potas ⁇ sium
• the average degree of ethoxylated, i e the average value for x should be at least about 2 0
• Exemplary alkyl ethoxylated sulfates are condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms
• R has from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms
• the alcohols can be derived from fats, e g , coconut oil or tallow, or can be synthetic Lauryl alcohol and straight chain alcohols derived from coconut oil are preferred herein
• Such alcohols are typically reacted with from about 2 to about 12, preferably about 2 to about 6, more preferably about 3, molar proportions of ethylene oxide and the resulting mixture of molecular species having, for example, an average moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol also within the above limits, is sulfated and neutralized
• alkyl ethoxylated sulfates which may be used in the present invention are the salts, especially sodium and/or potassium salts, of coconut alkyl triethylene glycol ethoxylated sulfate, tallow alkyl triethylene glycol ethoxylated sul ⁇ fate, and tallow alkyl hexaoxyethylene sulfate
• the alkyl ether sulfates will comprise a mixture of individual compounds, said mixture preferably having an aver ⁇ age alkyl chain length of from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, and an average degree of ethoxylation of from about 2 to about 6 moles of ethylene oxide
• narrow range alkyl ethoxylated sulfates such as those having ethoxylation levels primarily in the range of about 2 to about 6
• amphoteric surfactant will be present in the mild personal liquid cleanser compositions hereof at levels of from about 3 parts to about 10 parts, by weight of the composition, preferably from about 4 parts to about 8 parts
• the amphoteric component hereof is selected from the group consisting of amphoteric betaine, imida ⁇ zoline, aminoalkanoate, and iminodialkanoate surfactants
• the ratio of the alkyl ethoxylated surfactant to the amphoteric surfactant will be from about 3 1 to about 1 1 5, more preferably from about 1 5 1 to about 1 1 5
• the imidazoline amphoteric surfactants hereof are depicted by Formula I
• Rj is Cg - C22 alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C12-C 16
• R2 is hydrogen or CH 2 CO 2 M
• R 3 is CH 2 CH 2 OH or CH 2 CH 2 OCH2CH 2 COOM
• R4 is hydrogen, CH 2 CH 2 OH, or CH2CH2OCH2CH2COOM
• Z is CO 2 M or CH 2 CO 2 M
• n is 2 or 3, preferably 2
• M is hydrogen or a cation, such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal
• alkali metal include lithium, sodium, and potassium
• alkaline earth metal include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium
• This type of surfactant is classified herein as an "imidazoline” amphoteric surfactant for convenience, although it should be recognized that it does not necessarily have to be derived, directly or indirectly, through an imidazoline intermediate
• MIRANOL Suitable materials of this type are marketed under the tradename MIRANOL and are understood to comprise a complex mixture of species, and can exist in protonated and non-protonated species depending upon pH with respect to species that can have a hydrogen at R2 All such variations and species are meant to be encompassed herein
• Preferred surfactants of Formula I are monocarboxylates and dicarboxylates
• these materials include cocoamphocarboxypropionate, cocoamphocar- boxypropionic acid, cocoamphocarboxyglycinate (alternately referred to as cocoam- phodiacetate), and cocoamphoacetate (alternately, cocoamphomonoacetate)
• amphoteric surfactant component of the present compositions include those sold under the trade names MIRANOL C2M CONC N P , MIRANOL C2M CONC O P., MIRANOL C2M SF, MIRANOL CM SPECIAL (Miranol, Inc ), ALKATERIC 2CIB (Alkaril Chemicals), AMPHOTERGE W-2 (Lonza, Inc ), MONATERIC CDX-38, MONATERIC CSH- 32 (Mona Industries), REWOTERIC AM-2C (Rewo Chemical Group), and SCHERCOTERIC MS-2 (Scher Chemicals)
• R] is a member selected from the group consisting of COOM and CH-CH 2 SO 3 M
• R2 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
• R3 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
• R4 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl
• R5 is higher alkyl or alkenyl
• Y is lower alkyl, preferably methyl, m is an integer from 2 to 7, preferably from 2 to 3, n is the integer 1 or 0,
• M is hydrogen or a cation, such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal
• lower alkyl or “hydroxyalkyl” means straight or branch chained, saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals and substituted hydrocarbon radicals having from one to about three carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like
• higher alkyl or alkenyl means straight or branch chained saturated (i e., “higher alkyl”) and unsaturated (i e., "higher alkenyl”) aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals having from about eight to about 20 carbon atoms such as, for example, lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, and the like
• surfactant betaines of Formula II wherein n is zero which are useful herein include the alkylbetaines such as cocodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryldi- methylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryl dimethyl-alpha-carboxyethylbetaine, cetyldi- methylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethylbetaine, stearyl-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethylbetaine, oleyldimethyl-gamma-car- boxypropylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethylbetaine, etc
• the sulfobetaines may be represented by cocodimethylsulfopropylbetaine, stearyldimeth- ylsulfopropylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfopropylbetaine
• Amido betaines and amidosulfo betaine surfactants useful in the present invention are exemplified by compounds of Formula II wherein n is one but otherwise corresponding to the above examples
• surfactant betaines of Formula II wherein n is one which are useful herein include the amidocarboxybetaines, such as cocoamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, laurylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, cetylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine, cocoamido-bis-(2- hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine, etc
• the amido sulfobetaines may be repre- sented by cocoamidodimethylsulfopropylbetaine, stearylamidodimethylsulfopropylbetaine, laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-s
• the preferred betaine in the present invention is a member selected from the group consisting of surfactant amidocarboxybetaines and amidosulfobetaines. More preferred betaines are the surfactant amidocarboxybetaines, particularly cocoamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaines (cocomidopropylbetaine), such as those sold by Goldschmidt Co. under the trade name Tegobetaine (F grade), and by Hoechst-Celanese under the trade name Genagen CAB. These most preferred betaines have the formula:
• R'3 is selected from C8 to C18 alkyl radicals and M is hydrogen or a cation as defined above.
• M is hydrogen or a cation as defined above.
• the preferred betaines hereof will have low levels of residual amide and sodium monochloroacetate.
• Suitable aminoalkanoates and iminodialkanoates are represented by the Formulas (III) and (IV):
• n and m are from 1 to 4
• R is Cg - C 2 al yl or alkenyl
• M is hydrogen or alkali or an alkaline earth metal as previously described.
• amphoteric surfactants falling within the aminoalkanoate formula include n-alkylamino-propionates and n-alkyliminodipropionates. Such material are sold under the tradename DERIPHAT by Henkel and MIRATANE by Miranol, Inc Specific examples include N-lauryl-beta-amino propionic acid or salts thereof, and N- lauryl-beta-imino-dipropionic acid (DERIPHAT 160C) or salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
• amphoteric surfactant provided as a raw material for use in the mild personal liquid cleanser compositions hereof should preferably be sufficiently colorless such that it does not impact enough color to the total composition remains substantially colorless
• Amphoteric surfactants are often used in conventional personal liquid cleanser compositions at a level and supplied in a form that tend to impart a degree of color in excess of that which is preferred for the compositions herein
• the amphoteric surfac ⁇ tants utilized in the present compositions should preferably be sufficiently colorless so that the overall transmittance value of the final product is within the limits set forth herein
• Reduced color amphoteric surfactants raw materials can easily be produced by those skilled in the art, for instance, by the use of cleaner, purer raw materials and minimizing the period of time the surfactant or reaction mixture is exposed to elevated temperature during manufacture of the surfactant
• Suitable surfactants are currently commercially available e g Tegobetaine (F Grade) from Goldschmidt
• the amphoteric surfactant as well as the other surfactants added to the composition, will exhibit an absorbance value in a 30 parts aqueous solution at 440nm in a 1 0cm path length of no greater than about 0 1, more preferably no greater than about 0 05, most preferably no greater than about 0 035
• the mild personal liquid cleanser compositions of the present invention comprise from about 1 parts to about 3 parts, preferable from about 25 parts to about 1 parts of N-acyl amino acid surfactant
• N-acyl amino acid surfactants for purposes hereof, include N-acyl hydrocarbyl acids and salts thereof, such as those represented by Formula V, as follows O R 2
• R 1 -C-N-(R 3 ) n -COOM V
• K ⁇ is a C -C24 alkyl or alkenyl radical, preferably C ⁇ -C j
• R2 is -H, C j- C4 alkyl, phenyl, or -CH2COOM, preferably C 1-C4 alkyl, more preferably C 1-C2 alkyl
• R3 is -CR 4 2" or C 1 -C 2 alkoxy, wherein each R 4 independently is -H or C 1 -C alkyl or alkylester, and n is from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, and M is -H or a cation as previously defined, preferably an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium
• N-acyl acid surfactants A wide variety of N-acyl acid surfactants and their synthesis are described in Anionic Surfactants. Part II. Surfactant Science Series. Vol VII. edited by Warner M Linfield, Marcel Dekker, Inc (New York and Basel), 1976, pp 581-617
• N-acyl sarcosinates which are known as the N-acyl sarcosinates, and acids thereof Specific examples include lauroyl sarcosinate, myristoyl sarcosinate, cocoyl sarcosi- nate, and oleoyl sarcosinate, preferably in their sodium and potassium salt forms
• alkyl or “alkenyl” include mixtures of radicals which may contain one or more intermediate linkages such as ether or polyether linkages or non-functional substitutents such as hydroxyl or halogen radicals wherein the radical remains of hydrophobic character.
• Cationic cellulose ether derivatives include mixtures of radicals which may contain one or more intermediate linkages such as ether or polyether linkages or non-functional substitutents such as hydroxyl or halogen radicals wherein the radical remains of hydrophobic character.
• the mild personal liquid cleanser compositions of the present invention comprise from about 0.01 parts- to 0.5 parts, preferable from 0.02 parts - to 0.2 parts of a cat- ionic cellulose ether derivative.
• Cationic cellulose ether derivatives for purposes hereof, is a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide.
• Foam enhancers are well known in the art.
• Polyquaternium- 10 an industry term designated by the Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CFTA) for a poly ⁇ meric quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide is a prefered polymer for foam enhancement.
• Polyquaternium- 10 is commercially available from Union Carbide Corp. (Danbury, Connecticut, USA) under their UCARE POLYMER JR series of materials, e.g., UCARE POLYMER JR-30M, JR-125, and JR400.
• the mild personal liquid cleanser composition hereof will also comprise water.
• the composition will contain from about 50 parts to about 94 parts water, and preferably about 76 parts to about 90 parts water.
• the mild personal liquid cleanser hereof is substantially free of alkyl sulfate sur ⁇ factants since alkyl sulfates are relatively harsh to the skin. It is recognized that there will generally be some alkyl sulfate present as a result of it being present in commer ⁇ cially available alkyl ethoxylated sulfate raw materials.
• alkyl (3) ethoxylated sulfate typically contains about 20 parts by weight alkyl sulfate; commercially available alkyl (2) ethoxylated sulfate, about 25 parts to about 40 parts alkyl sulfate
• substantially free of alkyl sulfate means the compositions hereof should have an alkyl sulfate:alkyl ethoxylated sulfate (average degree of ethoxylation of 2 5 and above) weight ratio of no more than about 0 35, preferably no more than about 0 30, more preferably no more than about 0 25
• the ratio should be no more than about 0 40, preferably no more than about 0 35, more preferably no more than about 0.30, most preferably no more than about 0 25 It is preferred that no additional amount of alkyl sulfate be added other than
• Narrow range ethoxylates can be used to lower the alkyl sulfate alkyl ethoxylated sulfate weight ratio
• “Narrow range ethoxylates” refer to alkyl ethoxylated sulfate surfactants that have been processed to reduce alkyl sulfates and, optionally, alkyl ethoxylated sulfates outside of the desired range of ethoxylation
• the use of narrow range ethoxylates can be used to lower the alkyl sulfate alkyl ethoxylated sulfate weight ratio, including to ratios as low as about 0 2 or even about 0 1, and less
• the present mild personal liquid cleanser compositions are preferably substantially free of amide foam boosters such as fatty (e g. C12-C20) rnono-and di- alkanol amides, since these materials can be harsh to the skin and are not needed in the present compositions
• amide foam boosters such as fatty (e g. C12-C20) rnono-and di- alkanol amides
• “Substantially free of amide foam boosters” means the compositions hereof can contain no more than about 1 0 parts, by weight of the amide foam booster, preferably no more than about 0 5 parts, more preferably no more than about 0.2 parts. Most preferably, no amide foam booster is added
• the mild personal liquid cleanser compositions are substantially free of ammonia and primary amines.
• “Substantially free of ammonium ions and free primary amines” means that the compositions hereof preferably contain no more than about 0.1 parts, by weight, of ammonia (including ammonium ions) and primary amines (including free amines and protonated primary amines), more prefer ⁇ ably no more than about 0 05 parts
• the mild personal liquid cleanser compositions of the present invention are pre ⁇ ferably colorless, and can remain substantially colorless over prolonged periods of time.
• substantially colorless means the mild personal liquid cleansers are both clear and are characterized by lack of color
• the mild per ⁇ sonal liquid cleanser compositions hereof have a transmittance value at 420nm in a 2.5cm path length of no less than about 80 after storage at 38°C for 30 days, prefer ⁇ ably no less than about 85 Transmittance value is measured utilizing a spectropho- tometer in accordance with conventional techniques known in the art Additional Ingredients
• compositions of the present invention can contain a wide variety of optional ingredients useful or known for use in the art for hand soaps and other mild personal liquid cleanser compositions. Exemplary additional ingredients are described below.
• Additional surfactants that can be used include other anionic, nonionic, and am ⁇ photeric surfactants, as well as zwitterionic and cationic surfactants.
• a suitable class of anionic surfactants are the water-soluble, organic salts of the general formula:
• R1-SO3-M wherein Rj is chosen from the group consisting of a straight or branched chain, satu ⁇ rated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 to about 24, preferably about 12 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is a cation.
• Rj is chosen from the group consisting of a straight or branched chain, satu ⁇ rated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 to about 24, preferably about 12 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is a cation.
• Important examples are the salts of an organic sulfuric acid reaction product of a hydrocarbon of the methane series, in ⁇ cluding iso-, neo-, and n-paraffins, having about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, prefer ⁇ ably about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms and a sulfonating agent, e.g., SO3, H2SO4, oleum, obtained according to known sulfonation methods, including bleaching and hydro
• anionic surfactants which come within the terms of the present invention are the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil; sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are derived from coconut oil.
• Other anionic synthetic surfactants of this variety are set forth in U.S. Patents 2,486,921; 2,486,922; and 2,396,278; incorporated by reference.
• Still other anionic surfactants include the class designated as succinamates.
• This class includes such surface active agents as disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate; tetrasodium N-(l,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate; diamyl ester of so ⁇ dium sulfosuccinic acid; dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; dioctyl esters of sodium sulfosuccinic acid.
• olefin sulfonates having about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms.
• olefin sulfonates is used herein to mean compounds which can be produced by the sulfonation of a-olefins by means of uncomplexed sulfur trioxide, followed by neutralization of the acid reaction mixture in conditions such that any sulfones which have been formed in the reaction are hydrolyzed to give the corresponding hydroxy-alkanesulfonates.
• the sulfur trioxide can be liquid or gaseous, and is usually, but not necessarily, diluted by inert diluents, for example by liquid SO2, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc , when used in the liquid form, or by air, nitrogen, gaseous SO2, etc , when used in the gaseous form
• anionic surfactants are the b-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates These compounds have the following formula OR 2 H
• Rj is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20 carbon at ⁇ oms
• R 2 is a lower alkyl group having from about 1 (preferred) to about 3 carbon at ⁇ oms
• M is a water-soluble cation
• Nonionic surfactants include those broadly defined as compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature Examples of classes of nonionic surfactants are
• the polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols e g , the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably from about 6 to about 12, in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to from about 10 to about 60 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol
• the alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derived from polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octane, or nonane, for example
• Those derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the product resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine products which may be varied in composition depending upon the balance between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic elements which is desired
• compounds containing from about 40 parts to about 80 parts polyoxyethylene by weight and having a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 1 1,000 resulting from the reaction of ethylene oxide groups with a hydrophobic base constituted of the reaction product of ethylene diamine and excess propylene oxide, said base having a molecular weight of the order of about 2,500 to about 3,000, are satisfactory.
• ethylene oxide e.g., a coconut alcohol ethylene oxide condensate having from about 10 to about 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of coconut alcohol, the coconut alcohol fraction having from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms.
• RlR 2 R 3 N > O wherein Rj contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties, and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety, and R 2 and R3 contain from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and from 0 to about 1 hydroxy group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, or hydroxypropyl radicals.
• the arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond.
• amine oxides suitable for use in this invention include dimethyl-dodecylamine oxide, oleyldi(2-hydroxyethyl) amine oxide, dimethyloctylamine oxide, dimethyl-decylamine oxide, dimethyl-tetradecylamine oxide, 3,6,9-trioxaheptadecyldiethylamine oxide, di(2-hydroxyethyl)-tetradecylamine oxide, 2-dodecoxyethyldimethylamine oxide, 3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyldi(3- hydroxypropyl) amine oxide, dimethylhexadecylamine oxide.
• R contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl radical ranging from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms in chain length, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety and R' and R" are each alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl groups containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms.
• the arrow in the formula is a conventional representation of a semipolar bond.
• suitable phosphine oxides are: dodecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecyldimethylphosphine oxide, tetradecylmeth- ylethylphosphine oxide.
• tetradecyldiethylphosphine oxide dodecyldipropylphosphine oxide, dodecyld ⁇ (hydroxymethyl)phosph ⁇ ne oxide, dodecyld ⁇ (2-hydroxyethyl)phosph ⁇ ne oxide, tetradecylmethyl-2-hydroxypropylphosphine oxide, oleydimethylphosphine oxide, 2-hydroxydodecyldimethylphosphine oxide
• Examples include octadecyl methyl sulfoxide, 2-ketotridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3,6,9,-trixaoctadecyl 2- hydroxyethyl sulfoxide, dodecyl methyl sulfoxide, oleyl 3 -hydroxypropyl sulfoxide, tetradecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3-methoxytridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3-hydroxytridecyl methyl sulfoxide, 3-
• sucrose esters of fatty acids Such materials are described in U S Patent 3,480,616, e g , sucrose cocoate (a mixture of sucrose esters of a coconut acid, consisting primarily of monoesters, and sold under the tradenames GRILLOTEN LSE 87K from RITA, and CRODESTA SL-40 from Croda)
• Alkyl polysaccharide nonionic surfactants are disclosed in U S Patent 4,565,647, Llenado, issued January 21, 1986, having a hydrophobic group containing from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide, e g , a polyglycoside, hydrophilic group
• the polysac ⁇ charide can contain from about 1 0 to about 10, preferably from about 1 3 to about 3, most preferably from about 1 3 to about 2 7 saccharide units
• Any reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms can be used, e g , glucose, galactose and galactosyl moieties can be substituted for the glucosyl moieties (Optionally the hydrophobic group is attached at the 2-, 3-, 4-, etc positions thus giving a glucose or galactose as opposed to a glucoside or galactoside )
• a polyalkyleneoxide chain joining the hydrophobic moiety and the polysaccharide moiety
• the preferred alkyleneoxide is ethylene oxide
• Typical hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups, either saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched containing from about 8 to about 18, preferably from about 10 to about 16, carbon atoms
• the alkyl group is a straight chain saturated alkyl group
• the alkyl group can contain up to about 3 hydroxy groups and/or the polyalkyleneoxide chain can contain up to about 10, preferably less than 5, alkylene moieties
• Suitable alkyl polysaccharides are octyl, nonyldecyl, un- decyldodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, and octadecyl, di-, tri-, te
• n is from about 5 to about 200, n preferably from about 20 to about 100, more preferably from about 30 to about 85, and RC(O)- is an ester wherein R comprises an aliphatic radical having from about 7 to 19 carbon atoms, preferably from about 9 to 17 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 1 1 to 17 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 1 1 to 14 carbon atoms.
• R comprises an aliphatic radical having from about 7 to 19 carbon atoms, preferably from about 9 to 17 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 1 1 to 17 carbon atoms, most preferably from about 1 1 to 14 carbon atoms.
• Suitable glyceryl fatty ester portions of these surfactants include glyceryl cocoate, glyceryl tallowate, glyceryl palmate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl ricinoleate, and glyceryl fatty esters derived from triglycerides, such as palm oil, almond oil, and corn oil.
• surfactants that can be used include soluble cationic surfactants, such as quaternary ammonium surfactants, and other amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants known to those in the art.
• Optional components include from 0.1 to 1.5 parts of conditioning agents such as vegetable oils prepared from non-conjugated polyunsaturated fatty esters which are conjugated and elaidinized then modified by Dies-Alder addition with a member of the group consisting of acrylic acid, fumaric acid and maleic anhydride.
• conditioning agents such as vegetable oils prepared from non-conjugated polyunsaturated fatty esters which are conjugated and elaidinized then modified by Dies-Alder addition with a member of the group consisting of acrylic acid, fumaric acid and maleic anhydride.
• the adducts and their preparation are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,740,367, Force, et al., April 26, 1988, incorporated herein by reference, the adducts being marketed under the trade name Ceraphyl GA (Van Dyke).
• Preferred vegetable oil adducts are those prepared from soybean oil and adducts derived by Dies- Alder addition of vege ⁇
• a preferred method of preparing adducts herein is to react two moles of vegetable oil with one mole of the dienophile in the presence of catalytic amounts of iodine, the conjugation and elaidinization agent. This produces a 50:50 blend of adduct together with the disproportionated (conjugated) vegetable oil.
• Petrolatum can be any grade of white or yellow petrolatum recognized in the art as suitable for human appli- cation.
• the preferred type is USP Class III with a melting point between 122 and 135 °F (50 and 57 °C). Such a material is commercially available as Penreco Snow White Pet USP.
• the petrolatum in this invention includes hydrocarbon mixtures formulated with mineral oils in combination with paraffin waxes of various melting points.
• Preferred conditioning- agents of this type are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 07/909,834, Dias, et al., filed July 7, 1992, and U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 07/909,877, Kacher, et al., filed July 7, 1992, allowed and incorporated herein by reference.
• moisturizers examples include the water soluble hexadecyl, myristyl, isodecyl or isopropyl esters of adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic, myristic or linoleic acids, as well as many of their corresponding alcohol esters (sodium isostearoyl-2-lactylate, sodium capryl lactylate), polyethyleneglycol esters such as PEG (6) caprylic/capryl glycerate (Softigan 767), hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derived proteins, aloe vera gel and acetamide MEA.
• alcohol esters sodium isostearoyl-2-lactylate, sodium capryl lactylate
• polyethyleneglycol esters such as PEG (6) caprylic/capryl glycerate (Softigan 767)
• hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derived proteins aloe vera gel and acetamide MEA.
• An optional component hereof is a soluble conditioning agent suitable for condi ⁇ tioning hair or skin.
• Skin conditioning proteolytic enzyme can also be used.
• Suitable conditioners include, for example, soluble polyether siloxane copolymer, such as a polypropylene oxide modified dimethylpolysiloxane (e.g., Dow Corning DC- 1248), although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may also be used.
• soluble polyether siloxane copolymer such as a polypropylene oxide modified dimethylpolysiloxane (e.g., Dow Corning DC- 1248), although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may also be used.
• the ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level must be sufficiently high to provide solubility in water and the composition hereof.
• the antibacterial agent when used can be present at a level of from about 0.01% to about 4%, typically from about 0.1% to about 2%, and preferably from about 0.5% to about 1%.
• the level is selected to provide the desired level of antibacterial activity and can be modified as desired.
• the preferred antibacterial agent is 2-hydroxy-4,2',4'-trichlorodiphenylether (TCS).
• TCS 2-hydroxy-4,2',4'-trichlorodiphenylether
• Other halogenated antibacterial agents are set out below.
• Many antibacterial agents known to those skilled in the art and disclosed in, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,835,057 and 4,714,563, both incorporated hereinbefore by reference, may be used.
• Suitable antibacterial agents include: 2-hydroxy-4,2',4'-trichlorodiphenylether (TCS); 2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxychlorobenzene (PCMX); 3 ,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TCC); 3-trifluoromethyl-4,4'-dichlorocarbanilide (TFC); 2,2'-dihydroxy-3 ,3 ', 5 , 5 ',6, 6'-hexachlorodiphenylmethane; 2,2'-dihydroxy-3.3 ', 5 , 5 '-tetrachlorodiphenylmethane; 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,3',dibromo-5,5'-dichlorodiphenylmethane; 2-hydroxy-4,4'-dichlorodiphenylether; 2-hydroxy-3,5',4-tribromodiphenylether; and 1 -hydroxyl-4-methyl-6-(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl
• the skin cleansers herein can contain a variety of nonessential, optional ingredients suitable for improving such compositions in a variety of ways.
• Such conventional, optional ingredients are well known to those skilled in the art, e.g., antibacterial agents and preservatives such as HMDM Hydantoin, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, 3-isothiazolines (Kathon CG sold by Rohm and Haas), imidazolidinyl urea, methylchloroisothiazolinone, and methylisothiazolinone can be used in amounts of from 1 to 5,000 ppm; thickeners and viscosity modifiers such as sodium sulfate, polyethylene glycols, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethyl alcohol; suspending agents such as magnesium aluminum silicate; perfumes, dyes; opacifiers such as ethylene glycol distearate, glycol mono
• a body puff or sponge which is made of nylon mesh in the shape of a round sponge (about 4.5 inches in diameter) which when used in conjunction with this invention, is an effective system which enhances the delivery of mild skin cleansing and skin conditioning benefits.
• a puff is manufactured by the sponge factory (Bilange).
• the puff is comprised of three pieces of extruded tubular netting (scrim) which is folded numerous times to form a soft ball-like sponge, with a nylon rope attached.
• a suitable system of this type is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08/080,668, filed June 18, 1993, Gordon, et al.
• Water/Solvent is low at 50 - 76 parts, medium at 76 - 90 parts and high at 90- 94 parts
• Cocamidopropyl Betaine is an Amphoteric and is low at 3 - 4 parts, midium at 4 - 8 parts and high at 8 - 10 parts
• MES*/Anionic is low at 3 - 4 parts, mid at 4 - 8 parts and high at 8 - 10 parts
• N-acylamino acid surfactant/ Anionic lather booster is 0 1 - 0 25, 0 25 - 1 , and 1 - 3 parts, respectively
• the present invention comprises a method of washing the skin by contacting the skin with an amount of the cleanser compositions herein which is effective to clean the skin and rinsing the excess cleanser from the skin
• an effective amount for any individual will depend upon variable factors such as amount of soil on the skin, type of soil on the skin, level of surfactant in the cleanser composition, etc Generally, an effective amount will be from about 0 5 to about 5 grams per use
• Example 1 This example has ultra mildness because the relative levels of Cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium laureth sulfate are close to one another. Mildness is optimized when these two surfactants are close to a one to one anionic to amphoteric ratio on a molar basis. These two surfactants have comparable molecular weights.
• Example 2 This example shows that mildness can be sustained even when raising surfactant levels of sodium laureth sulfate and sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. It is important to keep the relative ratio of cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium laureth sulfate close to one another (e.g., this ratio can range from 2: 1 to 1 : 1.5; preferably 1 :5: 1 to 1 : 1.5).
• Example 3 This example shows mildness being further enhanced by the further addi ⁇ tion of polymer.
• Polymer acts as a humectant, preventing moisture loss from the skin. It also reduces the penetration of surfactant into the stratum corneum.
• Comparative Example A A leading commerically available liquid hand soap.
• Example 4 shows that the product can have more sodium laureth sul ⁇ fate than cocamidopropyl betaine.
• Example 5 This example shows that the product can have more cocamidopropyl betaine than sodium laureth sulfate.
• Polyquaternium 10 0.05 0.05
• Example 6 This example shows increased the lather generation when Polyquaternium- 10 is in the presence of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate These two materials interact in such a way as to unexpectedly boost lather volumes The full volume potential is not reached when both of these materials are not present
• Example 7 This example shows the low lather generation when both Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate and Polyquaternium- 10 are not present
• Example 8 This example shows low lather generation when Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate is not present
• Example 9 This example shows low lather generation when Polyquaternium- 10 is not present
• Polyquaternium 10 0 1 — 0 1 —
• Citric Acid 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25 0 25
• Example 10 This example shows lather generation can be increased by increasing the level of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate The presence of Polyquaternium 10 is needed to see an unexpected lather boost
• Example 1 1 This example shows higher levels of Polyquaternium 10
• Example 12 This table gives an example of a possible use for this product as an antibacterial.
• Antibacterial liquid cleansers made in accordance w'th this invention are ultra mild

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• 1994
  • 1994-11-16 BR BR9408161A patent/BR9408161A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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