WO1995011206A1 - Composting apparatus - Google Patents
Composting apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995011206A1 WO1995011206A1 PCT/AU1994/000635 AU9400635W WO9511206A1 WO 1995011206 A1 WO1995011206 A1 WO 1995011206A1 AU 9400635 W AU9400635 W AU 9400635W WO 9511206 A1 WO9511206 A1 WO 9511206A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composting
- waste
- engaging members
- assisting apparatus
- rotatable
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/921—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially horizontally between inlet and discharge means
- C05F17/943—Means for combined mixing and conveying
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Definitions
- This invention relates to composting assisting apparatus.
- the problem to which this invention is directed relates to the need for efficient and effective promotion of the composting process with respect to existing waste and in particular to municipal solid waste.
- composting assisting apparatus comprising a support frame rotatably supporting a plurality of engaging members the engaging members arranged so as to be jointly rotatable about an axis transversely orientated to a forward direction when the support frame is forwardly advancing, and rotational drive means adapted to rotate the engaging means when the support frame is being caused to be moved forwardly such that waste engaged by the engaging members will be caused to be broken up and to be aerated.
- water distribution means adapted to introduce water into the waste during the duration of aeration.
- the engaging means are each in the form of a blade.
- rotatable means each supporting the plurality of engaging members so that each will be jointly rotatable about an axis transversely orientated to a forward direction when the support frame is forwardly advancing, and rotational drive means are adapted to rotate the rotatable means in the same rotational direction.
- the engaging members are in the form of blades which are each positioned and shaped such that the rotation results in some of the waste being caused to move from a first outer side toward a middle location and from a second outer side toward a middle location.
- the engaging members are in the form of blades which are each positioned so as to be located on one of at least two helical paths aligned around the respective rotatable axis of the rotating means, an apex of which two helical paths is located at a middle between the outer ends of the rotating means, and the left or right handedness of the respective helical paths being such that as the rotating means rotates, the gap between the successive blades passing a selected point will be wider on most occasions upon each successive passing.
- the direction of rotation of the respective rotating means is such that as the support means moves forwardly, the blades are being caused to move forwardly and upwardly.
- the engaging members being in the form of a blade and then shaped so as to both cut and throw the material with the same action, there is provided a very powerful mechanism in which the apparatus can present into waste which is laid out in windrows so that the waste can be treated on a regular and rapid basis to maintain adequate air and moisture content for the promotion of maximum aerobic decomposition.
- each engaging member is attached to a drum which comprises the rotatable means and each blade is attached to the drum through a pivotal connection and a shear pin.
- a method for assisting composting which comprises the steps of laying waste in a windrow and then engaging the waste so laid out with a plurality of engaging members which are supported by a support frame which is caused to move forward, such that the engaging means engage the waste so as to break this up and aerate it.
- the method further includes steps of introducing water during the aeration of the waste.
- the engaging members can be in the form of flails.
- the composting assisting apparatus can further comprise two rotatable means each supporting a plurality of engaging members arranged so that a second of these rotatable means is positioned behind the first and at a somewhat elevated height above a first rotatable means and arranged so as to operate in cooperation with the first rotatable means such that waste being engaged by engaging members on the first rotatable means will be raised so as to also be subsequently handled and aerated by engaging members on the second rotatable means.
- the means for rotating the drum may take the form of an engine mounted on the chassis (eg diesel, electric, petrol or LP gas powered engine) together with servicing ancillaries.
- the engine may be coupled by a drive train, which may be gear and chain, belt, or gear box, to the drum.
- the drive train may, if necessary include a torque converter.
- the engine and ancillaries may be enclosed in a protective cabinet and the quick release coupling is fixed to that part of the chassis also supporting the engine, such that this portion of the apparatus is directly in front of the driver of the propelling vehicle.
- the cabin of the propelling vehicle may contain a control console allowing the operator to control and monitor all functions of the drum rotating engine, and the water level in the water tank.
- FIG 1 is an oblique view of a composting assisting apparatus (or composting apparatus for short) according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG 2 is a rear view of the apparatus of FIG 1 (with rear panel and curtain removed, and the secondary drum not shown);
- FIG 3 is a side view of the apparatus of FIG 1 from the left;
- FIG 4 is a side view of the apparatus of FIG 1 from the right;
- FIG 5 is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG 1 (with top panel removed and secondary drum not shown);
- FIG 6 is a further side view similar to FIG 3 showing the two drums
- FIG 7 is a cross sectional view along the lines X-X in FIG 1 ;
- FIG 8 is a view from the front of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG 9 is a cross sectional view along the lines 9-9 in FIG 8.
- FIG 10 is a somewhat enlarged perspective view of the rotatable drum on the plurality of engaging members namely blades held so as to be at an offset angle to a forwardly rotating direction.
- a composting apparatus generally indicated as 20, comprises a chassis (not shown) supported on a pair of wheels (outer and inner) 3, 3a, one of which is mounted on a swivel support 2.
- the chassis supports an engine, gear box, radiator and fuel tank (not shown) all housed within the cabinet 1.
- Located beneath cabinet 1 is a quick release coupling 4 for coupling the chassis to a prime mover 13, eg a water truck or tip truck with a water tank.
- a further cabinet 10 housing a drum 5 mounted therein for rotation.
- Drum 5 has anchored thereon two sets of flails 6a, 6b, each set of flails 6a, 6b, being arranged on one half of the drum 5 along two parallel helical rows, the respective flails in the two rows being relatively staggered.
- the helical rows on the two halves of the drums 5 are respectively left and right handed.
- a scraper bar 9 extends along the full length of the drum cabinet 10 beneath the drum 5.
- Drum cabinet 10 also houses a secondary drum 11 having the same dimensions as drum 5 but does not extend to the plane of inner wheel 3a as is the case with drum 5.
- Drum 11 has the same number of flails 7a, 7b and the same disposition of flails as is the case with drum 5.
- Drum cabinet 10 is also provided with a flexible curtain 14 at the rear thereof.
- drum cabinet 10 On the top of drum cabinet 10 are provided a plurality of water outlets (spray nozzles) 15 connected via a flexible pipe 16 to a water tank (not shown) located on prime mover 13, via quick coupling 12.
- the flails are set in two groupings, being left and right handed and are so arranged that those to the left of centre throw to the right and those right of centre throw to the left.
- moisturising is effected in situ.
- propulsion is effected by a prime mover which can be detachably attached to the chassis of the composting apparatus where the prime mover also serves as the water supply.
- Propulsion of existing machines through the windrows is either by self propulsion or by front end loader.
- Self propelled machinery is necessarily more expensive than that which relies on an external source of propulsion.
- existing apparatus which utilises a tractor/front end loader also require the services of a water tanker. In this case, the combined apparatus on the one hand may exceed the capital value of the self propelled apparatus on the other.
- the driver can maintain vigil over the effectiveness of the turning operation and may vary the speed of travel through the windrow and/or the speed or rotation of the flail;
- the use of a water tanker as the prime mover which need not be a dedicated tanker, but a tank-carrying tip truck, reduces the capital cost of machinery by almost half.
- the prime mover can then hitch the trailer, and after securing the composter in place, the whole plant can be transported to another site, unloading being by simply the reverse of the loading procedure.
- a crane may be necessary for loading and unloading, while over-dimensional transport equipment requiring special permits for transportation to alternative sites, may be required.
- the support arrangement for the engaging members is generally the same as in the first embodiment including a rotatable drum shown in this case as 20 and 21.
- FIGS 8-10 The addition in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS 8-10 includes blades 22 the shape and effect and position being such that the waste is more effectively engaged and effectively thrown to affect the aeration.
- Each of the blades 22 has a shape which is generally of a planar shape and of rectilinear external proportions, and has a leading edge shown at 23 which is sharpened so as to assist in breaking through and cutting parts of the waste material.
- the orientation of the leading face is offset in the manner of the blade so as in this case to be 10° to the plane vertical to the forwardly advancing direction to the support frame 24.
- each blade 22 is attached to the drum 20 and 21 through a support bracket 25 which is directly welded to the respective drum 20 and 21.
- Each blade 22 is attached to the bracket 25 by having both a bolt 26 and a shear pin 27 passing mutually therethrough.
- each blade 22 can be individually removable in the event of damage and if unduly high forces prevail each blade 22 can release some pressure by shearing the respective shear pin 27 allowing the blade 22 to pivot about the more inwardly located and stronger bolt 26.
- the apparatus is caused to move forwardly into an extending windrow of municipal waste, and the blades 22 and 25 are caused to rotate so that as the support frame 24 moves forwardly, the blades 22 and 25 as they come to a front of the support frame 24 will be caused to move forwardly and upwardly into the presented waste.
- the support frame 24 rotatably supports a plurality of helically aligned and individually inclined blades 22 arranged on two parallel drums 20 and 21 so as to be rotatable about an axis transversely orientated to a forward direction when the support frame 24 is forwardly advancing, and there are means 15 and 16 to introduce water into waste at locations where the waste will be airborne from the effect of the blades 22 , rotational drive means arranged to rotate the blades 22 when the support frame 24 is being caused to be moved forwardly altogether such that waste engaged by the blades 22 will be caused to both broken up, aerated and directed toward a centre location as the support frame moves forwardly.
- the blades 22 are supported such that they are arranged to follow helical paths with contrahand orientations meeting in a centre so that the distance between the blades will successively increase past any point the result of this being to assist at least to some extent the unnecessary double encountering of the same rubbish by successive blades.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP94930860A EP0724550A4 (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Composting apparatus |
JP51109495A JPH09503991A (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Composting device |
AU79847/94A AU686676B2 (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Composting apparatus |
NZ274772A NZ274772A (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Composting apparatus; mobile system comprising a support frame incorporating members which rotate about an axis transverse to the forward motion of the apparatus so as to break up waste |
US08/970,244 US6047910A (en) | 1994-10-20 | 1997-11-13 | Composting apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPM191093 | 1993-10-20 | ||
AUPM1910 | 1993-10-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995011206A1 true WO1995011206A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
Family
ID=3777286
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU1994/000635 WO1995011206A1 (en) | 1993-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Composting apparatus |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0724550A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH09503991A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1134144A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2174640A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ274772A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995011206A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6595442B1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 2003-07-22 | Enviro-Mulch Pty Ltd. | Method and apparatus for mulching waste |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102847594A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2013-01-02 | 张鲁刚 | Biomass crusher knife roller |
CN103575080B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2016-01-13 | 山东恒远利废技术发展有限公司 | A kind of energy-efficient sticky material dryer |
CN104056701B (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2016-08-17 | 常州汉森机械有限公司 | A kind of suspension type brush disintegrating mechanism |
CN104826711A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-12 | 佛山市溶洲建筑陶瓷二厂有限公司 | Raw material mixing and grinding device for ceramic dry granulation |
CN105293093A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-02-03 | 广东省现代农业装备研究所 | High-bed breeding litter turning device |
CN105536947A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-04 | 天紫环保装备制造(天津)有限公司 | Crushing structure of double-shaft crusher |
CN109984369A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 上海新型烟草制品研究院有限公司 | A kind of buccal cigarette powder prepares production line |
CN112090547A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-18 | 广州伽年科技有限公司 | Communication cable processing extruder with crushing function |
CN113600308A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-11-05 | 广东隽诺环保科技股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment equipment |
Citations (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1686953A (en) * | 1924-12-29 | 1928-10-09 | Ralston B Brown | Mixing apparatus |
DE936667C (en) * | 1953-08-08 | 1955-12-15 | Josef Karpf | Machine for cutting food, especially meat |
GB1349406A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1974-04-03 | Stephan & Soehne | Comminuting apparatus for foodstuffs |
GB1382064A (en) * | 1971-08-24 | 1975-01-29 | Griffin G D | Composting machine |
DE2513988A1 (en) * | 1975-03-29 | 1976-10-07 | Fahr Ag Maschf | Compost heap transposing machine - for aerating and moistening the transposed material during motion |
US4154407A (en) * | 1976-07-09 | 1979-05-15 | Etablissements E. & M. Lamort | Reducing drum for the extraction of cellulosic matters |
EP0085000A1 (en) * | 1982-01-20 | 1983-08-03 | Association Point d'Acces Technologique 81 | Apparatus for composting elements of different origins by aerobic fermentation |
DE3206391A1 (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-09-01 | Ernst 7326 Heiningen Weichel | Transfer appliance for mass products, for example compost |
EP0255103A2 (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-02-03 | Josef Willibald | Combinatory apparatus for the chemical preparation of organic material for the purpose of composting |
EP0370181A1 (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1990-05-30 | Draiswerke GmbH | Continuously working mixer |
EP0387868A2 (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-19 | Klöckner Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH | Shredding apparatus for waste wood |
WO1990013527A1 (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1990-11-15 | American Trencher Inc. | Compost windrow turner |
EP0429883A2 (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-06-05 | Gabriele Bottai | System and devices for the preparation of recovery products from waste and the like, in particular of enriched soil amendment |
EP0448968A2 (en) * | 1990-03-26 | 1991-10-02 | J. WILLIBALD GMBH Maschinenfabrik | Apparatus for shifting and turning of compost piles |
DE4134018A1 (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1992-09-10 | Bodenoekologisches Labor Breme | Composting system for organic waste material and contaminated soils - has crane-mounted mixing head in form of grab and/or mixing rollers which move over composting material and provide continuous mixing |
EP0521357A2 (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1993-01-07 | DANECO DANIELI ECOLOGIA SpA | Machine to aerate compost in heaps |
DE4215599A1 (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-18 | Heissenberger & Pretzler Gmbh | Compost turning machine - has carrier frame towable by tractor |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5001894A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-03-26 | Slater James A | Bearing guard for compost turner |
DE9003196U1 (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1990-06-21 | Mengele Epple Maschinenbau Ges.m.b.H., Krenglbach | Device for turning a compost heap |
US5253467A (en) * | 1992-02-20 | 1993-10-19 | Sims Jr Fletcher | Composting apparatus |
-
1994
- 1994-10-20 EP EP94930860A patent/EP0724550A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-10-20 CN CN94193879A patent/CN1134144A/en active Pending
- 1994-10-20 WO PCT/AU1994/000635 patent/WO1995011206A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-10-20 CA CA002174640A patent/CA2174640A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-20 JP JP51109495A patent/JPH09503991A/en active Pending
- 1994-10-20 NZ NZ274772A patent/NZ274772A/en unknown
Patent Citations (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1686953A (en) * | 1924-12-29 | 1928-10-09 | Ralston B Brown | Mixing apparatus |
DE936667C (en) * | 1953-08-08 | 1955-12-15 | Josef Karpf | Machine for cutting food, especially meat |
GB1349406A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1974-04-03 | Stephan & Soehne | Comminuting apparatus for foodstuffs |
GB1382064A (en) * | 1971-08-24 | 1975-01-29 | Griffin G D | Composting machine |
DE2513988A1 (en) * | 1975-03-29 | 1976-10-07 | Fahr Ag Maschf | Compost heap transposing machine - for aerating and moistening the transposed material during motion |
US4154407A (en) * | 1976-07-09 | 1979-05-15 | Etablissements E. & M. Lamort | Reducing drum for the extraction of cellulosic matters |
EP0085000A1 (en) * | 1982-01-20 | 1983-08-03 | Association Point d'Acces Technologique 81 | Apparatus for composting elements of different origins by aerobic fermentation |
DE3206391A1 (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-09-01 | Ernst 7326 Heiningen Weichel | Transfer appliance for mass products, for example compost |
EP0255103A2 (en) * | 1986-07-29 | 1988-02-03 | Josef Willibald | Combinatory apparatus for the chemical preparation of organic material for the purpose of composting |
EP0370181A1 (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1990-05-30 | Draiswerke GmbH | Continuously working mixer |
EP0387868A2 (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-19 | Klöckner Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH | Shredding apparatus for waste wood |
WO1990013527A1 (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1990-11-15 | American Trencher Inc. | Compost windrow turner |
EP0429883A2 (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-06-05 | Gabriele Bottai | System and devices for the preparation of recovery products from waste and the like, in particular of enriched soil amendment |
EP0448968A2 (en) * | 1990-03-26 | 1991-10-02 | J. WILLIBALD GMBH Maschinenfabrik | Apparatus for shifting and turning of compost piles |
DE4134018A1 (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1992-09-10 | Bodenoekologisches Labor Breme | Composting system for organic waste material and contaminated soils - has crane-mounted mixing head in form of grab and/or mixing rollers which move over composting material and provide continuous mixing |
EP0521357A2 (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1993-01-07 | DANECO DANIELI ECOLOGIA SpA | Machine to aerate compost in heaps |
DE4215599A1 (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-18 | Heissenberger & Pretzler Gmbh | Compost turning machine - has carrier frame towable by tractor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DERWENT ABSTRACT, Accession No. 86-314915/48; & JP,A,61 232 289 (EBARA MFG KK), 16 October 1986. * |
See also references of EP0724550A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6595442B1 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 2003-07-22 | Enviro-Mulch Pty Ltd. | Method and apparatus for mulching waste |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2174640A1 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
NZ274772A (en) | 1998-04-27 |
EP0724550A4 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
JPH09503991A (en) | 1997-04-22 |
EP0724550A1 (en) | 1996-08-07 |
CN1134144A (en) | 1996-10-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5666794A (en) | Flail mower attachment for a skid steer vehicle | |
CA2188617C (en) | Implement carrier and method for using | |
US6047749A (en) | Stump grinding apparatus | |
US4676688A (en) | Self-contained mobile crushing station | |
WO1995011206A1 (en) | Composting apparatus | |
US4397674A (en) | Material treatment and windrowing apparatus | |
US5586731A (en) | Compost mixing and aerating apparatus | |
US6572039B1 (en) | Variable mulch handling and dispersing apparatus | |
US4458763A (en) | Soil stabilizer machine with recycler screen | |
US5893262A (en) | Material aerating and mixing machine | |
US5253467A (en) | Composting apparatus | |
US5660217A (en) | Stump grinder | |
US6047910A (en) | Composting apparatus | |
US4971476A (en) | Road retreatment plant | |
AU686676B2 (en) | Composting apparatus | |
EP0628661B1 (en) | Roadfinisher | |
DE69709380T2 (en) | DEEP CLEANING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR USE THEREOF | |
DE102008015242B4 (en) | Heck care device | |
US6382828B1 (en) | Apparatus for turning and/or mixing a flat bed compost | |
US3929294A (en) | Waste wood reduction machine | |
DE102022126170A1 (en) | SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR EMPTYING MATERIAL IN MILLING CHAMBER | |
EP0485916B1 (en) | Aerating machine | |
US4396292A (en) | Windrowing-type composting apparatus | |
US3562933A (en) | Rotary snow removing machine | |
US5803379A (en) | Composting apparatus |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 94193879.4 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AM AT AU BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CZ DE DK EE ES FI GB GE HU JP KE KG KP KR KZ LK LR LT LU LV MD MG MN MW NL NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SI SK TJ TT UA US UZ VN |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): KE MW SD SZ AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2174640 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1994930860 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 274772 Country of ref document: NZ |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 1996 633783 Country of ref document: US Date of ref document: 19960625 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1994930860 Country of ref document: EP |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1994930860 Country of ref document: EP |