WO1995008513A1 - Biocomposite comprenant un micro-organisme ainsi qu'un additif dans une matrice de formulation de biorestauration et de lutte antipollution - Google Patents

Biocomposite comprenant un micro-organisme ainsi qu'un additif dans une matrice de formulation de biorestauration et de lutte antipollution Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995008513A1
WO1995008513A1 PCT/US1994/010853 US9410853W WO9508513A1 WO 1995008513 A1 WO1995008513 A1 WO 1995008513A1 US 9410853 W US9410853 W US 9410853W WO 9508513 A1 WO9508513 A1 WO 9508513A1
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Prior art keywords
biocomposite
microorganism
soil
cells
encapsulated
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PCT/US1994/010853
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English (en)
Inventor
Jian-Er Lin
James G. Mueller
P. Hap Pritchard
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Sbp Technologies, Inc.
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Publication of WO1995008513A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995008513A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1231—Treatments of toxic sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
    • C02F3/108—Immobilising gels, polymers or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • Biodegradation technologies employing specially selected microorganisms capable of utilizing high molecular weight (HMW) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as a sole source of carbon and energy have proved their effectiveness toward bioremediation of soils contaminated with wood preservatives (creosote and pentachlorophenol) and related wastes (i.e., contaminated sludge).
  • HMW high molecular weight
  • PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
  • a major limitation associated with the transfer of these technologies from the laboratory to the field relates to the reliable introduction, or application, of viable, catabolically active microorganisms.
  • Encapsulation is defined as the inclusion of microbial cells in a matrix (i.e., capsule) that are released when needed. Release of the encapsulated microbial cells may be controlled by several mechanisms, including water dissolution of the matrix material.
  • Cell immobilization fixes microbial cells within a matrix or on a support surface (i.e., carrier) where biodegradation can occur.
  • PNA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PU polyurethane
  • the HMW PAH compounds have a very low water solubility. Hence, these compounds are usually absorbed onto soils and other solid matrices. Soil slurry reactors (Mueller, J.G, S.E. Lentz, B.O. Blattman, P.J. Chapman [1991] Environ. Sci. Technol. 25:1055-1061), landfarming, and composting represent common approaches to dealing with soil contaminated by these compounds.
  • Bioreactors are, in general advantageous as compared to these bioremediation approaches (e.g., composting, land farming, and in situ treatment) because the physicochemical variables (e.g., pH, nutrient concentrations, biomass, oxygen-transfer rate, contaminant loading rate, etc.) of a bioreactor can be precisely controlled. Conditions in a bioreactor can be optimized for the desired microbial activities in order to maximize performance.
  • previous attempts to apply bioreactor technologies to the treatment of soil and water contaminated wit the chemicals found in organic wood preservatives have often proven unsuccessful (Dooley-Dana, M., M. Findley [1989] Abstracts, American Society for Microbiology, Annual Meeting, May 14-18, 1989, New La, LA, p.
  • the subject invention pertains to a unique formulation technology utilizing a microorganism with a capacity for degradation of an organic contaminant, e.g., a HMW, PAH or an organic pesticide.
  • an organic contaminant e.g., a HMW, PAH or an organic pesticide.
  • the storage property and degrading activity of the microorganism is superior using the subject encapsulation and immobilization techniques.
  • the technology includes techniques for formulating a microorganism in an encapsulation or immobilization matrix. These include PNA encapsulation, vermiculite formulation, and PU immobilization can be used. Exemplified herein are biocomposites of PAH-degradative Pseudomonas strains and a pesticide-degrading A Iccuigenes strain. It would be further understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art that other microbial strains, including Mycobacterium strains, can also be used.
  • additives e.g., adsorbents, nutrients, or densification agents
  • adsorbents e.g., adsorbents, nutrients, or densification agents
  • polyurethane-immobilized cells and co-immobilized cells and additives adsorbents, nutrients, and densification agents
  • adsorbents, nutrients, and densification agents can be used according to the subject invention to degrade contaminants in aqueous media without a significant effect on degrading activity.
  • co-immobilizing slow- release formulations of nutrients in a polymer matrix a major part of the nutrients can be provided to only the target microorganism, thereby reducing negative effects on the environment.
  • the subject invention further concerns a method for bioremediation of contaminated soil, air or water comprising contacting a novel biocomposite as described by the subject invention with the contaminated soil, air, or water.
  • This can uniquely be applicable to the combination of a groundwater circulation well with an immobilized-cell bioreactor for in situ bioremediation of contaminated soil and groundwater.
  • An immobilized-cell biocatalyst containing specially selected microorganisms, and additives, e.g., adsorbents, density agents, and nutrients, can be accommodated in the bioreactor and integrated into the groundwater circulation process.
  • Figure 1 shows phenanthrene mineralization by free and PNA-encapsulated strain CRE 7 in SIU soil slurry (sterile).
  • Figure 2 shows fluoranthene mineralization by free and PNA-encapsulated strain EPA 505 in SIU soil slurry (sterile).
  • Figure 3 shows phenanthrene mineralization by free and PNA-encapsulated strain CRE 7 in SIU soil slurry (sterile) under a solid-state condition.
  • Figure 4 shows fluoranthene mineralization by free and PVA-encapsulated strain EPA 505 in SIU soil slurry (sterile) under a solid-state condition.
  • Figure 5 shows phenanthrene mineralization by free and vermiculite-carried strain CRE 7 in SIU soil slurry (sterile).
  • Figure 6 shows fluoranthene mineralization by free and vermiculite-carried strain EPA 505 in SIU soil slurry (sterile).
  • Figure 7 shows phenanthrene mineralization by free and vermiculite-carried strain CRE 7 in SIU soil slurry (sterile) under a solid-state condition.
  • Figure 8 shows fluoranthene mineralization by free and vermiculite-carried strain EPA 505 in SIU soil slurry (sterile) under a solid-state condition.
  • Figure 9 shows mineralization profiles of fluoranthene by non-immobilized and polyurethane-immobilized cells of strain EPA 505 with different adsorbents.
  • Figure 10 shows mineralization profiles of fluoranthene by polyurethane- immobilized cells of strain EPA 505 with encapsulated or external nitrogen and phosphate sources.
  • Figure 11 shows the effect of densification agents on fluoranthene mineralization by polyurethane-immobilized strain EPA 505.
  • Figure 12 shows a groundwater circulation well with an integrated immobilized-cell bioreactor.
  • the subject invention concerns the use of formulation techniques, e.g., encapsulation or immobilization techniques, including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) encapsulation, vermiculite formulation, and polyurethane immobilization, for enhancing the biodegradation of organic environmental contaminants including high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (HMW PAH) compounds.
  • formulation techniques e.g., encapsulation or immobilization techniques, including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) encapsulation, vermiculite formulation, and polyurethane immobilization, for enhancing the biodegradation of organic environmental contaminants including high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (HMW PAH) compounds.
  • a microorganism so encapsulated or immobilized is termed a biocomposite.
  • Other constituents can also be included in these biocomposites.
  • the biocomposites prepared with these techniques can be selectively used in treating soil (or other solids), water, and vapor phase.
  • the subject invention concerns organic contaminant-degrading, e.g., PAH-degrading, microorganisms encapsulated or immobilized using the techniques described.
  • the microorganisms include, but are not limited to: (1) Pseudomonas sp. strain CRE 7 (a phenanthrene degrader); and (2) Pseudomonas paucimobilis strain EPA 505 (a fluoranthene degrader).
  • the pesticide-degrading microorganism Alcaligenes eutrophus (2,4-D degrader) exemplified herein, was used. It would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art that other microbial strains are also capable of being used according to the subject invention.
  • PVA-encapsulated cells can be stored at 4RC for at least two months with less than 2 log reduction in their viability.
  • Nermiculite-carried strain CRE 7 can result in less than 1 log reduction in viability when stored at room temperature for two months. Viability of strain EPA 505 reduced only by about 3 log under the same conditions. Polyurethane encapsulation can also be used without significant loss of viability.
  • the PNA-encapsulated and vermiculite- carried PAH-degrading microorganisms are effective under both slurry-phase and solid-phase conditions.
  • the PNA capsules and vermiculite carriers can advantageously be stored for an extended period of time and they are also, advantageously, easily distributed. These two preparations of inoculants can maintain high degrading activity, and provide slow-release or continuous cells. Thus, these two techniques can be used to treat PAH-contaminated soils and solids.
  • the subject invention also pertains to the combination of a groundwater circulation well with an immobilized cell bioreactor used, e.g., for in situ bioremediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. See Figure 12.
  • This combined system has not been previously described to be successful with HMW PAHs or similar compounds.
  • the subject invention employs an immobilized-cell biocatalyst, specially- selected contaminant-degraders, adsorbents, density agents, or nutrients in the bioreactor which can be integrated into the groundwater circulation process.
  • the groundwater circulation technology produces a groundwater convection cell in the aquifer around the remediation well.
  • the circulating groundwater continuously transports contaminants to the well to be contacted by the biocomposite in the bioreactor.
  • the subject invention further pertains to the co-immobilization of powdered diatomaceous earth with the microorganisms in a polyurethane matrix.
  • diatomaceous earth can be used as an adsorbent.
  • the compound adsorbed on the diatomaceous earth powder can be more readily desorbed and made available to the organisms, due to the lower binding capacity of diatomaceous earth.
  • the use of diatomaceous earth can increase the mechanical strength of polyurethane pellets.
  • the use of diatomaceous earth can provide more surface to accommodate cells.
  • co-encapsulation of unique, slow- release nitrogen and phosphorous sources are used with organisms in the polyurethane matrix.
  • these unique phosphorous and nitrogen sources can be soybean lecithin and phenylacetylurea, respectively. These two substances have low water solubilities, and thus advantageously meet the need for the slow release of the nutrients, thereby, supporting the bioremediation by the immobilized cells.
  • Density agents can also be co-encapsulated with organisms in the polyurethane matrix. Furthermore, it was determined that silica was a suitable density agent for the purposes of bioremediation.
  • the cells co-immobilized in a polyurethane matrix with a density agent, e.g., silica can also be used in an in situ treatment process.
  • Polyurethane immobilization technique provides reusable inoculants (without wash-out of the cells) in a continuous operating system.
  • This immobilization technology in conjunction with bioreactors, can be used in treating aqueous systems and vapor phases. This approach can effect several clean-up mechanisms, including soil flushing, adsorption, and eventually biodegradation in both the bioreactor and the contaminated matrix. Treating soils and groundwater contaminated with high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can be achieved with these specially designed immobilized cells.
  • Cold-water soluble PNA can also be used to encapsulate contaminant-degrading cells, including PAH-degrading microorganisms.
  • Various additives, including nutrients and electron acceptors, can also be co-encapsulated in the PVA.
  • nutrients which can be co-encapsulated include inorganic and organic nutrients (as nitrogen and phosphorous sources), including inorganic nitrogen and phosphate, skim milk, fish protein, yeast extract, and Bio2, with the degradative organisms in the PVA capsules.
  • skim milk and yeast extract were an unpredictably good nutrient source in terms of supporting the cell viability and the biodegradation.
  • Dissolution of the PVA capsules, and thus release of the encapsulated materials can be controlled by manipulating the amount of water used, mode of water addition, or by varying the materials blended with PVA or by using PVAs with different molecular weights.
  • Controlled release of the microbe or the co-encapsulated material using PVA-encapsulated PAH-degrading cells can advantageously reduce the need for repeated inoculation which can be required in certain bioremediation projects due to the inhibitory effects of indigenous microbes or hazardous environments.
  • the PVA-encapsulated cells were successfully used in soil (sediment) slurry bioreactors and soil (sediment) composting and landfarming processes.
  • the PVA capsules dissolve rapidly and release the inoculants for biodegradation.
  • the PVA-encapsulated cells can be slowly released by adding a given amount of water and by using suitable agitation modes.
  • the timed-release, or controlled-release, of biodegradation components can thus be effective for managed bioremediation and pollution prevention.
  • the PVA and vermiculite technologies of the subject invention were used to produce, store, and distribute the PAH-degrader EPA505 to a treatment system or contaminated site.
  • Vermiculite-carried organisms e.g., EPA505
  • EPA505 soil (sediment) slurry bioreactors and soil (sediment) composting and landfarming processes.
  • the viability of vermiculite-carried microorganisms can advantageously be maintained at room temperature.
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • the mixture was transferred into a 3 ml syringe. Droplets of the mixture were dropped through a needle (20G11/2) into 100 ml of the cold hexane. After the hexane was discarded, the formed capsules were dried in a freeze dryer for about 15 hours. Co-encapsulating an additive within the PVA matrix was achieved by standard procedures. Koalin (aluminum silicate) was also incorporated into the PVA capsule.
  • vermiculite carriers Preparation of vermiculite carriers.
  • Vermiculite (Grade 3; Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, WI) was ground in a Willey mill. Vermiculite particles (100 mesh; 2 g) and LB broth (3 ml) were added to a flask. The flask was autoclaved at 121RC for 30 minutes. The vermiculite with the growth medium was then inoculated with a desired amount of liquid inoculum (ca 10 7 cells/ml). The inoculated vermiculite was then incubated and stored at room temperature until used. Immobilization and co-immobilization using polyurethane (PU).
  • PU polyurethane
  • the PU- immobilized cells were rinsed three times with phosphate buffer during cutting of the foam, and the finished PU-immobilized cells were used for the experiments.
  • various additives were incorporated into the polyurethane prepolymer with the first 1.5 ml of phosphate buffer.
  • powdered activated carbon 0.05 g
  • diatomaceous earth 2.0 g
  • Other adsorbents which could be co-immobilized with the cells in PU would be recognized by those persons of ordinary skill in the art.
  • soybean lecithin 0.2 g
  • phenylacetylurea 0.2 g
  • diatomaceous earth 2.0 g
  • distilled water instead of phosphate buffer, was used to rinse the formed co-immobilized cells in order to reduce the possible interference from the phosphate buffer.
  • Other sources could also be used, as would be readily accepted in the art.
  • PVA-encapsulated, vermiculite-carried, or free cells each with a known bacterial number, were added into each flask to a desired inoculum concentration.
  • One milliliter of 2 N NaOH solution was placed in the side arm of the flask to trap the 14 CO 2 produced.
  • PVA-encapsulated cells were also used in the soil in a non-predissolved form. All the soil samples were manually mixed before incubation. The soil samples were incubated at 30RC under a stationary condition. The procedure determining the 14 CO 2 produced was the same as described above.
  • PU-immobilized cells were tested in MS (II) medium (with no soil), since the preferred application of these biocomposites is with aqueous phase treatment.
  • the prepared PU-immobilized cells of strain EPA 505 were divided into two equal parts (by weight), and one part of them added into 50 ml of MS (II) medium containing 20 mg of mixed 14 C-labeled and unlabeled fluoranthene. Other procedures were the same as described above for mineralization experiments with soil slurry.
  • Triton X-100 Triton X-100 were added into the soil.
  • the soil was inoculated with PVA-encapsulated, vermiculite-carried, or non-encapsulated cells of strain CRE 7 to a desired inoculum concentration.
  • Four control experiments were also conducted: (1) soil samples using only indigenous organisms (without any inoculation); (2) soil samples using sterile PVA capsules (with no cells encapsulated); (3) soil samples using sterile vermiculite (containing LB broth and no cells); and (4) sterile soil without inoculation (heat-killed control). All the soil samples were manually mixed before incubation.
  • the specific mineralization rates based on per unit inoculant for both strains CRE 7 and EPA 505 are shown in Tables 2, 3, 6, and 7.
  • the specific mineralization rates are based on per unit inoculant, which compare the degrading activity of PVA- encapsulated vermiculite-carried inoculants with non-encapsulated microorganisms.
  • the PVA-encapsulated or vermiculite-carried inoculants function as well as the fresh, non-encapsulated cells, which were used as a positive control, in soil slurry and soil solid-phase systems.
  • Non-encapsulated inoculants can only maintain their viability for a short period of time, normally from about 10-30 days.
  • microbial contamination in the non-encapsulated inoculant preparation can be a serious problem. Therefore, PVA-encapsulated or vermiculite-carried inoculants provide a successful approach to maintaining the viability of microorganisms, which the non- encapsulated inoculants cannot achieve.
  • the diameter of the PVA capsules ranges from about 0.8 to 3 mm, and can be regulated during the preparation process.
  • PVA encapsulation including freeze drying
  • Table 2 shows the effects of encapsulating the nutrients 0.1 ml concentration of inorganic nutrient on the viability of PVA-encapsulated A. eutrophus AEO106
  • microorganisms were encapsulated in a matrix which comprises
  • Table 3 shows the effects of encapsulating the additives 25% PEG600, 10% skim milk, 5% fish protein, 5% yeast extract, 5% Bio2, or 5xLB broth on the viability of encapsulated A .
  • eutrophus AEO 106 (pROlOl) cells The microorganisms were encapsulated in a matrix which contained 8% PVA, 1.6% kaolin, 0.8% dextrose, and 0.5 ml cell suspension in a total of 2.5 ml. Inoculant suspension before encapsulation contained (6.0 ⁇ 0.42)xlO ⁇ CFU/ml.
  • Encapsulated cells Encapsulated cells Encapsulated cells and cell suspension) without nutrient and 0.1 ml concentrate 0.1 ml 5% yeast extract of inorganic nutrient solution
  • PVA-encapsulated strain CRE 7 or EPA 505 was first tested in the soil slurry phase spiked with 14 C-labeled phenanthrene or fluoranthene. To increase the solubility of the PAH compounds, a surfactant, Triton X-100, was also used. When the PVA- encapsulated cells were used in soil slurry, the PVA capsules completely dissolved within 30 minutes. The mineralization of phenanthrene by the added encapsulated cells of strain CRE 7 was essentially complete within 33 hrs ( Figure 1). The fluoranthene mineralization by encapsulated strain EPA 505 is shown in Figure 2. In both cases, the mineralization profiles by PVA-encapsulated cells and non- encapsulated cells exhibited similar trends, and their differences were within the experimental deviation (less than 10%). Thus, PVA encapsulation did not significantly decrease the mineralization activity of these strains.
  • PVA-encapsulated strain CRE 7 ( Figure 3) or EPA 505 ( Figure 4) was added into the moist soil in two ways: (1) PVA capsules were dissolved with water prior to the addition; and (2) PVA capsules were used without predissolution. As was seen in the slurry-phase studies, there was no significant difference in the degradation profiles using the pre-dissolved PVA capsules and the non-encapsulated cells of either strain. When the non-predissolved capsules were used as inoculants in the soil, no obvious dissolution of the PVA capsules was observed. The commencement of the biodegradation by the non-predissolved capsules was delayed.
  • Inoculant concentration (10 7 Mineralization rate b ( ⁇ g phen./hour-lO 10 CFU) Preparation of inoculant CFU/ml or g) ( ⁇ g phen./ml or g-hour)
  • Encapsulated cells 1.6 ⁇ 0.00 2.8 ⁇ 0.20 1840 ⁇ 340
  • Table 5 shows the degradation of phenanthrene by PVA-encapsulated and non- encapsulated strain CRE 7 and indigenous organisms in the solid-state remediation experiment.
  • Table 5 shows the degradation of phenanthrene by PVA-encapsulated and non- encapsulated strain CRE 7 and indigenous organisms in the solid-state remediation experiment.
  • approximately 60% of phenanthrene in the soil was degraded by PVA-encapsulated, and 40% by non-encapsulated strain CRE 7.
  • the degradation results were inconsistent, as indicated by the large standard deviation value (Table 7).
  • *Data are the average of duplicate treatment samples at day 20.
  • Example 2 Vermiculite-Carried Microorganisms
  • vermiculite-carried microorganisms The moisture content of the vermiculite after inoculation was approximately 200% (w/w). Under this moisture condition, the vermiculite powder absorbed almost all the water added. This wet vermiculite powder served as a solid-state fermentation matrix. Vermiculite-carried strains CRE 7 and EPA 505 were shown to be viable for more than 60 days during incubation and storage at room temperature. Cell number of both vermiculite-carried strains CRE 7 and EPA 505 increased by approximately 10 4 times in the first week, indicating a growth phase for the inoculants on the vermiculite.
  • vermiculite-carried strain CRE 7 During continued storage for about 2 months at room temperature, viability of vermiculite-carried strain CRE 7 decreased by less than 1 log. Under the same storage condition, viability of vermiculite-carried strain EPA 505 reduced by about 3 log. Thus, vermiculite can provide a suitable matrix for cell growth, and the CRE 7 and EPA 505 vermiculite-carried microbial strains can be successfully stored for more than two months without total loss of viability.
  • Values are meanideviation. b Values were obtained by regression of the data of phenanthrene mineralization in the linear region.
  • Values are meanideviation. Values were obtained by regression of the data of fluoranthene mineralization in the linear region.
  • Table 11 shows the degradation of phenanthrene by the vermiculite-carried inoculant, non-immobilized inoculant, and indigenous organisms in the solid-state remediation.
  • Table 11 shows the degradation of phenanthrene by the vermiculite-carried inoculant, non-immobilized inoculant, and indigenous organisms in the solid-state remediation.
  • At day 20 approximately 50% of phenanthrene in the soil was degraded by vermiculite-carried, and 40% by non-immobilized strain CRE 7. These results demonstrate the potential effectiveness of vermiculite-carried inoculants in bioremediation of actual contaminated soils.
  • Table 11 Effect of vermiculite formulation on the activity of strain CRE 7 in solid-state remediation of a creosote-contaminated soil
  • *Data are the average of duplicate treatment samples at day 20.
  • Example 3 PU-immobilized Microorganisms A. Effect of immobilization and co-immobilized adsorbents on the degrading activity. Polyurethane (PU) polymer was used to immobilize Pseudomonas paucimobilis EPA 505 (a fluoranthene degrader). Adsorbent and nutrient powder were also immobilized with the microbial cells. One concern for any immobilization process is its effect on the activity of the microorganisms.
  • PU Polyurethane
  • adsorbents in an immobilization matrix can aid in the rapid removal of toxic compoxmds from the environment.
  • Diatomaceous earth or powdered activated carbon was co-immobilized with strain EPA 505 in a polyurethane matrix.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne le développement de technologies et de stratégies utilisant des souches bactériennes dans la biorestauration et la lutte antipollution. Plus spécifiquement, l'invention concerne l'établissement de plusieurs technologies de formulation adaptées à la production et au stockage de bactéries dégradant les contaminants organiques, et leur utilisation en biodégradation dans la phase aqueuse (eau de surface, eau souterraine), le sol (boue, compostage, épandage des boues sur le sol), et sédiments (compostage, traitement in situ). Les technologies de formulation comprennent l'encapsulation ou l'immobilisation des microbes à l'aide d'une matrice d'alcohol polyvinylique (PVA), d'une vermiculite ou de polyuréthane. On peut également encapsuler ou immobiliser avec ladite matrice des additifs parmi lesquels des substances nutritives, des agents de densification ou des adsorbants.
PCT/US1994/010853 1993-09-24 1994-09-26 Biocomposite comprenant un micro-organisme ainsi qu'un additif dans une matrice de formulation de biorestauration et de lutte antipollution WO1995008513A1 (fr)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997019036A1 (fr) * 1995-11-17 1997-05-29 Helsinki University Licensing Ltd. Oy Procedes de compostage ameliores
EP0800873A2 (fr) * 1996-04-12 1997-10-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé et dispositif pour la décontamination des sols
WO1998013307A1 (fr) * 1996-09-27 1998-04-02 Igor Anatolievich Borzenkov Materiau de type ceramique poreuse immobilisee (cpi) destine a la purification biologique d'eaux usees ou naturelles polluees par des xenobiotiques
EP0849228A2 (fr) * 1996-12-17 1998-06-24 Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. Procédé et garniture pour le traitement des eaux usées
WO1999048823A1 (fr) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-30 Oeko Systeme Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Corps de croissance pour immobiliser des micro-organismes
US7279103B2 (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-10-09 United States Of America Enviromental Protection Agency Process for the purification of acidic metal-bearing waste waters to permissible discharge levels with recovery of marketable metal products
US9403198B1 (en) 2013-08-09 2016-08-02 Todd Franssen Compositions and methods for cleaning contaminated solids and liquids
US10906075B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2021-02-02 Todd Franssen Compositions and methods for cleaning contaminated solids and liquids

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EP0800873A2 (fr) * 1996-04-12 1997-10-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé et dispositif pour la décontamination des sols
US5906932A (en) * 1996-04-12 1999-05-25 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha & Raito Kogyo Co., Ltd. Process for soil remediation and apparatus used therefor
EP0800873A3 (fr) * 1996-04-12 1998-08-26 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé et dispositif pour la décontamination des sols
WO1998013307A1 (fr) * 1996-09-27 1998-04-02 Igor Anatolievich Borzenkov Materiau de type ceramique poreuse immobilisee (cpi) destine a la purification biologique d'eaux usees ou naturelles polluees par des xenobiotiques
EP0849228A3 (fr) * 1996-12-17 1999-04-21 Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. Procédé et garniture pour le traitement des eaux usées
EP0849228A2 (fr) * 1996-12-17 1998-06-24 Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. Procédé et garniture pour le traitement des eaux usées
US6214619B1 (en) 1996-12-17 2001-04-10 Nisshinbo Industries, Inc. Water swellable thermoplastic polyurethane gel bioreactor carrier containing a nutrient substance
WO1999048823A1 (fr) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-30 Oeko Systeme Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Corps de croissance pour immobiliser des micro-organismes
US7279103B2 (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-10-09 United States Of America Enviromental Protection Agency Process for the purification of acidic metal-bearing waste waters to permissible discharge levels with recovery of marketable metal products
US9403198B1 (en) 2013-08-09 2016-08-02 Todd Franssen Compositions and methods for cleaning contaminated solids and liquids
US10906075B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2021-02-02 Todd Franssen Compositions and methods for cleaning contaminated solids and liquids
US11724293B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2023-08-15 Todd Franssen Compositions and methods for cleaning contaminated solids and liquids

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