WO1995006014A1 - Body/ceramic/of clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry - Google Patents

Body/ceramic/of clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995006014A1
WO1995006014A1 PCT/PL1994/000016 PL9400016W WO9506014A1 WO 1995006014 A1 WO1995006014 A1 WO 1995006014A1 PL 9400016 W PL9400016 W PL 9400016W WO 9506014 A1 WO9506014 A1 WO 9506014A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
parts
clay
paper
building
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PL1994/000016
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Micha$m(D) Piotr SOPA$m(C)A
Original Assignee
Sopaca Michad Piotr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sopaca Michad Piotr filed Critical Sopaca Michad Piotr
Priority to AU73918/94A priority Critical patent/AU7391894A/en
Publication of WO1995006014A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995006014A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/001—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing unburned clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62625—Wet mixtures
    • C04B35/6263—Wet mixtures characterised by their solids loadings, i.e. the percentage of solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is the body of clay used for producing unburnt building materials such as solid or cored bricks, building blocks, etc., serving simultaneously as building mortar, insulating or sealing material.
  • loadbearing and partition walls possessed considerable thickness so as to be able to withstand the loadings of the upper storeys.
  • An example of such construction work is the four-storey building constructed from clay in the year 1828 in the locality of Weilburg in Germany, where the thickness of walls ranges from 40 to 75 cm.
  • a picture and an article on the subject of materials of this type were published in the monthly "Wohne im nie" of February 1885. This material was commonly used up to the end of XIX century due to its easy and cheap availability as also the uncomplicated technology involved.
  • a drawback of the building mass so produced is its susceptibility to dampness and weather conditions.
  • the significance of the invention consists in the fact that the ceramic body of clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 50 parts by weight of waste paper in milled, broken up, loose and air-dry form, or also in the form of pulps, that is broken up waste paper in water suspension.
  • the /ceramic/ body for building mortars consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 30 parts by weight of milled waste paper.
  • the /ceramic/ body for producing building materials consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 50 parts by weight of paper-cellulose mass in broken up, loose, air-dry form or also in the form of pulps, that is broken up waste paper in water suspension.
  • the body for building mortars consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 15 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 30 parts by weight of paper-cellulose mass in the broken up, loose, air-dry form, or also in the form of pulps, that is paper-cellulose mass in water suspension.
  • Example I of realizing the invention The body consists of 1 part by weight of waste paper, 16 parts by weight of water and 100 parts by weight of clay in the form of loam.
  • Clay is kneaded with water to the plastic state, also adding small portions of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass. After correctly mixing up, the appropriate elements can be formed, leaving them to dry in the air.
  • Example II The body consists of 50 parts by weight of waste paper, 100 parts by weight of clay in the form of potter's earth, 250 parts by weight of water. The clay is kneaded with the water to a fluid state while adding small portions of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass.
  • Example III The body consists of from 3 to 10 parts by weight of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass, 40 to 60 parts by weight of water and 100 parts by weight of clay in the form of white bole.
  • the clay is kneaded with water to a semi-fluid state while adding small portions of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass. Leaving it to dry. In the semi-fluid state, it can be used as building mortar.
  • the sequence of components can be to one's discretion.
  • the waste paper or the paper-cellulose mass can be mixed with the water and in the form of pulp added to the clay, or the clay can be mixed with the waste paper and the water added.
  • the material demonstrating the best properties, resistant to collapsing, breaking and impact and distinctly improving the heat insulation and sound-proof features, is the realization example III.
  • 1 part by weight of waste paper, as in example I in the clay causes reinforcement of the structure and increases the resistance to cracking and scratching.
  • the heat insulation and soundproofing properties improve, while deteriorating the resistance to collapsing, breaking and impact.
  • the large span of weight of components in the recipes is conditioned by the fact that different types of clays are used such as white bole, loam, potter's earth, and also the building applications of the individual bodies differ. Due to the different contents of water in the clay beds, the parts by weight of water in the recipes refer to clay dried to air-dry state. In the clay body, there can occur additives of other materials also which do not occur in the beds but are added by producers, but to an extent not deteriorating the products made with it.
  • the body so prepared After drying in the air or in a dryer, the body so prepared can be used for the construction of loadbearing walls, partition walls, as a building mortar, insulation material or for filling the spaces between formwork until drying of the material.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

The body or clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry is characteristic of the fact that it consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 50 parts by weight of waste paper in milled, broken up, loose and air-dry form, or in the form of pulps, that is broken up waste paper in water suspension. Instead of broken up waste paper, paper-cellulose mass can be used in loose and air-dry form, or in the form of pulps. The body as per the invention is resistant to cracking, scratching, collapsing, impacts and to breaking, is sound-proof and heat insulating, through homogeneity of the body structure.

Description

Body /ceramic/ of clay for producing
unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry
The subject of the invention is the body of clay used for producing unburnt building materials such as solid or cored bricks, building blocks, etc., serving simultaneously as building mortar, insulating or sealing material.
Already known since early times from several examples of rural constructions and urban tenement buildings, animal raising sheds and constructions for other purposes, is the utilization of a clay body with the addition of straw chaff, animal hair, hemp and flax straw. The clay body thus prepared was used for filling of inter-beam spaces in building constructions or for pouring into spaces between the formwork. It was also used as plaster in the interiors of buildings, but to a lesser extent for the production of ready building elements. The above additions caused the clay mortar after drying to be a rather hard material but not homogeneous, which while drying caused the formation of crevices and cracks; the material was brittle and vulnerable to impacts. For this reason, loadbearing and partition walls possessed considerable thickness so as to be able to withstand the loadings of the upper storeys. An example of such construction work is the four-storey building constructed from clay in the year 1828 in the locality of Weilburg in Germany, where the thickness of walls ranges from 40 to 75 cm. A picture and an article on the subject of materials of this type were published in the monthly "Wohne im eigenem Heim" of February 1885. This material was commonly used up to the end of XIX century due to its easy and cheap availability as also the uncomplicated technology involved. A drawback of the building mass so produced is its susceptibility to dampness and weather conditions.
Also known from the specification of the Polish patent No. 48071, is the method of producing fibrous plastic mortars, where the mortar contains colloidal aluminosilicates such as bentonite, white clay or potter's earth and cellulose waste in the weight ratio 1:1 to 1:5, after which these components are mixed with water until formation of mortar of the required working consistency. Instead of cellulose wastes, it is possible to use wet fibrous wastes, for example paper pulps.
The significance of the invention consists in the fact that the ceramic body of clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 50 parts by weight of waste paper in milled, broken up, loose and air-dry form, or also in the form of pulps, that is broken up waste paper in water suspension.
The /ceramic/ body for building mortars consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 30 parts by weight of milled waste paper.
The /ceramic/ body for producing building materials consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 50 parts by weight of paper-cellulose mass in broken up, loose, air-dry form or also in the form of pulps, that is broken up waste paper in water suspension. The body for building mortars consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 15 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 30 parts by weight of paper-cellulose mass in the broken up, loose, air-dry form, or also in the form of pulps, that is paper-cellulose mass in water suspension.
Example I of realizing the invention. The body consists of 1 part by weight of waste paper, 16 parts by weight of water and 100 parts by weight of clay in the form of loam.
Clay is kneaded with water to the plastic state, also adding small portions of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass. After correctly mixing up, the appropriate elements can be formed, leaving them to dry in the air.
Example II. The body consists of 50 parts by weight of waste paper, 100 parts by weight of clay in the form of potter's earth, 250 parts by weight of water. The clay is kneaded with the water to a fluid state while adding small portions of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass.
Example III. The body consists of from 3 to 10 parts by weight of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass, 40 to 60 parts by weight of water and 100 parts by weight of clay in the form of white bole. The clay is kneaded with water to a semi-fluid state while adding small portions of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass. Leaving it to dry. In the semi-fluid state, it can be used as building mortar. In all the examples, the sequence of components can be to one's discretion. The waste paper or the paper-cellulose mass can be mixed with the water and in the form of pulp added to the clay, or the clay can be mixed with the waste paper and the water added. The material demonstrating the best properties, resistant to collapsing, breaking and impact and distinctly improving the heat insulation and sound-proof features, is the realization example III. Already 1 part by weight of waste paper, as in example I in the clay causes reinforcement of the structure and increases the resistance to cracking and scratching. By increasing the waste paper to 50 parts by weight, the heat insulation and soundproofing properties improve, while deteriorating the resistance to collapsing, breaking and impact. The large span of weight of components in the recipes is conditioned by the fact that different types of clays are used such as white bole, loam, potter's earth, and also the building applications of the individual bodies differ. Due to the different contents of water in the clay beds, the parts by weight of water in the recipes refer to clay dried to air-dry state. In the clay body, there can occur additives of other materials also which do not occur in the beds but are added by producers, but to an extent not deteriorating the products made with it.
After drying in the air or in a dryer, the body so prepared can be used for the construction of loadbearing walls, partition walls, as a building mortar, insulation material or for filling the spaces between formwork until drying of the material.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. The body of clay for producing building materials and mortars used in the building industry is characteristic of the fact that it consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 50 parts by weight of waste paper or paper-cellulose mass in milled, broken up, loose and air-dry form, or also in the form of pulps, that is broken up waste paper or paper- cellulose mass in water suspension.
2. The body for producing building mortars as per claim 1, is characteristic of the fact that it consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, from 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 30 parts by weight of milled waste paper.
3. The body for producing building materials as per claim 1, is characteristic of the fact that it consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water and 1 to 50 parts by weight of paper-cellulose mass in broken up, loose and air-dry form, or also in the form of pulps, that is paper-cellulose mass in water suspension.
4. The body for building mortars as per claim 1 , is characteristic of the fact that it consists of 100 parts by weight of clay, 16 to 250 parts by weight of water, 1 to 30 parts by weight of paper-cellulose mass in the form of broken up, loose and air-dry form, or also in the form of pulps, that is paper-cellulose mass in water suspension.
PCT/PL1994/000016 1993-08-25 1994-08-18 Body/ceramic/of clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry WO1995006014A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU73918/94A AU7391894A (en) 1993-08-25 1994-08-18 Body/ceramic/of clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL30021793A PL300217A1 (en) 1993-08-25 1993-08-25 Ceramic clay body for production of non-fired building materials and building mortars
PLP.300217 1993-08-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995006014A1 true WO1995006014A1 (en) 1995-03-02

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PCT/PL1994/000016 WO1995006014A1 (en) 1993-08-25 1994-08-18 Body/ceramic/of clay for producing unburnt building materials and mortars used in the building industry

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU7391894A (en)
PL (1) PL300217A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995006014A1 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102503514A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Cylindrical sintering-free attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102503534A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Spherical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102503536A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Irregularly-shaped attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102503535A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Irregularly-shaped attapulgite river sediment ceramsite
CN102515787A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Cylindrical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102515837A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Spherical attapulgite bed silt ceramsites
CN102515832A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Spherical attapulgite fly ash ceramsites
CN102515836A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Gravel-shaped attapulgite coal ash ceramic grain
CN102515833A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Cylindrical attapulgite fly ash ceramsites
RU2567585C1 (en) * 2014-11-06 2015-11-10 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет" Raw mix for ceramic brick manufacture
CZ307890B6 (en) * 2018-03-22 2019-07-24 České vysoké učení technické v Praze Unfired clay with controlled shrinkage

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2909920A1 (en) * 1979-03-14 1980-09-25 Heinz Rasbach Clay moulding mixt. - contains waste paper or similar materials reducing the wt. of baked prods. made from the clay
DE3138969A1 (en) * 1980-09-30 1982-04-29 Grefco Inc., 90010 Los Angeles, Calif. FIRE-RETARDANT HEAT INSULATION PLATE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2909920A1 (en) * 1979-03-14 1980-09-25 Heinz Rasbach Clay moulding mixt. - contains waste paper or similar materials reducing the wt. of baked prods. made from the clay
DE3138969A1 (en) * 1980-09-30 1982-04-29 Grefco Inc., 90010 Los Angeles, Calif. FIRE-RETARDANT HEAT INSULATION PLATE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102503514A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Cylindrical sintering-free attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102503534A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Spherical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102503536A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Irregularly-shaped attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102503535A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-20 许庆华 Irregularly-shaped attapulgite river sediment ceramsite
CN102515787A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Cylindrical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite
CN102515837A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Spherical attapulgite bed silt ceramsites
CN102515832A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Spherical attapulgite fly ash ceramsites
CN102515836A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Gravel-shaped attapulgite coal ash ceramic grain
CN102515833A (en) * 2011-11-10 2012-06-27 许庆华 Cylindrical attapulgite fly ash ceramsites
RU2567585C1 (en) * 2014-11-06 2015-11-10 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет" Raw mix for ceramic brick manufacture
CZ307890B6 (en) * 2018-03-22 2019-07-24 České vysoké učení technické v Praze Unfired clay with controlled shrinkage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7391894A (en) 1995-03-21
PL300217A1 (en) 1994-03-07

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