WO1995004792A1 - Fireproofing coating formulation - Google Patents

Fireproofing coating formulation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995004792A1
WO1995004792A1 PCT/FI1994/000346 FI9400346W WO9504792A1 WO 1995004792 A1 WO1995004792 A1 WO 1995004792A1 FI 9400346 W FI9400346 W FI 9400346W WO 9504792 A1 WO9504792 A1 WO 9504792A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
formulation
bonding agent
coating
fireproofing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1994/000346
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Aimo Hiltunen
Esko PÖYLIÖ
Vladimir Gouriev
Vladimir Sorine
Original Assignee
Rautaruukki Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rautaruukki Oy filed Critical Rautaruukki Oy
Priority to DE4495790T priority Critical patent/DE4495790T1/de
Priority to AU74613/94A priority patent/AU7461394A/en
Publication of WO1995004792A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995004792A1/en
Priority to SE9600301A priority patent/SE9600301L/xx

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
    • C09K21/04—Inorganic materials containing phosphorus

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a fireproofing coating formulation for fireproofing various structural elements, in particular steel structures.
  • Fireproofing paints usually contain organic compounds, the organic components reacting with each other under effect of heat and a carbonized porous foam layer being produced as end result, which serves as thermal insulation and thus protects the structures, usually up to about 30 min.
  • Similar insulating materials which possibly expand in a conflagration also include those materials which contain water glass, i.e., alkali metal silicate, and which can be used as coating or as glue for structural elements.
  • alkali metal silicate i.e., alkali metal silicate
  • a compound usable as coating or as glue which contains, among others, water glass and organic bonding agent.
  • a bonding agent is disclosed which contains alkali metal silicate and acid-treated filler, and an expanding formulation containing such bonding agent.
  • a mixture for use as coating or as a glue containing water glass and blast furnace slag in such manner that the proportion of water glass is 65 to 99% by weight and that of blast furnace slag, 0.5 to 30% by weight.
  • the mixture also contains cellulose.
  • the aspired protection time of this mixture is on the order of about 25 min.
  • insulating materials of prior art containing water glass is that water glass is well resistant to heat: as it is heated, it begins to melt, breaking up the surface of the insulating material and thus curtailing the fire protection time of the coating. Therefore, insulating materials containing water glass have generally only been applicable as protective cladding materials.
  • Patent US 4909845 wherein is disclosed a bracing/sealing material for use in mine shafts.
  • the material in question contains 40 to 95% by weight water glass, 0.05 to 4% by weight perlite and mineral acid, and it has moreover a short-time fireproofing effect like protective cladding materials.
  • a cured and pressed protective cladding element is disclosed consisting of vermiculite or perlite, glass fibres, water glass bonding agent and curable phenolic resins.
  • Drawbacks such as have been mentioned above occur with these materials, and they represent the class of protective cladding materials in the first place.
  • the fireproofing property of fireproofing compounds is mainly based on their low thermal conductivity.
  • the compounds used at present are insulating compounds containing mainly expanded vermiculite.
  • the aspired protection time of insulating compounds is longer than that of protective cladding materials.
  • fireproofing compounds for steel may be mentioned the compound described in the application print EP 400162, wherein less expensive raw materials have been substituted for vermiculite. The compound does not expand in conflagration.
  • insulating thicknesses on the order of about 1 to 2 inches are recommended; this can be considered impractical.
  • a spray-on fireproofing coating which contains water glass matrix rendered porous, and unexpanded crude ver miculite or unexpanded perlite.
  • the water glass matrix rendered porous has been formed of alkali metal silicate, sodium silicofluoride, gelifying substance, such as low molecular weight amide or haloalcohol, and fibre, such as glass fibre.
  • alkali metal silicate sodium silicofluoride
  • gelifying substance such as low molecular weight amide or haloalcohol
  • fibre such as glass fibre.
  • harmful components of this formulation are glass fibre and sodium silicofluoride, which in conflagration produce toxic fluorine compounds.
  • FI 73716 is furthermore dis- closed, for use in corrosion protection and fireproofing, an aqueous dispersion latex of a polymeric bonding agent and a vermiculite filler.
  • the drawback attaching to vermiculite-based fireproofing compounds is that the coating must be made comparatively thick in order to attain prolonged fire protection. Moreover, there is still room for improvement as regards the mechanical strength of such coatings.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned in the foregoing.
  • the object of the invention is specifically to disclose a fireproofing coating formulation by which, thanks to a novel combination of constituents compared with those of prior art, a fireproofing coating is achieved which presents excellent adhesion to the surface of the object, which presents good mechanical strength and by means of which at least one hour's fire protection can be achieved.
  • the invention is based on the idea of combining modified water glass, i.e., silicophosphate, blast furnace slag and vermiculite concentrate, and possibly phlogopite and/or pigment with each other so that a novel fireproofing coating is obtained which in a conflagration expands owing to its pyroplastic properties and in addition produces fire protection of surprising ly long duration.
  • modified water glass i.e., silicophosphate, blast furnace slag and vermiculite concentrate, and possibly phlogopite and/or pigment
  • the proportion of silicophosphate acting as bonding agent is 43 to 76% by weight, advantageously 46 to 65% by weight, and the proportion of powdery filler composed of blast furnace slag and vermiculite, and possibly of phlogopite and/or pigment, is 24 to 57% by weight, advantageously 35 to 50% by weight, calculated on the weight of the formulation.
  • the filler mixture contains advantageously fine-ground blast furnace slag 5 to 15% by weight, more advantageously 8 to 14% by weight, vermiculite concentrate 5 to 30% by weight, more advantageously 8 to 14% by weight, phlogopite 0 to 15% by weight, more advantageously 8 to 14% by weight, pigment 0 to 9% by weight, more advantageously 5 to 8% by weight, calculated on the weight of the formulation.
  • the fireproofing coating advantageously also contains hardener 2 to 10% by weight, more advantageously 4 to 8% by weight, such as 4 to 6% by weight, calculated on the weight of bonding agent.
  • the silicophosphate bonding agent has been obtained by reacting water glass, which in this context is understood to mean an alkali metal silicate, such as sodium or potassium silicate, with potassium tripolyphosphate at elevated temperature.
  • water glass which in this context is understood to mean an alkali metal silicate, such as sodium or potassium silicate, with potassium tripolyphosphate at elevated temperature.
  • the density of the water glass used for starting material is advantageously at least on the order of 1.4 g/cm 3 .
  • Potassium tripolyphosphate is used about 7 to 10% by weight, calculated on the weight of water glass.
  • the silicophosphate has been found to penetrate exceedingly well into the interstices between the grains of powdery filler; this has a favourable effect on the intact continuity of the coating which is formed of the formulation.
  • the bonding agent employed serves moreover as a plasticizing agent, increasing the strength of the coating.
  • the silicophosphate contained in the formulation withstands high temperatures better than e.g. unmodified water glass.
  • blast furnace slag advantageously granulated blast furnace slag having grain size less than about 0.5 mm is used.
  • Blast furnace slag has a highly favourable effect on the expansion characteristics of the coating that is being formed and on its strength.
  • the vermiculite concentrate is advantageously expanded vermiculite with grain size less than about 1 mm.
  • the vermiculite concentrate may be partly replaced with less expensive raw material, such as phlogopite.
  • Vermiculite and phlogopite are employed in the formulation of the invention as heat-insulating material.
  • the formulation may also contain pigment for producing desired colouration.
  • a particularly advantageous pigment is zinc oxide and/or titanium dioxide, which have an advantageous influence on the fireproofing properties.
  • Hardener can be employed to accelerate the drying rate of the coating which is formed.
  • One may for hardener use any hardeners known in the art which produce non-toxic combustion products in a conflagration.
  • hardeners may be mentioned, e.g. condensed aluminium phosphate, Al(PO 3 ) 3 , and inorganic and organic acids, such as carbonic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, etc.
  • Oxalic acid is a particularly well usable hardener.
  • the fireproofing coating formulation may also contain other additives known in the art.
  • the fireproofing coating formulation of the invention comes advantageously in the form of a so-called two-component preparation, the dry filler mixture, to which possibly hardener has been admixed, and the liquid silicophosphate bonding agent being mixed together immediately before application on the surface of the object.
  • the invention also concerns a procedure for applying said fireproofing coating formulation on the surface of the object, and a fireproofing coating formed by the procedure.
  • the fireproofing coating mixture is easy to handle and it can be applied on the surface of the object e.g. by spraying, in which case coating is accomplished with facility and speed.
  • liquid silicophosphate bonding agent and filler mixture containing hardener are combined and the compound mix thus obtained is immediately applied on the surface of the object.
  • Hardening of the coating that has been applied is accelerated as the silicophosphate bonding agent reacts with the hardener, whereby polysilicate cross-linking determining the hardening of the coating will take place. Hardening of the coating that has been applied will then take a few hours only, whereafter it is possible, repeatedly, to apply another layer upon the preceding layer so as to achieve desired coating thickness.
  • the bonding agent binds the grains of the filler mixture, and the potassium tripolyphosphate contained in the silicophoshate reaction product serves as plasticizing agent, releasing internal stresses in the material and increasing the mechanical strength of the coating which is being formed, as well as the adhesion to the surface of the object and the tolerance of differential temperatures.
  • the dried and hardened fireproofing coating of the invention is composed of an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase.
  • the fireproofing coating formulation of the invention will expand owing to re action taking place between silicophosphate and blast furnace slag.
  • the coating will swell by a factor about 2 to 2.5. Since silicophosphate has good thermal resistance, the expanded layer withstands heat longer than expanding materials containing water glass, thus producing prolonged fire protection.
  • the fireproofing coating formulation contains zinc oxide as pigment, the zinc oxide will in a conflagration react endothermally, producing zinc silicate, i.e., willemite.
  • the fireproofing coating formulation of the invention generates no toxic combustion products in a conflagration.
  • the fireproofing coating formulation of the invention can be used as heat-expanding fireproofing compound for various structural elements, in particular steel structures, in order to achieve fire protection of prolonged duration. Thanks to the invention, a comparatively thin coating layer, on the order of 10 to 12 mm, affords fire protection for at least one hour.
  • Example 1 Chemical-mineralogical structural studies of a fireproofing coating according to the invention
  • Test objects were coated by spraying on fireproofing coating formulation containing: Silicophosphate bonding agent 56.25% by weight Blast furnace slag 12.5
  • the ground blast furnace slag (Rautaruukki Oy) used in the formulation had the following characteristics:
  • the silicophosphate bonding agent was prepared by reacting sodium water glass of density not less than 1.4 g/cm 3 with potassium tripolyphosphate, of which the proportion was 7 to 10% by weight of the weight of water glass, at 80°C.
  • the silicophosphate thus obtained had the following chemical composition, in %:
  • the coating was dried.
  • the hardened coating was found to have the chemical composition:
  • the hardened coating was composed of an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase.
  • the amorphous phase consisted of slag and modified water glass used in the invention.
  • mica, vermiculite, zincite, portlandite, and calcite In the crystalline phase were identified: mica, vermiculite, zincite, portlandite, and calcite. Portlandite and calcite are obvious products of hydraulic reactions. As a result of hydraulic reaction about 3% of calcite had been formed.
  • mellite, forsterite, willemite, and mica were identified in the coating which had undergone the combustion test described in Example 5 farther below the following were identified: mellite, forsterite, willemite, and mica.
  • the sprayed-on mixture hardened within a few 'hours so as to be coatable with the next layer.
  • oxalic acid addition at 4% by weight had after about 3 to 4 hours hardened the coating sufficiently so that the next layer could be sprayed thereupon.
  • Aluminium phosphate produced similar results when used in slightly larger amount, on the order of 4 to 8% by weight.
  • Example 3 Examination of the properties of certain fireproofing coatings according to the invention and of coatings containing water glass as bonding agent
  • Tables 1 and 2 below have been compiled examples of coatings formed with formulations according to the invention and of the characteristics determined for them. As reference examples were used equivalent coatings in which water glass was used for bonding agent.
  • Example 4 Mechanical properties of a fireproofing coating according to the invention
  • Adhesion to the object The procedure included uniform tearing-off of the coating from the substrate, measurement of the force hereto required, and specification of failure type. The test was made on five specimens. A mean value of 46.3 kp/cm 2 was obtained for the ultimate tearing strength.
  • the adhesion of the coating is excellent, on the strength of the results obtained.
  • the coated test piece was kept for 16 hrs at -20°C, thereafter for 8 hrs at +60°C, and this was repeated 30 times. The coating was found to preserve its strength without visible damage, its adhesion to the metal was unchanged.
  • the impact strength of the hardened fireproofing coating was excellent, compared with conventional compounds based on vermiculite.
  • the other burning test was a fire resistance test in a cube oven, carried out at the laboratory of fire technology of the State Center for Technical Research (VTT).
  • the test was performed using load-free steel plates protected by spraying.
  • the standard SFS 4193 (ISO 834, Nordtest Method NT Fire 005) was applied in the test. Protection was accomplished in three spraying runs so that the mass proportion of dry matter and liquid bonding agent was 45:55 in the first run, and 48:52 in the second and third runs.
  • the coating thicknesses and the results recorded in the case of each specimen are presented in Table 3.
  • the coating began to swell when about 4 min. had elapsed from the start of the test. In the examination concerning emission of harmful substances no formation of harmful gases was observed. The tests indicated that the capacity of the fireproofing coating to protect steel structures is at least about 1 hr.
  • Example 6 Preparation of a fireproofing coating compound according to the invention, and application of the compound thus obtained on a surface of a steel structure
  • the viscosity of the coating is high enough after 3 to 4 hrs that spraying can be repeated on the first coating layer. Altogether three spraying runs are made. If required, the spraying can be done e.g. in two steps. The coating is then allowed to dry. The thickness of the coating thus obtained is 10 to 12 mm. The hard coating affords at least about 1 hr fire protection.
  • fireproofing coating compound is its fast drying, whereby the requisite sprayings can be carried out e.g. within one work shift.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
PCT/FI1994/000346 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Fireproofing coating formulation WO1995004792A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4495790T DE4495790T1 (de) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Flammfestmachende Beschichtungszubereitung
AU74613/94A AU7461394A (en) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Fireproofing coating formulation
SE9600301A SE9600301L (sv) 1993-08-10 1996-01-29 Beredning för eldfast beläggning

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI933526A FI92216C (fi) 1993-08-10 1993-08-10 Palonsuojapinnoitekoostumus
FI933526 1993-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995004792A1 true WO1995004792A1 (en) 1995-02-16

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ID=8538400

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1994/000346 WO1995004792A1 (en) 1993-08-10 1994-08-10 Fireproofing coating formulation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AU (1) AU7461394A (fi)
DE (1) DE4495790T1 (fi)
FI (1) FI92216C (fi)
SE (1) SE9600301L (fi)
WO (1) WO1995004792A1 (fi)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115181437A (zh) * 2022-07-29 2022-10-14 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 一种重轨钢坯防脱碳涂料及其制备和应用方法
CN115385665A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-11-25 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 一种高炉渣溜槽防粘结方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990001527A1 (en) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-22 Oy Partek Ab Mixture containing waterglass and blast-furnace slag

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990001527A1 (en) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-22 Oy Partek Ab Mixture containing waterglass and blast-furnace slag

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DERWENT'S ABSTRACT, No. 71181C/40, Week 8040; & SU,A,717 011 (URALENERGOTSVETMET), 25 February 1980. *
DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES, File 351, Derwent WPI, Dialog Accession No. 008894866, WPI Accession No. 92-022135/03, (BUILDING CONS RES), "Mixt. for Fireproof Coatings Prepn. - Contains Silico-phosphoric Binder, Phlogopite Mica, Non-calcined Vermculite as Filler With Chalk, Lime Mortar of Kaolin and Fly Ash"; *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115181437A (zh) * 2022-07-29 2022-10-14 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 一种重轨钢坯防脱碳涂料及其制备和应用方法
CN115385665A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-11-25 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 一种高炉渣溜槽防粘结方法
CN115385665B (zh) * 2022-09-15 2023-06-06 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 一种高炉渣溜槽防粘结方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI92216B (fi) 1994-06-30
FI92216C (fi) 1994-10-10
SE9600301L (sv) 1996-02-12
FI933526A0 (fi) 1993-08-10
DE4495790T1 (de) 1996-11-14
SE9600301D0 (sv) 1996-01-29
AU7461394A (en) 1995-02-28

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