WO1995001027A1 - Nouvelle initialisation de systeme d2b par vote majoritaire - Google Patents

Nouvelle initialisation de systeme d2b par vote majoritaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995001027A1
WO1995001027A1 PCT/IB1994/000175 IB9400175W WO9501027A1 WO 1995001027 A1 WO1995001027 A1 WO 1995001027A1 IB 9400175 W IB9400175 W IB 9400175W WO 9501027 A1 WO9501027 A1 WO 9501027A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
address
station
destination station
station address
destination
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB1994/000175
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Neil Andrew Wilson
Original Assignee
D2B Systems Company Limited
Philips Norden Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by D2B Systems Company Limited, Philips Norden Ab filed Critical D2B Systems Company Limited
Publication of WO1995001027A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995001027A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
    • G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
    • G06F12/06—Addressing a physical block of locations, e.g. base addressing, module addressing, memory dedication
    • G06F12/0646—Configuration or reconfiguration
    • G06F12/0653—Configuration or reconfiguration with centralised address assignment
    • G06F12/0661—Configuration or reconfiguration with centralised address assignment and decentralised selection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
    • G06F13/4204—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a parallel bus
    • G06F13/4221—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a parallel bus being an input/output bus, e.g. ISA bus, EISA bus, PCI bus, SCSI bus
    • G06F13/423—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a parallel bus being an input/output bus, e.g. ISA bus, EISA bus, PCI bus, SCSI bus with synchronous protocol
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5038—Address allocation for local use, e.g. in LAN or USB networks, or in a controller area network [CAN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50—Address allocation
    • H04L61/5092—Address allocation by self-assignment, e.g. picking addresses at random and testing if they are already in use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/604—Address structures or formats

Definitions

  • New D2B device address initialisation by majority vote.
  • the invention relates to a single channel communication bus system comprising a communication bus having a plurality of stations connected thereto, which can communicate with one another yja the communication bus and to each other of which a unique station address is assigned, said stations comprising an interface circuit which is adapted to call any destination station by generating a destination station address of said destination station and to receive an acknowledge signal which is transmitted by the relevant destination station if the station address of said destination station corresponds to the transmitted destination station address, whereby the interface circuit of a station is further adapted to perform an initialisation program under the control of which the interface circuit is able to generate and transmit a destination station address, said generation and transmission being discontinued upon absence of acknowledge signal and the destination station address which has been generated and transmitted being assigned as the master station address to said station.
  • the newly added station can verify that the address chosen by it previously is not unique. As a result in a second cycle the newly added station will choose another address different from the first chosen one and the protocol as described hereinbefore will be repeated up to the moment where no acknowledge signal will be received by the newly added station. This means that there is no station having this address chosen by the newly added station and thus this address is unique. As soon as this situation occurs the newly added station will adopt this unique address as its own.
  • the above described station address initialisation can be used in a D2B system, which for instance has been described in United States patent No. 4,429,384. From the description of the D2B system in this US patent 4,429,384 can be deduced that the D2B should perform in a reliable way in a low cost and possible noisy environment. Experience has shown that signals on buses are sometimes deteriorated which as a consequence means that the above initialisation procedure can be ruined. Some station on the bus system may send an acknowledge signal to inform the newly added station that the address send by it is not unique, but if such acknowledge signal is deteriorated then the newly added station will adopt said address as its own, but said address is not unique.
  • the message including the destination address also comprises the address of the master station to be initialized, thereby the destination station address and the master station address are the same.
  • the same address for the master station and the destination station is problematic, because the receiving part of the master station might read the destination station address and consequently would control the transmitting part of the master station to send an acknowledge signal to itself.
  • the single channel communication bus system is characterized in that the destination station address is transmitted a number of times, said number of equal of bigger than 3, and that the unique address is chosen as the master station address if absence of the acknowledge signals detected for at least the majority of all transmission of the destination station address by the relevant station.
  • each generated address is at least checked three times and in the case two or more times absence of the acknowledge signal is detected it is rather sure that said destination station address is unique. Furthermore the bus system in accordance with the invention takes into account the situation that the generated address itself is deteriorated on a noisy bus, thereby provoking an acknowledge signal from a station, which had not been addressed at all.
  • An embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the station before sending a destination station address during the initialisation program adopts a default address which is forbidden to be used by any station operating after initialisation in the bus system.
  • the master station address is given a default address, which cannot be used under normal operation (i.e. after initialisation) by any of the other stations connected to the bus. As a consequence any station to be initialised will not react to its own transmitted messages.
  • the default address Upon determination of a unique address the default address will be replaced by the new found unique address.
  • a further embodiment in accordance with the invention is characterized in that each station has a non volatile memory for storing the address assigned to said station, whereby upon start of the initialisation program the generation and transmission of the different destination station addresses is starting by the address stored previously in said non volatile memory.
  • figure 1 shows diagrammatically the general structure of a single channel communication system
  • figure 2 shows diagrammatically the message structure as used on the communication bus
  • figure 3 shows a flow chart for determining the station address of a station in accordance with the invention.
  • Figures 1 shows diagrammatically a single channel communication bus system. It comprises a serial communication bus 1 consisting of two data lines 1 1 and 12. In this case three stations 2, 3 and 4 are connected to this communication bus 1. Each station 2, 3 and 4 respectively comprises an apparatus 21 , 1 and 41 respectively which is connected to the data lines 11 and 12 by means of an interface circuit 22, 32, 42. As already noted, such an apparatus may be a TV monitor, a video recorder, an audio recorder, an audio tuner, etc.
  • the communication bus 1 is intended to transmit control signals from a first station to a second station. Any station may act as a master station and thereby all other stations act as destination stations. Some stations will act as transmitters of data, some act as receivers of data. Furthermore, all kinds of mixed or alternating situations are possible.
  • each interface circuit has a programmable, non volatile memory 23, 33, 43 in which a station address is stored
  • a typical station address comprises twelve bits.
  • FIG. 2A The general structure of a message structure on an information level, which structure is extensively described in Chapter 1 1 of the User Manual pointed out hereabove is denoted in figure 2A.
  • Such a message structure starts with a start bit ST. It is followed by a mode field MO in which a number of so-called mode indication bits is transmitted. A typical number of mode indication bits is three. They indicate the rate at which the following information will be transmitted. In fact, a limited number of standardized transmitter frequencies has been defined.
  • This mode field is followed by a master station address field MSA. In this field the twelve-bit master station address is transmitted from the station wishing to transmit information to a destination station. The twelve-bit destination station address is subsequently transmitted in the destination station address field SSA.
  • a station If a station recognizes the destination station address, it transmits an acknowledge code in an acknowledge code field ACI. If this acknowledge code is not received, it means that the said destination station is not present or does not function or that the destination station address is received in a mutilated, non-recognizable form by the destination station. In these cases the communication may be discontinued each time after the acknowledge code field. If the destination station has transmitted an acknowledge code, the master station transmits a control code of, for example four bits in a control field CF. After reception of this control code, the destination station again transmits an acknowledge code in an acknowledge code field ACII. If this second acknowledge code is not received by the master station, the communication may be discontinued. If the master station has received this second acknowledge code, a data field DF will be sent.
  • the data field DF comprises one single or a plurality of command fields DCF.
  • Each command field comprises one or more data bytes DB which represents the actual information, an EOD field (end-of-data) the end of the data byte(s) of a command field and/or indicating whether a further command field DCF II, DCF III follows this command field DCF I and an acknowledge code field ACIII in which the destination station indicates that the information has been received correctly.
  • acknowledge code ACIII If no acknowledge code ACIII is received, this may mean that i) the actual information is mutilated due to transmission errors, ii) the destination station is switched off after the transmission of the control code, or iii) the destination station is not capable of receiving and buffering the data byte, for example because the processing of this information takes too long.
  • the master station In all these cases i.e. not receiving an acknowledge code AC the master station is set to its repetitive position for sending once again e.g. the whole message. Another possibility is to resend upon absence of an acknowledge code ACIII the relevant command field so frequently until the acknowledge code ACIII is ultimately received. If this command field is not the last field, the transmission will be continued by sending the next command field. If this field is the last field, the communication operation is terminated. Subsequently, a new communication operation can be started. It is to be noted that a number of parity bits is also transmitted in the different fields so as to protect the information from transmission errors.
  • FIG 2B the general structure of a station address is shown. It comprises a service address SA, a type address TA and a follower address FA.
  • the service address SA comprises, for example four bits and can thus distinguish sixteen services, for example an audio-video service, a washing service, a cooking/baking service etc.
  • the type address TA comprises, for example five bits so that thirty-two stations can be distinguished within one service. For example, within the washing service a distinction can be made between a washing machine, a drier, a dish washer, etc. and within the audio-video service a distinction can be made between a TV-set, a TV-monitor, a tuner, a video recorder, etc.
  • the follower address FA enables him to distinguish between these apparatuses of the same type.
  • This follower address comprises, for example three bits so that eight apparatuses of the same type can be distinguished.
  • a station address comprises a service address SA, a type address TA and a follower address FA.
  • Service address SA and type address TA have been assigned by manufacturers and in practice the manufacturer programs them in the station address memory (22,33,63) of the interface circuit 22, 32, 42.
  • the follower address FA will be set to zero (or to 1 1 1) by the manufacturer and programming of the follower address FA will be done in use and thus does not take place until after the relevant apparatus has been connected to the communication bus 1 by means of the interface circuit.
  • this interface circuit has an initialisation program which comprises, for example the steps shown in Figure 3 and which is performed as soon as the apparatus is switched on.
  • step 56 the counter CNT is checked whether its value is equal or greater than 4. Subsequently in step 58 the counter CNT is increased by one. Reason for this will be explained lateron.
  • step 66 it is detected that the counter value NAC is less than three the procedure starts again at step 56.
  • the counter value CNT will have the value of four, which means that one of the stations has definitely a station address which should not be used by this master station.
  • a step 72 is carried out, wherein the follower address FA is increased by one.
  • a next step 74 it is tested whether the follower address FA differs from the test value TST, if so then the initialisation procedure is started again by resetting the counter values CNT and NAC to zero in step 54. If the test value TST equals the follower address FA then all different positions of the latter have been used. If the follower address FA consists of three bits then after 8 trials with different values for FA the starting value TST will be reached due to the setting of TST equal to FA in step 52. In such a situation the initialisation procedure is aborted (END) in step 70 and said station cannot communicate via the bus 1.
  • a station address comprises a service address SA, a type address TA and a follower address FA.
  • Service address SA and type address TA have been assigned by manufacturers and in practice the manufacturer programs them in the station address memory (22,33,63) of the interface circuit 22, 32, 42.
  • the follower address FA will be set to zero (or to 111) by the manufacturer and programming of the follower address FA will be done in use and thus does not take place until after the relevant apparatus has been connected to the communication bus 1 by means of the interface circuit.
  • the further embodiment of an initialisation program comprises, for example the steps shown in Figure 4, which are performed as soon as the apparatus is switched on.
  • a not-acknowledge counter NAC are set to zero.
  • step 466 it is detected that the counter value NAC is less than three the procedure starts again at step 460.
  • the initialisation procedure is started again by setting the counter value NAC to zero in step 454. If the test value TST equals the follower address FA then all different positions of the latter have been used. If the follower address FA consists of three bits then after 8 trials with different values for FA the starting value TST will be reached due to the setting of TST equal to FA in step 452. In such a situation the initialisation procedure is aborted (END) in step 470 and said station cannot communicate via the bus 1.
  • the master station address will be the default address "FFF", which should be signalled to the user via e.g. a display.
  • the user then can throw a switch in order to change from one preset address of the station (VCR-1) to the second preset address of the station (VCR-2). If this second address is acknowledged in a succeeding initialization procedure, which is triggered by the user by e.g. switching power off and on again, then again the master station address is set to the default address "FFF". If the user does not interfere anymore then the station continues to operate with the default address.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un système D2B, le dispositif qui s'initialise lui-même par la génération de sa propre adresse émet l'adresse produite un certain nombre de fois (par exemple 3 ou 4). La réception d'un signal d'accusé de réception par un autre poste du bus est vérifiée à chaque fois. Si, pour la majorité des émisssions au moins, aucun accusé de réception n'a été reçu, l'adresse générée est adoptée pour constituer l'adresse unique du dispositif qui s'initialise lui-même.
PCT/IB1994/000175 1993-06-25 1994-06-24 Nouvelle initialisation de systeme d2b par vote majoritaire WO1995001027A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93201839 1993-06-25
EP93201839.3 1993-06-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995001027A1 true WO1995001027A1 (fr) 1995-01-05

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PCT/IB1994/000175 WO1995001027A1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-24 Nouvelle initialisation de systeme d2b par vote majoritaire

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19503209C1 (de) * 1995-02-02 1996-10-02 Becker Gmbh Verfahren zur Initialisierung eines Netzwerkes mit mehreren masterfähigen also taktgebefähigen Netzteilnehmern
CN104991881A (zh) * 2015-07-22 2015-10-21 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 一种串行总线系统及地址分配方法
US9749177B2 (en) 2012-09-21 2017-08-29 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Method and apparatus for dynamic address assignment

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4661902A (en) * 1985-03-21 1987-04-28 Apple Computer, Inc. Local area network with carrier sense collision avoidance
US5150464A (en) * 1990-06-06 1992-09-22 Apple Computer, Inc. Local area network device startup process
EP0537814A1 (fr) * 1991-09-10 1993-04-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de bus à plusieurs stations pou l'appel sélectif et la mise à jour d'information globalement pertinente, notamment une adresse de station, et station destinée à être utilisée dans un tel système
US5283571A (en) * 1990-07-19 1994-02-01 Digital Equipment Corporation Testing a communications network for duplicate station addresses

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4661902A (en) * 1985-03-21 1987-04-28 Apple Computer, Inc. Local area network with carrier sense collision avoidance
US5150464A (en) * 1990-06-06 1992-09-22 Apple Computer, Inc. Local area network device startup process
US5283571A (en) * 1990-07-19 1994-02-01 Digital Equipment Corporation Testing a communications network for duplicate station addresses
EP0537814A1 (fr) * 1991-09-10 1993-04-21 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Système de bus à plusieurs stations pou l'appel sélectif et la mise à jour d'information globalement pertinente, notamment une adresse de station, et station destinée à être utilisée dans un tel système

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19503209C1 (de) * 1995-02-02 1996-10-02 Becker Gmbh Verfahren zur Initialisierung eines Netzwerkes mit mehreren masterfähigen also taktgebefähigen Netzteilnehmern
US9749177B2 (en) 2012-09-21 2017-08-29 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Method and apparatus for dynamic address assignment
CN104991881A (zh) * 2015-07-22 2015-10-21 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 一种串行总线系统及地址分配方法
CN104991881B (zh) * 2015-07-22 2017-12-12 浙江中控技术股份有限公司 一种串行总线系统及地址分配方法

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