WO1994029561A2 - Echelle avec appui, dispositif de fixation, appui et systeme modulaire de construction d'echelles legeres - Google Patents

Echelle avec appui, dispositif de fixation, appui et systeme modulaire de construction d'echelles legeres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994029561A2
WO1994029561A2 PCT/CH1994/000118 CH9400118W WO9429561A2 WO 1994029561 A2 WO1994029561 A2 WO 1994029561A2 CH 9400118 W CH9400118 W CH 9400118W WO 9429561 A2 WO9429561 A2 WO 9429561A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support
ladder
contact surfaces
head
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1994/000118
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO1994029561A3 (fr
Inventor
Edwin Busenhart
Original Assignee
Edwin Busenhart
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/CH1993/000154 external-priority patent/WO1993025793A1/fr
Priority claimed from DE4342241A external-priority patent/DE4342241C1/de
Application filed by Edwin Busenhart filed Critical Edwin Busenhart
Priority to DE59406825T priority Critical patent/DE59406825D1/de
Priority to AU68402/94A priority patent/AU6840294A/en
Priority to EP94916865A priority patent/EP0656093B1/fr
Publication of WO1994029561A2 publication Critical patent/WO1994029561A2/fr
Publication of WO1994029561A3 publication Critical patent/WO1994029561A3/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/48—Ladder heads; Supports for heads of ladders for resting against objects
    • E06C7/482—Supports specially adapted for resting the ladder against or in a corner
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/48—Ladder heads; Supports for heads of ladders for resting against objects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ladder, in particular a lightweight ladder with two bars connected by rungs, which form a foot end and an opposing upper end of the bar, and can be adjusted freely on walls or wall corners by means of a positioning device arranged in the area of both bars with contact surfaces.
  • Ladders are one of the oldest tools for craftsmen, more and more for household and leisure time, to quickly carry out small work processes at heights that are not directly accessible by humans.
  • Many lightweight ladder models are manufactured, from the simplest wooden ladders, fixed ladders, to complicated, for example combined pull-out and fixed ladders.
  • the large number of conductors manufactured industrially today are conductors made of aluminum or plastic.
  • the ladder bars in the case of aluminum and plastic ladders consist of a thin-walled hollow profile. The rungs are pressed into the hollow profiles, welded in or, in the case of plastic conductors, connected by gluing.
  • For step ladders there is an optimal angle of attack of about 70 °, which corresponds to safety standards and regulations.
  • the ladder is supported at the bottom of the floor and leaned against the wall at the top.
  • Dangers when using ladders result, for example, from changing weight loads when climbing and from the changing lateral forces which arise from the activity of the person on the ladder.
  • the bars are usually of a slightly springy construction, so that small bumps, or if the floor and wall do not form exactly two right-angled surfaces, are cushioned by a slight conductor twist. However, it is not possible to completely eliminate larger deviations as a result.
  • GB-PS No. 2207453 and US-PS No. 3715012 show two similar special solutions, which are primarily designed for telegraph poles or round posts and provide a conically widening surface element, coated with flexible material. Both concepts take advantage of a wedge effect that results from the jamming of the posts between the widening contact surfaces. For round posts, the actual support is limited to two lines, which can also be very close to the central axis of the ladder. When climbing a ladder, it is known that with each change of foot from one rung to the next the action of force changes from the left bar to the right bar. If an actual wedge effect cannot be used, there is a risk of these two solutions turning away without additional aids. It is also proposed to make the same conductor usable for flat wall surfaces by means of an end plate. As far as is known, these concepts have not been adopted for craftsmen or household managers.
  • US Pat. No. 5,012,895 has followed a different path and proposes many variations of specially shaped stabilizing rods, some of which can also be installed differently.
  • a suitable stabilizing bar can be attached to angled extensions of the two spars using a screw connection.
  • the conductors themselves be secured by a cable pull around the building.
  • a suitable solution for interiors is disadvantageous or cannot be used at all, especially if high-quality wall coverings are available.
  • 5,012,895 is deprived of one of its main advantages, namely the free adjustability, since the connection and detachment takes a lot of time because of the corresponding precautions.
  • a major problem area is the damage to wall and floor surfaces due to scratches, rubbing and pressure marks, for example with sensitive paints, glass, stone, wood surfaces etc.
  • the invention was based on the object, in particular to increase the safety for conductor users even without connection, so that corresponding accidents can be avoided as far as possible.
  • the safe use of step ladders should be expanded and damage in or to buildings avoided, without working with freely adjustable ladders or. complicate the use of ladders.
  • the invention was the. based on another subtask to be able to retrofit existing ladders of various sizes, types and origins simply, quickly and safely if possible.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the adjusting device is designed as a supporting head with two supporting paws, on which opposing bearing surfaces are arranged in pairs, which when using the adjusting head point inwards for outside corners, outwards for inside corners and outwards for flat wall surfaces.
  • the invention allows a number of particularly advantageous configurations.
  • the support paws can form directly angled continuations of both spars, such that the effective plane of the contact surfaces is arranged transversely to the two spars, or, in the case of an articulated connection, can be brought into a transverse plane which is at an angle ( ⁇ ) to the spars. in the range of approximately 100 to 120 °, preferably approximately 110 °, so that the contact surfaces make full contact with the wall when in use.
  • the support paws can be designed as part of a multi-function head, as a torsionally rigid, U-shaped support head, and the contact surfaces can be arranged opposite each other on the two legs of the support head.
  • the support head can, for example, be designed as a 3-function securing head, wherein, viewed from a central conductor axis, the contact surfaces for an outside corner on the inside, the contact surfaces for an inside corner outside and the contact surfaces for flat wall surfaces are arranged in between.
  • the three contact surfaces preferably have an effective direction of twice 45 ° each and lie in a common plane.
  • the support paws form, together with a rung-like connection, a support head which is placed directly on the two spars.
  • the ladder itself receives a strong increase in stability with only a small additional expenditure of material against torsion.
  • the connection with the spars is preferably also torsionally rigid, e.g. designed as a direct intermeshing with the spars, or as a fixed clamp connection, or as an articulated connection.
  • the contact surfaces can be formed on individual shaped bodies or on rubber-pin-like and preferably exchangeable adhesive elements which have an annular contact surface.
  • the new invention further relates to an adjustment support for a ladder, which has a bracket with two legs, and contact surfaces that can be connected to the ladder, and is characterized in that it has as a support head a torsionally rigid bracket that can be fixed to the ladder and that the two legs of the bracket have protruding support paws with contact surfaces which, when the support head is used, point inwards for outside corners, outwards for inside corners and forwards on flat wall surfaces.
  • the effective plane of the contact surfaces is arranged transversely to the two spars when in use or, in the case of an articulated connection, can be brought into a transverse plane which has an angle ( ⁇ ) to the spars in the range of approximately 100 to 120 °, preferably approximately Occupies 110 °, so that the contact surfaces contact the wall over the entire surface when in use.
  • the support head very particularly preferably has connecting means for differently wide connecting, pull-out or fixed ladders. It has been shown that the concrete shape of the support paws, directly at the point at which the force is applied, enables a large number of interesting designs. In a certain analogy to the paws of animals, the most optimal adhesion is achieved from the contact surfaces of the support paws to the respective wall contact surface. This also allows one or even two or more degrees of freedom to be used additionally, in any case with the aim of providing the greatest possible safety for the conductor user and the conductor application.
  • One or two bridging rails or articulated axes running parallel to the rungs of the ladder are arranged as connection means on the head for fixing in each articulation point or recess in the spars or in transition pieces to the ladder.
  • the spars preferably have articulation points with cutouts running parallel to the rungs for connecting the support head to the ladder, the connection preferably being made via one or two bridging rails or hinge axes running parallel to the rungs.
  • Clamping means are assigned to the articulation points for fast and tool-free attachment of the support head or. the bridging rail or hinge axis on the ladder.
  • the contact surfaces can be circular, on individual plastic or rubber-pin shaped bodies, so that the contact surfaces form fully adaptable adhesive elements on the respective wall surface.
  • the shaped bodies are designed as exchangeable adhesive elements.
  • the support paws themselves as round or multi-surface shaped bodies whose contact surfaces consist of individual surface elements oriented in different spatial directions, preferably with a tire-like surface profile.
  • the torsionally stiff bracket and the bridging rails can, if necessary with the support paws, be formed in one piece and manufactured in a lightweight construction, e.g. pressed or injected from aluminum or plastic. This gives you a very stable 3-function head for flat wall surfaces, inside and outside corners.
  • the aim is preferably to produce the positioning support from the material of the ladder.
  • the two projecting ends of the brackets are designed as support paws with pairs arranged and in Different spatial directions that can be brought and / or effective contact surfaces for positioning the conductors both on flat wall surfaces as well as on inside and outside corners, the support paws being connected to the bracket via a vertically aligned pivot axis, for the alignment and adaptation of paired contact surfaces the respective wall contact surface.
  • the two support paws preferably have two contact surfaces which are arranged at a distance from one another and lie in a common plane, for functional cooperation.
  • the majority of the flats in and on residential buildings are flat walls or inside or outside corners. In commercial and industrial applications, however, there are a considerable number of situations with employment situations that differ from the three basic cases mentioned.
  • Each support paw is advantageously held in a central starting position by means of a resilient or elastic mechanism, so that, depending on the wall support surface, both pairs of support paws individually adapt to the orientation of the respective wall surface.
  • the connection of the support pawl and the bracket is preferably designed as a multiple pivot axis, the two axis centers of each pair of support paws in the neutral starting position preferably being aligned approximately parallel to the two contact surfaces.
  • the support paws are each connected to the legs of the brackets via an articulated connection, the axis of which preferably runs parallel to the rungs, the support paws extending over a quarter circle to a semicircle from the position of use Wall can be swung away.
  • This solution concept allows a whole range of additional advantages, such as, for example. Space saving on storage and transport of the ladder with mounted props, greater security against damage to the actuating head, optimization for the replacement of individual parts, further development possibilities without changing the basic concept, etc.
  • This solution allows the support paws to be pocket-shaped Form support blocks in such a way that the support blocks can be inserted or inserted.
  • the support blocks are formed in one piece and as multi-surface shaped bodies, the contact surfaces of which consist of individual surface elements aligned in different spatial directions, preferably with a tire-like surface profile.
  • the support blocks have annular contact surfaces which are formed on individual plastic or rubber-like shaped bodies, so that the contact surfaces contact the wall over their entire area when in use.
  • one or two bridging rails are formed in one piece as part of the torsionally rigid bracket in a lightweight construction and to be pressed or injected in accordance with the type of conductor.
  • a hollow plastic mold provides sufficient stiffness for the bracket with the smallest possible addition of weight and at the same time is an ideal base body for attaching the contact surfaces.
  • the bracket and the bridging rail are preferred for aluminum conductors made of flat material, for example. pressed from a torsionally rigid aluminum sheet, the support paws being able to be attached to the bridging rail in the area of the transitions of the bracket.
  • the connection is particularly preferably made via an articulated axis.
  • Another very particularly advantageous design concept of the invention relates to a fastening device for an adjustment support on a conductor of any width and is characterized in that both sides of the spar each have one Articulation point for receiving and fixing a compensation axis e.g. have a bridging rail or hinge axis.
  • adaptation or transition pieces are provided in the area of the spars, each of which has a fixation slot running parallel to the rungs and forming two articulation points for the support, the fixation slot preferably having a narrow space at the top, for the lateral insertion and insertion of one or two parts area profile compensation axis.
  • clamping means are arranged, for secure and torsionally rigid fixing of the transition pieces in the area of both spars, for example. by bracing over two adjacent rungs, preferably at selectable points on the ladder.
  • the adjusting device can be attached at any point with respect to the conductor height. This hits e.g. when climbing over buildings. The upper end of the conductor must protrude beyond the structure.
  • the upper contact ends of the ladder stiles each have a linkage point, which is formed in the stub ends of the stiles themselves or are designed as transition pieces that can be attached to them.
  • a fixing slot complementary to the bridging rail (s) or joint axis (s) is formed in the transition pieces.
  • Each transition piece preferably has a snow-releasable clamping device which, for example. is designed as a clamping screw, for placing an adjustment support on the ladder or inserting the compensation axis into the fixation slot. If necessary, the bracket can be fastened to the ladder or removed again, regardless of the width of the ladder, and is therefore user-friendly in every respect.
  • the transition pieces for retrofitting existing conductors are each placed on the end face of a spar profile, so that they form a continuation of the spars or are firmly connected to the spar profile.
  • the head piece is preferably used as a straight linear continuation of the spar profile arranged. This means that none of the functions, e.g. for the displacement of the pull-out part in pull-out conductors.
  • the head pieces are advantageously arranged on one side approximately in alignment on one side of each side of the spar.
  • the head piece can be fixed on the long sides of the spar profile on both sides over the wall material and clamped to the spar end face.
  • each transition piece has an elastically adaptable molded body with preferably circular contact surfaces, for use for a flat, vertical wall, the common effective plane of the contact surfaces being arranged in a transverse plane to the two spars, which unite to the spars Angle of preferably about 110 °, so that the contact surfaces contact the wall over the entire surface when in use.
  • the new invention allows the ladder to be divided into three:
  • the parking jack provides a significant extension of the use of the ladder to situations in which a ladder was previously not allowed to be used.
  • the transition piece connects the adjustment support and the ladder and, with the abutment surface attached to it, already allows a strong increase in the security against adjustment and a gentle use of the ladder.
  • Each lightweight conductor is advantageously provided with a transition piece during manufacture or by retrofitting. Not every ladder has to have a prop. E.g. in the case of a pull-out ladder, both ladder parts can be provided with a firmly connected transition piece. On the other hand, a pull-out ladder only needs a prop.
  • a kit for an adjusting head of a ladder with two spars for attaching the adjusting head, preferably at the upper adjusting end is suggested, which is characterized in that the kit has a torsionally stiff bracket with a fixed bracket has bound joint axis or bridging rail or rails which is or are intended for fastening the adjusting head in the spar area for the multifunctional use of the same adjusting head regardless of the conductor width, as wall inner corner or wall outer corner support or as surface support.
  • the kit has two transition pieces, which can be assembled either directly in the area of the upper spar ends, or via tensioning elements for torsionally rigid fixing of the transition pieces in the area of both spars, for example by tensioning over two adjacent rungs, the transition pieces preferably have contact surfaces for placing the conductors against a flat wall.
  • the kit has quick-locking means for attaching the bracket to the transition pieces in a matter of seconds, and also clamping elements for mounting the transition pieces on the ladder. The kit allows the step-by-step retrofitting of existing conductors and the cost-effective replacement of individual parts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a classic, simple adjusting ladder
  • FIG. 2 shows a classic pull-out ladder
  • 3, 3a, 3b, 3c a simple ladder designed according to the invention, the support paws being designed as a continuation of the upper ends of the bars;
  • FIG. 4, 4a a conductor head firmly connected to the bars
  • 5, 5a an angled conductor head which is attached to the two bars by means of a hinge;
  • FIG. 6 produces a conductor head in pressed form
  • Figure 6a shows a section B - B of Figure 6
  • FIG. 7 a ladder with a mounting head mounted directly on the bars
  • Figure 8 shows an adhesive element as a rubber pin with an annular support surface
  • FIG. 9c shows a further embodiment for ledge-like projections
  • FIGS 10, 10a and 10b show two views of one at the
  • Figure 11 is a transition piece for existing conductors
  • FIG. 11a shows the side view of an adaptation or transition piece, the contact surface being supported on a flat wall
  • FIG. 12 an adjustment support with the main forces shown
  • FIG. 12a the attachment of the support head of FIG. 12 to conductors of different widths
  • FIG. 12b shows the clamping of a joint axis to a fixation slot of the spar
  • FIG. 13 shows the fastening of two-part transition pieces by bracing over rungs, for example. for wooden ladders or plastic ladders; 13a to 13d different adaption or transition pieces which are adapted to different spars or spar materials;
  • FIGS. 14, 14a an adjusting support with a folding back support head
  • FIG. 15 shows a kit according to the solution in FIG. 14;
  • FIGS. 16, 16a-16c show a support head with an additional, double pivot axis
  • 17, 17a, 17b a support head with a double pivoting axis, each in a different position;
  • FIGS. 18 and 18a show a double head
  • FIG. 1 shows a conventional, simple adjusting ladder 1 which is supported on a floor 4 via a foot end 2 and is freely positioned on a flat wall 5 via an upper adjusting end 3.
  • the adjusting ladder 1 consists of two bars 6 or 6 ′ and several rungs 7.
  • the adjusting ladder 1 is leaned obliquely against a flat wall 5 with its bars 6 or 6 ′ at an angle ⁇ of approximately 70 ° to the floor 4.
  • a weight G is divided according to the weight of a user, into a vertical force V and a horizontal force H on the floor and a positioning force AW on the flat wall 5.
  • the positioning ladder 1 is first placed vertically on the floor 4 and then placed parallel to the wall 8 about a vertical plane 8 'around an imaginary center line 9 freely against the wall 5.
  • the angle ⁇ (spars 6 / transverse plane 10) is approximately 11.0 ° in addition to the angle ⁇ .
  • the adjusting ladder performs a movement according to arrow AB when starting and removing from wall 5. It is assumed that at least during use the control conductor 1 or the upper control end 3 does not execute any lateral movement S within the transverse plane 10. It does not matter whether it is a simple adjusting ladder as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a known pull-out ladder. Accordingly, the spars with 6, 6a, respectively. 6 ', 6a' ⁇ as well as the upper employees with 3 re ⁇ p.3 '.
  • a complete support head 17 can be an integral part of the conductor 1, without being removable.
  • the ladder stiles can be manufactured as a separate component with an adapted support head 17, made of plastic or aluminum, and firmly connected to the stiles of a ladder in some way, e.g. by welding, by shrink or rivet connections, etc.
  • a corresponding ladder is shown in use in FIGS. 3a-3c.
  • the new prop 100 increases the torsional rigidity of the entire ladder.
  • FIG. 3a shows the ladder insert on a straight wall 5, the rubber pins 27 pointing forward serving as active contact surfaces 26, the remaining rubber pins being passive in this application, that is to say not in use.
  • the conductor 1 is supported according to FIG.
  • FIG. 3b in the case of a wall inner corner 11 via the two outward-pointing rubber pegs 27 'on the two wall parts.
  • FIG. 3c shows the third basic application in the case of a wall outside corner 12, with those facing inwards Support the rubber pin 27 "accordingly on the two wall surfaces.
  • the three inserts mentioned are schematically combined in one figure.
  • FIGS. 4 and 4a show a variant with an adjustment support 100 which is fixedly mounted on the bars 6, 6 'or with a fixed support head 17.
  • the attachment has a press connection with a screw connection or. Riveting 48 on.
  • FIGS. 5 and 5a have a hinge 41 that establishes the connection from the prop 100 to the bars 6, 6 '.
  • the hinge 41 can be brought into an extended position (dashed) if the conductor is not in use, so that only a small space is required for storage. In the angled position (solid line), a stop 43 ensures the determination of the working position.
  • a rotating and latching connection known from conductors can also be selected as the hinge connection.
  • the new adjusting head according to the invention can be connected to a conductor in various ways.
  • the choice for the connection depends strongly on the special orientation of the manufacturer and whether it is a newly manufactured ladder or the retrofitting of existing ladders.
  • One of the partial goals of the invention was to find a solution which essentially includes all the possibilities of the connection. These are: a) tight or one-piece connection (e.g. FIGS. 3 and 4) b) tight, but articulated connection (e.g. FIG. 5) c) quick-mount, tight connection (according to FIGS. 6, 9 and 12 , 14, etc.)
  • FIGS. 6 and 6a show an inexpensive adjusting head with a rigid bracket 18 with two support arms 19.
  • the bracket 18 is a press mold that has been deep-drawn or pressed from a corresponding sheet metal shape. Aluminum is preferably used here.
  • FIG. 6 shows the conductor head from the setting side, so that all of the rubber pins 27, 27 ', 27 "are visible. In FIG. 6a, the same solution is positioned on a flat wall 5 " .
  • FIG. 7 shows the line end of a ladder with another line support 17.
  • the line support 17 has a bracket 18 consisting of two support arms 19, 19 ', on each of which a support pawl 20 is formed.
  • Each support paw 20 has an equal number (in the example four each) of rubber pins 27 which are arranged on the support paws 20 above. Where a rubber pin 27 rests on a wall surface, there is a contact surface 26 in each case.
  • the three basic options for wall adjustment are entered. These are the straight wall 5, an inner corner 11 and an outer corner 12. The case of an inner corner 11 is shown with solid lines, the two rubber pins 27 'arranged on the outside of the support paws 20 each lying on a wall surface and the Form contact surface 26.
  • the basic force effects are shown in a very simplified manner in FIG.
  • the force AW resp. AWl is divided into a normal force ANl acting perpendicular to the wall and a frictional force AR1 acting transversely to it. From FIG. 7 it is now easy to see that when the friction force AR1 is increased, a correspondingly directed reaction force is transmitted via the bracket 18 and acts on the left-hand rubber pin 27 'and increases the normal force AN2 there.
  • the most important point is the design of the bracket 18, which preferably has an open shape, e.g.
  • the bracket must be torsionally stiff, insofar as forces arise from the use of the ladder, so that the changing normal and frictional forces for both spars are intercepted via the bracket and support paws and directly closed with the wall reaction forces. All tests have confirmed that a large part of the previous problems with the use of the conductor, in particular due to the internal tensioning of the conductor itself, arise with an unfavorable support. The lateral slipping or. Slip on the one hand re ⁇ p. the sudden tipping over due to internal tension and poor conditions are the main causes of the accident, insofar as this can be influenced by the top employee.
  • the bracket 18 must be capable of being mounted with sufficient torsion or bending resistance and torsion resistance.
  • the bow shape shown in Figure 7 can, for example. as a press mold, be it made of plastic or aluminum, via a spray or Die casting process are produced and is hinged directly to the bars. It can be made as a hollow shape in order to obtain the lowest possible weight.
  • the base body can also be fixed in accordance with FIG. 6a in a spar head piece 51 via wing nuts 47.
  • the width LB of the conductor is irrelevant, since the corresponding dimension through the bridging rail 105 allows fixation regardless of the width within the usual limits.
  • FIG. 8 An example of a rubber pin 27 is shown in perspective in FIG. 8 and again on a larger scale.
  • the positioning force AW is transmitted to the wall surface via a circular contact surface 26.
  • the pin 27 takes on very large lateral forces, in particular due to the circular cylindrical front design, which result from the action of force AB or AB '.
  • the rubber pin 27 is preferably interchangeably pressed into corresponding bores 28 in the support head 20.
  • An adjuster 100 as a 3-function head is via a transition piece / adapter element pair 101/101 'on a spar
  • the prop stand 100 has a bracket 18 for holding the support paws 20.
  • the three-functional support pawls 19/19 “have differently aligned rubber support pins 27 as supports and adhesive elements.
  • FIGS. 7 and 12 For the operation of the support bracket with a pair of 3-function heads, reference is made to FIGS. 7 and 12, respectively.
  • integral bridges are also provided in pairs - or retainer rails 105.
  • the two bridging rails 105 are preferably parallel to the rungs
  • Each of the two transition pieces 101/101 ' has a holding / guide slot 106 into which the bridging rails 105 can be inserted. Means both sides ange ⁇ brought 'Fixations ⁇ chrauben 107 can An ⁇ tell ⁇ tütze 100 are pressed to the lying against the head abutment surface 108th
  • the conductor width B does not play a role in the area of normal conductor sizes, since fixation is possible at any point on the bridging rail 105.
  • the support head can e.g. as a 3-function head, and the transition pieces / adaptation elements 101/101 'remain permanently connected to the conductor 1.
  • the two transition pieces 101 and 9 are first removed according to FIG. 101 "previously attached directly to the ladder on the spars.
  • the two transition pieces 101 and 101 'each have a retaining lug 114 at the top, each of which forms a short fixation slot 115, a guide fork 116 and a guide slot 117.
  • the assembly is carried out by Retract both transition pieces 101/101 'from above, so that the fixation slots 115 protrude above the rung 7 and the guide slots 117 protrude below the rung 7'.
  • Transition pieces 101 and 101 ' are measured on both sides of the spars over two rungs 7 re ⁇ p. 7 'attached.
  • the quick-release devices 111 with a threaded anchor plate 112 are then inserted into optionally different recess slots 113 of the guide forks 116 and tightened by the screw mechanism 109 via a threaded tensioner 110 between the two rungs 7 and. 7 'clamped, the transition pieces 101/101' being non-positively connected to the conductor.
  • the tensioning device 111 can be any tensioning device and is only shown as an example of a thread tensioning device which can be used variably as required, which can be removed again in the released state with the threaded anchor plate 112 from the recess slot 113 of the guide fork 116 and the second-quick disassembly of the transition pieces 101/101 ". Only then is the adjustment support 100 clamped with the fixing screws 107.
  • FIG. 9c shows a different design of the support paws, respectively. Holding elements which here grip around an edge part of the support head 100 in the manner of a claw.
  • a fixation screw 107 itself is designed as a molded body or adhesive element with a contact surface to a flat, vertical wall. The corresponding contact surface is intended to be placed on the vertical surface of a si-like projection.
  • a further pair of adhesive elements is determined with their contact surfaces and is intended to be placed on a wall surface that runs horizontally or at least essentially horizontally. With the adhesive elements, a hitherto unprecedented level of support is provided via the corresponding horizontal components H and the vertical components V, since additional security is now provided against both lateral sliding and slipping away from the wall.
  • the head of the head can hook up, as it were.
  • the corresponding components are built with high precision and good surface quality. Usually the floor contact surface or the floor covering for the foot part of the ladder but ideal only in the smaller number of cases. Both adhesive elements are attached on both sides to the legs of the multifunctional head 100 and carry the forces from the two spars 6 and 6 respectively. 6 'in an ideal manner to the corresponding wall surface parts.
  • FIGS. 10 to 10b show the upper contact end of a ladder with articulation points attached to it. This is the case of new conductors in which the upper employee ends are formed with transition pieces 5 and an additional rubber stop or an annular contact surface 26 from the factory.
  • the details of the transition piece 51 will now be explained with reference to FIG. 11 which shows a transition piece 51 which can be mounted on the spars.
  • the spar head piece 51 is shown in FIG. 11 and fastened to a spar profile in FIG. 11a.
  • the aluminum spar profiles of the individual manufacturers have very different dimensions. With BS the broad side is marked with SS the narrow side of the spar profile. Both dimensions change from ladder make to ladder make, as does the wall thickness of the spar profiles.
  • the fixation slot 50 has a narrower, upper slot width Fs1 and a larger, lower slot width F ⁇ 2. This is a security measure.
  • the bridging rail 105 of the support 100 preferably has a cross section widened at the bottom, so that the balancing axis or bridging rail 105 can only be inserted from the side.
  • the securing screw 47 is connected to a clamping disk 56 via a threaded bolt 55.
  • the clamping disk 56 can additionally be assigned an elastic rubber element and / or a resilient element, this as additional security and as a resilient element, so that the articulation point when struck e.g. not harmed by throwing it.
  • the screw and gill means 54 essentially consist of two semicircular clamping bolts 57, each of which is individually connected to the spar head piece 52 by means of a clamping screw 58.
  • the spar profile must be installed beforehand de ⁇ spar head piece 52 are provided with four through holes for connecting the clamping bolts 57, the spar profiles being clamped to the spar head piece 52 by means of screws 59.
  • a spar head piece 51 is then placed on the end of the hollow profile, with the clamping bolts 57, which are guided into the hollow profile. All four screws 59 are tightened and then the entire fixation head or the transition piece 51 is clamped with the four clamping screws 58 onto the end face of the spar profile.
  • the ladder is now ready for quick fixation of the new ladder head.
  • the spar head piece 51 is in principle a continuation of the spars itself and does not hinder the sliding movement in the case of pull-out ladders or any additives that are in the area of the. Head end of the spars are usually attached.
  • the spar head piece 51 consists of a fixation head 52 which is fastened in and on the spar profile by means of screwing and greasing means 54. This solution can be used especially with new conductors for retrofitting aluminum conductors.
  • the rail head piece 51 is designed in such a way that the transition piece 51 can also be adapted to different makes of bar / shape of the bar (FIG. 11 a, dashed lines).
  • the rubber stop 53 represents a gentle support on a flat wall 5.
  • the rubber stop 53 is attached to the transition piece 52 in such a way that, when the conductors 1 are in normal contact with a flat wall 5, a contact surface 26 is formed, just as with the active contact surfaces the support paws 20.
  • the angle ⁇ ' is the angle ⁇ -90 ° of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 12 A further embodiment of an adjustment support 100 is shown in FIG. 12 and consists of two support arms 19 or. which are mirror-inverted with respect to a center line or axis of symmetry 9 ′ and are firmly connected to form a unit via screws 25.
  • the rubber pin 27 has a direction of action R1 parallel to the vertical plane 8 'and essentially gives a vertical positioning force AW and is intended for placement on a flat wall 5.
  • the An ⁇ tellkraft AW is transmitted to the wall 5 via an annular support surface 26.
  • a support paw 29 of the support arm 23 ' is identified in FIG. 3 by a dashed line.
  • two articulated axes 30 are re ⁇ p. 30 'arranged with a common axis of rotation 31 which are rotatably fastened via support bolts 32.
  • FIGS. 12a and 12b show the use of the support head on a conductor 1 with the attachment via the articulation axes 30. 30 '. It can be seen from FIG. 12b that conductor widths LB different with the articulation axis with the articulated axes 30. 30 'can be connected, since the corresponding mass play. Fun of the articulated axes 30, 30 'is designed in accordance with the largest and smallest conductor widths. The attachment to new conductors depends on the specific design and the construction material of the conductors, for example whether they are made of wood or aluminum or. is built from aluminum profiles.
  • FIG. 1 The adhesion of a classic ladder (FIG. 1) was compared on a ladder test stand specially created for the new invention.
  • the lateral displacement force (when the two ends of an approximately 2.1 m long ladder is placed against the wall materials in question) was measured, in which the ladder slides sideways from a flat wall.
  • the ladder was laterally pulled away with a force measuring element.
  • the flat wall was chosen because it represents the worst case for the new invention. Surprisingly, even here the measurement results showed an improvement in the stability of the stand by an average of more than 50%.
  • FIG. 13 shows the upper starting end 3 of a ladder 1.
  • 6 ' is a transition piece 60, which is on the top of the head and along the inside of the bars 6 and 6 respectively. 6 'is mounted.
  • Each transition piece 60 consists of an articulated head upper part 61 and a tensioning part 62.
  • the articulated head upper part 61 has a shape adapted to the top of the head and can be attached to the spars 6 or. 6 'are secured.
  • the clamping member is connected to cam 64 to the joint head and the upper part 61 is braced over a span ⁇ nut 65 against a rung 7 to the joint head upper part 61st
  • the top of the joint head 61 has an articulation point 66 on the end face, which is used for fastening, for example, the joint axes 30 or. 30 'is formed, corresponding to Figures 12 to 12b.
  • the articulated axis 30, respectively. 30 '(axis of rotation 31) is secured against the transition piece 60 by a quick-release element 67.
  • Figures 13a - 13d have four different shapes of transition pieces 68, 68 'and. 68 ", so that the transition piece can also be adapted to different pillar brands / hole shapes.
  • a rubber stop 53 is firmly attached to the transition piece 60.
  • the rubber stop 53 has a double function: on the one hand, it provides a gentle and safe support support on a flat wall 5
  • the rubber stop 53 can also serve as a stop for a pivotable prop 20.
  • the prop 100 essentially consists of a flexurally stiff bracket 201 and two support heads 202, respectively. 202 '.
  • the two support heads (202, 202 ') are each connected via an articulated connection or axis 203 to the two legs 204 or. 204 'of the bracket 201 connected.
  • Both legs 204, 204 'each have a bridging rail 205 or. 205 ', which serve as connection means with the transition piece 51 of the conductors.
  • the bridging rails 205, 205 ' may vary tion slot in the Fixa ⁇ 50 of Holmenkop' f publishede re ⁇ p.
  • Transition pieces 51 are pushed in and clamped in each case via a sieving screw 47. Thanks to this configuration, the support can be attached to any conductor 1, provided that the conductor itself has appropriate connecting means or the Leirerholmen transition pieces with fixation. slit on.
  • FIG. 14a again shows the same support as in FIG. 14, but with the support heads 202, 202 'folded back. The folding back takes place, as indicated by circle 106, by rotating about the axis 203. The possibility of folding back has several very special advantages.
  • the jack stand does not protrude for storage or transport. There is a space saving in both cases.
  • each support head can have impellers 207 on both sides.
  • the wheels give a clear power transmission to the bridging rail 205 or when using the ladder. 205 'on the spars. In the retracted position of the support heads, the wheels serve to protect the wall surface.
  • FIG. 15 shows a further, very advantageous embodiment of a support head 202, which consists of a holding pocket 210 and a support block 211.
  • the support block 211 can be pushed very easily into the holding pocket 210 and clamped.
  • the support block has holding holes 212, into each of which a single rubber pin 27 can be pressed.
  • the individual parts can not only be easily replaced as wear parts, but can also be manufactured with an optimal material or process. Not only each part, but also the entire ladder can be manufactured at a lower price and can be retrofitted at a lower cost.
  • FIG. 15 is an example of a kit.
  • FIGS. 16-16c show various variants and dispositions with a multiple swivel axis 97 with flexibly adaptable support clocks.
  • FIGS. 17-17c correspond to the solution, FIGS. 16-16c, however, with only one pivot axis 98.
  • further axes are provided so that an optimal placement of conductors is also possible on non-vertical and possibly curved walls, so that the contact surfaces adapt to each surface course within certain limits.
  • FIGS. 18, 19 and 20 now show the use of a conductor head with flexibly adaptable support paws, with one support paw in each of FIGS. 21a, 22a. 23a is shown in the same position on a larger scale.
  • E ⁇ is a simple functional model made of wood.
  • the bracket 18 has three rolling axes 91, 92 and 93 connected to it, which within a rolling path 94 formed by recesses with the transfer points 91 ', 92', 93 'and 93 ", with at least one or two of the rolling axes 91 in each type of use , 92 and 93.
  • the bracket 18 is connected to the two support paws 90, 90 ′ via a resilient rubber band 95 and a clamping screw 96, and the support paws are thereby held on the bracket.
  • Figures 18 and 18a show the use on a straight wall 5.
  • Contact surfaces 26 transfer the supporting force of the ladder to the wall 5.
  • the two rolling axes 91 and 93 are in the corresponding transfer points 91 'and. 93 'in use and give a very high level of security to an outside corner.
  • the two rolling axes 92 and 93 are in the transfer points 92 'and 93 "in Intervention, for positioning on an inner corner.
  • An actual rotation-centric axis of rotation no longer exists here, rather a virtual axis re ⁇ p is created.
  • Multi-axis for example, at point 99 within the roller track 94.
  • FIGS. 19-23 show a support pawl with pairs or two active contact surfaces 26 respectively.
  • the very great advantage of the multi-joint design is that in this way the frictional connection from the bracket 18 via the support paws 90 is always directed into the center or at least approximately into the center of the two contact surfaces, regardless of the particular use ( straight wall, inside outside corner), so that in any case a very high level of security arises. Due to the torsion-resistant stirrups, the forces are also transmitted as described above, and no torsional forces arise on the individual bars.
  • the invention allows a very large number of combinations. In this way, the two support paws can also be designed differently if there is a special need. It is even possible to attach two unequal support paws to the same support arm, on one side according to FIG. 21 with a movable support paw and on the other with a fixed support paw approximately according to FIG. 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

Il est proposé d'équiper des échelles de têtes d'appui pendant leur fabrication ou de rajouter des appuis (100) à des échelles existantes. L'appui (100) forme une tête à fonctions multiples. L'appui (100) avec des griffes d'appui (20) d'une conception particulière permet non seulement d'appuyer en toute sécurité l'échelle sur des parois droites, bords intérieurs et bords extérieurs sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'échanger les appareils, mais aussi réduit le risque d'accidents pendant presque toutes les opérations effectuées sur une échelle, sans endommager les parois. L'invention peut être utilisée de manière très avantageuse dans et sur des bâtiments, véhicules, avions, bateaux, etc. Des rails d'enjambement (205, 205') permettent de fixer l'appui (100) en quelques secondes sur presque toutes les échelles légères existantes. A cet effet, une pièce nouvelle d'adaptation ou de transition (51) comprend une fente de fixation (50) de l'appui (100) sur des échelles de n'importe quelle largeur. Même la pièce de transition, qui constitue une surface d'appui sur des parois plates, a déjà de nombreux avantages.
PCT/CH1994/000118 1993-06-15 1994-06-15 Echelle avec appui, dispositif de fixation, appui et systeme modulaire de construction d'echelles legeres WO1994029561A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59406825T DE59406825D1 (de) 1993-06-15 1994-06-15 Leiter mit anstellstütze, befestigungsvorrichtung, anstellstütze und baukasten für leiter in leichtbauweise
AU68402/94A AU6840294A (en) 1993-06-15 1994-06-15 Ladder with support, fastening device, support and kit for building light ladders
EP94916865A EP0656093B1 (fr) 1993-06-15 1994-06-15 Echelle avec appui, dispositif de fixation, appui et systeme modulaire de construction d'echelles legeres

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH1993/000154 WO1993025793A1 (fr) 1992-06-16 1993-06-15 Echelle, kit et dispositif d'appui pour echelle
CHPCT/CH93/00154 1993-06-15
CH2455/93-2 1993-08-18
CH245593 1993-08-18
CH3063/93-1 1993-10-12
CH306393 1993-10-12
DE4342241A DE4342241C1 (de) 1993-06-15 1993-12-10 Leiter mit Anstellvorrichtung
DEP4342241.1 1993-12-10
CH79894 1994-03-17
CH798/94-7 1994-03-17
CH1526/94-1 1994-05-17
CH152694 1994-05-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994029561A2 true WO1994029561A2 (fr) 1994-12-22
WO1994029561A3 WO1994029561A3 (fr) 1995-02-02

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PCT/CH1994/000118 WO1994029561A2 (fr) 1993-06-15 1994-06-15 Echelle avec appui, dispositif de fixation, appui et systeme modulaire de construction d'echelles legeres

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EP (1) EP0656093B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994029561A2 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2297350A (en) * 1995-01-25 1996-07-31 Jamie Bull Ladder stand-off
WO1997000370A1 (fr) * 1995-06-14 1997-01-03 Edwin Busenhart Echelle, notamment tete d'echelle, et mecanisme de roulement d'echelles de pompiers
WO1998042943A1 (fr) * 1997-03-20 1998-10-01 Horst Laug Support pour echelles simples
EP1249573A2 (fr) 2001-04-14 2002-10-16 Benno Hälg Support pour le positionnement d'une échelle
WO2009019162A1 (fr) 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 Telesteps Ab Accessoire d'échelle
CN112368458A (zh) * 2018-06-08 2021-02-12 伟英企业有限公司 组合梯、梯子部件和相关方法
USD999404S1 (en) 2018-10-19 2023-09-19 Little Giant Ladder Systems, Llc Ladder

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1994369A (en) * 1933-04-26 1935-03-12 H F Husted Company Pole gripper for ladders
FR1121612A (fr) * 1955-01-27 1956-08-22 Stabilisateur d'échelle
GB757710A (en) * 1953-05-13 1956-09-26 H C Slingsby Ltd Improvements relating to ladders
US3115212A (en) * 1962-05-09 1963-12-24 Homer E Dickes Bonnet for window cleaners' ladder
US3318416A (en) * 1965-10-13 1967-05-09 Robinson Billie Stepladder accessory
US3715012A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-02-06 A Perry Safety ladder brace
FR2166783A5 (fr) * 1972-01-05 1973-08-17 Arnold Emile
US4339020A (en) * 1980-10-23 1982-07-13 Wiseman Donald H Ladder support
GB2107379A (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-27 Samuel David Smith Ladder attachment brackets
US4412599A (en) * 1982-02-12 1983-11-01 Edward McCrudden Ladder attachment
GB2130281A (en) * 1982-10-13 1984-05-31 Samuel David Smith Ladder attachment bracket
US4593790A (en) * 1985-04-17 1986-06-10 Brewer James S Convertible ladder stabilizer
FR2600115A1 (fr) * 1986-06-11 1987-12-18 Spie Trindel Stabilisateur d'echelle
US4754842A (en) * 1988-01-26 1988-07-05 Southern Don L Ladder safety device
GB2207453A (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-02-01 Ronnoco Ladder support
US5012895A (en) * 1989-02-08 1991-05-07 Joseph H. Couch, IIII Ladder stabilizer comprising top extension arms and attached stabilizer bars
WO1993025793A1 (fr) * 1992-06-16 1993-12-23 Edwin Busenhart Echelle, kit et dispositif d'appui pour echelle

Patent Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1994369A (en) * 1933-04-26 1935-03-12 H F Husted Company Pole gripper for ladders
GB757710A (en) * 1953-05-13 1956-09-26 H C Slingsby Ltd Improvements relating to ladders
FR1121612A (fr) * 1955-01-27 1956-08-22 Stabilisateur d'échelle
US3115212A (en) * 1962-05-09 1963-12-24 Homer E Dickes Bonnet for window cleaners' ladder
US3318416A (en) * 1965-10-13 1967-05-09 Robinson Billie Stepladder accessory
US3715012A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-02-06 A Perry Safety ladder brace
FR2166783A5 (fr) * 1972-01-05 1973-08-17 Arnold Emile
US4339020A (en) * 1980-10-23 1982-07-13 Wiseman Donald H Ladder support
GB2107379A (en) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-27 Samuel David Smith Ladder attachment brackets
US4412599A (en) * 1982-02-12 1983-11-01 Edward McCrudden Ladder attachment
GB2130281A (en) * 1982-10-13 1984-05-31 Samuel David Smith Ladder attachment bracket
US4593790A (en) * 1985-04-17 1986-06-10 Brewer James S Convertible ladder stabilizer
FR2600115A1 (fr) * 1986-06-11 1987-12-18 Spie Trindel Stabilisateur d'echelle
GB2207453A (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-02-01 Ronnoco Ladder support
US4754842A (en) * 1988-01-26 1988-07-05 Southern Don L Ladder safety device
US5012895A (en) * 1989-02-08 1991-05-07 Joseph H. Couch, IIII Ladder stabilizer comprising top extension arms and attached stabilizer bars
WO1993025793A1 (fr) * 1992-06-16 1993-12-23 Edwin Busenhart Echelle, kit et dispositif d'appui pour echelle

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2297350A (en) * 1995-01-25 1996-07-31 Jamie Bull Ladder stand-off
WO1997000370A1 (fr) * 1995-06-14 1997-01-03 Edwin Busenhart Echelle, notamment tete d'echelle, et mecanisme de roulement d'echelles de pompiers
WO1998042943A1 (fr) * 1997-03-20 1998-10-01 Horst Laug Support pour echelles simples
US6250424B1 (en) * 1997-03-20 2001-06-26 Horst Laug Ladder support
EP1249573A2 (fr) 2001-04-14 2002-10-16 Benno Hälg Support pour le positionnement d'une échelle
WO2009019162A1 (fr) 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 Telesteps Ab Accessoire d'échelle
CN112368458A (zh) * 2018-06-08 2021-02-12 伟英企业有限公司 组合梯、梯子部件和相关方法
EP3810885A4 (fr) * 2018-06-08 2022-02-16 Little Giant Ladder Systems, LLC Échelles combinées, composants d'échelle et procédés associés
US11441356B2 (en) 2018-06-08 2022-09-13 Wing Enterprises, Incorporated Ladders, top cap for ladders and trays for ladders
EP4239157A3 (fr) * 2018-06-08 2023-10-25 Little Giant Ladder Systems, LLC Échelles combinées, composants d'échelle et procédés associés
USD999404S1 (en) 2018-10-19 2023-09-19 Little Giant Ladder Systems, Llc Ladder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0656093B1 (fr) 1998-09-02
EP0656093A1 (fr) 1995-06-07
WO1994029561A3 (fr) 1995-02-02

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