WO1994017153A1 - Compositions refrigerantes - Google Patents

Compositions refrigerantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994017153A1
WO1994017153A1 PCT/GB1994/000066 GB9400066W WO9417153A1 WO 1994017153 A1 WO1994017153 A1 WO 1994017153A1 GB 9400066 W GB9400066 W GB 9400066W WO 9417153 A1 WO9417153 A1 WO 9417153A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
ether
refrigerant
composition
boiling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1994/000066
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Llewellyn Powell
Stuart Corr
Frederick Thomas Murphy
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB939301004A external-priority patent/GB9301004D0/en
Priority claimed from GB939322307A external-priority patent/GB9322307D0/en
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Plc filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Plc
Priority to EP94904250A priority Critical patent/EP0680503A1/fr
Priority to CA002153072A priority patent/CA2153072A1/fr
Priority to JP6516775A priority patent/JPH08505657A/ja
Priority to BR9406264A priority patent/BR9406264A/pt
Priority to AU58385/94A priority patent/AU686129B2/en
Publication of WO1994017153A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994017153A1/fr
Priority to KR1019950702970A priority patent/KR960700323A/ko

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/106—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/11—Ethers
    • C09K2205/112—Halogenated ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/128—Perfluorinated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/32—The mixture being azeotropic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to non-azeotropic refrigerant compositions and in particular to non-azeotropic refrigerant compositions which are designed to replace chlorodifluoromethane (Refrigerant R-22).
  • Heat transfer devices of the mechanical compression type such as refrigerators, freezers, heat pumps and air conditioning systems are well known.
  • a refrigerant liquid of a suitable boiling point evaporates at low pressure taking heat from a surrounding zone.
  • the resulting vapour is then compressed and passes to a condenser where it condenses and gives off heat to a second zone.
  • the condensate is then returned through an expansion valve to the evaporator so completing the cycle.
  • the mechanical energy required for compressing the vapour and pumping the liquid may be provided by an electric motor or an internal combustion engine.
  • the properties preferred of a refrigerant include low toxicity, non- flammability , non-corrosivity , high stability and freedom from objectionable odour.
  • heat transfer devices have tended to use fully and partially halogenated chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants such as trichlorofluoromethane (Refrigerant R-ll), dichlorodifluoromethane (Refrigerant R-12), chlorodifluoromethane (Refrigerant R-22), or the azeotropic mixture of chlorodifluoromethane and chloropentafluoroethane (Refrigerant R-115); the azeotrope being Refrigerant R-502.
  • Refrigerant R-22 for example, is widely used in air conditioning systems.
  • the present invention provides a non-azeotropic refrigerant composition which is a blend of compounds having low or zero ozone depletion potentials.
  • the refrigerant composition of the invention can exhibit a wide boiling point range and may be used as a replacement for R-22 in air conditioning units.
  • non-azeotropic (zeotropic) refrigerant composition comprising:
  • a (hydro ) fluorocarbon is a compound selected from the group consisting of the hydrofluorocarbons and the perfluorocarbons
  • a (hydro ) fluorocarbon ether is a compound selected from the group consisting of the hydrofluorocarbon ethers and the perfluorocarbon ethers.
  • the low boiling first component typically has a boiling point in the range of from -90 to -30°C, preferably in the range of from -70 to -40°C and particularly preferably in the range of from -60 to -45°C.
  • a preferred hydrocarbon for the low boiling first component is propane.
  • the preferred (hydro )fluorocarbons and (hydro ) fluorocarbon ethers for the low boiling first component are selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethane (CHF3), fluoromethane (CH3F), difluoromethane (CH2F2)! pentafluoroethane (CF3CHF2), 1 , 1 , 1-trifluoroethane (CF3CH3), perfluoropropane (CF3CF2CF3), trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether (CF3OCF2H) and bis (trifluoromethyl ) ether (CF3OCF3) .
  • the low boiling first component may consist of a single refrigerant compound or it may comprise a mixture of such compounds. Where mixtures of refrigerant compounds are employed for the low boiling first component, they will preferably form an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition.
  • Preferred azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions for the low boiling first component include the following:
  • the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprising a mixture, preferably an essentially equimolar mixture, of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane .
  • the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprising a mixture, preferably an essentially equimolar mixture, of 1 , 1 , 1-trifluoroethane and pentafluoroethane .
  • the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprising a mixture, e.g. an essentially equimolar mixture, of pentafluoroethane and propane .
  • the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprising a mixture, e.g. an essentially equimolar mixture, of trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether and propane.
  • the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprising a mixture, e.g. an essentially equimolar mixture, of trifluoromethyl difluoromethyl ether and difluoromethane .
  • the azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprising a mixture, e.g. an essentially equimolar mixture, of perfluoropropane and propane .
  • the low boiling first component comprises at least one refrigerant compound selected from difluoromethane , pentafluoroethane and 1 , 1 , 1-trifluoroethane .
  • Difluoromethane has a boiling point of around -51.7°C
  • pentafluoroethane has a boiling point of around -48.5°C and 1 , 1
  • 1-trifluoroethane has a boiling point of around -47.6°C.
  • the low boiling first component consists essentially of difluoromethane or an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition in which difluoromethane is a component.
  • the high boiling second component typically has a boiling point in the range of from -40 to +20°C, preferably in the range of from -30 to +10°C and particularly preferably in the range of from -20 to +10°C.
  • the preferred (hydro )fluorocarbons and (hydro )fluorocarbon ethers for the high boiling second component are selected from the group consisting of 1 , 1-difluoroethane (CHF2CH3) ,
  • the high boiling second component may consist of a single refrigerant compound or it may comprise a mixture of such compounds, for example an azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixture.
  • the high boiling second component comprises at least one refrigerant compound selected from pentafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether, 1 , 1 , 1 , 2-tetrafluoroethyl trifluoromethyl ether, trifluoromethyl fluoromethyl ether, bis (difluoromethyl ) ether, pentafluoroethyl methyl ether, 1 , 1 , 2 , 2-tetrafluoroethyl trifluoromethyl ether, 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane, 1,1, 1,2,2, 3-hexafluoro ⁇ propane and 1 , 1 , 1 , 3 , 3 , 3-hexafluoropropane .
  • refrigerant compound selected from pentafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether, 1 , 1 , 1 , 2-tetrafluoroethyl trifluoromethyl ether, trifluoromethyl fluoromethyl
  • Pentafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether has a boiling point of around -12°C, 1 , 1 , 1 , 2-tetrafluoroethyl trifluoromethyl ether has a boiling point of around -8°C, trifluoromethyl fluoromethyl ether has a boiling point of around -20°C, bis (difluoromethyl ) ether has a boiling point of around +2°C, pentafluoroethyl methyl ether has a boiling point of around +5°C, 1 , 1 , 2 , 2-tetrafluoroethyl trifluoromethyl ether has a boiling point of around -2°C, 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 3-hexafluoro ⁇ propane has a boiling point of around +6.6°C, 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 3-hexafluoropropane has a boiling point of around -1.4°C and
  • the respective boiling points of the low boiling first component and the high boiling second component are separated by at least 30°C, preferably by at least 40°C.
  • Azeotropic compositions boil at a constant temperature in the evaporator under constant pressure conditions.
  • the refrigerant composition of the invention is a non-azeotropic (zeotropic) composition which boils over a temperature range rather than at a constant temperature, and it is this property which tends to reduce the energy required to operate the heat transfer device.
  • the temperature range over which the refrigerant composition of the invention boils is comparatively wide in view of the fairly large difference between the boiling points of the low boiling first component (A) and the high boiling second component (B).
  • the refrigerant composition of the invention boils over a temperature range of at least 7°C, more preferably over a temperature range of at least 10°C, and in an especially preferred embodiment the refrigerant composition of the invention will boil over a temperature range of at least 13°C.
  • the refrigerant is used in combination with a lubricant.
  • the lubricant circulates around the device along with the refrigerant and provides for continual lubrication of the compressor.
  • the properties desired of a lubricant include good hydrolytic stability and good thermal stability.
  • the lubricant should be compatible with the refrigerant, which in practice means that the lubricant and refrigerant should possess a degree of mutual solubility, i.e. the lubricant and the refrigerant should be at least partially soluble in one another.
  • a refrigerant/lubricant composition comprising: (1) a non-azeotropic (zeotropic) refrigerant composition comprising:
  • Suitable lubricants include those comprising a polyoxyalkylene glycol base oil.
  • Suitable polyoxyalkylene glycols include hydroxyl group initiated polyoxyalkylene glycols, e.g. ethylene and/or propylene oxide oligomers /polymers initiated on mono- or polyhydric alcohols such as methanol, butanol, pentaerythritol and glycerol.
  • Such polyoxyalkylene glycols may also be end-capped with suitable terminal groups such as alkyl, e.g. methyl groups.
  • Preferred lubricants are those comprising an ester base oil which comprises at least one neopentyl polyol ester derived from the reaction of at least one neopentyl polyol and at least one aliphatic carboxylic acid or an esterifiable derivative thereof.
  • the preference for these lubricants is due, inter alia, to their generally high level of thermal stability.
  • Suitable neopentyl polyols for the formation of the ester base oil include pentaerythritol , polypentaerythritols such as di- and tripentaerythritol , trimethylol alkanes such as" trimethylol ethane and trimethylol propane, and neopentyl glycol.
  • the esters may be formed with linear and/or branched aliphatic carboxylic acids, such as linear and/or branched alkanoic acids.
  • a minor proportion of an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid, e.g. an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid may also be used in the synthesis of the ester in order to increase the viscosity thereof.
  • the amount of the carboxylic acid(s) which is used in the synthesis will be sufficient to esterify all of the hydroxyl groups contained in the polyol, although residual hydroxyl functionality may be acceptable. It will be appreciated that esterifiable derivatives of carboxylic acids may be used in the synthesis if desired.
  • the refrigerant/lubricant compositions of the invention will typically comprise a major amount of the refrigerant and a minor amount of the synthetic lubricant.
  • the refrigerant /lubricant compositions of the invention will comprise from 50 to 99 Z by weight, more preferably from 70 to 99 X by weight, of the refrigerant and from 1 to 50 2 by weight, more preferably from 1 to 30 % by weight, of the lubricant based on the total weight thereof.

Abstract

Composition réfrigérante non azéotrope comprenant (A) un premier constituant qui est un réfrigérant à point d'ébullition peu élevé contenant au moins un composé choisi dans le groupe comprenant les (hydro)fluorocarbones, les éthers d'(hydro)fluorocarbone, les hydrocarbures et CO2, et (B) un second constituant qui est un réfrigérant à point d'ébullition élevé contenant au moins un composé choisi dans le groupe comprenant les (hydro)fluorocarbones et les éthers d'(hydro)fluorocarbone, les points d'ébullition du constituant (A) et du constituant (B) présentant un écart d'au moins 20 °C.
PCT/GB1994/000066 1993-01-20 1994-01-13 Compositions refrigerantes WO1994017153A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94904250A EP0680503A1 (fr) 1993-01-20 1994-01-13 Compositions refrigerantes
CA002153072A CA2153072A1 (fr) 1993-01-20 1994-01-13 Compositions refrigerantes
JP6516775A JPH08505657A (ja) 1993-01-20 1994-01-13 冷媒組成物
BR9406264A BR9406264A (pt) 1993-01-20 1994-01-13 Composiçao refrigerante não-azeotrópica
AU58385/94A AU686129B2 (en) 1993-01-20 1994-01-13 Refrigerant compositions
KR1019950702970A KR960700323A (ko) 1993-01-20 1995-07-20 냉매 조성물(refrigerant compositions)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB939301004A GB9301004D0 (en) 1993-01-20 1993-01-20 Refrigerant compositions
GB9301004.9 1993-01-20
GB939322307A GB9322307D0 (en) 1993-10-29 1993-10-29 Refrigerant compositions
GB9322307.1 1993-10-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994017153A1 true WO1994017153A1 (fr) 1994-08-04

Family

ID=26302313

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1994/000066 WO1994017153A1 (fr) 1993-01-20 1994-01-13 Compositions refrigerantes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0680503A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08505657A (fr)
KR (1) KR960700323A (fr)
AU (1) AU686129B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9406264A (fr)
CA (1) CA2153072A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994017153A1 (fr)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996002607A1 (fr) * 1994-07-14 1996-02-01 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002605A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002603A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002606A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002604A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
US5558810A (en) * 1994-11-16 1996-09-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Pentafluoropropane compositions
US5562853A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,-octafluorobutane compositions
US5562855A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Octafluorobutane compositions
US5626790A (en) * 1992-11-19 1997-05-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Refrigerant compositions including 1,1,2-trifluoroethane and hexafluoropropane
US5672293A (en) * 1994-03-11 1997-09-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrofluorocarbon compositions
US5681501A (en) * 1995-10-11 1997-10-28 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions including a hydrofluoropropane
US5688431A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-11-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Octafluorobutane compositions
US5705471A (en) * 1994-09-29 1998-01-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octaflourobutane compositions
WO1998008912A1 (fr) * 1996-08-30 1998-03-05 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
US5730894A (en) * 1996-04-16 1998-03-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane azeotropic (like) compositions
US5954995A (en) * 1996-03-22 1999-09-21 Goble; George H. Drop-in substitutes for 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) refrigerant
US6056891A (en) * 1998-09-01 2000-05-02 Goble; George H. Drop-in performance increasing substitute for 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane refrigerant
US6261473B1 (en) * 1998-06-26 2001-07-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Sanai Working fluid containing 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and carbon dioxide
US6416683B1 (en) * 1992-05-28 2002-07-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions of a fluoroether and a hydrofluorocarbon
US6531441B1 (en) 1994-03-11 2003-03-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrofluorocarbon compositions
US6688118B1 (en) 1996-03-01 2004-02-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane
WO2004051155A1 (fr) 2002-12-03 2004-06-17 Nihon Freezer Co.,Ltd. Systeme refrigerant a melange non-azeotrope, et melange non-azeotrope pour tres basses temperatures utilise pour ce systeme
US6881354B2 (en) * 1998-12-30 2005-04-19 Praxair Technology, Inc. Multicomponent refrigerant fluids for low and cryogenic temperatures
USRE40627E1 (en) 2000-06-28 2009-01-27 Brooks Automation, Inc. Nonflammable mixed refrigerants (MR) for use with very low temperature throttle-cycle refrigeration systems
US7861541B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2011-01-04 Tiax Llc System and method of refrigeration

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EP0299614A2 (fr) * 1987-06-09 1989-01-18 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Mélanges d'hydrocarbures halogénés à usage frigorifique
EP0385737A1 (fr) * 1989-02-28 1990-09-05 Hampshire Chemical Corporation Réfrigérant à base de bis(difluorométhyl)éther
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EP0539952A1 (fr) * 1991-10-28 1993-05-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Fluide moteur contenant du propane
WO1993014173A1 (fr) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-22 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions utilisees comme refrigerants
WO1993018110A1 (fr) * 1992-03-03 1993-09-16 University Of Moncton Melange refrigerant non azeotrope de r23, r125 et r32

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WO1992001762A1 (fr) * 1990-07-26 1992-02-06 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Melanges quasi-azeotropes destines a etre utilises en tant que refrigerants
CN1029625C (zh) * 1990-12-17 1995-08-30 纳幕尔杜邦公司 氟化烃的恒沸组合物

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DE3508624A1 (de) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-11 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Waermepumpe
EP0299614A2 (fr) * 1987-06-09 1989-01-18 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Mélanges d'hydrocarbures halogénés à usage frigorifique
EP0385737A1 (fr) * 1989-02-28 1990-09-05 Hampshire Chemical Corporation Réfrigérant à base de bis(difluorométhyl)éther
EP0430169A1 (fr) * 1989-11-30 1991-06-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Fluide de travail
WO1992016597A1 (fr) * 1991-03-18 1992-10-01 Allied-Signal Inc. Compositions refrigerantes non azeotropes comprenant du difluoromethane, du 1,1,1-trifluoroethane ou du propane
EP0539952A1 (fr) * 1991-10-28 1993-05-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Fluide moteur contenant du propane
WO1993014173A1 (fr) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-22 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions utilisees comme refrigerants
WO1993018110A1 (fr) * 1992-03-03 1993-09-16 University Of Moncton Melange refrigerant non azeotrope de r23, r125 et r32

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6416683B1 (en) * 1992-05-28 2002-07-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions of a fluoroether and a hydrofluorocarbon
US5626790A (en) * 1992-11-19 1997-05-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Refrigerant compositions including 1,1,2-trifluoroethane and hexafluoropropane
US5785883A (en) * 1994-03-11 1998-07-28 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrofluorocarbon compositions with tetrafluoroethane and cyclopropane
US6846792B2 (en) 1994-03-11 2005-01-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrofluorocarbon compositions
US6531441B1 (en) 1994-03-11 2003-03-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrofluorocarbon compositions
US5672293A (en) * 1994-03-11 1997-09-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Hydrofluorocarbon compositions
WO1996002606A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002604A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002603A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
WO1996002605A1 (fr) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Compositions refrigerantes
AU692567B2 (en) * 1994-07-13 1998-06-11 Ineos Fluor Holdings Limited Refrigerant compositions
US5744052A (en) * 1994-07-14 1998-04-28 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Azeotrope-like compositions containing difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane, and carbon dioxide
WO1996002607A1 (fr) * 1994-07-14 1996-02-01 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions refrigerantes
US5772911A (en) * 1994-09-29 1998-06-30 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-Octafluorobutane compositions
US5562855A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Octafluorobutane compositions
US5562853A (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-10-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,-octafluorobutane compositions
US5705471A (en) * 1994-09-29 1998-01-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octaflourobutane compositions
US5688431A (en) * 1994-09-29 1997-11-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Octafluorobutane compositions
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BR9406264A (pt) 1996-01-30
JPH08505657A (ja) 1996-06-18
KR960700323A (ko) 1996-01-19
AU686129B2 (en) 1998-02-05
EP0680503A1 (fr) 1995-11-08
CA2153072A1 (fr) 1994-08-04
AU5838594A (en) 1994-08-15

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