Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
  • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
  • H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/125—Means for positioning

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an antenna mount for direct television by geostationary satellites.
• the satellites are geostationary, that is to say fixed with respect to the earth and to optimize the possibility of reception, that is to say multiply the possibilities of reception of emissions, the antenna mount makes it possible to point successively the satellites to receive their respective broadcasts.
• the orbit is geostationary in the plane of the equator, centered in the center of the earth and of radius
• Figure 1 shows the description of the problem posed defining the earth, the plane of the equator, the equator, the center (O) of the earth, the location (M) of the location of the antenna, the vertical (MO) of the location of the antenna and the latter.
• multisatellite mounts are either provided with two motors allowing, either by successive trial and error, or by computer program and memorization specific to the location of the station, to point exactly at the different satellites, or single engine but with a approximate follow-up.
• the former are very expensive and therefore reserved for professional use for very large antennas.
• the second are based on two different mechanisms.
• the first ( Figure 2) is to define the vertical of the location and rotate the antenna around this axis: the axis of the antenna moves in a plane perpendicular to the vertical (MO) of the location and cuts the orbital plane along a straight line (D ').
• the aim of the satellites is therefore very approximate and only very poorly receives satellites, located in the vicinity of the radial plane of the earth containing the axis of the poles and the location of the station.
• the second mechanism Figure 3 consists of defining the same elements but inclining, in the meridian plane, the axis of articulation and rotation of the antenna by an angle complementary to the latitude of the location, so that this axis is perpendicular to the plane of the equator and to incline the axis of the antenna with respect to this axis of rotation so that the beam of the antenna describes a cone of revolution whose center of the base in the plane of the equator is the projection of the location on the plane of the orbit.
• the intersection of the scanning of this beam and the orbital plane is therefore a circle offset from the center of the earth.
• the aim is more precise but becomes too false when we want to target a satellite a little lower on the horizon, which requires larger antennas and the angles to be displayed are specific to the location of the station ( figure 5).
• the aiming error is such that it leads to either oversize the diameters of the parabolic antennas , either to use very fine and expensive electronics, or to agree to be able to receive only certain transmissions correctly by selecting the targeted satellites in a low amplitude beam.
• countries which are not facing certain satellites are deprived of broadcasts, very large countries (US, USSR, China, India, ...) or areas of influence of languages or interests (French-speaking Africa, Muslim countries for religion, Japan and South East Asia for culture, etc.) are required either to be unable to communicate or to have to multiply the direct television satellites; the same is true for professional telecommunications satellites.
• the present invention overcomes these nconvantages. Indeed, it allows, with a single propeller, to aim exactly at the orbit, to display an angle proper to the latitude of the location of the antenna and to have its own rotations to target the different satellites independent of the location installation location ( Figure 6).
• the antennas can be of smaller dimensions, the installation is much simpler and easy to carry out, the mount can be equipped with a pre-programming made in factory since independent of the place and the installation can be practiced by an individual without training or measuring devices when at present the intervention of a professional laying specialist is necessary.
• the process used to achieve this objective is as follows.
• the antenna beam must describe, in the plane of the equator, a circle which is the geostationary orbit of direct television satellites.
• the antenna beam must therefore be constantly a generator of an oblique cone from the top of the location of the station, from an oblique axis to the vertical of this place passing through the center of the earth and for directing in the plane. from 1 • equator the geostationary orbit.
• this oblique cone is cut by a plane parallel to the plane of the equator, the director of this cone in this plane is a circle centered at the intersection of this plane with the vertical of the location of the station and of proportional radius, so that the two cone portions, that defined from the geostationary orbit and limited between this orbit and the vertex and that limited between the plane parallel to the plane of
• the equator and the vertex are homothetic with the center of the vertex and the ratio of the radius of the earth divided by the distance from the vertex of the cone to the point of intersection of the plane parallel to the plane of the equator with the vertical of the location; the homothety can be positive or negative (Figure 4).
• a vertical axis is formed on the frame by fixing a post (1) and a fine adjustment system (4).
• a axis (D) is rotated around an axis normal to the meridian plane by an angle equal to the angle complementary to the latitude of the place of installation of the antenna so that this axis (D ) or perpendicular to the plane of the equator.
• a point (B) linked to this axis (D), turning around it describes a homothetic circle of the geostationary orbit.
• this line (AB) is indeed a generator of the oblique cone defined in the previous paragraph. If the parabola is said to be “offset”, that is to say if its plane of attachment is not normal to the axis of symmetry of the paraboloid of infinite revolution in which the antenna is taken but oblique, it is necessary that this plane has a reverse inclination on the frame to bring this next axis (AB) or parallel to it. Mainly in the case of antenna "offset”, it is very important that a plane of the antenna, that of symmetry for example, always remains parallel to itself during displacements.
• the antenna support must have only two rotations, for example a vertical and a horizontal perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the antenna, instead of three; this is more logical anyway since two rotations allow to define a line in space.
• the link between the antenna support and the arm (BM) must allow three rotations free composition of the two rotations of the right (AB) and that around the right (D) as well as a translation since the triangle (AMB) is deformable with two sides of fixed length (AM and BM) and a variable angle (ABM).
• Such a mount therefore has only two adjustments to make: place the axis of rotation of the straight line (D) in the meridian plane of the installation layout plane, adjust the inclination of (D) at an equal angle in addition to the latitude of the location.
• the adjustment in the meridian plane can be facilitated by carrying out this adjustment on the reception of a satellite after having "displayed" the theoretical angle of this one by turning the mount around the vertical of the place of installation and by immobilizing this movement right after.
• the setting is designed in such a way that, after having materialized the vertical of the location, by displaying the desired angles, either using a vernier or other mechanical and visual means, or using '' a stepper or resolver motor by using a computer meter without special devices so that such a product can be sold in supermarkets.
• Antenna mount for direct television by satellites characterized by a mechanism allowing the antenna beam to describe an oblique cone having for apex the place of installation of the installation, for oblique axis the vertical of this place passing through the center from the earth and the geostationary orbit of satellites as director; for this the frame has an axis adjusted vertically on which are materialized two fixed points, one being (A) the top of the cone and the other a point (M) located at a distance (d) from it defining a homothetic ratio equal to (d) divided by the radius of the earth, an axis (D) passing through (M) and being able to be inclined in the meridian plane by an angle complementary to that of the latitude of the place of installation of the station and around which an arm (MB), of length (r) such that (d) and (r) are respectively proportional to the radius of the earth and to the radius of the geostationary orbit, rotates thus describing a circle ( C) centered in (M), in a parallel
• the terminal displacement control members are produced by worm-wheel systems whose gear ratios and modules allow a reduction sufficiently precise to obtain pointing accuracy by sim ⁇ le display of the rotation of the screws, an irreversibility and a mechanical strength of the teeth sufficient to withstand exceptional winds of 160 Km / H, either alone or supplemented by an immobilizer system; i.
• the me. ure simply has three settings, one is the verticality setting of the shouldered axis (3) forming the line (AM), the other the orientation of the plane of symmetry of the frame in the meridian plane of the place of location of the station, the last one is the elevation adjustment at an angle complementary to the latitude of the location of the station, these adjustments are simple and do not require any special equipment except those supplied with the mount because the mechanism is adjusted in the factory (AM) in line with the stepped axis and the fine adjustment in the Meridian plane is produced after pointing and focusing on a satellite.
• AM the verticality setting of the shouldered axis (3) forming the line
• the last one is the elevation adjustment at an angle complementary to the latitude of the location of the station
• the frame is protected by a system of casings reducing wind resistance, protecting the dangerous parts of the mechanism and ensuring a sufficient seal to guarantee the achievement of these specifications.
• the vertical axis consists of a post (1), which can be installed in a garden, on a roof, on a balcony or a facade, having a collar at its upper part in which are three tapped holes at 120 ° one others on a circle all around the post and a tapped hole in the center, of a mounting frame proper (4) comprising four smooth holes adapting to the four tapped holes of the post and three tapped holes so that using three pressure screws screwed into the threaded holes of the support, you can vary the orientation of the mount support and immobilize this support on the post using four assembly screws that screw into the four holes of the post, this support has a bore calibrated so that it achieves a removable pivot connection with the antenna mount and it is this axis which is adjusted vertically or at a corrective angle, the mount can be secured to this support with the 'help a stepped axis adjusting in the bore of the support and locked in position using for example a pressure screw, a pinch, tangent
• connection between the dish support and the frame is made by two articulations, one with a vertical axis between the shouldered axis (3) of the frame itself and collinear with it and an intermediate piece called a yoke (6 ), the other in screed (24) between the screed
• these joints can be produced by bearings or sealed ball bearings for example.
• the shouldered axis (3) of the mount has a horizontal axis clevis articulation with the latitude tilt axis (8) of the frame, this axis is concurrent with the axis of the shouldered cylinder of this same part, this point being the point (M) defined above at a distance from the shoulder such that the length (AM) is defined by all of the parts: stepped axis of the frame itself, yoke, parabola support and axis of articulation linking the shouldered axis and the axis of inclination of latitude.
• the axis of inclination of latitude (8, FIG. 11) comprises, with the shouldered axis of the frame proper, a clevis joint defined above and a calibrated shouldered cylinder, forming a pivot for the tracking system (9), this cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of its clevis joint, in the plane of symmetry thereof.
• the monitoring system (9, Figures 10 and 12) has a calibrated and shouldered bore forming with the axis of latitude tilt a pivot connection made using bearings or bearings for example and a slide (10) d 'perpendicular axis of the tracking system (7) and whose plane of symmetry contains it for receiving the ball joint support (11) forming the connection (B) defined above.
• the ball joint support (11, Figures 13 and 10) forming the connection (B) has a slider which is received in the slide of the adjustable tracking system and can be immobilized in position, a bore parallel to the slider and in the plane of symmetry of that -this receiving a hollow ball joint (12, Figure 10) made specially, or commercially, such that the center of the ball joint is at a distance parallel to the pivot axis of inclination axis of zero latitude from the axis of the connection in clevis of this axis with the stepped axis of the mount itself and at a distance perpendicular to this pivot and in the plane of symmetry of the tracking system such that the ratio (AM) / (BM) is equal to the ratio radius of the earth divided by the radius of the geostationary orbit.
• the satellite dish support (7) has in its plane of symmetry, perpendicularly and concurrently, a calibrated bore receiving a calibrated axis (13) forming with it a total removable link, this axis slides freely in the bore of the hollow ball joint defined above, a parabola fixing platform parallel to the axis of the yoke of this support and whose inclination relative to the plane formed by the axis of this yoke and the calibrated bore of this support is either a fixed angle equal to 90 ° for symmetrical parabolas or an angle equal to the "offset" angle for so-called “offset” parabolas, or has a pivot with an axis parallel to 1 • axis of the yoke of this dish support then receiving a specific adaptation to the type of dish used, a support surface for this adaptation and a locking and adjustment device thereof.
• the device for tilting the tilt axis is produced using a worm-wheel system (14, FIG. 10), the reduction of which combined with a vernier linked to the screw allows the display of an accuracy of the order of l / 100th of a degree, this system is irreversible and supplemented by a locking screw in position (15) making it possible to absorb a large part of the effects of bad weather on the antenna so that, for a small footprint, resistance and holding in position are great, the mount is adjusted at the time of assembly in the factory so that the pivot of the tilting device is parallel to the stepped axis of the antenna mount properly said.
• the displacement control of the tracking system relative to the tilt axis is carried out using a worm-wheel output device (16) whose wheel is integral with the tilt axis and the screw has with the tracking system a pivot link, a reducer (17), either with gears, or a second worm-wheel system whose input member is a stepper motor (18) whose casing is linked to the tracking system such that a rotation of one step of the motor corresponds to an angle of rotation of the tracking system relative to the tilt axis, preferably less than 1 / 100 th of a degree.
• connection (B) between the tracking system and the dish support can be achieved by means of two perpendicular pivot connections (19) between them, one horizontal perpendicular to the axis of rotation tracking the axis of inclination and perpendicular to its plane of symmetry with an intermediate part, the other with a perpendicular axis, vertical in the horizontal position of the antenna beam between this intermediate part and a so-called compatibility axis, this axis is pierced with a horizontal hole, perpendicular to the pivot axis of the tracking system, all these axes being concurrent at the theoretical point (B) in the plane of symmetry of the tracking system thus achieving a connection having three degrees of freedom in rotation and one in following translation (MB) ( Figures 31, 32, 33).
• the axis of compatibility defined in the preceding paragraph is provided with a sliding connection normal to the axis of rotation of the tracking system and whose sliding axis is in the plane of symmetry of this system with a calibrated axis, of complementary shape having a pivot connection with the part called dish support, the dish is then totally linked to this axis calibrated by means of a standard support totally linked to this axis and adaptations specific to each brand and dimension of dish ( Figures 9, 31, 32, 33).
• the homothesis in question can be positive or negative, which implies that if it is positive, the theoretical point (A) is above the theoretical point (M) and that the connection (B) is situated on the same side as the parabola with respect to the vertical (AM) constituted by the axis of rotation of the yoke (6) with respect to the shouldered axis (3), in the case of a negative homothety, (M) is above (A) and the connection (B) and the parabola are arranged on either side of the vertical (AM).
• the rollover ensuring at the same time safety with respect to children, adults and domestic animals, the reduction of the catch in the wind, the protection of the mechanism against bad weather, plant and small animal debris (insects, ...), is generally spherical in shape, the center of which is located at point (A) of the mechanism, in two hollow hemispheres (20 and 21), one of which snaps into place. 'other and whose joint plane is oblique and perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the mount to allow the part closest to the antenna to receive a bored boss coming to center this cover on the yoke and immobed?
• the dish support has a spherical part (24) covering the opening made in the cover to ensure a seal with clearance and baffle between the cover and itself.
• the cowling is of generally spherical shape as previously but includes, in addition to the protection offered by the satellite dish support, a second cowl inside the first, in the form of a portion of a sphere, linked to the boss of the tracking support allowing the support-ball joint connection so as to make a double sealing baffle, the amplitude of the portion of the sphere is such that the opening of the cover principal is constantly
• the cowling consists of a main cover of generally spherical shape, supplemented by a tunnel shape coming to be fixed on the parabola support, this cover has a wide opening with internal collar, in this cover, an intermediate cover of spherical shape slides freely and has at its lower part a wide opening with internal flange and at its upper part an external flange, in this second cover, a third, of spherical shape is housed on the stepped axis of the frame by a tight or glued boss and an external flange so that the relative movements of these covers are driven by their respective flanges and that the amplitudes of the movements are compatible with the possibilities of the covers, the center of the spheres of these covers coincides with point (A) of the mechanism.
• the cowling consists of an external cover in two parts, the upper one remains spherical extended by a tunnel shape coming to be fixed on the parabola support, the other which is linked to it by screw or clipping is semi-spherical and has a large lower opening allowing the relative deflections of the parts, an inner cover linked to the axis supported by a tight or glued boss, of spherical shape, comes to constantly cover 1 ' lower opening of the outer cover to ensure sealing, the centers of the spheres coincide with point (A) of the mechanism.
• the shouldered axis can be deflected and in two parts rigidly linked together so that the rollover can be achieved by means of an external cover in two semi-spherical parts linked together by screws or snap-fastening, the part close to the parabola is provided with a boss coming to be fixed by tightening or gluing on the end part of the stepped axis, the other half-cover has a large opening allowing the passage of the calibrated axis forming the connection (B), a second spherical inner cover, linked by tightening or gluing to the follow-up support by a boss at the level of the ball joint constantly closes the opening of the external cover during the relative movements different elements of the mechanism to ensure sealing by narrow passage, the center of these covers is at point (M) of the mechanism, the dish support may have, to link the boss carrying the axis of ball joint, clevis connection bosses and the parabola fixing plate an external spherical shape
• the cowling can be produced by a spherical cowling in two parts connected to each other by screw or snap-fastening, the lower part of which comprises a boss coming to be housed in the vertical axis of the yoke and linked to it by screws, tightening or gluing and a light-shaped opening in the plane of symmetry of the mechanism to allow the passage of the calibrated axis forming with the ball joint the connection (B), this light receives a cover leaving the passage of this axis and its form of connection with the other functional surfaces of the dish support, the center of this cover is at point (A) of the mechanism.
• Rubber seals in the form of flexible bellows for rotation, translation, cylindrical or helical can be installed to improve the sealing and complete it in case of part of mechanism external to the covers.
• the architecture of the entire mechanism can be: either internal to the cowling, or the yoke and its connections are external to the cowling.
• the parabola is fixed by adaptation pieces according to the different models of parabolas, these adaptation pieces have a single fixing by four screws on an "offset" tilt support articulated along an axis parallel to the axis of the fork-dish support, adjustable and immobilizable in position on a plane of the dish support normal to the plane defined by the calibrated axis forming with the ball joint the connection (B) and the axis of the fork connection- dish support and normal to the plane of symmetry of the mechanism.
• the adaptation pieces specific to each antenna are finely adjusted relative to the dish support plate by means of screws or shims of variable thicknesses inserted around the upper screws of the fixing of these adaptations to compensate for the manufacturing defects of the elements.
• the mount has scales of overall dimensions or of certain elements only to adapt in terms of resistance as well as aesthetics, motorization, ... to the different dimensions of satellite dishes.
• a first variant ( Figures 17 and 18) is characterized by a positive homothety.
• a mast (23), fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration.
• the support (21) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (25) and the level of precision whose reading sensitivity is of the order of 0.01 °; this support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (22).
• the elevation support axis (18) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground.
• This axis has a pivot link with the support (21) which can be made total using the pressure screw (26).
• This fixed axis (18) carries, on the one hand the yoke (16) and, on the other hand the azimuth tracking support (33) and its adjustment by the worm (29).
• the yoke (16) has a pivot connection with the axis (18) produced, for example, using two self-lubricating bearings (19) and is articulated on the antenna support (15) by means of the two axes of articulation (5).
• the elevation adjustment system consists of a gear (28) toothed and meshing on a worm (29) linked to the azimuth tracking support (33) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (13), linked to the axis (18), and placed in the center of the toothed wheel (28).
• This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (12) avoiding any vibration and reinforcing the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation.
• the azimuth tracking support (33) carries, by a pivot link made using two self-lubricating bearings for example, the reduction motor support
• the motor (35) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of
• HOKm / H It includes a gear reducer and an endless screw ⁇ 37) of output coming to mesh on the wheel (36).
• the system is irreversible, which makes it possible to differentiate the boundary conditions of the wind authorizing the maneuver 110 Km / H and of resistance of the antenna under the influence of the wind 160Km / H.
• the motor support (34) has, with the antenna support (15), by means of the rod (8) linked thereto, a ball joint and sliding pivot (10) ensuring the movement of the antenna.
• the parts (23, 21, 18, 28) are always fixed.
• the parts (29), (33), (36) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (28, 29) and the screw (12).
• the yoke (16) rotates around the fixed vertical axis (18).
• the elements (34), (35), (37) rotate around the axis of (33).
• the antenna support (15) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (16) and of translation rotation relative to the engine support (34).
• the vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (13) and of articulation of the antenna support (15) on the yoke (16) via the axes (5) conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance between the axis of (33) and the center of the ball joint (10) according to the principle defined in the previous paragraph.
• the remote control facing the receiver by remote control, insensitive to dead leaves and various mosses, insensitive to small animals and bad weather, it is necessary to cover the mechanism and make it "waterproof”; this rollover also allows a reduction in the wind resistance, the noises (whistling) of the wind and gives an attractive aesthetic.
• the cowling consists of two hemispheres (17) and (27).
• the cover (17) is linked to the yoke (16) by a slightly “hard” fitting on the cylindrical part thereof and has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (2.); this cover (17) rotates around the elevation support axis (18) and comprises a radial slot allowing the passage and the clearance of the rod (8) and the boss to the antenna support (15) allowing the fixing of this cige.
• the cover (27) is centered and snapped onto the cover (17) and is therefore easily removable.
• the antenna support (15) has a "tail” in the plane of the groove and wider than the latter to ensure “the seal" of this groove.
• seals (7) and (20) ensure that moisture does not come into contact with the functional surfaces of the mechanism.
• the center of the various covers is located at the intersection of the axes (5) and (8) carried by the antenna support (15).
• the fixing the antenna on the antenna support (15) is perpendicular to the axis of the rod (8) or inclined by the angle "offset" with respect thereto.
• the engine must withstand the most severe weather conditions and the materials used are determined by their mechanical characteristics but above all for their ability to withstand bad weather and contact with each other.
• a second variant ( Figures 19 and 20) is characterized by negative homothety.
• a mast (3) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, a roof or along a vertical wall, is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration.
• the support (7) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (1) and the level of precision whose reading sensitivity is of the order of 0.01 °; this support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (6).
• the elevation support axis (10) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot link with the support (7) which can be made total using the pressure screw (5).
• This fixed axis (10) carries, on the one hand the yoke (27) and, on the other hand the azimuth tracking support (17) and its adjustment by the worm (44).
• the yoke (27) has a pivot connection with the axis (10) produced, for example, using two self-lubricating bearings (4) and is articulated on the antenna support (22) by means of the two hinge pins (40).
• the elevation adjustment system consists of a gear (37) toothed and meshing on an endless screw (44) linked to the azimuth tracking support (17) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (32), linked to the axis (10), and placed in the center of the toothed wheel (37).
• This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (35) avoiding any vibration and strengthening the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation.
• the azimuth tracking support (36) carries, by a pivot link made using two self-lubricating bearings, for example, the reduction motor support
• the motor (21) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of HOKm / H, it includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (37).
• the motor support (17) has, with the antenna support (22), by means of the rod (20) linked thereto, a ball joint and sliding pivot (18) ensuring the movement of the antenna.
• the parts (3, 7, 10, 16) are always fixed.
• the parts (37), (36), (46) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (37, 21) and the screw (35).
• the yoke (27) rotates around the fixed vertical axis (10).
• the elements (21, 18, 17) rotate around the axis of (36).
• the antenna support (22) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (27) and of translation rotation relative to the engine support (17).
• the cover consists of two hemispheres
• the cover (45) is linked to the orientation support axis (10) by a slightly “hard” fitting on the cylindrical part thereof and has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (21).
• the cover (11) is centered and fitted by clipping onto the cover (45) and is therefore easily removable and has a large opening allowing the passage of the various elements.
• the inner cover (12) centers and fits onto the engine support (17) to ensure the closing of the openings necessary for the deflections of the elements relative to the housings (11) and (45).
• a seal (19) seals between the reducing motor support (17) and the antenna support (22).
• the center of the covers is located in the plane of symmetry of the mechanism and on the axis (32).
• a third variant ( Figures 21 and 22) is characterized by a positive homothety.
• a mast (23) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration.
• the support (25) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (20) and the level of precision whose reading sensitivity is of the order of 0.01 °; this support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (24).
• the elevation support axis (27) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground. This axis has a pivot link with the support (25) which can be made total using the pressure screw (19).
• This fixed axis (27) carries, on the one hand the yoke (21) and on the other hand the azimuth tracking support (1) and its adjustment by the worm (8).
• the yoke (21) has a connection pivot with the axis (27) produced for example using two self-lubricating bearings (28) and is articulated on the antenna support (2) by means of the two articulation axes (39).
• the elevation adjustment system consists of a gear (18) toothed and meshing on a worm (17) linked to the azimuth tracking support (40) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (7), linked to the axis (27) and placed in the center of the toothed wheel (18).
• This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (5) avoiding any vibration and strengthening the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation.
• the azimuth tracking support (40) carries, by a pivot link produced using two self-lubricating bearings, for example, the reduction motor support (40) as well as a toothed wheel (3) totally linked to the support part.
• the motor (9) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of 110 km / H. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm (8) which meshes with the wheel (3).
• the system is irreversible, which makes it possible to differentiate the boundary conditions of the wind authorizing the 110 km / H maneuver and the resistance of the antenna under the influence of the 160 km / H wind.
• there is a linear law between motor rotation and azimuth rotation which allows precise counting of the azimuth position.
• the motor support (40) has, with the antenna support (2), by means of the rod (36) linked thereto, a ball joint and sliding pivot (33) ensuring the movement of the antenna.
• the parts (27), (25), (23), (18) are always fixed.
• the parts (17), (1), (3) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (16, 17) and the screw (5).
• the yoke (21) rotates around the axis fixed vertical (27).
• the elements (8), (9), (40) rotate around the axis of the support piece (1).
• the antenna support (2) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (21) and of rotation-translation relative to the engine support (40).
• the cover consists of two hemispheres
• the cover (30) is linked to the axis (27) by a slightly hard fitting on the cylindrical part thereof and has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (9).
• the engine support (40) has a cylindrical tail in its plane of symmetry allowing the slightly hard fitting of an inner cowl (32).
• the cover (31) has a large opening allowing the normal movement of the engine support (40) relative to the fixed axis (27).
• the shape of the cover (31) is conditioned by the constant covering of the opening made in the cover (31) to ensure sealing.
• seals (37), (26) and (29) ensure that moisture does not come into contact with the functional surfaces of the mechanism.
• the center of all these covers is located in the plane of symmetry of the mechanism and in the center of the axis (7).
• a fourth variant ( Figures 23 to 26) is characterized by negative homothety.
• a pole (9) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration.
• the support (1) itself is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (10) and the level of precision, the reading sensitivity of which is around 0.01 °. This support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (3).
• the elevation support axis (13) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground.
• This axis has a pivot link with the support (1) which can be made total using the pressure screw (7).
• This fixed axis (13) carries, on the one hand the yoke (4) and, on the other hand, the azimuth tracking support (25) and its adjustment by the worm (26).
• the yoke (4) has a pivot connection with the axis (13) produced, for example, using two self-lubricating bearings (2) and is articulated on the antenna support (19) by means of the two hinge pins (30).
• the elevation adjustment system consists of a toothed wheel linked to (13) and meshing on an endless screw (26) linked to the azimuth tracking support (25) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (37), linked to the axis (13), and placed in the center of the toothed wheel.
• This locking device is completed by a screw for holding in position (34) preventing any vibration and reinforcing the resistance of this device to the wind resistance of the installation.
• the motor (18) is a stepping motor whose power must allow maneuvering in a wind of 110 km / H. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (32). So the system is irreversible, which makes it possible to differentiate the boundary conditions of the wind allowing maneuvering 110 km / h and resistance of the antenna under the influence of the wind 160 km / h.
• the motor support (14) has, with the antenna support (19), via the rod (16) linked to the latter, a ball joint and sliding pivot (15) ensuring the movement of the antenna.
• the parts (9, 1, 13) are always fixed.
• the parts (32, 25, 26) are adjusted in azimuth and are then fixed by the double device (26, 13) and the screw (34).
• the yoke (4) rotates around the fixed vertical axis (13).
• the elements (18, 14, 17) rotate around the axis of (25).
• the antenna support (19) has a combined movement of rotation relative to the yoke (4) and of rotation-translation relative to the engine support (14).
• the vertical offset of the axes of rotation of elevation (36) and of articulation of the antenna support (19) on the yoke (4) via the axes (30) conditions the ratio of homothety and the distance between the axis of the support (25) and the center of the ball joint (15) according to the principle defined in the previous paragraph.
• the cowling consists of two hemispheres (11) and (20).
• the cover (11) is linked to the orientation support axis (13) by a slightly hard fitting on the cylindrical part of the latter and locked by the screws (5). It has an internal diameter allowing the movement of the reducing motor support (18).
• the cover (20) centers and fits by clipping onto the cover (11) and is therefore easily removable and carries a slot allowing the passage of the boss of (19) carrying the axis (16).
• An inner cover (12) is centered and fitted onto the cover (11) to ensure the closing of the slot necessary for the movement of (19).
• a seal (3) ensures sealing between the yoke (4) and the support (1).
• the center of the covers is located at the intersection of axes (30) and (13).
• a fifth variant ( Figures 27 and 28) is characterized by negative homothety.
• a mast (32) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration.
• the support (27) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (31). This support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (29).
• the elevation support axis (23, 31) is then aligned vertically with respect to the ground. and axis josss with the s * "sport (27) a pivot link which can be made total using the pressure screw (28).
• This axis (2, 31) fixes carries, on the one hand the yoke (18) and, on the other hand, the support followed in azimuth (7) and its adjustment to the worm (11).
• the yoke (18) has a pivot link with the axis (23, 31) and is articulated on the antenna support (9) by means of the two articulation axes (16).
• the elevation adjustment system consists of a toothed wheel linked to (31) and meshing on a worm (11) linked to the azimuth tracking support (7) by a pivot link; these elements rotate around the axis (14), linked to the axis (23, 31), and placed in the center of The gear wheel is locked by a position holding screw (12).
• the azimuth tracking support (7) carries, by a pivot link, the reduction motor support (6) as well as a gear wheel (8 ) totally linked to (7) and in which the worm (11) is mounted free
• the motor (34) is a stepping motor. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (8).
• the engine support (6) has with the antenna support (9), via the rod (32) linked to this, a ball joint and sliding pivot (33) ensuring the movement of the antenna.
• the cowling consists of the elements (25, 26, 24).
• the cover (25) is fitted hard on the axis (23) and has the shape of a portion of a sphere.
• the cover (24) has a spherical base completed by a cylindrical upper part and is fixed on the antenna support (9) using the screws (17).
• the intermediate cover (25) of sphere portion shape slides both over the covers (24) and (25) during operation to ensure the sealing of the mechanism.
• a sixth variant ( Figures 29 and 30) is characterized by negative homothety.
• a mast (32) fixed in a garden, on a balcony, on a roof or along a vertical wall is adjusted approximately vertical by means of a level provided and described in another configuration.
• the support (27) proper is finely adjusted by means of three pressure screws (31). This support is then fixed to the mast using three fixing screws (29).
• the elevation support axis (23, 33) is then oriented well vertically with respect to the ground.
• This axis has a pivot connection with the support (27) which can be made total using the pressure screw (28).
• This fixed axis (23, 33) carries, on the one hand the yoke (18) and, on the other hand, the support followed in azimuth (7) and its adjustment by the worm (11).
• the yoke (18) has a pivot connection with the axis (23, 33) and is articulated on the antenna support (9) by means of the two articulation axes (16).
• the elevation adjustment system consists of a toothed wheel linked to (33) and meshing on a worm
• the (7) carries, by a pivot link, the reduction motor support (6) as well as a toothed wheel (8) totally linked to (7).
• the motor (37) is a stepping motor. It includes a gear reducer and an output worm gear meshing on the wheel (8).
• the motor support (6) has, with the antenna support (9), by means of the rod (34) linked to the latter, a ball joint and sliding pivot (35) ensuring the movement of the antenna.
• the cowling consists of the elements (1, 24, 26).
• the cover (26) is fitted hard onto the fixed axis (23) and has a semi-spherical shape.
• the cover (1) linked to the antenna support (9) has a semi-spherical shape supplemented by a prismatic shape.
• the half-spherical cover (24) is centered and fixed on the cover (1) using the screws (17) and has a large opening allowing the support (27) to move relative to the antenna support (9).
• the cover (26) seals this opening.
• a seventh variant ( Figures 31, 32, 33) is characterized by a modification of the different other projects, applicable to all so that the different solutions could be modified. This modification is applicable to all block diagrams ( Figures 6 and 9).
• the elevation adjustment system is reversed, that is to say that instead of having the toothed wheel linked to the lifting support axis and the worm screw linked by a pivot link to the tracking support in azimuth, it is this which has a pivot connection with the elevation support axis and the gear is linked to the azimuth tracking support.
• the azimuth tracking support has with the antenna support not a sliding ball joint with the rod linked to the antenna support, but a double pivot connection, one normal to the aforementioned rod and perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the motor support, the other sliding axis that of the rod linked to the antenna support. This allows a significant reduction in costs and a significant reduction in the tilting torques of the antenna under the effect of the wind at the connection of this antenna support in the yoke.
• the reduction gear is defined here as well as the mounting of the worm adjusting and monitoring in azimuth.
• An eighth variant ( Figure 9, 36 to 42) is identical to the project ( Figures 10 to 16) for its structure and general solution but differs in that the connection (B) and the dish support are different.
• the connection (B), parts (il, 13, 12), and calibrated axis is made as for the seventh variant ( Figures 31, 32, 33) for the whole but the calibrated axis comprises, for example, a longitudinal key forming with the accounting axis (12) a sliding link installing the plane of symmetry of this axis in the plane of symmetry of the monitoring system. So the plane of symmetry of this axis calibrated remains constantly parallel to the axis of rotation of the tracking system, that is to say perpendicular to the common plane of the geostationary orbit of the satellites and the equator.
• the calibrated axis comprises, with an intermediate part (20), a pivot connection, produced for example using two self-lubricating bearings, and is totally linked to the antenna support (7).
• the intermediate piece (20) has a pivot connection with the yoke (6) and has a sealing function for the opening with this yoke as in the project ( Figures 10 to 16).
• Figures 34 and 35 show an example of a two-speed gear reduction motor with output on a worm.
• the antenna mount has a stepped axis (3) which can be finely adjusted vertically by means of an actual mount support (4), a yoke (6) articulated on this axis (3) defines a fixed point.
• (A) by the intersection of its axes, an axis (D) of inclination of latitude (8) articulated horizontally at ( ⁇ point of the axis (3) and adjusted so as to be perpendicular to the plane of the equator , a tracking system (9) articulated around (D), carries an annular linear connection (B) with a satellite dish support (7) articulated with the yoke (6), a set of protective and security casings, so that the kinematics of the mechanism reproduces a positive or negative homothety of center (A) with the orbital cone defined by its vertex (A), its axis the vertical of the location and its director the geostationary orbit of satellites, the ratio (AM / BM) being the same as that radius of the earth-radius of the orbit
• the frame support proper (4) comprises a base receiving the screws for fixing to the post and for adjusting the verticality and a vertical bore receiving the shouldered axis (3)
• the shouldered axis comprises two vertical cylinders of the same axis, one housed in the bore of (4), the other serving as an articulation for the yoke (6), a horizontal bore receiving the axis of rotation of the latitude tilt axis (8) and a housing of the wheel-screw tilting device endless (14)
• the tilt axis (8) comprises a pivot receiving the tracking system (9) which carries the annular linear link (B) and receives the worm-wheel system (16) and its group reduction motor (18)
• the yoke (6) articulated vertically on the axis (3) has a horizontal connection in yoke with the dish support (7) which carries a perpendicular rod and competing with the yoke axis receiving the connection linear annular and a support plane of the adaptation parts specific to each parabola normal to this rod
• the annular linear link between the tracking system (9) and the dish support (7) in (B) can be adjustable in the following position (BM) by means of a fixed slide link to adapt to the actual geoid of the earth by varying the ratio of homothety and by tilting the shouldered axis (3) according to the latitude of the place.
• the tilt adjustment (8) is obtained using a worm-wheel system (14) immobilized by means of a pressure screw (15) and the displacement of the tracking system (9) by means a worm-wheel system (16) controlled by a reduction gear and a controlled rotation motor (18) allowing immobilization and mechanical resistance independent of the motive power ensuring security for gusty winds of 160 km / H and a sufficient reduction to ensure pointing accuracy (1) to 3 / 100th of a degree by simple rotation of the screws or of the motor according to a linear law between the rotation of the screws or of the motor and the rotation of the wheel and the elements which are linked.
• the first is the verticality adjustment of the shouldered axis (3) obtained using a spherical compass level (5) allowing to appreciate a deviation of l / 100th of a degree by three pressure screws between the post and the mount itself
• Pointing and focusing on a satellite the -nier by display of the complementary angle of latitude of the location of the axis of inclination to latitude (8) by means of a worm-wheel system immobilized with a pressure screw, the mechanism being set to zero in the factory, the axis (D) in the extension of the axis (3), the connection linear annular (B) in the plane of symmetry of the frame.
• the casing system consists of two elements of generally semi-spherical shape, linked together by clipping or screwing having for center either (A) and one of them is then linked to the yoke (6), either (M) and the main casing is then linked, either to the yoke (6), or to the axis ep ⁇ â (3) , another sliding casing being linked to the support “parabola (7).
• the parabola support (7) comprises with the fixing plate of the parabola, a pivot axis connection passing through point (A) of the mount in its plane of symmetry, this plate comprises with the monitoring system (9) a connection with three degrees of freedom: the first of translation along the axis of the pivot previous with the rod, the second of rotation between the rod and the frame of normal axis and concurrent with the previous and the third of rotation between the frame and the system of follow-up (9) of axis forming with the previous ones a rectangular trihedron .
• the mechanism may be entirely internal to the cowling or the yoke and its connections are external thereto.
• the parabola is fixed by means of adaptation parts according to the different models of parabolas, these parts have a single fixing by four fixing screws on an "offset" tilting support articulated along an axis parallel to the axis of the adjustable dish support-screed connection immobilizable in position on a plane of the parabola support normal to the plane defined by the axis of the rod receiving the annular linear connection (B).
• the adaptation parts specific to each parabola are finely adjusted relative to the parabola support plate (7) by means of adjustment screws or shims inserted around the fixing screws of these adaptations to compensate for the manufacturing defects of the parables.
• the elevation adjustment can be motorized to point any satellite position.
• the frame then loses its essential characteristic of be able to be pre-programmed in the factory, since the elevation angles on the orbit are then specific to the location.
• This new axis of rotation ⁇ 2 between (9) and (19) is motorized by means of a double worm-wheel reducer coupled to a stepping motor for example, with pulse counting so that the angles of rotation follow a linear law with the rotation of the motor.
• the positioning of the aiming on the orbital cycle is carried out in orthonormal axes by two perpendicular rotations so that the equation of this cycle to carry out the computer programming of this one is extremely simplified.
• the part (19) retains the same connection with the actual antenna support (7) as in the basic device.
• the installation of such an antenna is carried out permanently on a reserved vehicle type "jeep" for example or at least on a base fixed post on a vehicle.
• the upper part of the frame or frame itself can be folded inside the vehicle to "pass" more unnoticed or better circulate on the road or in the middle of crowded places or with heavy vegetation.
• the occupants can be in direct contact with the headquarters, receive plans, documents, operating modes, diagrams of nuclear power plants and key points, images of the objectives. , ..., in order to best fulfill their mission using satellite images emitted from a transmitting cell which itself receives live images from command centers or spy satellites or simply watch their favorite shows.
• This application can be particularly effective in the event of floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, large fires, nuclear accidents, as well as for military uses (Somalia, Yugoslavia, ...) or to take advantage of your holidays.

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• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
• Support Of Aerials (AREA)

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• 1993
  • 1993-01-11 FR FR9300212A patent/FR2700419B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-01-11 PL PL94309888A patent/PL173466B1/pl unknown
  • 1994-01-11 CA CA002153575A patent/CA2153575A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-01-11 DE DE69404825T patent/DE69404825T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-01-11 CN CN94190923A patent/CN1046379C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-01-11 ES ES94904219T patent/ES2108419T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-01-11 KR KR1019950702904A patent/KR960700535A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-01-11 BR BR9406553A patent/BR9406553A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-01-11 AU AU58363/94A patent/AU695657B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1994-01-11 JP JP6515762A patent/JPH08506224A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-01-11 WO PCT/FR1994/000030 patent/WO1994016469A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1994-01-11 EP EP94904219A patent/EP0678220B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-01-11 EP EP97100659A patent/EP0798805A3/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-01-11 AT AT94904219T patent/ATE156630T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1997
  • 1997-11-05 GR GR970402928T patent/GR3025285T3/el unknown

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