WO1994012736A1 - Electrode de mesure pour systemes de localisation de fuites - Google Patents

Electrode de mesure pour systemes de localisation de fuites Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994012736A1
WO1994012736A1 PCT/EP1993/003344 EP9303344W WO9412736A1 WO 1994012736 A1 WO1994012736 A1 WO 1994012736A1 EP 9303344 W EP9303344 W EP 9303344W WO 9412736 A1 WO9412736 A1 WO 9412736A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring electrode
heating conductor
measuring
electrode according
designed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1993/003344
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Rödel
Original Assignee
Progeo Geotechnologiegesellschaft Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4311947A external-priority patent/DE4311947A1/de
Application filed by Progeo Geotechnologiegesellschaft Mbh filed Critical Progeo Geotechnologiegesellschaft Mbh
Publication of WO1994012736A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994012736A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/14—Fastening means therefor
    • E04D5/141—Fastening means therefor characterised by the location of the fastening means
    • E04D5/142—Fastening means therefor characterised by the location of the fastening means along the edge of the flexible material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8269—Testing the joint by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • B29C65/8276—Testing the joint by the use of electric or magnetic means by the use of electric means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/004—Sealing liners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/12—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form specially modified, e.g. perforated, with granulated surface, with attached pads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/14—Fastening means therefor
    • E04D5/149—Fastening means therefor fastening by welding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
    • G01M3/165—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means by means of cables or similar elongated devices, e.g. tapes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring electrode for locating leaks in a flat sealing material, in particular a sealing film.
  • measuring electrodes The special requirements for such a film provided with measuring electrodes are that it is stretchable in order to be able to absorb settlements of the landfill support.
  • the measuring electrodes should also be able to participate in the expansion. Because of the chemically aggressive leachate contained in the landfill, the Above all, electrodes must be corrosion-resistant and, in addition, couple them to the soil or landfill surrounding the measuring electrodes with the lowest possible contact resistance.
  • the invention is therefore initially based on the object of providing a measuring electrode which is resistant to corrosion by aggressive media and has a low contact resistance to the medium surrounding it, in particular to the soil and landfill material surrounding it.
  • the measuring electrode consists of an electrically conductive bundle of non-metallic fibers, which at least partially consist of carbon.
  • the measuring electrode according to the invention is corrosion-resistant because of the conductive carbon used and has a low contact resistance to its surroundings because moisture is attracted from the environment due to the high capillary action caused by the fiber structure. In addition, it is slightly flexible and flexible, so that it can easily accommodate changes in shape of the sealing film due to settlement.
  • the shape of the measuring electrode can be adapted to the various requirements of its intended use. According to one embodiment, it is designed as a fabric with, in particular, diagonally running warp and weft threads. In this case it is particularly flexible but also stretchable. It can be designed as a hose or band. But training as a fleece or as a rope is also conceivable. In order to be able to monitor specific areas in a targeted manner, it can be encased in a liquid-tight manner except for the intended measuring range. Either the jacket is completely missing in the measuring area or the jacket is perforated in the measuring area.
  • the leak detection according to the above-mentioned known system is based on the fact that measuring electrodes are electrically connected to one another via moist soil and / or landfill material and the leak, the detection of a leak is delayed if the leak is very small and the leak from the next measuring electrodes is relatively far are removed.
  • This disadvantage can be eliminated by using a measuring electrode designed as a woven or non-woven material, arranged on one or both sides of the flat sealing material, if this measuring electrode is connected to sets of measuring lines which, as is known per se, are arranged on both sides of the sealing material and cross.
  • the electrode which is designed as a woven or non-woven fabric and extends over the entire surface of the sealing material, replaces the soil that would otherwise be moistened.
  • the leak can be located via the measuring lines.
  • the measuring principle is the same as in the prior art, namely that the leak can be located via the path-dependent different resistances of the fabric or fleece between the leak and the individual measuring lines.
  • the electrically conductive bundle of non-metallic fibers which partly consist of carbon, can also be used as a resistance heating conductor when welding Use thermoplastic materials if it is arranged on or in the surface to be welded. As with the measuring electrode, it applies here that such a resistance heating conductor can be used advantageously particularly in those cases in which there are aggressive media in its surroundings.
  • the fibers are preferably melted into the surface of the parts forming the sealing zone.
  • the resistance heating conductor can be formed from the thermoplastic, which is made conductive by the addition of conductive carbon black.
  • the resistance heating conductor is designed as a band and is arranged between two electrically conductive supply lines, in particular embedded or pressed on in the thermoplastic, and its edges are connected in an electrically conductive manner to the supply lines over the entire length.
  • the heating conductor can be heated either simultaneously over its entire length or in the form of a wandering welding zone. The latter is achieved in that the voltage is gradually increased at a certain ratio between the lead resistance and the heating conductor resistance. If the voltage is gradually increased, the fibers of the resistance heating conductor are first raised to the welding temperature in the initial area and then destroyed.
  • the wandering sweat zone has compared to the simultaneous Welding along the entire length of the welding zone has the advantage that the connected load of the supply lines can be kept low. Since a local pressure is advantageous for the welding, the location of the pressurization can also move with the migration of the welding zone. It is understood that this idea of the invention is not linked to carbon fibers. Of course, it is also possible with the first alternative to destroy the fibers by overcurrent at the end of the welding.
  • the two feed lines which preferably consist of bundles of at least partially made of carbon fibers, are no longer conductively connected to one another, so that moisture bridges the feed lines in the event of a leak in the weld seam. This bridging can then be interpreted as a sign of a defective weld.
  • FIG. 1 shows a measuring electrode in the form of a fabric tape in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 3 overlapping with each other by a resistance heating conductor welded sealing films in three different versions in cross section.
  • a fabric tape 1 with diagonally running warp and weft threads la, lb forms an electrically conductive bundle of non-metallic fibers, which are at least partially made of carbon.
  • This bundle 1 is encased in plastic 2.
  • measuring electrode because of the use of fibers it has a large capillary action and therefore a low contact resistance to the material surrounding it, in particular the soil or the landfill. This low contact resistance is retained over the long term because the fiber material used is corrosion-resistant.
  • the measuring electrode is highly flexible and stretchable due to the diagonal course of warp and weft threads. It can therefore undergo settlement-related changes in the shape of the sealing film, on which it is regularly fixed, without damage.
  • the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2 shows a sealing film 4 with a leak 5 - a fabric 6, 7 or fleece is applied to both sides of the sealing film 4, which also covers the leak 5.
  • Crossing sets of measuring lines 8, 9 are arranged on the fabric 6.
  • the fabric 6.7 consists at least partially of carbon fibers.
  • the measuring lines 8-10 can be bundles of carbon fibers.
  • the use of tissue 6.7 at least on the side opposite the material to be sealed compared to a system without tissue 6.7 has the advantage that a leak is recognized very early on. Assuming that the liquid to be sealed is on the upper side of the sealing film in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2, it is sufficient if the liquid reaches the tissue 7 through the leak 5, because the conductive tissue 7 then makes contact with the measuring line 10. In the known system, the surrounding soil first had to be moistened in order to establish the electrical connection to the measuring line 10.
  • FIGS. 3-5 relate to the connection of parts made of thermoplastic plastic.
  • overlapping foils 11-16 are welded together at the edges.
  • welding of other thermoplastic parts is also conceivable.
  • the resistance heating conductor can be formed from a thin layer of the thermoplastic, which is made conductive by adding conductive carbon black. By heating the resistance heating conductor 17, the thermoplastic material is plasticized and welded together under pressure.
  • Figure -4 differs from that of Figure 3 in that two electrical Resistance heating conductors 18 are embedded parallel to one another in the sealing foil 13 at a distance from one another.
  • the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 5 is a combination of the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • a resistance heating conductor 20 in the form of a strip is located between two electrical conductors 19 arranged at a distance from one another and parallel to one another.
  • the resistance heating conductor 20 can be made of fibers, in particular carbon fibers, or of thermoplastic material that is made conductive by conductive carbon black. By supplying electrical current via the leads 19, the resistance heating conductor 20 is heated and the surrounding thermoplastic material is thus plasticized for welding. This can take place simultaneously over the entire length of the weld seam, but also progressively.
  • the resistance ratios of supply lines 19 and resistance heating conductors 20 are to be coordinated with one another in such a way that when the voltage of the resistance heating conductors 20 is gradually increased, not only is it progressively heated, but it is destroyed. What remains then are the electrically insulated supply lines 19, which can be used as moisture detectors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

Une électrode de mesure permet de localiser des fuites dans un matériau plat d'étanchéité, notamment une pellicule d'étanchéité. Afin de protéger de telles électrodes de mesure contre la corrosion par des milieux agressifs éventuellement contenus dans les matières à rendre étanches, et afin de réduire la perte de tension au passage entre les matières à rendre étanches et l'électrode, l'électrode de mesure est constituée d'un faisceau électroconducteur de fibres non métalliques au moins en partie en carbone. Deux de ces électrodes de mesure mutuellement espacées permettent d'alimenter en courant électrique un conducteur chauffant situé entre les électrodes de mesure et constitué d'un faisceau de telles fibres métalliques ou d'un matériau thermoplastique rendu électroconducteur par adjonction de suie conductrice. Ce conducteur chauffant sert à souder deux pellicules en matériau thermoplastique.
PCT/EP1993/003344 1992-11-30 1993-11-29 Electrode de mesure pour systemes de localisation de fuites WO1994012736A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4240120 1992-11-30
DEP4240120.8 1992-11-30
DEP4311947.6 1993-04-10
DE4311947A DE4311947A1 (de) 1992-11-30 1993-04-10 Meßelektrode für Leckortungssysteme

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994012736A1 true WO1994012736A1 (fr) 1994-06-09

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1993/003344 WO1994012736A1 (fr) 1992-11-30 1993-11-29 Electrode de mesure pour systemes de localisation de fuites

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1994012736A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2327969A (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-10 Ykk Europ Ltd Geo textile material
US6488934B1 (en) 1995-02-25 2002-12-03 Smithkline Beecham Biologicals S.A. Hepatitis B vaccine
ITTV20100151A1 (it) * 2010-11-26 2012-05-27 Silcart S R L Dispositivo per la verifica ed il controllo delle caratteristiche prestazionali di un tetto.
GB2534597A (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-03 Kingspan Holdings (Irl) Ltd A building panel element
US10429268B2 (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-10-01 Kang GAO Leakage monitoring system for geomembranes

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54133196A (en) * 1978-04-05 1979-10-16 Hitachi Ltd Leakage sensor
WO1989000681A2 (fr) * 1987-07-21 1989-01-26 Aquaveyor Systems Ltd. Systeme d'alarme signalant la presence d'humidite
EP0307615A2 (fr) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-22 Willibald Luber Dispositif pour la détermination non destructive de dégâts dans la couverture de ponts, réservoirs et toits plats
EP0408938A2 (fr) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-23 Didier-Werke Ag Dispositif pour surveiller l'étanchéité de fluide d'une paroi de séparation
EP0418209A1 (fr) * 1989-06-21 1991-03-20 S.A. Uco N.V. Procédé de détection de fuites

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54133196A (en) * 1978-04-05 1979-10-16 Hitachi Ltd Leakage sensor
WO1989000681A2 (fr) * 1987-07-21 1989-01-26 Aquaveyor Systems Ltd. Systeme d'alarme signalant la presence d'humidite
EP0307615A2 (fr) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-22 Willibald Luber Dispositif pour la détermination non destructive de dégâts dans la couverture de ponts, réservoirs et toits plats
EP0418209A1 (fr) * 1989-06-21 1991-03-20 S.A. Uco N.V. Procédé de détection de fuites
EP0408938A2 (fr) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-23 Didier-Werke Ag Dispositif pour surveiller l'étanchéité de fluide d'une paroi de séparation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 3, no. 153 (E - 159) 15 December 1979 (1979-12-15) *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6488934B1 (en) 1995-02-25 2002-12-03 Smithkline Beecham Biologicals S.A. Hepatitis B vaccine
GB2327969A (en) * 1997-08-04 1999-02-10 Ykk Europ Ltd Geo textile material
ITTV20100151A1 (it) * 2010-11-26 2012-05-27 Silcart S R L Dispositivo per la verifica ed il controllo delle caratteristiche prestazionali di un tetto.
EP2458106A1 (fr) * 2010-11-26 2012-05-30 Silcart S.p.A. Dispositif de vérification et de contrôle des caractéristiques de performance d'un toit
GB2534597A (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-03 Kingspan Holdings (Irl) Ltd A building panel element
US10429268B2 (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-10-01 Kang GAO Leakage monitoring system for geomembranes

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