WO1994005524A1 - Vitre antigivre et antibrouillard, et procede pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Vitre antigivre et antibrouillard, et procede pour sa fabrication Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1994005524A1
WO1994005524A1 PCT/US1992/007503 US9207503W WO9405524A1 WO 1994005524 A1 WO1994005524 A1 WO 1994005524A1 US 9207503 W US9207503 W US 9207503W WO 9405524 A1 WO9405524 A1 WO 9405524A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
semi
window
conductive
integrally
conductive ink
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1992/007503
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peyton W. Wofford
Ronald F. Steingrubey
Original Assignee
Ristance Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ristance Corporation filed Critical Ristance Corporation
Priority to PCT/US1992/007503 priority Critical patent/WO1994005524A1/fr
Publication of WO1994005524A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994005524A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/037—Heaters with zones of different power density

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to windows of automobiles which when obscured by frost or fog can be heated sufficiently to defrost and defog the surfaces and restore and maintain the transparency thereof, and to a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, the present invention cures the deficiencies of, and otherwise improves upon, prior art systems for defrosting and defogging the flexible windows or backlights encountered in convertible automobiles.
  • the bus bars which comprise thin copper strips are disposed on the inner surface of one of the lamina so as to form the anode and cathode for the heating system. Conductive inks are then silk screened between the bus bars so as to form the actual heating element. To ensure proper electrical connection between the silk screened heating elements and the bus bars, short copper strips are apparently applied between the extremities of the silk screened ink pattern and the bus bars and the conductive members are crimped, all prior to the lamination of the panel.
  • the window comprises a first transparent, flexible, bondable, non- conductive plastic sheet corresponding substantially to the dimensions of the window outline and having electrical insulating properties; a second transparent, flexible, bondable, non-conductive plastic sheet disposed adjacent and in registry with the first plastic sheet, also corresponding substantially to the dimensions of the window and having electrical-insulating properties; and a limited area, integrally formed, semi-conductive ink pattern disposed between said first and second bondable plastic sheets for heating the same.
  • the inner adjacent surfaces of the first and second plastic sheets are bonded together and to the intervening integrally- formed, semi-conductive ink pattern.
  • the semi-conductive heat pattern is designed to provide a substantially uniform heat distribution over the window surfaces without hot spot formation when the pattern is electrically energized.
  • the assembly employs an integrally-formed continuous semi-conductive ink pattern between the terminals of a controlled external source of electrical energy, e.g., the car battery, associated cables, wires or equivalent electrical conductors and usual intervening controls, switches and connectors.
  • a controlled external source of electrical energy e.g., the car battery, associated cables, wires or equivalent electrical conductors and usual intervening controls, switches and connectors.
  • the ink pattern comprises a plurality of elongated, relatively-narrow, spaced, semi-conductive ink stripes between, and integrally formed with, respective semi-conductive end-connecting traces of enlarged cross- sectional area laterally-disposed adjacent the outer extremities of the window.
  • the composition, size, location, spacing and heating capacities of the stripes and respective end-connecting lateral traces are selected to achieve the desired defrosting-defogging capability of the window.
  • the prior art assembly in contrast to the continuous, integrally- formed, semi-conductive ink pattern of the present invention, the prior art assembly, as already indicated, embeds a multiple component discontinuous-heating structure, including the semi-conductive ink stripes and the copper strips or bus bars functioning as an anode and cathode, which are connected to an external power source. Any partial or total disruption in the electrical continuity at the junctures of the ink stripes and bus bars can lead to hot spot formation or heating failure.
  • the semi-conductive ink pattern of the present invention does away with the bus bars and integrally forms the entire structure, all of which performs a heating function when energized.
  • the manufacturing process is substantially simplified, fewer parts are involved, costs are lowered, the potential for failure, including hot- spot formation, lessened and a longer useable life made potentially possible.
  • the entire visible embedded structure of the present invention is integrally formed from the same material, it is aesthetically less disruptive than the combination of heating elements and bus bars of the prior art.
  • substantially the entire embedded structure of the present invention functions as an integrally-formed heating element, less window area need be blocked as compared with the prior art structure employing bus bars having no significant heating function.
  • the optimum heat distribution over the window may not necessarily be a uniform distribution. More or less heat may be required in some areas than in others depending upon differences in anticipated frost or fog accumulations. Thus, for example, when the vehicle is parked, ice and snow tend to accumulate at the lower portion of the rear window where the substantially vertical window-area and substantially horizontal tail or trunk area intersect. This situation may dictate a higher heat distribution at the lower portion of the window area. Other factors may also influence the optimum heat distribution including, for example, rising convection air currents in contact with the window on the inside or outside, a desire for initial clarity at the mid-portion area of the window, and the like.
  • the window and method of manufacture of the present invention lend themselves to providing the design flexibility to meet the perceived needs at minimal cost, as will be apparent hereinafter.
  • the width of the respective end-connecting lateral traces of the window of the present invention will normally be a substantial multiple, e.g., 5-50 times, preferably 8 to 30 times the width of each of the plurality of individual, spaced ink stripes therebetween, whereby to adjust the heat distribution pattern over the respective surfaces to be defrosted and defogged.
  • This is manifest from the fact that the composition of the entire conductive ink pattern is substantially uniform throughout, whereby the resistivity in ohms per square per mil is also substantially uniform.
  • the width of the ink stripes can also be varied from one another to achieve desired heat distribution, whether it be uniform or otherwise.
  • the width of individual ink stripes or end-connecting traces can also be varied from end-to-end or center-to-ends, or the like, to achieve desired heating characteristics or patterns. Additional design flexibility is also present by, for example, varying the spacing between adjacent ink stripes.
  • the thickness and composition of the ink pattern can be substantially constant.
  • the entire ink pattern including the variations above set forth, can be applied by silk screening techniques in a single pass as those skilled in that art will recognize. The resulting greatly-simplified manufacturing process reduces the cost and results in a superior product.
  • the thickness of the ink pattern can be adjusted uniformly or selectively, e.g., increasing the thickness of the end-connecting traces relative to the ink stripes, varying the thicknesses of the ink stripes from one area to another, or the like.
  • Such alternatives may involve multiple silk screening passes and thus additional manufacturing cost, typically less, however, than prior art alternatives.
  • the heat distribution over the window surface may be preselected by tailoring the manufacturing process to the size and configuration of the window and the defrosting- defogging load for which the system is being designed.
  • tailoring would take into consideration the number, length, location and spacing of the ink stripes, the size and pattern of both the ink stripes and end-connecting lateral ink traces, the composition and resulting resistivity thereof, the widths and thicknesses thereof, the point of connecting the electrical source to the lateral end-connecting ink traces, and the like, whereby to achieve the desired heating characteristics with the available electrical sources, typically the battery-based electrical system of the modern automobile.
  • Such parameters must be chosen with the overriding requirements in mind that the resulting window be acceptable from transparency, flexibility and aesthetic or appearance standpoints.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the defrostable-defoggable window of the present invention as employed as a backlight in a convertible automobile;
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the embodiment of the defrostable-defoggable window of FIG. 1, on an enlarged scale, a portion of the upper plastic sheet being broken away for illustrative purposes, the embodiment having the integrally-formed extensions at the lower extremities of the end-connecting traces for connection to the electrical system of the automobile;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are fragmentary views similar to FIG. 2 except that the extensions for connections to the electrical system are at diagonally-opposed and intermediate locations, respectively; and FIGS. 5-7 are electrical schematics roughly corresponding to the embodiments of FIGS. 2-4, respectively, illustrating the approximate heat distribution patterns corresponding thereto.
  • the drawings are not necessarily to scale and that certain aspects of the described embodiments are included to provide the environment for the invention or are illustrated by graphic symbols, schematic representations and fragmentary views.
  • the automobile itself, the electrical system thereof, and the overall size and shape of the heated window are not per se part of the invention. Accordingly, they are simply represented, including schematic representations and fragmentary views.
  • non-conductive and “semi-conductive” as used herein refer to electrical characteristics well known to those skilled in the art.
  • “defrost-defog” and counterpart adjectives thereof would also encompass “deice-de ist” and counterparts thereof, and the like. Accordingly, language should be liberally construed within the context of the invention. It should also be recognized that actual embodiments of the defrostable-defoggable window of the present invention may differ substantially, depending in part upon the particular convertible automobile for,which the window is designed. Such detail is considered well within the comprehension of those skilled in the art in the light of the present disclosure and without further amplification. It should be understood, of course, that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments illustrated..
  • convertible automobile 10 has a rear window or backlight 12 which is defrostable and defoggable in accordance with the practice of the present invention.
  • the electrical source for energizing the window is automotive battery 14 and the automotive electrical generator or alternator normally associated therewith (not shown) .
  • automotive batteries are 12-volt units, with slightly-higher voltages usually being available because of the generator/alternator, an average value of 13 volts being used herein for design calculations.
  • the electrical energy is supplied via schematically-presented leads 16 and 18 and on-off control switch 20 customarily located on the dash panel within convenient reach of the driver.
  • the defrostable-defoggable window 12 comprises a first transparent flexible bondable plastic sheet 30.
  • it corresponds substantially to the dimensions of the window outline except for (a) small additional marginal areas needed for attachment to the convertible roof portion of automobile 10, and (b) means for connecting the semi-conductive ink pattern 32 to battery 14 via leads 16 and 18, as hereinafter discussed.
  • Window-attachment means per se are not part of the present invention and are well known to those skilled in that field.
  • window 12 and the ink pattern 32 are illustrative only and depend upon the particular convertible automobile, the design requirements thereof and dictates of the manufacturer.
  • the present invention is not limited to any particular automobile window or ink pattern.
  • the limited-area, integrally-formed, semi- conductive ink pattern 32 is deposited on plastic sheet 30 by techniques known to those skilled in the art.
  • plastic sheet 30 For a source of the semi-conductive ink advantageously employed for pattern 32 and the silk screening of same on plastic sheet 30, applicants 1 assignee herein has relied upon Poly-Flex Circuits, Inc., 28 Kenney Drive, Cranston, Rhode Island 02920, with very successful results.
  • Integrally-formed, semi-conductive ink pattern 32 comprises a plurality of elongated, relatively-narrow, spaced semi-conductive ink stripes 34, which are between, and integrally-formed with, semi-conductive, end- connecting lateral ink traces 36 of enlarged cross- sectional area. As shown, integrally-formed lateral ink traces 36 are disposed adjacent the outer (left and right) extremities of ink stripes 34 and form part of the same heating circuit. As already indicated, the composition, size, location, spacing, pattern and heating capacity of the ink stripes 34 and end-connecting ink traces 36 are selected to achieve the desired defrosting- defogging capability of the window, as further set forth hereinafter.
  • both the first plastic sheet 30 and ink pattern 32 have lower semi- conductive ink extensions 38L and 40L, respectively, on the lower left side of FIG. 2, and 38R and 40R, respectively, on the lower right side of FIG. 2.
  • the areas of ink extensions 40L and 4OR are broadened as compared with ink traces 36, e.g., about 2 to 3 times the width, so as to decrease the electrical resistance thereof and correspondingly reduce the heating capacity thereof. This reflects the fact that the extensions are not exposed and normally would need no defrosting and defogging capability. The larger area also assures good electrical contact with the source.
  • the extensions are preferably integrally-formed with pattern 32 and are formed as part thereof during the same silk screening step, again simplifying manufacture.
  • a second transparent, flexible bondable plastic sheet 42 substantially identical to first plastic sheet 30, overlies and is laminated to first plastic sheet 30 and the semi-conductive ink pattern 32 thereon.
  • first and second plastic sheets 30 and 42 are bonded to each other and to the intervening ink pattern 32 whereby a substantially-integral composite sheet is formed with ink pattern 32 being bonded internally to both first and second plastic sheets 30 and 42.
  • FIG. 2 the lower left and right extensions of overlying second plastic sheet 42 are not as long as extensions 38L and 40L or 38R and 40R, respectively.
  • the extensions of second plastic sheet 42 may be 0.5" to 1.5" shorter, typically 1" shorter.
  • at least one surface of each of ink pattern extensions 40L and 4OR remains exposed to facilitate the electrical connection thereto, as those skilled in the art will recognize.
  • the shorter extension of second plastic sheet 42 is indicated at the left side of FIG. 2 by edge 42'.
  • the embodiments shown by the fragmentary views of FIGs. 3 and 4 are substantially the same as the embodiment of FIG. 2 except that the extensions for connecting the respective windows to the source of electrical energy have been relocated. In the case of FIG. 3, the right hand connection remains as in FIG.
  • both the left hand and the right hand extensions are at approximately the left hand and right hand mid-points of the end-connecting traces 36 of ink pattern 32, respectively.
  • first plastic sheet 30 and second plastic sheet 42 are 0.02" thick sheets of a suitable grade of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) .
  • sheets 30 and 42 are pressed together between two highly- polished steel plates at elevated temperature and pressure, e.g., at least 180° F and at least 200 psi for at least about two minutes, as previously described in the aforementioned U.S. Patent 4,883,940.
  • elevated temperature and pressure e.g., at least 180° F and at least 200 psi for at least about two minutes, as previously described in the aforementioned U.S. Patent 4,883,940.
  • the two PVC sheets 30 and 42 which prior to processing are opaque, become fused to semi-conductive ink pattern 32 and to each other and become clear.
  • applicants' assignee herein has relied upon Regalite Plastics Corporation, 300 Needham Street, Newton Falls, Massachusetts 02164, and Ellay Incorporated, 6900 Elm Street, City of Commerce, California 90040, with successful results.
  • the semi-conductive ink employed for the silk screening step may be that available from the aforementioned Poly-Flex Circuits, Inc., and identified as its PF002 silver conductive ink, and equivalents. It is a highly flexible ink comprising a silver-filled composition in a polymer blend of vinyl and urethane.
  • the resulting ink pattern typically has a resistivity of about 0.0075 ohms/square/mil, although, manifestly, other resistivities may be employed commensurate with the desired heating results.
  • FIG. 5 represents an electrical schematic roughly corresponding to the defrostable-defoggable window 12 of FIG. 2, the same reference numerals 32, 34 and 36 being used for the electrical counterparts of the semi-conductive ink pattern, ink stripes and ink traces, respectively.
  • the length of each of the ink stripes 34 is assumed to be the same and the heating capacity of the semi-conductive extensions.
  • the following variables were chosen, the values being approximate: Voltage 13 Volts
  • Thickness of Ink Pattern 1 mil Resistance per Stripe (Avg.) 18 Ohms Number of Stripes 15 Length of Stripes (Avg.) 900 mm Width of Stripes 0.5 mm Length of End Traces 300 mm Width of End Traces 11.1 mm Resistance of End Traces 0.27 Ohm Resistivity of Ink 0.01 Ohms per square per mil
  • the approximate total heat output of about 121 watts for the window embodiment of FIG. 5 is representative of typical treating requirements, which may range from about 50 watts to about 170 watts, but are not limited thereto.
  • the present invention lends itself to meeting such other requirements by adjustment of the various variables, as those skilled in the art will readily recognize.
  • the heat distribution from the window embodiment of FIG. 2 is concentrated at the lower portion of the window, e.g., about 8.82 watts at the lowest stripe and about 1.56 watts at each of the two lowest segments of the ink traces. This contrasts with about 5.85 watts at the highest stripe and about 0.006 watts at each of the highest trace portions. It should be recognized that because of certain simplifying assumptions for ease of calculation, calculated heat values are approximate but do reflect the correct heat distribution pattern.
  • the total heat output is about the same, i.e., about 121 watts, but the heat distribution is substantially changed. It is highest in the outermost stripes 34 and lowest in the center stripes, albeit not substantially. In the lateral traces 36, the heat distribution is the reversal of each other, as shown.
  • the total heat output is about 132 watts, and the heat distribution is again altered. More of it is concentrated in the stripes and, unlike the embodiment of FIG. 6, the center stripe has the highest output and the outer (upmost and lowermost) stripes the lowest. In the lateral ink traces 36, like the ink stripes, the heat distribution is highest at the center.
  • FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 can be shifted by altering the various other variables already discussed, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. This versatility is achievable within the context of a simplified manufacturing process or method using silk screening techniques.
  • the defrostable-defoggable vehicle window of the present invention overcomes shortcomings of the prior art and otherwise achieves the various objects of the present invention as previously set forth.

Landscapes

  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une vitre arrière (12) antigivre et antibrouillard d'une automobile décapotable (10) qui a moins de composants ou éléments et qui est plus simple à fabriquer, avec des coûts diminués. Deux plaques de plastique non conducteur, transparent, flexible et se prêtant au collage (30, 42) correspondant au profil de la fenêtre sont collées ensemble en prenant en sandwich une zone définie portant un motif continu en encre semi-conductrice (32) pour chauffer électriquement la vitre (12). Le motif en encre semi-conductrice (32) est formé d'une seule pièce, il est continu et il est exempt d'anode et de cathode, ou d'autres éléments non chauffants dans la région de vision. On peut aisément atteindre une capacité de chauffage et une distribution du chauffage sur la vitre (12) choisies en sélectionnant d'une manière appropriée les caractéristiques du motif (32) en encre semi-conductrice, qui peut, d'une manière avantageuse, être appliqué par des techniques de sérigraphie.
PCT/US1992/007503 1992-09-03 1992-09-03 Vitre antigivre et antibrouillard, et procede pour sa fabrication WO1994005524A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1992/007503 WO1994005524A1 (fr) 1992-09-03 1992-09-03 Vitre antigivre et antibrouillard, et procede pour sa fabrication

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1992/007503 WO1994005524A1 (fr) 1992-09-03 1992-09-03 Vitre antigivre et antibrouillard, et procede pour sa fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994005524A1 true WO1994005524A1 (fr) 1994-03-17

Family

ID=22231353

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1992/007503 WO1994005524A1 (fr) 1992-09-03 1992-09-03 Vitre antigivre et antibrouillard, et procede pour sa fabrication

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1994005524A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996013137A1 (fr) * 1994-10-24 1996-05-02 Decoma International, Inc. Vitre de vehicule et procede de fabrication de ladite vitre
WO2004032569A3 (fr) * 2002-10-03 2004-06-24 Ppg Ind Ohio Inc Article chauffable avec element chauffant configure
US7129444B2 (en) 2004-05-17 2006-10-31 Exatec Llc High performance defrosters for transparent panels
US8653419B2 (en) 2004-05-17 2014-02-18 Exatec Llc Window defroster assembly having transparent conductive layer
JP2016141320A (ja) * 2015-02-04 2016-08-08 日本板硝子株式会社 車両用の窓ガラス
EP4207941A4 (fr) * 2020-08-31 2024-03-27 Asahi Chemical Ind Dispositif de chauffage transparent et son procédé de conception

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3794809A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-02-26 Ford Motor Co Vehicle windshield
US4849255A (en) * 1987-07-14 1989-07-18 Grise Frederick Gerard J Electric resistance heater
US4883940A (en) * 1988-07-07 1989-11-28 Asc Incorporated Heatable composite backlight panel
US4952783A (en) * 1989-03-20 1990-08-28 W. H. Brady Co. Light transmitting flexible film electrical heater panels

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3794809A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-02-26 Ford Motor Co Vehicle windshield
US4849255A (en) * 1987-07-14 1989-07-18 Grise Frederick Gerard J Electric resistance heater
US4883940A (en) * 1988-07-07 1989-11-28 Asc Incorporated Heatable composite backlight panel
US4952783A (en) * 1989-03-20 1990-08-28 W. H. Brady Co. Light transmitting flexible film electrical heater panels

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996013137A1 (fr) * 1994-10-24 1996-05-02 Decoma International, Inc. Vitre de vehicule et procede de fabrication de ladite vitre
US5830397A (en) * 1994-10-24 1998-11-03 Decoma International Inc. Method of making a vehicle window
WO2004032569A3 (fr) * 2002-10-03 2004-06-24 Ppg Ind Ohio Inc Article chauffable avec element chauffant configure
US7132625B2 (en) 2002-10-03 2006-11-07 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Heatable article having a configured heating member
US7129444B2 (en) 2004-05-17 2006-10-31 Exatec Llc High performance defrosters for transparent panels
US7297902B2 (en) 2004-05-17 2007-11-20 Exatec, Llc High performance defrosters for transparent panels
US8653419B2 (en) 2004-05-17 2014-02-18 Exatec Llc Window defroster assembly having transparent conductive layer
JP2016141320A (ja) * 2015-02-04 2016-08-08 日本板硝子株式会社 車両用の窓ガラス
WO2016125403A1 (fr) * 2015-02-04 2016-08-11 日本板硝子株式会社 Verre à vitre pour véhicule
EP4207941A4 (fr) * 2020-08-31 2024-03-27 Asahi Chemical Ind Dispositif de chauffage transparent et son procédé de conception

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4543466A (en) Bus bar arrangement for uniformly heating a trapezoidally-shaped electrically heated windshield
JP3113663B2 (ja) 電気的に加熱し得る車輌窓
US5434384A (en) Coated windshield with special heating circuit for wiper arm storage area
CN101406102B (zh) 有加热层压系统的透明窗玻璃
EP0849977B1 (fr) Dispositif de chauffage pour la zone de repos d'un essuie-glaces de pare-brise de voiture
EP1967042B1 (fr) Connexion electrique a des circuits imprimes sur des panneaux en plastique
EP1550354B1 (fr) Article chauffable avec element chauffant configure
CA1320527C (fr) Barre omnibus pour transparent chauffe
KR101282871B1 (ko) 저항성의 가열 코팅을 구비한 투명한 창유리
US4894513A (en) Heatable windshield temperature control
AU2008220664B2 (en) Transparent glass with heating coating
JP6448809B2 (ja) 加熱可能な合せサイド板ガラス
KR20130096276A (ko) 가열가능 코팅을 갖는 투명 창유리
JP6463842B2 (ja) 電気的な加熱層を備えた透明なパネルならびにその製造方法
EP3400753B1 (fr) Vitrage chauffable
US6995339B2 (en) Heatable wiper rest area for a transparency
US5128513A (en) Bus bar arrangement for an electrically heated vision unit
US4940884A (en) Dual bus bar arrangement for an electrically heatable transparency
WO1994005524A1 (fr) Vitre antigivre et antibrouillard, et procede pour sa fabrication
CN105376883A (zh) 带有通讯窗无膜层区域可均匀电加热的汽车夹层玻璃
CN105376884B (zh) 带有分流母线的电加热汽车夹层玻璃
CN105357784B (zh) 雨刷静止位置均匀电加热的汽车夹层玻璃
EP3718375B1 (fr) Feuille à impression conductrice, vitrage la comprenant, véhicule ayant le vitrage, procédé de fabrication de la feuille et procédé de fabrication du vitrage
GB2372927A (en) Heated vehicle window
CN219831585U (zh) 一种玻璃总成及车辆

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CA JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA