WO1994003102A1 - Moniteur optique (oxymetre, etc.) a suppression d'artefact du au mouvement - Google Patents

Moniteur optique (oxymetre, etc.) a suppression d'artefact du au mouvement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994003102A1
WO1994003102A1 PCT/GB1993/001630 GB9301630W WO9403102A1 WO 1994003102 A1 WO1994003102 A1 WO 1994003102A1 GB 9301630 W GB9301630 W GB 9301630W WO 9403102 A1 WO9403102 A1 WO 9403102A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
photodetector
wavelengths
signals
different
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1993/001630
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English (en)
Inventor
Dawood Parker
Original Assignee
University College Of Swansea
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University College Of Swansea filed Critical University College Of Swansea
Priority to AU47198/93A priority Critical patent/AU4719893A/en
Publication of WO1994003102A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994003102A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
    • A61B5/02416—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/7203—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal
    • A61B5/7207—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts
    • A61B5/7214—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes for noise prevention, reduction or removal of noise induced by motion artifacts using signal cancellation, e.g. based on input of two identical physiological sensors spaced apart, or based on two signals derived from the same sensor, for different optical wavelengths

Definitions

  • OPTICAL MONITOR OXIMETER, ETC.
  • This invention relates to an optical monitoring or measuring device with motion artefact suppression.
  • Motion artefact is a significant problem in pulse oximeters, and can render these devices inoperative for up to
  • an optical measuring or monitoring device which comprises light source means for emitting one or more light beams which includes light of a plurality of different wavelengths, photodetector means for receiving said light beam or beams after passing through or being reflected within living tissue and arranged to provide signals corresponding to the intensities of the respective wavelengths received by the photodetector means, the arrangement being such that the quiescent (or "DC") signal levels corresponding to the different wavelengths bear a predetermined relationship with each other, and signal processing means for processing the output signals from the photodetector means to cancel out variations due to motion artefact and to provide an output representing a parameter to be measured or monitored and substantially unaffected by motion artefact.
  • light source means for emitting one or more light beams which includes light of a plurality of different wavelengths
  • photodetector means for receiving said light beam or beams after passing through or being reflected within living tissue and arranged to provide signals corresponding to the intensities of the respective wavelengths received by the photodetector means, the arrangement being such that the qui
  • a pulse oximetry device For example, in a pulse oximetry device, light of two or more wavelengths is passed through or reflected within living tissue. At each wavelength, there is a fixed “DC” intensity of light received by the photodetector, with a pulsatile “AC” component (caused by arterial pulsation) superimposed thereon.
  • a pulse oximeter uses two wavelengths and the signal processing unit processes the signals from the photodetector, corresponding to these two wavelengths, to provide a measure of pulse rate or blood oxygen saturation.
  • the signal processing unit processes the three signals from the photodetector firstly to cancel out the motion artefact and then to determine the pulse rate and/or blood oxygen saturation.
  • a device In general, where a device normally uses n different wavelengths of light and processes the n corresponding output signals from the photodetector to determine the value of the parameter being measured or monitored, in accordance with this invention the device will use an additional wavelength (n + 1) wavelengths altogether, so that the motion artefact can be cancelled out.
  • n + 1) wavelengths Preferably high accuracy readings are made by the controller of each of the three sources via a single sensor and a single hardware conversion block. From these readings, three difference signals are produced. Because these (AC) difference signals have reduced motion artefact signal and directly reflect the different absorption levels in the tissue, they can be used in combination as indicators of the oxygen saturation level.
  • Preferably additional real time digital filtering of the signals is used to reduce 50/60Hz components and to correlate input signals to improve noise rejection.
  • the input channels may be continuously monitored by the processor to ensure that the effects of component aging or temperature drifting are eliminated.
  • Preferably most of the signal processing is performed in software so the costs of the unit is low and there is no requirement for very accurate hardware matching.
  • the device comprises three LED's 1,2,3 emitting different wavelengths of light for transmission through or reflection from within living tissue, indicated schematically at T.
  • the device further comprises photodetectors 11,12,13 for receiving each of the transmitted or reflected light beams.
  • the device includes a control means 20, arranged to adjust the power applied to the LED's, to give a "DC" signal level, in the outputs from the photodetectors 11,12,13, which is equal for all three wavelengths: this can be achieved very accurately. Then:
  • the OAC's are the observed AC signals from the photodetector, the AC'S are the true AC signals, and MA is the motion artefact.
  • the device further includes a signal processor 30, in which:
  • OAC ⁇ l is subtracted from OAC ⁇ 2, giving AC ⁇ l - AC ⁇ 2;
  • OAC ⁇ 2 is subtracted from OAC ⁇ 3, giving AC ⁇ 2 - AC ⁇ 3
  • the signal processing unit then extracts the original AC components in accordance with the following:
  • Equation 8 Rearranging Equation 8 to quadratic form :
  • Equation 9 a
  • Equation 9 b
  • %Sa02 F. AC ⁇ 2 + K4. AC ⁇ 3
  • the motion artefact signals differ from each other by 5 to 20% implying a degree of rejection of between 20 and 5 times. How close this figure is to 0% depends on the severity of the physical disturbance causing the artefact, and probably on the sensor design.
  • the light source at all wavelengths are point sourced, that is they originate as far as their path through the medium is concerned at a single point.
  • the configuration of the light sources is constrained by the physical dimensions of the sources, i.e. they are as close as is physically possible.
  • a light guide method may be used to make all light sources originate from a single point.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif optique, utilisé notamment dans le contrôle de la fréquence du pouls et/ou de la saturation d'oxygène dans le sang, comprend une source lumineuse (1, 2, 3) émettant de la lumière à trois longueurs d'ondes différentes, et un photodétecteur (11, 12, 13) recevant de la lumière après la transmission à travers le tissu vivant (T) ou la réflexion dans celui-ci afin d'obtenir des signaux correspondant aux intensités des longueurs d'ondes respectives reçues par le photodétecteur. L'agencement est tel que les niveaux au repos (ou 'CC') des trois signaux de sortie sont sensiblement égaux. Un processeur de signaux forme deux signaux représentant les différences entre deux paires différentes des trois sorties du photodétecteur afin d'éliminer les variations (artefact dû au mouvement) dues au mouvement du sujet. Les deux signaux représentant les différences sont ensuite traités afin d'extraire les composantes de courant alternatif dans les sorties des photodétecteurs, et à partir desquelles on peut déterminer la fréquence du pouls et la saturation d'oxygène dans le sang.
PCT/GB1993/001630 1992-08-01 1993-08-02 Moniteur optique (oxymetre, etc.) a suppression d'artefact du au mouvement WO1994003102A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47198/93A AU4719893A (en) 1992-08-01 1993-08-02 Optical monitor (oximeter, etc.) with motion artefact suppression

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9216431.8 1992-08-01
GB929216431A GB9216431D0 (en) 1992-08-01 1992-08-01 Optical monitoring or measuring artefact suppression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994003102A1 true WO1994003102A1 (fr) 1994-02-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1993/001630 WO1994003102A1 (fr) 1992-08-01 1993-08-02 Moniteur optique (oxymetre, etc.) a suppression d'artefact du au mouvement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4719893A (fr)
GB (1) GB9216431D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994003102A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA935579B (fr)

Cited By (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5517988A (en) * 1993-12-11 1996-05-21 Hewlett-Packard Company Method for detecting an irregular state in a non-invasive pulse oximeter system
EP0733340A1 (fr) * 1995-03-23 1996-09-25 Seiko Instruments Inc. Indicateur de la fréquence du pouls
GB2300045A (en) * 1995-04-11 1996-10-23 Yoav Paltieli Optical fibre endoscope
WO1997000041A1 (fr) * 1995-06-14 1997-01-03 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Procede permettant d'eliminer un artefact du au mouvement et le bruit dans une oxymetrie du pouls et appareil correspondant
DE19609410A1 (de) * 1996-03-04 1997-09-11 Biotronik Mess & Therapieg Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Blutsauerstoffsättigung
WO1997036538A1 (fr) * 1996-04-01 1997-10-09 Kontron Instruments Ag Detection de signaux parasites lors de mesures pulsoxymetriques
WO1998004903A1 (fr) * 1996-07-26 1998-02-05 Kontron Instruments Ag Procede de determination non invasive de la saturation en oxygene de tissus vascularises
DE19647877A1 (de) * 1996-11-19 1998-05-28 Metrax Gmbh Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Ermittlung der Sauerstoffsättigung im Blut
WO1999032030A1 (fr) 1997-12-22 1999-07-01 Btg International Limited Reduction des artefacts en photoplethysmographie
WO2000009004A2 (fr) 1998-08-13 2000-02-24 Whitland Research Limited Dispositif optique
US6104938A (en) * 1996-06-12 2000-08-15 Instrumentarium Oy Procedure, apparatus and detector for the determination of fractional oxygen saturation
EP1297784A1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2003-04-02 C.S.E.M. Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique Sa Procédé et dispositif de mesure du pouls
WO2003077756A1 (fr) * 2002-03-19 2003-09-25 Federalnoe Gosudarstvennoe Unitarnoe Predpriyatie Nauchno-Issledovatelskiy Institut 'polyus' Procede de determination de l'etat d'un tissu biologique (variantes) et systeme diagnostique pour mettre en oeuvre ce procede
US6658277B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2003-12-02 Imagyn Medical Technologies, Inc. Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement
US6801799B2 (en) 2000-10-05 2004-10-05 Cybro Medical, Ltd. Pulse oximeter and method of operation
WO2005087098A1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Elimination d'artefacts de mouvements d'oxymetrie des pulsations par absorption proche de l'infrarouge par l'eau
US6997879B1 (en) 2002-07-09 2006-02-14 Pacesetter, Inc. Methods and devices for reduction of motion-induced noise in optical vascular plethysmography
WO2006097437A1 (fr) 2005-03-14 2006-09-21 Spectrum Medical Llp Surveillance de substances predeterminees dans le sang
WO2008042147A2 (fr) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-10 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Réseau de diodes électroluminescentes symétrique pour l'oximétrie pulsée
US7684842B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2010-03-23 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for preventing sensor misuse
US7738935B1 (en) 2002-07-09 2010-06-15 Pacesetter, Inc. Methods and devices for reduction of motion-induced noise in pulse oximetry
US7774037B2 (en) 1998-07-04 2010-08-10 Whitland Research Limited Non-invasive measurement of blood analytes
US8219170B2 (en) 2006-09-20 2012-07-10 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for practicing spectrophotometry using light emitting nanostructure devices
US8265724B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-09-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Cancellation of light shunting
US8280469B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-10-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method for detection of aberrant tissue spectra
US8315685B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2012-11-20 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Flexible medical sensor enclosure
US8600469B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2013-12-03 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8708900B2 (en) 2007-12-26 2014-04-29 Covidien Lp LED drive circuit and method for using same
US8862194B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2014-10-14 Covidien Lp Method for improved oxygen saturation estimation in the presence of noise
US8930145B2 (en) 2010-07-28 2015-01-06 Covidien Lp Light focusing continuous wave photoacoustic spectroscopy and its applications to patient monitoring
US8965473B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2015-02-24 Covidien Lp Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
USD736250S1 (en) 2008-06-30 2015-08-11 Covidien Lp Portion of a display panel with an indicator icon
US9326731B2 (en) 2011-03-25 2016-05-03 Nitto Denko Corporation Method of measuring an artefact removed photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal and a measurement system
US9351674B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2016-05-31 Covidien Lp Method for enhancing pulse oximetry calculations in the presence of correlated artifacts
WO2016166290A1 (fr) * 2015-04-15 2016-10-20 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Capteur de granularité à laser optique permettant de mesurer un paramètre de perfusion sanguine
CN106248579A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-21 马东阁 一种oled血液检测设备
WO2017055307A1 (fr) * 2015-09-28 2017-04-06 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Capteur des signes vitaux et procédé de mesure des signes vitaux d'un utilisateur
US9833146B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2017-12-05 Covidien Lp Surgical system and method of use of the same
US9895068B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2018-02-20 Covidien Lp Pulse oximeter with wait-time indication
US10022058B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2018-07-17 Covidien Lp System and method for pulse rate calculation using a scheme for alternate weighting
US10076276B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2018-09-18 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for alerting practitioners to physiological conditions
US10426360B2 (en) 2013-05-15 2019-10-01 Pulseon Oy Portable pulse measuring device

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EP0102816A2 (fr) * 1982-09-02 1984-03-14 Nellcor Incorporated Mesure de pouls et de teneur en oxygène
WO1988001147A1 (fr) * 1986-08-18 1988-02-25 Physio-Control Corporation Procede et appareil de reglage a contre-reaction pour le traitement de signaux utilises pour mesurer l'oxygene
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Cited By (65)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5517988A (en) * 1993-12-11 1996-05-21 Hewlett-Packard Company Method for detecting an irregular state in a non-invasive pulse oximeter system
US5749366A (en) * 1995-03-23 1998-05-12 Seiko Instruments Inc. Motion compensating pulse rate monitor with motion sensor and level discriminator
EP0733340A1 (fr) * 1995-03-23 1996-09-25 Seiko Instruments Inc. Indicateur de la fréquence du pouls
EP1506735A3 (fr) * 1995-03-23 2005-05-04 Seiko Instruments Inc. Procédé de surveillance de la fréquence du pouls
GB2300045A (en) * 1995-04-11 1996-10-23 Yoav Paltieli Optical fibre endoscope
GB2300045B (en) * 1995-04-11 1999-06-09 Yoav Paltieli Optical-fiber type endoscope
US5645060A (en) * 1995-06-14 1997-07-08 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Method and apparatus for removing artifact and noise from pulse oximetry
WO1997000041A1 (fr) * 1995-06-14 1997-01-03 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Procede permettant d'eliminer un artefact du au mouvement et le bruit dans une oxymetrie du pouls et appareil correspondant
DE19609410A1 (de) * 1996-03-04 1997-09-11 Biotronik Mess & Therapieg Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Blutsauerstoffsättigung
DE19609410C2 (de) * 1996-03-04 2002-04-25 Biotronik Mess & Therapieg Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Blutsauerstoffsättigung
WO1997036538A1 (fr) * 1996-04-01 1997-10-09 Kontron Instruments Ag Detection de signaux parasites lors de mesures pulsoxymetriques
US6181959B1 (en) 1996-04-01 2001-01-30 Kontron Instruments Ag Detection of parasitic signals during pulsoxymetric measurement
US6104938A (en) * 1996-06-12 2000-08-15 Instrumentarium Oy Procedure, apparatus and detector for the determination of fractional oxygen saturation
WO1998004903A1 (fr) * 1996-07-26 1998-02-05 Kontron Instruments Ag Procede de determination non invasive de la saturation en oxygene de tissus vascularises
US6151107A (en) * 1996-07-26 2000-11-21 Linde Medical Sensors Ag Method of non-invasive determination of oxygen saturation in tissue in which blood is circulating
DE19647877A1 (de) * 1996-11-19 1998-05-28 Metrax Gmbh Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Ermittlung der Sauerstoffsättigung im Blut
DE19647877C2 (de) * 1996-11-19 2000-06-15 Univ Ilmenau Tech Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Ermittlung der Sauerstoffsättigung im Blut
WO1999032030A1 (fr) 1997-12-22 1999-07-01 Btg International Limited Reduction des artefacts en photoplethysmographie
US7774037B2 (en) 1998-07-04 2010-08-10 Whitland Research Limited Non-invasive measurement of blood analytes
US7236813B2 (en) 1998-08-13 2007-06-26 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Optical device
US7221970B2 (en) 1998-08-13 2007-05-22 Edwards Lifesciences Corporation Optical device
WO2000009004A2 (fr) 1998-08-13 2000-02-24 Whitland Research Limited Dispositif optique
WO2000009004A3 (fr) * 1998-08-13 2000-06-02 Whitland Res Ltd Dispositif optique
US6842635B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2005-01-11 Edwards Lifesciences Llc Optical device
EP1598003A3 (fr) * 1998-08-13 2006-03-01 Whitland Research Limited Dispositif optique
EP1598003A2 (fr) 1998-08-13 2005-11-23 Whitland Research Limited Dispositif optique
US6801799B2 (en) 2000-10-05 2004-10-05 Cybro Medical, Ltd. Pulse oximeter and method of operation
US6658277B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2003-12-02 Imagyn Medical Technologies, Inc. Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement
US7027850B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2006-04-11 Conmed Corporation Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement
US7060035B2 (en) 2001-09-13 2006-06-13 Conmed Corporation Signal processing method and device for signal-to-noise improvement
EP1297784A1 (fr) 2001-09-28 2003-04-02 C.S.E.M. Centre Suisse D'electronique Et De Microtechnique Sa Procédé et dispositif de mesure du pouls
WO2003077756A1 (fr) * 2002-03-19 2003-09-25 Federalnoe Gosudarstvennoe Unitarnoe Predpriyatie Nauchno-Issledovatelskiy Institut 'polyus' Procede de determination de l'etat d'un tissu biologique (variantes) et systeme diagnostique pour mettre en oeuvre ce procede
US7738935B1 (en) 2002-07-09 2010-06-15 Pacesetter, Inc. Methods and devices for reduction of motion-induced noise in pulse oximetry
US6997879B1 (en) 2002-07-09 2006-02-14 Pacesetter, Inc. Methods and devices for reduction of motion-induced noise in optical vascular plethysmography
US7277741B2 (en) 2004-03-09 2007-10-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Pulse oximetry motion artifact rejection using near infrared absorption by water
WO2005087098A1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Incorporated Elimination d'artefacts de mouvements d'oxymetrie des pulsations par absorption proche de l'infrarouge par l'eau
US9351674B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2016-05-31 Covidien Lp Method for enhancing pulse oximetry calculations in the presence of correlated artifacts
WO2006097437A1 (fr) 2005-03-14 2006-09-21 Spectrum Medical Llp Surveillance de substances predeterminees dans le sang
US8965473B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2015-02-24 Covidien Lp Medical sensor for reducing motion artifacts and technique for using the same
US8600469B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2013-12-03 Covidien Lp Medical sensor and technique for using the same
US8219170B2 (en) 2006-09-20 2012-07-10 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for practicing spectrophotometry using light emitting nanostructure devices
US8315685B2 (en) 2006-09-27 2012-11-20 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Flexible medical sensor enclosure
US10022058B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2018-07-17 Covidien Lp System and method for pulse rate calculation using a scheme for alternate weighting
US7684842B2 (en) 2006-09-29 2010-03-23 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc System and method for preventing sensor misuse
WO2008042147A3 (fr) * 2006-09-29 2008-05-22 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Réseau de diodes électroluminescentes symétrique pour l'oximétrie pulsée
WO2008042147A2 (fr) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-10 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Réseau de diodes électroluminescentes symétrique pour l'oximétrie pulsée
US8280469B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-10-02 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Method for detection of aberrant tissue spectra
US8265724B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2012-09-11 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc Cancellation of light shunting
US8708900B2 (en) 2007-12-26 2014-04-29 Covidien Lp LED drive circuit and method for using same
US10076276B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2018-09-18 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for alerting practitioners to physiological conditions
US11298076B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2022-04-12 Covidien Lp Methods and systems for alerting practitioners to physiological conditions
US9895068B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2018-02-20 Covidien Lp Pulse oximeter with wait-time indication
USD736250S1 (en) 2008-06-30 2015-08-11 Covidien Lp Portion of a display panel with an indicator icon
US8862194B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2014-10-14 Covidien Lp Method for improved oxygen saturation estimation in the presence of noise
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ZA935579B (en) 1994-02-02
AU4719893A (en) 1994-03-03

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