WO1994002987A1 - Generateur d'impulsions rotatif inductif - Google Patents

Generateur d'impulsions rotatif inductif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994002987A1
WO1994002987A1 PCT/EP1993/001816 EP9301816W WO9402987A1 WO 1994002987 A1 WO1994002987 A1 WO 1994002987A1 EP 9301816 W EP9301816 W EP 9301816W WO 9402987 A1 WO9402987 A1 WO 9402987A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
magnetic pole
rotation
axis
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1993/001816
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Erwin Gross
Original Assignee
Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter filed Critical Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter
Publication of WO1994002987A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994002987A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
    • H02N11/002—Generators
    • H02N11/004—Generators adapted for producing a desired non-sinusoidal waveform
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/4815—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals using a pulse wire sensor, e.g. Wiegand wire
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/487—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an inductive rotary pulse generator with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a rotary pulse generator is known from DE-Z "industrial electronics + electronics", 25th year 1980, No. 21, page 703.
  • two antiparallel oriented magnets are arranged on the circumference of the rotor parallel to the rotor axis.
  • a bistable element in the form of a Wiegand wire which carries an electrical winding, is arranged in the stator in the form of a Wiegand wire. When the rotor rotates, the magnets move past the Wiegand wire and magnetize it, as a result of which pulses are induced in the electrical winding.
  • Wiegand wires are homogeneous in their composition, ferromagnetic wires (for example made of an alloy of iron and nickel, preferably 48% iron and 52% nickel, or of an alloy of iron and cobalt, or of an alloy of iron with cobalt and nickel , or from an alloy of cobalt with iron and vanadium, preferably 52% cobalt, 38% iron and 10% vanadium), which have a soft magnetic core and a hard magnetic jacket due to a special mechanical and thermal treatment, ie the jacket has a higher
  • Wiegand wires typically have a length of 10 to 50 mm, preferably 20 to 30 mm. If a Wiegand wire, in which the direction of magnetization of the soft magnetic core coincides with the direction of magnetization of the hard magnetic sheath, is brought into an external magnetic field, the direction of which coincides with the direction of the wire axis, the direction of magnetization of the Wiegand wire but is opposite, the direction of magnetization of the soft core of the Wiegand wire is reversed when a field strength of approximately 16 A / cm is exceeded. This reversal is also known as a provision.
  • Wiegand- Impulse due to the folding of the magnetization direction of the soft magnetic core alternately with positive and negative polarity and one speaks of symmetrical excitation of the Wiegand wire.
  • the sheathing of the sheath is also sudden and also leads to an impulse in the sensor winding, but this is Pulse much smaller than the pulse induced when the core is folded over.
  • the high Wiegand pulses only occur with a constant polarity and one speaks of asymmetrical excitation of the Wiegand wire. This requires a field strength of at least 16 A / cm in one direction (for resetting the Wiegand wire) and a field strength of approx. 80 to 120 A / cm in the opposite direction.
  • bistable magnetic elements are also suitable for the invention if they have two magnetically coupled areas of different hardness (coercive force) and in a manner similar to Wiegand wires by induced, rapidly folding over the soft magnetic range can be used for pulse generation.
  • Another variant additionally uses a core made of a magnetically non-conductive metallic inner conductor (for example made of beryllium copper), onto which the hard magnetic layer, then the intermediate layer and then the soft magnetic layer are deposited.
  • a bistable magnetic switching core generates fewer switching pulses than a Wiegand wire.
  • an inductive rotary encoder working with Wiegand wires is known with a rotor, on the circumference of which parallel Wiegand wires are arranged at regular intervals from the rotor axis.
  • a stator In the vicinity of the circumferential surface of the rotor there is a stator with four magnets which run parallel to the rotor axis and are spaced apart from one another in the direction of rotation of the rotor. Adjacent magnets are arranged antiparallel to each other and an electrical winding is arranged between the two middle magnets, into which the Wiegand wires passing them induce electrical pulses.
  • This known rotary encoder has a good angular resolution and makes it possible to recognize a reversal of the direction of rotation of the rotor, because when the direction of rotation is reversed, the pulses which occur change their polarity.
  • a disadvantage of this rotary encoder is that it only tolerates a displacement of the rotor in the direction of its axis of rotation by a maximum of +1 mm; with a larger axial displacement
  • rotary pulse encoders based on inductive proximity switches have been used for this, but they have the disadvantage that they can only be used in a temperature range from -20 ° C to + 70 ° C; However, a temperature range from -40 ° C to + 120 ° C is required.
  • Rotary pulse generators working with Wiegand wires work reliably over a wide temperature range and would achieve the required temperature range from -40 ° C to + 120 ° Cover C with ease if they were not sensitive to an axial misalignment of the rotor.
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF DE-Z "industry, electronics + electronics” known angular momentum encoder a significantly poorer angular resolution; in the case of the rotary pulse generator shown in the literature reference, it even amounts to only 1 pulse per revolution. It is known from practice to increase the angular resolution of such rotary pulse generators by arranging a larger number of magnets on the circumference of the rotor. However, there are limits to the increase in the number of magnets: if successive magnets are oriented antiparallel on the circumference of the rotor, then they weaken each other the more, the closer they come together, until it is no longer possible to trigger Wiegand pulses .
  • the stator near the Wiegand wire has a magnet that is oriented anti-parallel to the magnets of the rotor then there is a mutual influence in a similar way, which no longer enables a safe triggering of Wiegand impulses.
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF 630 mm long circumference of a rotor requires 120 magnets which are able to saturate the Wiegand wire in the stator, the stator also containing the necessary reset magnet. However, it is absolutely not possible to equip the rotor with saturation magnets so densely.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a rotary pulse generator working with bistable magnetic elements, which combines the insensitivity of the rotary pulse generator known from Figure 9 of DE-Z "industrial electronics + electronics" against axial displacement of its rotor with an improved one Angular resolution.
  • the solution according to claim 1 is based on a design of the rotary pulse generator, in which two bar magnets are arranged on the rotor in antiparallel to one another, and successive pairs of magnetic poles are thus oriented in antiparallel.
  • a larger angular resolution is obtained by not only having a magnet in the axis-parallel orientation and a second magnet, which is antiparallel to it, on the rotation surface.
  • the angular resolution can therefore be multiplied according to the invention by subdividing the distance between successive magnetic pole pairs of the same polarity by arrangements of BMEs and associated electrical windings, but not on the rotor itself, but on the opposite stator. It has been shown that such a combination of closely adjacent BMEs with less closely adjacent magnets is possible because even with BME distances that are small compared to the smallest possible distance of the magnets on the rotor, a reliable casual triggering of the Wiegand impulses is guaranteed at the right time in the respective BME.
  • the solution according to claim 2 is based on a basic structure of the rotary pulse generator, in which only on the rotor
  • Magnets are arranged in one and the same orientation, whereas the stator carries a magnet in an antiparallel orientation.
  • a rotary pulse encoder constructed in this way, with a predetermined number of magnets on the rotor, a much better angular resolution is achieved by distributing in the stator over a central angle l ⁇ ⁇ which the two successive pairs of magnetic poles on the rotor determine with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • a plurality of arrangements formed from a BME together with the associated electrical winding and a pair of magnetic poles are provided, in which the pair of magnetic poles is oriented antiparallel to the pairs of magnetic poles on the rotor.
  • Each BME can be assigned its own magnet in the stator.
  • the rotary pulse generator according to the invention is particularly suitable for asymmetrical excitation.
  • An advantage of the invention is that even with asymmetrical excitation, in which the polarity of the pulses is independent of the direction of rotation, the direction of rotation can still be recognized. This can be achieved simply by connecting at least three windings with separate signaling devices. The order in which the signals then appear indicates the direction of rotation.
  • Another advantage of the rotary pulse generator according to the invention is that it allows relatively high amplitudes of more than 1 V to be produced at the ends of the windings even with an axial displacement of +3 mm of the rotor relative to the stator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of the rotor and stator of a rotary pulse generator, an alternating sequence of antiparallel magnets being arranged on the rotor,
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically the arrangement of the magnets, the BMEs and the windings of the rotary pulse generator from FIG. 1 in a flat development
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of the rotor and stator of a rotary pulse generator, the rotor only carrying magnets of one and the same orientation.
  • the rotor 1 of the rotary pulse generator shown in FIG. 1 is a flat, cylindrical disk which, parallel to the rotary axis 2, carries four identical bar magnets 3 close to the circumference, which are seen at an angle - ⁇ . of 36 ° appear. In the middle between each two of these magnets 3 there is a bar magnet 4 oriented antiparallel to them.
  • the magnets 3 and 4 are high-performance bar magnets, e.g. from cobalt samarium.
  • an arc-shaped stator 5 Arranged closely adjacent to the circumference of the rotor 1 is an arc-shaped stator 5 which, on an arc, the curvature of which lies at the center of the axis of rotation 2, contains twelve sensors 6, each of which consists of a BME, in particular a Wiegand wire 7, and a winding 8 surrounding it, which typically has a few thousand turns.
  • the angular distance of the sensors 6, based on the axis of rotation 2 is 3 ° from the center of a BME to the center of the adjacent BME, so that there is an equidistant sequence of sensors 6 which have a spacing of 1 / 12 of the distance raster, which is due to the spacing of the magnets
  • each winding 8 there is a diode 9 in series with each winding 8 in order to suppress disturbing pulses of wrong polarity.
  • Four windings 8 each drive a common signal path 11, 12 or 13, e.g. a subsequent electronics.
  • the first, fourth, seventh and tenth sensors 6 control the signal path 11, the second, fifth, eighth and eleventh sensors 6 control the signal path 12 and the third, sixth, ninth and twelfth sensors control the signal path 13.
  • the rotary encoder shown works as follows:
  • the BMEs are progressively progressed from left to right by means of a magnet 3 (setting magnet) into magnetic saturation, in which core and jacket of the BME are oriented in parallel. As soon as the subsequent magnet
  • each sensor 6 does not have to be connected to a common signal path, rather each sensor 6 can also be switched to a separate signal path.
  • the second exemplary embodiment differs from the first in that the rotor only carries reset magnets 4, but in a somewhat denser sequence than in the first example.
  • the set magnets 3 antiparallel to them are arranged in the stator, with two sensors each 6 belongs to a setting magnet 3, which has the same distances from the two sensors 6 assigned to it.
  • the angular distances between the reset magnets 4, based on the axis of rotation 2 are an integer multiple of the angular distances between the sensors 6.
  • the individual BMEs in the sensors 6 are permanently saturated by the set magnets 3 assigned to them as long as there is no reset magnet 4 in the immediate vicinity.
  • the reset magnet 4 with an appropriate design and arrangement, initially weakens the field of the set magnet 3 at the location of the BME 7 and finally reverses the direction of the magnetic field, so that the BME 7 in the sensor 6 is reset. If the reset magnet 4 then moves away from the sensor 6 as a result of further rotation of the rotor 1, the field of the set magnet 3 can again prevail at its location, ignite the BME and lead it again into saturation.
  • the setting magnet 3 and the resetting magnet 4 are selected to be of the same strength, the resetting magnet 4 must be brought closer to the sensor 6 than the setting magnet 3 is.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un générateur d'impulsions rotatif inductif qui comprend un rotor (1) portant sur sa circonférence une série d'aimants (2, 3) parallèles à l'axe, qui passent près d'un stator (5) dans lequel sont disposés une série de détecteurs (6) équidistants munis d'éléments magnétiques bistables. Cette série s'étend sur une zone d'angle au centre (α1) qui comprend deux aimants consécutifs (3) ayant la même orientation magnétique.
PCT/EP1993/001816 1992-07-22 1993-07-10 Generateur d'impulsions rotatif inductif WO1994002987A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4224129.4 1992-07-22
DE19924224129 DE4224129A1 (de) 1992-07-22 1992-07-22 Induktiver Drehimpulsgeber

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994002987A1 true WO1994002987A1 (fr) 1994-02-03

Family

ID=6463800

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1993/001816 WO1994002987A1 (fr) 1992-07-22 1993-07-10 Generateur d'impulsions rotatif inductif

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4224129A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994002987A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107764352A (zh) * 2017-10-16 2018-03-06 南京艾驰电子科技有限公司 一种无源流量监测装置及方法
DE102022124159A1 (de) 2022-09-21 2024-03-21 Fachhochschule Aachen, Körperschaft d. öffentl. Rechts Positionssensorvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4407474C2 (de) * 1994-03-07 2000-07-13 Asm Automation Sensorik Messte Drehwinkelsensor
US7286868B2 (en) 2001-06-15 2007-10-23 Biosense Inc. Medical device with position sensor having accuracy at high temperatures
US6992477B2 (en) 2001-06-15 2006-01-31 Biosense, Inc. Medical device with position sensor having core with high permeability material for determining location coordinates of a portion of the medical device
DE102006030736B4 (de) * 2006-06-30 2011-06-01 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektromotor
DE102008030201A1 (de) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Drehgeber und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb
EP3471115B1 (fr) * 2017-10-16 2020-05-13 Baumer IVO GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de génération d'impulsion de tension lors d'une rotation d'un arbre monté de manière rotative autour de l'axe de rotation
KR20230070610A (ko) * 2021-11-15 2023-05-23 한국철도기술연구원 위건드 와이어를 이용한 타코미터 및 그 고장 감지 방법

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3219491A1 (de) * 1982-05-25 1983-12-01 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Anordnung zur impulserzeugung fuer eine drehzahl- und positionsmessung hoher aufloesung an rotierenden teilen von maschinen
DE3729949A1 (de) * 1987-09-07 1989-03-23 Siemens Ag Drehgeber mit impulsdraht-sensoren

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3911429A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-10-07 Ibm Self-energized magnetic keys
DE3302084C2 (de) * 1983-01-22 1986-03-06 Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim Induktiver Drehgeber

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3219491A1 (de) * 1982-05-25 1983-12-01 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Anordnung zur impulserzeugung fuer eine drehzahl- und positionsmessung hoher aufloesung an rotierenden teilen von maschinen
DE3729949A1 (de) * 1987-09-07 1989-03-23 Siemens Ag Drehgeber mit impulsdraht-sensoren

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ELEKTRONIK Bd. 29, Nr. 7, April 1980, MUNCHEN DE Seiten 43 - 50 G. KUERS; G. WALDHAUER 'Ein alternativer magnetischer Sensor: Der Wiegand-Modul' *
'SENSORS - COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY: VOL. 5 MAGNETIC SENSORS' 1990 , BOLL R. & OVERSHOTT K.J. , WEINHEIM DE *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107764352A (zh) * 2017-10-16 2018-03-06 南京艾驰电子科技有限公司 一种无源流量监测装置及方法
DE102022124159A1 (de) 2022-09-21 2024-03-21 Fachhochschule Aachen, Körperschaft d. öffentl. Rechts Positionssensorvorrichtung
DE102022124159B4 (de) 2022-09-21 2024-04-11 Fachhochschule Aachen, Körperschaft d. öffentl. Rechts Positionssensorvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4224129A1 (de) 1994-01-27

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