WO1993015168A1 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante - Google Patents

Composition d'huile lubrifiante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993015168A1
WO1993015168A1 PCT/AU1993/000034 AU9300034W WO9315168A1 WO 1993015168 A1 WO1993015168 A1 WO 1993015168A1 AU 9300034 W AU9300034 W AU 9300034W WO 9315168 A1 WO9315168 A1 WO 9315168A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
oil composition
composition according
additive
engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1993/000034
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pieter Jan Dirk Muntz
Original Assignee
Pieter Jan Dirk Muntz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pieter Jan Dirk Muntz filed Critical Pieter Jan Dirk Muntz
Priority to US08/810,979 priority Critical patent/US6093861A/en
Priority to CA002117439A priority patent/CA2117439C/fr
Publication of WO1993015168A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993015168A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/02—Natural products
    • C10M159/04—Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M127/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon
    • C10M127/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon well-defined aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricating oil compositions, especially engine oils.
  • a lubricant When two metal surfaces move over each other, considerable heat is evolved due to friction.
  • the function of a lubricant is to separate the two rubbing surfaces by a film thereby greatly reducing the coefficient of friction. If this film fails, the frictional heat produced may melt the surfaces causing them to weld together or seize.
  • a continuous thick (>0.001 in.) film of lubricant separates the solid surfaces at all points, then frictional resistance is controlled by the viscosity of the lubricant. This is referred to as "hydrodynamic lubrication" .
  • Crude oils contain a number of broad classes of hydrocarbons, the proportions of which vary greatly from oil to oil.
  • Branched alkanes include iso- and anteiso alkanes, and linear derivates of isoprene such as phytane and pristane and degradation products from molecules such as carotene. These compounds have low melting points and so confer low pour points on lubricating oils. They are also stable to degradation by heat and oxygen and have high viscosity indexes, so this iso-paraffin group is the preferred feedstock for lube oil manufacture.
  • n-Alkanes The paraffins have similar properties to the iso-paraffins, except that, due to their higher melting points, they raise the pour point of a lube oil.
  • Qycloalkanes The naphthenics contain five- membered and six-membered rings with alkyl side chains. They lower the pour point of an oil but they have a low viscosity index.
  • Aromatics These are derivatives of benzene, naphthalene and other fused ring systems with alkyl side chains. This group has a low viscosity index and poor thermal stability.
  • a manufacturer will select feeds which have appropriate molecular weight ranges and are rich in the desired classes of hydrocarbons (iso-paraffins) , and low in aromatics, ONS compounds, and paraffins so that production costs can be kept low. Crudes such as those from Pennyslvania which are ideal for lube oil manufacture are being depleted, so now most manufacturers use a feed stock mix which is carefully selected to meet the product mix required by the market. Some manufacturers upgrade their feedstock by using a severe hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis process called hydrocracking to remove sulphur, aromatics, and to open rings and crack larger molecules.
  • the desired oily alkane material is extracted from the viscous bottoms product from the vacuum tower using liquid propane (high pressure, 65°C) in a propane de- asphalting plant.
  • liquid propane high pressure, 65°C
  • the more polar, high molecular weight polycy ⁇ lic aromatics are less soluble in liquid propane than are the alkane (paraffin) components and are removed as a hard sludge.
  • Evaporation of the propane leaves the heaviest grade of lubricating oil which is usually referred to as "bright stock" .
  • Each of the lube oil fractions is next treated with a solvent system which selectively removes much of the aromatic and 0, N, S material. Phenol and more recently furfural have been widely used in elaborate multistage counter current equipment for this purpose.
  • n-Alkanes normal paraffins
  • branched alkanes of similar molecular weight must be removed to decrease the low temperature viscosity of the lubricating oil. This is accomplished by taking the oil up in a suitable solvent such as a methylethylketone-toluene mixture and chilling 5-10°C below the required pour point.
  • n- lkanes are precipitated as "slack wax" which is separated by continuous filtration.
  • the final stage in manufacture of the base stocks is hydrogenation to convert small amounts of dark-coloured unsaturated material into saturated material and to remove sulphur from sulphur compounds present in the oil.
  • Lubricating oils are finally prepared by blending base stocks to give oil of the desired viscosity range, then introducing many additives to improve the life and performance of the oil.
  • the chemical composition of lubricating oils derived from crude oil is particularly complex.
  • Normally lubricating oils contain a high proportion of naphthenic or paraffinic compounds.
  • the hydrocarbons comprising a typical lubricating oil may have from 22 to 70 carbon atoms.
  • the hydrocarbons contained in lubricating oil have very few olefinic bonds. However there may be a significant proportion of hydrocarbons exhibiting aromatic unsaturat pn.
  • a further description of base lubricating oils can be found in an article by D.V. Brock published in "Lubricant Engineering" Volume 43 pages 184-185 March 1987. Minor improvements in the performance of a lubricating oil can yield significant economic benefits far in excess of the cost of the additive that provides the improved performance.
  • the present invention is based on the discovery that the performance of lubricating oil compositions can be significantly improved by the addition of small amounts of medium molecular weight paraffins and naphthenes to lubricating oil.
  • the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition
  • a lubricating oil composition comprising a base lubricating oil and an effective amount of an additive comprising an n- paraffin, an iso-paraffin, a naphthene or a mixture of two or more thereof wherein the iso-paraffin and the naphthene each have from 10 to 20 carbon atoms and the n-paraffins has from 10 to 20 carbon atoms when mixed with the iso- paraffin and/or the naphthene and from 14 to 20 carbon atoms when, used alone.
  • the additive may comprise any compound or any mixture of compounds having a carbon number in the range specified. Compounds having in excess of 14 carbon atoms are generally preferred because of their high boiling point and flash point.
  • the naphthene may comprise from 10 to 90 percent by weight of the additive.
  • the naphthenes may be alkyl, cyclohexanes or alkyl cyclopentanes or any other naphthene normally found in crude oil.
  • the additive may comprise at least 35% naphthenes.
  • n-paraffins comprise at least 35% of the paraffins.
  • the lubricating oil composition may contain as little as .1 percent by volume of the additive for an improvement in performance to be observed.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains from .5 to 1 percent by volume of the additive. Best results have been obtained with about .6 percent by volume of the additive.
  • the additive may comprise a number of paraffins and a number of naphthenes.
  • a number of examples are set out in Table 1.
  • Preferred additives are those that can be described as technical white oils. Typical of these are products such as Shellsol T, Shellsol 72L, Shell P878 and Shell P874. These products have the following typical analysis:-
  • compositions of the present invention may be prepared as compositions ready for use or as concentrates for premixing or mixing in situ e.g. in the sump of an engine. Concentrates may contain as much as 25% of the additive. The effective amount of additive required depends on the ultii ⁇ ate purpose for its inclusion and may also depend upon the additive selected.
  • the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention are based on commercially available base stocks.
  • the compositions of the invention may include various additives such as dispersants, detergents, oxidation inhibitors, foam inhibitors, pour point depressants and viscosity improvers.
  • composition of the present invention may also be incorporated into a grease composition with corresponding improvements in performance.
  • Grease compositions normally comprise a metallic soap and a lubricating oil.
  • composition of the present invention may be used in other automotive applications such as gear boxes, differentials, etc..
  • the motor oils of the present invention provide a number of significant advantages over the existing formulations. These include the following. 1. A noticeable reduction in varnishing;
  • the present invention also includes within its scope methods for any one or more of the following: a. reducing varnishing in an engine; b. reducing sludging in an engine; c. reducing the production of harmful chemical by-products in an engine; d. improving seal life in an engine; and e. reducing glazing in an engine f. reducing friction in an engine by incorporating into motor oil used in the engine an effective amount of an additive selected from the group comprising a paraffin, an isoparaffin, a naphthene or mixture thereof wherein the paraffin, isoparaffin and the naphthene are of medium molecular weight and have from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, or part thereof.
  • Example 1 Provides Benefits provided by the present invention. Benefits provided by the present invention are illustrated by the accompanying comparative examples.
  • the performance of the compositions of the present invention was compared with the performance of the compositions without the additive of the present invention using a pin on ball testing machine.
  • the pin on ball testing machine comprises an electric motor driving a single shaft through a set of pulleys.
  • a rotatable disc having a diameter of approximately 4cm is attached to the shaft and is rotated at a speed of 1200 - 1500 rpm.
  • a separate shaft is pivoted at one end of the apparatus so that a hardened steel bearing element can be applied to the rotating disc.
  • a torque wrench type configuration fitted to the pivoted shaft is used to determine the load applied to the rotating disc by the hardened steel bearing element.
  • Lubricant under test was applied to the bearing surface by splashing lubricant from a bath held at a base of the rotating disc.
  • Shellsol 72L was added to Shell Spirex HD gear oil in the-proportion 1:160 by volume.
  • a Four Ball wear test and a Timkin test according to ASTM standards D-2783 and D-2782 respectively were conducted. The results obtained were as follows:-
  • Shellsol 72L was added to Exxon Superflow 10 W -
  • Sequence 6 tests were then performed on the mixture.
  • the Sequence 6 test records engine performance over a 32 hour ageing period.
  • the formulation showed a 0.8 to 1% improvement in fuel efficiency for 28 of the 32 hours of the Sequence 6 test.
  • a Sequence 3E test was performed on a formulation comprising Shell P878 with 20% added mixture of paraffins, 18 and 19 carbon atoms, and a base motor oil in the proportion 1:150 by volume.
  • the Sequence 3E test involves running an engine containing the test formulation for 64 hours, pulling the engine down and assessing engine wear, sludge production, varnishing and ring land deposits. Viscosity is measured during the test.
  • the results obtained for the test formulation are compared with results obtained with the base motor oil on the same engine.
  • the formulation showed a marked improvement over the base oil in mostly all characteristics. Cylinder base wear was particularly low.
  • Example 6 In order to simulate an oil change the engine used in Example 6 was re-assembled and run with the similar formulation for a further 6 hours. This test demonstrated the ability of the additive to remove any remaining varnish and sludge deposits and maintain a very high degree of cleanliness during the working life of an engine; in other words preventing deposit build ups. It also the additive particularly works best at the earlier stages of use and where there already exists some build up of various deposits.
  • Example 8 Shell P878 was added to the oil in a rebuilt 454
  • Example 9 An engine that had used Shellsol 72L, Shell P878 and an assimilation of P874, as additives to its motor oil was pulled down after 170,000 kilometres. The engine had no visible oil stains, acid stains or varnish deposits throughout the bore and the head; neither were there any sludge deposits. In summary the engine was comparable with an engine that had done 30,000 km using normal motor oil.
  • the engine showed minimal wear especially for the age of the engine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention décrit des compositions d'huiles lubrifiantes contenant un additif comprenant de la paraffine normale, et/ou des isoparaffines et/ou des naphtalènes, chacun ayant de 10 à 20 atomes de carbone. Des compositions contenant entre 0,1 et 0,2 % en volume d'additif sont décrites. Ces compositions réduisent efficacement la formation de laque et le dépôt d'impuretés par des sous-produits chimiques, ainsi que l'encrassement dans un moteur. Les compositions peuvent également être utilisées dans des fluides de transmissions automatiques, des lubrifiants et des huiles d'engrenages.
PCT/AU1993/000034 1992-01-23 1993-01-25 Composition d'huile lubrifiante WO1993015168A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/810,979 US6093861A (en) 1993-01-25 1993-01-25 Lubricating oil composition
CA002117439A CA2117439C (fr) 1992-01-23 1993-01-25 Composition d'huile lubrifiante

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPL0531 1992-01-23
AUPL053192 1992-01-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993015168A1 true WO1993015168A1 (fr) 1993-08-05

Family

ID=3775941

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1993/000034 WO1993015168A1 (fr) 1992-01-23 1993-01-25 Composition d'huile lubrifiante

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3443993A (fr)
CA (1) CA2117439C (fr)
WO (1) WO1993015168A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100241280B1 (ko) * 1997-08-30 2000-02-01 정몽규 저 증발형 엔진오일 조성물
WO2000042118A1 (fr) * 1999-01-15 2000-07-20 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions de fluides frigorigenes halocarbones contenant des agents hydrocarbones de retour d'huile

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2424745A (en) * 1945-10-26 1947-10-30 Baraquel Cai. va Jose Lubricating and penetrating oil
US3843534A (en) * 1971-02-19 1974-10-22 Sun Oil Co Lubrication of controlled-slip differential
GB1401183A (en) * 1971-11-16 1975-07-16 British Petroleum Co Working aluminium
US3903001A (en) * 1971-02-19 1975-09-02 Sun Research Development Lubricant for a controlled-slip differential
US4228024A (en) * 1978-10-25 1980-10-14 Gulf Research & Development Company Insulating oil compositions containing a fraction derived from the alkylation product of benzene with ethylene
US4737537A (en) * 1985-12-17 1988-04-12 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Colored silicone composition
DD255745A1 (de) * 1986-11-03 1988-04-13 Petrolchemisches Kombinat Verfahren zur herstellung von transformatorenoel

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2424745A (en) * 1945-10-26 1947-10-30 Baraquel Cai. va Jose Lubricating and penetrating oil
US3843534A (en) * 1971-02-19 1974-10-22 Sun Oil Co Lubrication of controlled-slip differential
US3903001A (en) * 1971-02-19 1975-09-02 Sun Research Development Lubricant for a controlled-slip differential
GB1401183A (en) * 1971-11-16 1975-07-16 British Petroleum Co Working aluminium
US4228024A (en) * 1978-10-25 1980-10-14 Gulf Research & Development Company Insulating oil compositions containing a fraction derived from the alkylation product of benzene with ethylene
US4737537A (en) * 1985-12-17 1988-04-12 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Colored silicone composition
DD255745A1 (de) * 1986-11-03 1988-04-13 Petrolchemisches Kombinat Verfahren zur herstellung von transformatorenoel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100241280B1 (ko) * 1997-08-30 2000-02-01 정몽규 저 증발형 엔진오일 조성물
WO2000042118A1 (fr) * 1999-01-15 2000-07-20 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions de fluides frigorigenes halocarbones contenant des agents hydrocarbones de retour d'huile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2117439C (fr) 2004-04-20
AU3443993A (en) 1993-09-01
CA2117439A1 (fr) 1993-08-05

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