EP0578642B1 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante - Google Patents
Composition d'huile lubrifiante Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0578642B1 EP0578642B1 EP92904376A EP92904376A EP0578642B1 EP 0578642 B1 EP0578642 B1 EP 0578642B1 EP 92904376 A EP92904376 A EP 92904376A EP 92904376 A EP92904376 A EP 92904376A EP 0578642 B1 EP0578642 B1 EP 0578642B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- molecular weight
- carbon atoms
- additive
- medium molecular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 4
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Norphytane Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- GGYKPYDKXLHNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6,10,14-tetramethylhexadecane Chemical compound CCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C GGYKPYDKXLHNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000009989 Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N Lycopene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1C(=C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=C)CCCC2(C)C UPYKUZBSLRQECL-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000765083 Ondina Species 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GQVCNZBQZKXBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-one;toluene Chemical compound CCC(C)=O.CC1=CC=CC=C1 GQVCNZBQZKXBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001746 carotenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005473 carotenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin A aldehyde Natural products O=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/02—Natural products
- C10M159/04—Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
- C10M101/025—Petroleum fractions waxes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M127/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon
- C10M127/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non- macromolecular hydrocarbon well-defined aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/022—Well-defined aliphatic compounds saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/024—Well-defined aliphatic compounds unsaturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/04—Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2290/00—Mixtures of base materials or thickeners or additives
- C10M2290/02—Mineral base oils; Mixtures of fractions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
- C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/06—Instruments or other precision apparatus, e.g. damping fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
- C10N2040/28—Rotary engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to lubricating oil compositions.
- Crude oils contain a number of broad classes of hydrocarbons, the proportions of which vary greatly from oil to oil.
- a manufacturer will select feeds which have appropriate molecular weight ranges and are rich in the desired classes of hydrocarbons (iso-paraffins), and low in aromatics, ONS compounds, and paraffins so that production costs can be kept low. Crudes such as those from Pennyslvania which are ideal for lube oil manufacture are being depleted, so now most manufacturers use a feed stock mix which is carefully selected to meet the product mix required by the market. Some manufacturers upgrade their feedstock by using a severe hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis process called hydrocracking to remove sulphur, aromatics, and to open rings and crack larger molecules.
- Lubricating Oil Fractions Fraction No. of C atoms Molecular Weight Boiling Range °C (Plant conditions) Light (Low viscosity) 22-36 300-500 370-500 Medium (medium viscosity) 29-45 400-600 450-550 Heavy (high viscosity) 43 ⁇ 600 ⁇ >500(residue)
- the desired oily alkane material is extracted from the viscous bottoms product from the vacuum tower using liquid propane (high pressure, 65°C) in a propane deasphalting plant.
- liquid propane high pressure, 65°C
- the more polar, high molecular weight polycyclic aromatics are less soluble in liquid propane than are the alkane (paraffin) components and are removed as a hard sludge. Evaporation of the propane leaves the heaviest grade of lubricating oil which is usually referred to as "bright stock".
- Each of the lube oil fractions is next treated with a solvent system which selectively removes much of the aromatic and O, N, S material. Phenol and more recently furfural have been widely used in elaborate multistage counter current equipment for this purpose. The immiscible, slightly polar solvent selectively extracts the more polar aromatic material from the hydrocarbon mixture.
- n-Alkanes normal paraffins
- branched alkanes of similar molecular weight n-Alkanes
- a suitable solvent such as a methylethylketone-toluene mixture and chilling 5-10°C below the required pour point.
- the n-alkanes are precipitated as "slack wax" which is separated by continuous filtration.
- the final stage in manufacture of the base stocks is hydrogenation to convert small amounts of dark-coloured unsaturated material into saturated material and to remove sulphur from sulphur compounds present in the oil.
- Lubricating oils are finally prepared by blending base stocks to give oil of the desired viscosity range, then introducing many additives to improve the life and performance of the oil.
- lubricating oils derived from crude oil is particularly complex.
- Normally lubricating oils contain a high proportion of naphthenic or paraffinic compounds.
- the hydrocarbons comprising a typical lubricating oil may have from 20 to 70 carbon atoms.
- Usually the hydrocarbons contained in lubricating oil have very few olefinic bonds. However there may be a significant proportion of hydrocarbons exhibiting aromatic unsaturation.
- a further description of base lubricating oils can be found in an article by D.V. Brock published in "Lubricant Engineering" Volume 43 pages 184-185 March 1987.
- the present invention is based on the discovery that the performance of lubricating oil compositions can be significantly improved by the addition of small amounts of a medium molecular weight paraffin to lubricating oil having typically between about 20 and 70 carbon atoms.
- the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition
- a base lubricating oil having typically between about 20 and 70 carbon atoms, characterised by from between 0.1% and 2% by volume of an additive wherein the additive comprises paraffins of medium molecular weight and having between about 10 and 20 carbon atoms, so as to be effective in removing varnish and reducing the coefficient of friction between the surfaces.
- the medium molecular weight paraffin (MMWP) may comprise from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, from 10 to 19 carbon atoms or from 10 to 17 carbon atoms but preferably it comprises from 10 to 15 carbon atoms.
- the composition may contain as little as 0.1% by volume of MMWP for an improvement in performance to be observed.
- the engine oil composition of the present invention contains from 0.5% to 1% by volume of a MMWP. Best results have been obtained with about 0.6% by volume MMWP.
- MMWP's are normally derived from the processing of crude oils. Normally they are produced during the initial atmospheric distillation of a crude oil and are characterised as hydrocarbons having a boiling point in the range from 150 to 335°C.
- compositions of the present invention may be prepared as compositions ready for use or as concentrates for premixing or mixing in situ e.g. in the sump of an engine. Concentrates may contain as much as 25% of the MMWP. The effective amount of MMWP required depends on the ultimate purpose for its inclusion and may also depend upon the additive selected.
- Shellsol T is characterised as a solvent having the following properties-: Property Test Method Unit Specification Typical Value Distillation ASTM D1078 °C Ranges, IBP 180 min 180.2 DP 205 max 202.5 Flash Point IP 170 °C - 57.5 Aniline Point ASTM D611 °C 78-83 80 Density @ 15°C ASTM D1298 kg/ litre 0.765-0.775 0.769 Composition %m Paraffins >99.8 Naphthenes ⁇ 0.1 Aromatics ⁇ 0.1
- Shell P874 and P878 are technical white oils comprising a mixture of paraffins and naphthenes.
- Paraffins of medium molecular weight include dodecane, hexadecane, octadecane and cosane.
- the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention are based on lubricating oil compositions that are normally commercially available. These compositions may include various additives such as dispersants, detergents, oxidation inhibitors, foam inhibitors, pour point depressants and viscosity improvers.
- additives such as dispersants, detergents, oxidation inhibitors, foam inhibitors, pour point depressants and viscosity improvers.
- oils of the present invention provide a number of significant advantages over the existing formulations. These include the following.
- the present invention also includes within its scope methods for any one or more of the following:
- the performance of the compositions of the present invention was compared with the performance of the compositions without the additive of the present invention using a pin on ball testing machine.
- the pin on ball testing machine comprises an electric motor driving a single shaft through a set of pulleys.
- a rotatable disc having a diameter of approximately 4cm is attached to the shaft and is rotated at a speed of 1200 - 1500 rpm.
- a separate shaft is pivoted at one end of the apparatus so that a hardened steel bearing element can be applied to the rotating disc.
- a torque wrench type configuration fitted to the pivoted shaft is used to determine the load applied to the rotating disc by the hardened steel bearing element.
- Lubricant under test was applied to the bearing surface by splashing lubricant from a bath held at a base of the rotating disc. At all times during the test a continuous film of lubricant was in contact with the bearing.
- the test procedure was as follows. With the disc rotating, a piece of coarse wet and dry emery paper was used to smooth any imperfections and score marks from the rotating disc prior to test. The bearing was moved to ensure a fresh unmarked surface was available for contact with the rotating disc. Prepared samples were poured into an oil bath containing approximately 20 to 40 mls and held in close contact at the base of the rotating disc which picked oil up and carried it across the bearing surface. The bearing fixed to the pivoted shaft was lowered onto the rotating lubricated disc and allowed to settle in. A continuous load was manually applied to the handle of the pivoted shaft. The load was maintained and gradually increased until the bearing surfaces began to squeal. At the point when squealing commenced, the torque applied was measured in ft.lb units.
- Youngs 303 which is a lubricating oil used in cleaning guns.
- Gas chromatographic analysis of Youngs 303 revealed that it is a mixture of a lubricating oil and another hydrocarbon fraction of slightly higher boiling point than kerosene.
- the kerosene like fraction had major components of carbon chain length 11 to 13.
- the kerosene like fraction comprised approximately 50% of the "Youngs 303".
- the dynamometer consistently indicated that the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention resulted in an idle speed that was consistently 125 rpm greater than that for the base lubricating oil.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention was compared with a base lubricating oil over a range of engine speeds.
- the additive used was Shellsol T in the ratio 1:160.
- the engine used was a Caterpillar (Model 3406) six cylinder 400 horsepower engine.
- Tables 4 and 5 illustrates the performance of the engine using the base lubricating oil composition
- Table 5 illustrates the performance of the same engine using a lubricating oil composition of the present invention.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Claims (23)
- Procédé pour réduire le dépôt de gomme et améliorer la lubrification dans des systèmes mécaniques choisis dans le groupe consistant en des moteurs à combustion interne, des boítes de vitesse et des différentiels, procédé qui comprend l'étape consistant à lubrifier le moteur, la boíte de vitesse ou le différentiel avec une composition d'huile lubrifiante, dans lequel :(a) la composition comprend une huile lubrifiante de base ayant habituellement 20 à 70 atomes de carbone ; et(b) la composition est caractérisée par une quantité de 0,1 % à 2 % en volume d'une paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprenant 10 à 20 atomes de carbone ;
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprend 10 à 19 atomes de carbone.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 2, dans lequel la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprend 10 à 17 atomes de carbone.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 3, dans lequel la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprend 10 à 15 atomes de carbone.
- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen est présente en une proportion de 0,5 à 1,0 % en volume.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 5, dans lequel la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen est présente en une proportion d'environ 0,6 % en volume.
- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la composition d'huile lubrifiante comprend en outre un additif, additif qui comprend la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 7, dans lequel l'additif comprend un pourcentage de carbone paraffinique supérieur à 99,8 %, un pourcentage de naphtènes inférieur à 0,1 % et un pourcentage de carbone aromatique inférieur à 0,1 %, a un point d'éclair d'approximativement 57,5°C, un point d'aniline d'approximativement 78 à 83°C et une masse volumique d'approximativement 0,765 à 0,775 kg/l.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 7, dans lequel l'additif comprend également des naphtènes.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 9, dans lequel, dans l'additif, les pourcentages de carbone de paraffines et de naphtènes suivant la méthode d'essai D2140 de l'American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) sont, respectivement, égaux à approximativement 58 % et 42 %.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 10, dans lequel l'additif a un point d'éclair d'approximativement 106°C, un point d'aniline d'approximativement 82°C et une masse volumique d'approximativement 0,807 kg/l.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 9, dans lequel, dans l'additif, les pourcentages de carbone des paraffines et naphtènes suivant la méthode d'essai D2140 de l'American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) sont, respectivement, égaux à approximativement 79 et 21 %.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 12, dans lequel l'additif a un point d'éclair d'approximativement 146°C, un point d'aniline d'approximativement 97°C et une masse volumique d'approximativement 0,799 kg/l.
- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 13, dans lequel l'additif est présent en une proportion de 1,25 % en volume.
- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, procédé qui comprend en outre les étapes consistant :(a) à prendre une composition d'huile lubrifiante comprenant l'huile lubrifiante de base ayant habituellement 20 à 70 atomes de carbone ; et(b) à ajouter la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen à la composition d'huile lubrifiante en une quantité de 0,1 à 2,0 % en volume de la composition d'huile lubrifiante.
- Composition d'huile lubrifiante apte à l'utilisation dans un procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 14.
- Utilisation d'une composition d'huile lubrifiante dans un procédé pour réduire le dépôt de gomme et améliorer la lubrification dans des systèmes mécaniques choisis dans le groupe consistant en des moteurs à combustion interne, des boítes de vitesse et des différentiels, dans laquelle :(a) la composition d'huile lubrifiante comprend une huile lubrifiante de base ayant habituellement 20 à 70 atomes de carbone ; et(b) la composition d'huile lubrifiante est caractérisée par la présence de 0,1 % à 2 % en volume d'une paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprenant 10 à 20 atomes de carbone ;
- Utilisation suivant la revendication 17, dans laquelle la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprend 10 à 19 atomes de carbone.
- Utilisation suivant la revendication 18, dans laquelle la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprend 10 à 17 atomes de carbone.
- Utilisation suivant la revendication 19, dans laquelle la paraffine de poids moléculaire moyen comprend 10 à 15 atomes de carbone.
- Utilisation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 20, dans laquelle la composition d'huile lubrifiante répond à la définition suivant la revendication 15.
- Composition de graisse comprenant un épaississant et une composition d'huile lubrifiante apte à l'utilisation suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 17 à 21.
- Composition de graisse suivant la revendication 22, dans laquelle l'épaississant comprend un savon métallique.
Applications Claiming Priority (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPK442591 | 1991-02-04 | ||
AU4425/91 | 1991-02-04 | ||
AU442591 | 1991-02-04 | ||
AU925991 | 1991-11-04 | ||
AU9259/91 | 1991-11-04 | ||
AUPK925991 | 1991-11-04 | ||
AUPK999491 | 1991-12-13 | ||
AU9994/91 | 1991-12-13 | ||
AU999491 | 1991-12-13 | ||
AU531/92 | 1992-01-23 | ||
AUPL053192 | 1992-01-23 | ||
AU53192 | 1992-01-23 | ||
PCT/AU1992/000034 WO1992013932A1 (fr) | 1991-02-04 | 1992-02-04 | Composition d'huile lubrifiante |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0578642A1 EP0578642A1 (fr) | 1994-01-19 |
EP0578642A4 EP0578642A4 (en) | 1994-05-25 |
EP0578642B1 true EP0578642B1 (fr) | 2002-10-02 |
Family
ID=27424306
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92904376A Expired - Lifetime EP0578642B1 (fr) | 1991-02-04 | 1992-02-04 | Composition d'huile lubrifiante |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0578642B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH06506237A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE225389T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU1204592A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9205586A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69232795D1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1992013932A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5102965B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-12-19 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 金属加工油組成物 |
JP5265087B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2013-08-14 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | さび止め油組成物 |
JP5102966B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-12-19 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 金属加工油組成物 |
EP2006365B1 (fr) * | 2006-03-31 | 2018-02-21 | Nippon Oil Corporation | Utilisation d'une composition d'huile hydrocarbonee polyfonctionnelle |
JP5150060B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-31 | 2013-02-20 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 放電加工油組成物 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1966111A (en) * | 1930-01-20 | 1934-07-10 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating oil and method of making the same |
FR2278758A1 (fr) * | 1974-07-17 | 1976-02-13 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Composition d'huile hydrocarbonee pour fluides hydrauliques |
ES438552A1 (es) * | 1975-06-13 | 1977-09-01 | Empresa Nacional Aluminio | Mejoras en los procedimientos de laminacion en frio del alu-minio. |
GB1572794A (en) * | 1975-12-16 | 1980-08-06 | Shell Int Research | Baseoil compositions |
DD209846A1 (de) * | 1982-09-20 | 1984-05-23 | Petrolchemisches Kombinat | Schmierstoffzusaetze zur verbesserung des luftabscheidevermoegens |
DE3544619A1 (de) * | 1985-12-17 | 1987-06-19 | Bayer Ag | Farbige siliconmassen |
GB2224287B (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1991-03-27 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Lubricants for traction drives |
US4882077A (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1989-11-21 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Metalworking fluid |
DD280545A1 (de) * | 1989-03-14 | 1990-07-11 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Fluessiges druckuebertragungsmittel fuer hochdruck-hochtemperatur-belastungen |
-
1992
- 1992-02-04 DE DE69232795T patent/DE69232795D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-04 AU AU12045/92A patent/AU1204592A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-02-04 JP JP4503865A patent/JPH06506237A/ja active Pending
- 1992-02-04 AT AT92904376T patent/ATE225389T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-02-04 BR BR9205586A patent/BR9205586A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-02-04 EP EP92904376A patent/EP0578642B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-04 WO PCT/AU1992/000034 patent/WO1992013932A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0578642A4 (en) | 1994-05-25 |
ATE225389T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
JPH06506237A (ja) | 1994-07-14 |
AU1204592A (en) | 1992-09-07 |
BR9205586A (pt) | 1994-09-27 |
DE69232795D1 (de) | 2002-11-07 |
EP0578642A1 (fr) | 1994-01-19 |
WO1992013932A1 (fr) | 1992-08-20 |
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