WO1993012436A1 - Indicateur de panne pour lignes d'alimentation - Google Patents

Indicateur de panne pour lignes d'alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993012436A1
WO1993012436A1 PCT/AU1992/000659 AU9200659W WO9312436A1 WO 1993012436 A1 WO1993012436 A1 WO 1993012436A1 AU 9200659 W AU9200659 W AU 9200659W WO 9312436 A1 WO9312436 A1 WO 9312436A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fault
current
indicator
fault indicator
conductor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1992/000659
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Campbell Houston Keenan
Original Assignee
Campbell Houston Keenan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Campbell Houston Keenan filed Critical Campbell Houston Keenan
Publication of WO1993012436A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993012436A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • H02H3/042—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned combined with means for locating the fault

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fault indicator for indicating when a fault has occurred in the transmission of electrical power along a power line, such as the power lines used in countrywide electrical distribution networks, for example.
  • Previously known fault indicators are mounted in situ at strategic points on Electricity Supply Utility distribution networks to quickly pinpoint faults.
  • a fault such as a short circuit to earth, for example, all fault indicators trigger from the supply sub-station up to the fault, but not beyond. Consequently, a "trouble man" following the line, or the control operator on his screen, can follow the fault indicator flashing light (a flashing light display is provided locally on each fault indicator for the "trouble man"), identify and isolate the faulty section, then restore power to the remainder of the network.
  • Prior art fault indicators suffer from a number of problems which have resulted in their general performance being notoriously unreliable and has resulted in their use being restricted to limited applications. These problems include an inability to detect troublesome low earth currents and an inability to identify the correct location of a fault when some particular types of fault occur, such as "brown out” (open circuit), or the situation where a fault occurs halfway between the load and the power supply and the load has enough electromotive force to push the charge back along the power line to the fault. In this case, all fault indicators from the power supply to the load will trigger and it will be impossible to identify the location of the fault.
  • the present invention provides a fault indicator for indicating when a fault has occurred on an electrical distribution line, the fault indicator being mountable on an electrical distribution line and comprising means for sensing the direction of current flow on occurrence of a fault and indicating means for indicating occurrence of a fault.
  • the indicating means is preferably arranged to indicate the direction of current flow on occurrence of the fault. It will be appreciated that by current "direction" in an ac network there is no actual absolute flow direction of current, actual flow periodically reversing. However, convention dictates that current flow "direction” is from the generator to the load. When a back surge current occurs on a fault, from the load towards the fault, the direction of current flow therefore reverses.
  • direction sensing is carried out by monitoring the phase angle of the ac signal.
  • the fault indicator includes means for detecting the current wave form and means for detecting the voltage wave form, comparison of voltage and current wave forms on occurrence of a fault enabling a determination of current direction.
  • the phases of the respective current and voltage wave forms are preferably compared. If there is no relative change in the phases the current is considered to be flowing in its original direction, i.e. away from the generator, whereas if there is a reversal in phase the current is considered to be flowing in the opposite direction i.e. towards the original generator.
  • Current sensing is preferably carried out by a coil with an iron core placed adjacent the conductor.
  • Voltage sensing is preferably carried out by a pair of capacitive plates placed adjacent the conductor, one plate being nearer the conductor than the other, which act to sense the presence or absence of voltage.
  • the indicating means provides an indication of direction
  • each indicating means on each fault indicator points towards the fault, even if a back surge current sufficient to trip the detectors has occurred between the load and the fault.
  • the fault indicator comprises a "doughnut" housing clampable onto a conductor and incorporating in the housing a display for indicating occurrence of a fault and current direction on occurrence of the fault.
  • the fault indication is provided by a fault indicator system, comprising a sensor mounted in a housing on the conductor, which senses current and voltage information, and a data collator mounted within the vicinity of the conductor mounted sensor.
  • the data collator may, where the network is a over-ground network, be mounted on the conductor support pole or, where the network is an underground network, be mounted adjacent the conductors.
  • the sensor mounted conductor includes a transmitter for transmitting sensor information to a complementary receiver in the data collator.
  • the data collator can therefore monitor the conductor or, where there are a number of conductors, each conductor, and when a fault occurs a display, preferably mounted on the data collator, indicates which conductor is affected and the direction of current flow on occurrence of the fault.
  • the system has the advantage of line isolation of the data collator to allow ease of interfacing for distribution automation of the information obtained from the conductor sensors.
  • One collator may deal with a number of fault indicators, i.e. one for each conductor associated with the collator.
  • the transmission medium for transmission of the information between the sensor and the collator, is preferably a wireless communication link.
  • this is an ultrasonic transmitter and receiver arrangement, although it is possible to use other arrangements, such as radio frequency transmissions in the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the range required for the transmission will, in virtually all cases, be very low (a few metres) .
  • the fault indicator of the present invention is preferably arranged not to trigger on an absolute value of current but on a ratio value of current, e.g. if the current on the line increases by 100% from its normal current value the fault indicator will then trigger. Alternatively it may trigger when di/dt exceeds a predetermined value.
  • One type of fault indicator can therefore be used for all types of electricity distribution networks, whatever the network current value.
  • the fault indicator of the present invention preferably waits a predetermined time period for the line current to drop to near zero before triggering (e.g. 20 seconds).
  • triggering e.g. 20 seconds
  • Current sensing followed by triggering on current drop guards against false triggering.
  • the fault indicator will indicate for a period of time, say 4 hours, and will not be reset by return of current. In this instance the indication will be at a different flash rate than for a permanent fault, thus permitting troublesome transient faults to be located and distinguished from permanent faults.
  • the fault indicator of the present invention may also sense temperature information, turning the fault indicator into a complete power analyser for a power line. Where actual value voltage is sensed, all of the parameters necessary for a complete power analyser are available. Arrangements can be made for transmission of this data to a base station, giving a controller all the information he needs to carry out a complete power analysis of the network, as well as providing the normal fault indication function.
  • in-rush current does not last long. Typically it would not last more than a cycle or so of the current waveform.
  • the fault indicator is set so as not to indicate a fault unless the fault current is maintained over at least three cycles. This automatically distinguishes from in-rush current.
  • the present invention provides a fault indicator for indicating when a fault has occurred on an electrical distribution line, the fault indicator being mountable on an electrical distribution line and comprising means for monitoring the magnitude of the current flow to determine whether or not a fault current has occurred, the occurrence of a fault current being established when a predetermined magnitude of current flow has occurred for a predetermined time.
  • a predetermined time preferably includes the predetermined number of cycles of the fault current flow, e.g. three cycles. This enables the fault indicator to distinguish between in-rush current and a true fault current.
  • a second option may be the sensing of di/dt within a much shorter time to co-ordinate with fast acting fuses.
  • This aspect of the invention can include all of the preferred features of the first aspect of the invention discussed above, as well as the feature of determining current direction and indicating same.
  • the present invention provides a fault indicator for indicating when a fault has occurred on an electrical distribution line, comprising means for mounting the fault indicator on an electrical distribution line conductor, indicating means for indicating the occurrence of a fault, current sensing means for sensing the current on the distribution line and trigger means responsive to the magnitude of the current increasing to a predetermined ratio or di/dt value over the normal current value to cause the indicating means to indicate that a fault has occurred.
  • the fault indicator of this aspect of the invention may also include all of the features discussed above in relation to the above other aspects of the invention, including current direction sensing, voltage sensing, a fault indication system comprising conductor mounted sensors and remote data collators, etc. as discussed above.
  • the present invention provides a fault indicator system for indicating when a fault has occurred on an electrical distribution line, the system comprising a sensor arranged to be mounted on an electrical distribution line conductor and including means for sensing current on the conductor, and a data collator mounted in the vicinity of the sensor but not being mounted on the conductor, the sensor further including transmitter means for transmitting current sensor information to the data collator, and the data collator including receiver means for receiving the current sensor information, the data collator also being provided with indicator means for indicating the occurrence of a fault on the conductor when the current sensor information indicates that a fault has occurred.
  • the sensor may also include means for detecting voltage and temperature as discussed above in relation to the first aspect of the invention, and may determine the occurrence of a fault by ratio current detection followed by current drop also, as well as all of the other features discussed above in relation to previous aspects of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block circuit diagram of circuitry in a sensor unit arranged to be mounted on an electrical transmission conductor and
  • Figure 2 is a schematic circuit block diagram of a data collator to be used in conjunction with the sensor of Figure 1 and to be mounted in the vicinity thereof.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 illustrate an embodiment of a fault indicator in accordance with the present invention which is configured as two separate units, although one unit is operable on its own as a local fault indicating unit if required, as will become clear later on in the description.
  • the first unit is a sensor unit (generally designated by reference unit 1) which, in operation, is mounted within a "doughnut" shaped housing (these types of housings are known for previous fault indicators) which is clampable directly on to a conductor of a power distribution line.
  • the sensor 1 is clamped to the power line such that its various sensors 2 and current transformer 3 are within operating range of the conductor.
  • the fault indicator 1 is arranged to monitor the current and voltage flowing along the power conductor, to determine when changes in these parameters mean that there is a fault somewhere along the conductor, and to provide an indication via indication means 4 of the occurrence of a fault and of the direction of current flow on occurrence of the fault.
  • the sensor 1 is also provided with a transmitter circuit 5 which is capable of transmitting information relating to the sensed parameters and also whether or not a fault has occurred to the data collator unit illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the indicator means 4 of the sensor unit 1 is optional. Where the sensor unit 1 is being used in conjunction with a data collator of Figure 2, as in this described embodiment, where the data collator has its own indicator means for indicating a fault and current direction, the local indication means 4 is not necessary. The unit 1, however, may be used on its own, without the collator, in which case the local indicator 4 is able to give all of the fault information necessary.
  • the collator may be integrated into a distribution automation system.
  • the senor 1 comprises a current sensor 6, which comprises an iron coil core situated adjacent the power conductor.
  • the iron coil core senses the current wave form on the conductor, the signal is filtered in a 50/60 Hz band pass filter (not shown) and then amplified in a current amplifier 7.
  • the signal from the current amplifier 7 is input to an analog to digital converter input of a control unit 8, to convert the ac current signal into a digital signal.
  • the control unit 8 comprises a central processing unit, analog to digital converters (perhaps on board the CPU) , a memory and various outputs.
  • a person skilled in the art will be able to design a control unit to perform the various functions required by the control unit of the present invention, from a standard knowledge of electronics.
  • the gain of the current amplifier 7 is adjusted by a pulse width modulated output from the control unit 8.
  • the pulse width modulated output from the control unit 8 is used as a feedback signal to constantly adjust the gain of current amplifier 7 and maintain it such that the output of the current amplifier 7 remains unsaturated even when the absolute current magnitude value increases.
  • the absolute magnitude value of the current can be calculated in the control unit 8 from the digitally converted output of the current amplifier 7 and the value of the pulse width modulating signal at any particular time.
  • the gain of the amplifier 7 may be adjusted by switching a number of resistors digitally to provide various known gains. Again, the current magnitude is calculated from the signal level at the A/D converter and gain at the time. This gain setting will be continually updated to keep signal levels appropriate for fault detection.
  • a voltage detector 9 is also provided and comprises a pair of capacitive plates placed adjacent the conductor, one plate being further away from the conductor than the other.
  • the magnitude of the voltage is not measured by the detector 9, but the capacitive sensor 9 does produce a signal, filtered by a 50/60 Hz band pass filter (r t shown) amplified by a voltage amplifier 10.
  • a temperature sensor is provided, reference numeral 11, which provides information on the temperature of the conductor, which is useful where a complete power analysis of the conductor is required.
  • the signal from the temperature sensor 11 is amplified in a temperature amplifier 12 and input to analog to digital converter in the control unit 8, for subsequent onward transmission.
  • the indicating means 4 comprises four LEDs arranged in a diamond shape, which display provides a simple indication of current flow direction when three of the LEDs are illuminated.
  • the LEDs are preferably "super bright" LEDs, and flashing indication is used (e.g. a flash every two seconds) to conserve power and increase visibility.
  • the transmitter circuit 5 includes an ultrasonic or ultralow power radio transmitter which takes the serial output from the control unit c and transmits it to the data collator illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the circuit is provided with power from a power supply 13 which takes its power from a current transformer 3 hooked to the conductor, and being provided with standard over-current and voltage protection 14. Standard technology is used in blocks 3, 13 and 14.
  • a back-up battery e.g. a lithium battery
  • a back-up battery may be provided to continue powering the display 4 when there is no longer any power being provided by the conductor (e.g. when the supply circuit breaker has opened) .
  • the control unit 8 determines when the current has increased by a predetermined ratio amount or di/dt, comparied to its former, normal value. It may do this by storing in memory the normal average value of current magnitude and subsequently comparing this normal average value with the magnitude of current presently being sensed. If the current changes to the trigger values this provides the first indication to the control unit that a fault may be occurring.
  • the second indication confirmatory of the fact that a fault has occurred, is when the current detected by the current detector drops to near zero, or more precisely to less than 1% say of normal value, i.e. no current pulse has been detected. When both these events have occurred, the control unit indicates that a fault has occurred by driving the display 4 and/or transmitting the fault information to the collator of Figure 2 so that the collator can indicate a fault on its display.
  • Control unit 8 determines the current direction in the control unit 8 by comparing the signal received from the voltage detector amplifier 10 and the signal received from the current amplifier 7. If the phase angle between the two wave forms remains the same, the direction of the current is the same as when no fault was occurring, i.e. from supply to load. However, if the phase angle between the two signals reverses, the current direction has reversed.
  • the control unit 8 is arranged to compare the times that the voltage and current waves cross 0 in a positive direction.
  • ⁇ T only is transmitted to the collating unit, since T is known, and the power factor can be calculated at the collator.
  • the indicating means 4 is appropriately adjusted to show this.
  • the direction indication is very important as it now allows the location of faults to be easily detected even where the faults are due to one of the three following reasons:- (1) Due to an open circuit where the fault current is back fed via the load side transformer.
  • the sensor unit 1 can operate as a stand alone unit by virtue of being provided with a local indicator 4, and need not be operated in conjunction with the data collator illustrated in Figure 2. Where a cheaper system is required, therefore, sensor units 1 on their own will be sufficient.
  • SCADA is an acronym for "Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition", i.e., in this case, a remote control system for automating the distribution system, by receiving information at a control room and enabling all switching and control to be carried out from the control room.
  • the collator unit 20 is provided in a housing which may be similar to the housing provided for prior art pole mounted fault indicators, the housing being mountable in the vicinity of the conductor mounted sensor.
  • the collator 20 In an over-ground electricity network, for example, the collator 20 would be mounted on the conductor support pole. In an underground network, the collator 20 could be mounted in any accessible easily visible area in the vicinity of the conductor mounted sensor.
  • the collator 20 comprises a receiver, which may be ultrasonic or radio depending upon the transmission media, for receiving information from the sensor 1, a control unit 22 for processing the received information, an LED display 23 for indicating faults and current direction of fault and a user interface 24, which may be an RS232 interface, for example, for interfacing with a distribution automation SCADA network or interfacing with the controller base to provide power line information and/or fault information directly to the network controller.
  • the power supply 25 for the unit 20 includes a battery which is chargeable by a solar panel 26 (obviously the solar panel may only be useful in over-ground units and other sources of power will usually be required for underground units) . Note that, as regards underground units, it is quite possible to have the sensors remaining underground while the collator units are situated over-ground. The solar panel may still be used for these.
  • a collator unit 20 would usually be used with a plurality of conductor mounted sensor units 1, i.e. one for each conductor phase in the vicinity of the collator unit 20. This gives the advantage over prior art devices of being able to gather information on each conductor separately while keeping the advantage of line isolation for the collator.
  • the information sent from each conductor to the receiver 21 will include the current, phase angle (or just ⁇ T) , which conductor (i.e. address of the particular sensor sending the information) , status (whether there is a fault or not) and temperature of the conductor.
  • the sensor 1 would also be arranged to determine voltage magnitude and would transmit this to the receiver.
  • the control unit 22 determines from the address of the faulty conductor which conductor it is and indicates on its display 23 which conductor and the direction of current and occurrence of the fault.
  • a fault indicator in accordance with the present embodiment is preferably arranged to be automatically reset after the occurrence of a fault by the return of a voltage for a continuous predetermined time period, for example 20 seconds.
  • a timeout for resetting the device is also possible.
  • the device may be set to automatically reset within a predetermined suitable time period, such as four hours.
  • a transient lock facility may also be implemented which is arranged to provide indication that transient faults are occurring, i.e. a fault which only lasts for a short time period before current comes back on line.
  • a normal fault indicator would be automatically reset, but the transient version can be implemented merely by dispensing with the current reset feature.
  • a transient fault would be distinguishable from a permanent fault by a different (faster or slower) flash rate.

Abstract

Un indicator de panne pour une ligne de distribution de puissance comporte une unité de détection (1) montée sur la ligne de distribution à surveiller. L'unité de détection (1) comprend un détecteur de courant (6), un détecteur de tension (9) et une unité de commande (8) qui compare l'amplitude et la phase instantanées de la tension et du courant détectés avec des valeurs d'état stable de manière à déterminer la présence de niveaux de courant anormaux et l'inversion du flux du courant. L'unité de détection comporte également un indicateur local (4) conçu pour indiquer un état de panne et la direction de la panne sur la ligne. L'unité de détection comprend également un transmetteur de données (5) conçu pour transmettre les données à un collecteur (20) de données local qui comporte un récepteur de données correspondant (21), un contrôleur (22) conçu pour recevoir et interpréter les données provenant d'un certain nombre de conducteurs groupés, et un indicateur (23) conçu pour indiquer les états de panne et la direction des pannes.
PCT/AU1992/000659 1991-12-09 1992-12-09 Indicateur de panne pour lignes d'alimentation WO1993012436A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPK994391 1991-12-09
AUPK9943 1991-12-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993012436A1 true WO1993012436A1 (fr) 1993-06-24

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WO (1) WO1993012436A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0783703A1 (fr) * 1994-09-29 1997-07-16 Pacific Gas and Electric Company Detecteur d'incidents a emetteur-recepteur radio
EP0915345A2 (fr) * 1997-11-08 1999-05-12 Asea Brown Boveri AG Appareil électrique, en particulier un limiteur de surtension , pourvu d'un affichage de courants de fuite
DE19757573A1 (de) * 1997-12-23 1999-07-01 Wolf Kusserow Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anzeigen der Richtung eines Energieflusses in elektrischen Wechselspannungsnetzen
WO2010126688A1 (fr) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Ssi Power, Llc Système de télécommunication de ligne électrique haute tension utilisant un bloc d'alimentation de collecte d'énergie
DE102011078239A1 (de) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rücksetzen eines Störlichtbogenschutzgeräts
US8823387B1 (en) 2011-03-11 2014-09-02 Electro-Mechanical Corporation Blown fuse detector
GB2548863A (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-04 4Eco Ltd Contactless system for measuring power flow direction
CN108833790A (zh) * 2018-08-14 2018-11-16 烟台艾睿光电科技有限公司 一种模拟信号的采集电路、方法及装置
CN108957212A (zh) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-07 山西元工电力工程设计有限公司 一种10千伏配电网断线故障检测系统
US10811876B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-10-20 Florida Power & Light Company Disconnect switch status in a power distribution system

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US3986116A (en) * 1975-01-27 1976-10-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Transient source and direction of propagation detector
US3986115A (en) * 1975-01-20 1976-10-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Transient direction detector
US4063171A (en) * 1976-11-04 1977-12-13 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Fault indicator responsive to flow of fault current in a conductor when power flow is in one direction only
GB2074406A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-10-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter with remote indicator and power supply
GB2094987A (en) * 1981-03-05 1982-09-22 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Power flow detector
US4432031A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-02-14 General Electric Company Method for overcurrent protection
US4438403A (en) * 1981-08-04 1984-03-20 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Fault indicator with combined trip and reset winding
EP0218225A2 (fr) * 1983-04-13 1987-04-15 Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation Capteur modulaire monté sur une ligne de transmission
US4794332A (en) * 1986-03-28 1988-12-27 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Fault indicator having improved trip inhibit circuit
JPH02223330A (ja) * 1989-02-21 1990-09-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 過電流保護装置
WO1991002395A1 (fr) * 1989-08-07 1991-02-21 Sigma Instruments Division Indicateur de defaut adaptatif de courant
EP0463860A2 (fr) * 1990-06-25 1992-01-02 Cooper Industries, Inc. Détecteur de circuits défectueux pourvu d'un indicateur isolé

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US3986115A (en) * 1975-01-20 1976-10-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Transient direction detector
US3986116A (en) * 1975-01-27 1976-10-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Transient source and direction of propagation detector
US4063171A (en) * 1976-11-04 1977-12-13 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Fault indicator responsive to flow of fault current in a conductor when power flow is in one direction only
GB2074406A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-10-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter with remote indicator and power supply
GB2094987A (en) * 1981-03-05 1982-09-22 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Power flow detector
US4438403A (en) * 1981-08-04 1984-03-20 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Fault indicator with combined trip and reset winding
US4432031A (en) * 1982-05-03 1984-02-14 General Electric Company Method for overcurrent protection
EP0218225A2 (fr) * 1983-04-13 1987-04-15 Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation Capteur modulaire monté sur une ligne de transmission
US4794332A (en) * 1986-03-28 1988-12-27 Schweitzer Edmund O Jun Fault indicator having improved trip inhibit circuit
JPH02223330A (ja) * 1989-02-21 1990-09-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 過電流保護装置
WO1991002395A1 (fr) * 1989-08-07 1991-02-21 Sigma Instruments Division Indicateur de defaut adaptatif de courant
EP0463860A2 (fr) * 1990-06-25 1992-01-02 Cooper Industries, Inc. Détecteur de circuits défectueux pourvu d'un indicateur isolé

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0783703A1 (fr) * 1994-09-29 1997-07-16 Pacific Gas and Electric Company Detecteur d'incidents a emetteur-recepteur radio
EP0783703A4 (fr) * 1994-09-29 1998-04-22 Pacific Gas And Electric Co Detecteur d'incidents a emetteur-recepteur radio
EP0915345A2 (fr) * 1997-11-08 1999-05-12 Asea Brown Boveri AG Appareil électrique, en particulier un limiteur de surtension , pourvu d'un affichage de courants de fuite
EP0915345A3 (fr) * 1997-11-08 2000-01-19 Asea Brown Boveri AG Appareil électrique, en particulier un limiteur de surtension , pourvu d'un affichage de courants de fuite
DE19757573A1 (de) * 1997-12-23 1999-07-01 Wolf Kusserow Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anzeigen der Richtung eines Energieflusses in elektrischen Wechselspannungsnetzen
DE19757573B4 (de) * 1997-12-23 2006-04-13 Wolf Kusserow Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anzeigen der Richtung eines Energieflusses in elektrischen Wechselspannungsnetzen
WO2010126688A1 (fr) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-04 Ssi Power, Llc Système de télécommunication de ligne électrique haute tension utilisant un bloc d'alimentation de collecte d'énergie
US8392130B2 (en) 2009-04-29 2013-03-05 Ssi Power, Llc High voltage power line communication system using an energy harvesting power supply
US8823387B1 (en) 2011-03-11 2014-09-02 Electro-Mechanical Corporation Blown fuse detector
DE102011078239A1 (de) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rücksetzen eines Störlichtbogenschutzgeräts
GB2548863A (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-04 4Eco Ltd Contactless system for measuring power flow direction
US10811876B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2020-10-20 Florida Power & Light Company Disconnect switch status in a power distribution system
CN108833790A (zh) * 2018-08-14 2018-11-16 烟台艾睿光电科技有限公司 一种模拟信号的采集电路、方法及装置
CN108957212A (zh) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-07 山西元工电力工程设计有限公司 一种10千伏配电网断线故障检测系统

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