Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
  • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
  • B27L11/007—Combined with manufacturing a workpiece
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • B27B1/00—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing
  • B27B1/007—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing taking into account geometric properties of the trunks or logs to be sawn, e.g. curvature
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • B27B25/00—Feeding devices for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Feeding devices for trees

Definitions

• the present invention concerns an apparatus, as defined in the preamble to Claim 1, for sawing a
• a person aiming to utilize timber material optimally will encounter problems, above all when cutt- 10 ing up crooked logs.
• the usual proce ⁇ dure is to first turn the log so that the crook points up or down, and it is dressed to become a square timber having two opposed planar surfaces, this being accom ⁇ plished by running it through a saw or e.g. through a 15 square timber hewing machine, or chipper.
• the crooked square timber may then be dressed to become a spar of which all side faces are dressed, by running it e.g. through a second chipper.
• the result hereby produced is a crooked spar, which is not necessarily uniform in 20 thickness over its entire length, and therefore this timber cannot be sawn over its whole length to yield full-sized sawn timber.
• this applica ⁇ tion mainly speaks of square timber when referring to 25 (small) square timbers, spars, planks or equivalent timber goods to be processed. Another alternative is to cut the square timber with a saw directly in one work step into boards and deals. Both ways of accomplishing the task are embarrassed by the same problems. It is 30 hard to rip a crooked square timber or spar into tim ⁇ bers of uniform thickness over its whole length because its curvature frequently varies and rotates and the thickness changes, whereby it is difficult to guide the timber to meet the saw blades in an optimal manner. 35
• the state of art in the field of the present invention is presented in the Finnish Patents 68014, 68778 and 81985, and in USP No. 4,127,044.
• the object of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks just mentioned. It is specifically an object of the invention to provide a novel apparatus and procedure by the aid of which one gains from crooked logs their optimum sawn timber output, indepen ⁇ dent of curvature variations and changes of direction of the curvature in one log.
• the apparatus of the invention for cutting square timber comprises a feed mechanism, a chipper and a sawing apparatus in such manner that the feed mecha ⁇ nism has been arranged to feed the square timber into the chipper, the chipper is arranged to remove from . the square timber its curved superficial portions, and the sawing apparatus is arranged to cut the spar emerging from the chipper into boards, deals and equivalent.
• the feed mechanism is connect ⁇ ed to the chipper by means of a pivot with vertical axis, and the chipper is connected to the sawing appa ⁇ ratus by means of another pivot with vertical axis, said sawing apparatus being carried on the frame of the overall apparatus.
• the apparatus furthermore comprises a feed table from which the square timber is fed, in controlled manner, into the feed mechanism.
• the appa ⁇ ratus likewise comprises a control unit, by the aid of which the feed mechanism and the chipper are swivelled about their pivots, both relative to each other and relative to the sawing apparatus, in accordance with the curvature of the square timber that is being pro ⁇ Deadd.
• the chipper and the feed mechanism both follow the shape of the square timber and spar which is being cut, i.e., its curvature, and turn it along with them ⁇ selves so that it will be fed into the saw blades par ⁇ allelling these blades at all times.
• This has the ef ⁇ fect of precluding any torsion effects on the square timber or on the spar and, likewise, any forces from the spar tending to twist the saw blades, whereby rup ⁇ tures which occur in the technique of prior art at the sites of knots in the square timber or spar are suc ⁇ cessfully eliminated, as are also later detachments of knots.
• the sawing apparatus employed in the apparatus is an entity stationary in relation to the frame of the apparatus, other parts of the apparat ⁇ us being swivelled in relation to the sawing apparatus as implied by the curvature of the log that is being cut.
• the possibility is not excluded either that the sawing apparatus could also be swivelled when required.
• swiv ⁇ elling of the parting knives following after the saw blades of the sawing unit although the fact is that usually, at least when thinner sawn timber is being produced, the sawn timber will readily bend enough as it passes the parting knives to obviate the need of swivelling these knives.
• the feed mechanism comprises rollers, rolls or equivalent disposed to rest against the planar faces of the square timber and to impact it between themselves, transporting the square timber into the chipper.
• the parting knives following after the blades may also be pivoted to swivel as one entity out from the direction defined by the blades, whereby they too will swivel and yield in a way consistent with the curvature of the goods that is being cut.
• the parting knives are advantageously comprised, in combination, in a separate frame which is pivotally mounted on the blade frame.
• various guiding members may be used on the feed table, by the aid of which the square timber is transported in proper position to the feed mechanism. It is equally possible to swivel the feed mechanism relative to the square timber on the feed table so that the square timber will be properly posi ⁇ tioned as it moves in between the rollers of the feed mechanism.
• the feed table comprises appropriate measuring elements, measuring frames or equivalent by the aid of which the dimensions of the square timber are measured. such as its length, thickness and crookedness, in which case the results of measurement serve as basis for turning the feed mechanism and the chipper in relation to each other and to the sawing apparatus and the square timber is transported from one treatment step to the other in accordance with commands from the control unit comprised in the apparatus.
• the square timber is guided to pass through between chipper blades removing its curved sides and to a dividing apparatus for dividing said square timber into parts.
• the square timber is guided to the dividing ap ⁇ paratus in accordance with its inherent crookedness, turning the entity constituted by the chipper blades and the feed mechanism rolls, relative to the dividing apparatus, and by swivelling the rolls of the feed mechanism relative to the chipper blades, whereby the square timber will be guided to the dividing apparatus, e.g.
• the length, thickness and curvature of the square timber are measured prior to taking the timber up on the feed mechanism, either the feed mechanism or the square timber being turned so as to make the square timber enter the gap between the rolls of the feed mechanism in a fully determined position, whereafter in accordance with the progress of the square timber through the apparatus, and in accordance with the cur- vature of the timber, the various units processing the timber are swivelled relative to each other so that the square timber will be successfully divided on its en- tire length into boards, deals or equivalent which par ⁇ allel its curvature.
• the apparatus and procedure of the invention afford the advantage, compared with prior art, that they enable optimum yield to be obtained from every log which is processed, regardless of the log's curvature, of changes of this curvature and of changes in direc ⁇ tion of the curvature.
• the apparatus of the figure comprises a sawing apparatus 3, comprising blades 13 and coordinated part- ing knives 14, and the number and location of these blades and knives being freely selectable and adjust ⁇ able as required.
• a sawing apparatus 3 comprising blades 13 and coordinated part- ing knives 14, and the number and location of these blades and knives being freely selectable and adjust ⁇ able as required.
• On the sawing apparatus is carried, with a pivot 5 having a vertical axis a chipper 2 pre ⁇ senting opposed chipping blades 7 and 8, of which the mutual distance can be adjusted in accordance with the dimensions of the square timber to be chipped.
• guides 9, rolls which guide the square timber to the blades 13 along lines substantially determined by the chipping blades.
• the apparatus of the invention comprises a feed table 6 carrying measuring elements
• the apparatus according to the invention de ⁇ picted in the drawing is operated as follows.
• a log, or square timber, dressed to be planar on two op ⁇ posed sides, either sawn or chipped is conveyed onto the feed table 6, the measuring elements 12, represent ⁇ ing a technology known in itself in the art, measure and record the dimensions of the square timber, i.e., its length, thickness and curvature.
• guiding members 11, either helix rolls or rollers with vertical axis, or both, are employed to guide the end of the square timber in between the rolls 10 of the feed mech- anism 1. It is equally possible to turn the feed mech ⁇ anism 1 on its pivot 4, to receive the square timber in a direction perpendicular against the axes of the roll ⁇ ers 10.
• the feed mechanism 1 having taken the square timber in between its rolls, the influence of the guide members 11 on the square timber is discon ⁇ tinued e.g. by lowering said guide members down below the level of the feed table 6.
• the square tim ⁇ ber being impacted between the rolls of the feed mecha- nism 1, the square timber can turn freely on the feed table 6, along with the swivelling of the feed mecha ⁇ nism.
• the feed mechanism 1 is now operated to feed the square timber in between the chipping blades 7 and 8 of the chipper 2, whereby now the curved surfaces unfit to be cut into sawn timber are dressed off; and the spar thus obtained is guided into the blades 13 of the saw ⁇ ing apparatus 3, under guidance by the guides 9.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
• Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Sawing (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Channel Selection Circuits, Automatic Tuning Circuits (AREA)
• Dovetailed Work, And Nailing Machines And Stapling Machines For Wood (AREA)
• Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
• Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
• Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
• Sub-Exchange Stations And Push- Button Telephones (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (7)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1991
  • 1991-10-23 FI FI915000A patent/FI87152C/fi active
• 1992
  • 1992-10-19 DE DE69225078T patent/DE69225078T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-10-19 US US08/211,933 patent/US5469904A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-10-19 EP EP92922263A patent/EP0740599B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-10-19 AT AT92922263T patent/ATE164799T1/de active
  • 1992-10-19 CA CA002121605A patent/CA2121605C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-10-19 WO PCT/FI1992/000279 patent/WO1993008002A1/en active IP Right Grant
• 1994
  • 1994-11-11 EE EE9400198A patent/EE02999B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (7)

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