WO1993000060A1 - Siege coulissant pour fauteuil roulant - Google Patents

Siege coulissant pour fauteuil roulant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993000060A1
WO1993000060A1 PCT/CA1992/000271 CA9200271W WO9300060A1 WO 1993000060 A1 WO1993000060 A1 WO 1993000060A1 CA 9200271 W CA9200271 W CA 9200271W WO 9300060 A1 WO9300060 A1 WO 9300060A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seat
wheelchair
aft
fore
seat platform
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA1992/000271
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ronald Lee Kirby
Original Assignee
Tartan Rehab Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tartan Rehab Limited filed Critical Tartan Rehab Limited
Publication of WO1993000060A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993000060A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1056—Arrangements for adjusting the seat
    • A61G5/107—Arrangements for adjusting the seat positioning the whole seat forward or rearward
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1054—Large wheels, e.g. higher than the seat portion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1056—Arrangements for adjusting the seat
    • A61G5/1072—Arrangements for adjusting the seat rotating the whole seat around a vertical axis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a wheelchair seat which is slidable fore and aft on the wheelchair frame.
  • the problem which is addressed by this invention is that the wheelchair seat position which is most desirable for one activity (e.g. wheeling down a hill) may be least desirable for another (e.g. transferring into a car).
  • wheelchair designers, prescribers and users are forced to make compromises in selecting a seat position which will be most appropriate throughout this range of activities.
  • the usage rate averages 3.3 per 1000 population, and is about five times greater in the group over 65 years old, a rapidly growing segment of the population.
  • the problems which may necessitate the use of a wheelchair are numerous, as are the activities performed by wheelchair users.
  • Wheelchair stability is one important consideration in wheelchair selection and use. Rear tipping accidents occur when an individual in a wheelchair leans backward, rapidly accelerates forward, wheels up an incline or strikes a low obstacle while wheeling backwards, particularly if the individual's centre of mass is high and posterior (as with heavily muscled paraplegics or amputees). Forward tipping accidents commonly occur when wheelchair users lean forward, or transfer forward from a wheelchair to another surface, or when deceleration occurs while moving forward, particularly down an incline.
  • Stability is not the only factor to be considered in determining the seat position.
  • a related parameter for example, is pitch-axis control, i.e. the ease with which a wheelchair user or his attendant can lift the front wheels, such as to make short-radius turns or to negotiate obstacles such as curbs or door jambs.
  • Pitch-axis control increases as the position of the user is moved backward relative to the rear wheels.
  • Table 1 shows how those parameters are affected by altering the wheelchair seat position:
  • SUBSTI which is readily moveable fore and aft, and which is lockable in any desired fore and aft position.
  • the wheelchair seat while occupied by the wheelchair user, can be quickly and easily moved forward or backward from the usual position relative to the wheelchair frame and wheels, by the user or an attendant.
  • the invention differs from present technology by making it possible for the wheelchair user to vary the seat position many times each day, in response to the varying and often conflicting demands of different activities and terrains.
  • the seat position affects stability (and thereby safety), pitch-axis control (ability to perform a "wheelie”) , rolling resistance, downhill turning tendency, propulsive efficiency, the degree of hip and knee flexion, the ability to transfer to another surface, and the ability to reach forward for items on a table or desk, when the wheelchair is prevented from advancing.
  • the invention includes a seat which is slidable along tracks mounted on the wheelchair base or frame, and which is lockable in any one of a number of positions along the tracks.
  • Simple mechanical means are provided to move the seat along the tracks, such as a hand wheel or crank driving a pinion gear to move the seat along a rack attached to the wheelchair base, or a hand wheel or crank driving a worm gear to pull the seat through a nut mounted to the wheelchair base, or other like mechanisms.
  • the degree of leg flexion at the hips and knees can be altered to one which is comfortable, less tiring and less likely to increase spasticity.
  • a user may more easily transfer forward onto another surface if the seat is slid forward, particularly if the forward position of the front wheels is blocked by an obstacle. 10.
  • a user may more easily reach forward for items on a surface (e.g. table or desk) if the seat is slid forward, particularly if the forward position of the front wheels is blocked by an obstacle.
  • the extent of seat position variation in the fore-aft direction relative to the frame and wheels should be ideally 25 - 40 cm, although significant effects on stability have been documented with as little as 5 cm of movement.
  • the seat position should be able to be altered quickly (2 s for a user with normal upper limbs) .
  • the seat position should be able to be altered easily (requiring minimal effort or skill by a user with one normal upper limb) . Moving the seat fore and aft should not require much skill, strength or coordination. It should not be necessary to use the legs as they may be missing or paralysed.
  • the mechanism should be light, preferably adding no more than two or three kg to the weight of the chair.
  • the mechanism should be durable, withstanding the equivalent of 10 position shifts per day for 5 years.
  • the unit should be inexpensive, preferably no more than $600 retail. 8.
  • the unit should be capable of being retro- fitted to most existing chairs.
  • the unit should be capable of being incorporated into new chairs without major design changes in the chairs.
  • the unit should be adjustable or come in different sizes, so as to fit the full range of chair sizes.
  • the sitting surface should be flat and rigid. A cushion would be placed on top, but there is a wide range of styles that prescribers and users would prefer to select separately.
  • the superior surface of the rigid sitting surface should be capable of being suspended below the level of the wheelchair frame ("drop seat") .
  • the unit should be functional even if the plane of fore-aft movement is not horizontal. It is common for the wheelchair frame to be raised slightly in front. This design consideration may tip the balance toward a system that provides some mechanical advantage (e.g. a screw arrangement) or assistance (e.g. springs or hydraulic assist) when the seat is being slid uphill or against slight resistance from
  • the sliding seat should be easily removable or hinged on one side to allow the chair to be “broken down” or folded for transportation and storage.
  • the available positions (within the endpoints) preferably should be infinite.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the wheelchair seat mechanism
  • Fig. 2 is a corresponding perspective view, cut away and exploded to show the seat mechanism
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of a wheelchair with the seat mechanism
  • Fig. 4 is a front view of the mechanism
  • Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the mechanism
  • Fig. 6 is a side view of the mechanism
  • Fig. 7 is a front cross-sectional view at 7-7 in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of one of the rails supporting the seat
  • Fig. 9 is a side view of another embodiment of the invention, in which a long screw and crank handle is used to move the seat platform;
  • Fig. 10 is a front view of this second embodiment
  • Fig. 11 is a side view of the second embodiment, in section;
  • Fig. 12 is a front view of the second embodiment, in section
  • Fig. 13 is a bottom view of the second embodiment, showing the seat platform in a central position
  • Fig. 14 is another bottom view of the second embodiment, showing the seat platform in a forward position; and Fig. 15 is a side view of the second embodiment, in section, showing the seat platform in the forwardmost position, with other positions shown in ghosted lines.
  • two base crossbars 2 are provided, passing laterally between sides of the wheelchair at fore and aft
  • the crossbars are preferably suspended below the normal seat level by a so-called "drop-seat” arrangement, by virtue of J-shaped drop hooks 4 which hook over the side frame members 6 of the wheelchair.
  • the drop seat arrangement is preferable so that the mechanism of the invention can be accommodated without necessarily increasing the height of the seat for the user, although with some wheelchair designs drop seat arrangements may not be possible.
  • Drop seat arrangements are not unique to the present invention.
  • a locking type may be used to prevent the entire seat and mechanism from being lifted off the chair frame, but must be releasable in the case of a folding wheelchair frame, so that the chair can be folded.
  • a solid base platform may be used, again preferably suspended below the normal seat level in a drop-seat arrangement.
  • a solid base platform may add undesirably to the weight, but may be desirable for rigidity and support.
  • the rails are generally C-shaped in cross-section, with their openings facing inwardly.
  • the rails each receive a roller 10 mounted on roller brackets 12 secured to the underside of the seat platform 14. By virtue of the rollers moving along and within the rails, fore and aft movement of the seat platform is possible.
  • the front of the seat is supported by rollers 15 mounted near the forward end of the rails.
  • Bars 17 are mounted on the underside of the seat platform for the rollers to ride along.
  • the seat platform has a relatively large diameter handwheel 22 mounted on a rotatable shaft 24 which is bearing-mounted around a fixed vertical shaft 26 projecting downwardly from the platform.
  • the diameter and position of the handwheel is such that at least a portion thereof projects slightly forward of the front edge of the seat platform, so that it may be readily reached by the wheelchair user, or slightly rearward of the platform so that it may be readily reached by an attendant.
  • the edge of the wheel has serrations or other means to facilitate gripping, particularly for users with weak hands, e.g. partial quadriplegics.
  • the wheel may also be provided with suitable position indicia, e.g. a scale of -5 to +5 cm.
  • a pinion gear 20 which engages teeth 18 on a rack 16, either directly or preferably via an intermediary or "spur" gear 23 which is mounted beneath the seat platform.
  • the rack is mounted to and above the crossbars 2 or base platform, towards one side with the teeth facing inwardly towards the centerline of the chair.
  • Stops 28 are provided in the tracks to prevent the rollers from running off the ends of the tracks, which would be highly undesirable for obvious reasons.
  • the stops need not be positioned at the ends of the tracks, but could be positioned at any desirable locations therealong, to restrict the permitted range of fore and aft movement.
  • the stops are adjustable, because different persons will have different needs and safety limits.
  • Fig. 8 only shows a stop to limit forward movement, but a similar stop would be provided to limit rearward movement as well.
  • a suitable locking mechanism is required, so that the seat can be locked in any one of a finite or infinite number of positions.
  • One suitable mechanism would be as illustrated in Fig.
  • the handwheel 22 is provided with a plurality of holes 30 near the circumference of the wheel, and a pin 33 is positioned to be movable relative to an assembly 32, in and out of any one of the holes, by the action of a cable 36 connected to a locking control lever 38.
  • the locking control lever could be mounted to the wheelchair armrest or any other suitable location where the wheelchair user or attendant can have ready access to it.
  • a conventional ratcheting mechanism (not specifically illustrated) is also employed, to prevent rollback when the chair is on an incline and the locking mechanism is disengaged in order to change the position of the seat.
  • the seat platform could be slidably mounted in a number of different ways, e.g. using any one of a number of different rail configurations, with or without rollers.
  • the seat platform could also be lockable in any desired position by many different means.
  • the above- mentioned ratcheting mechanism which is preferred to prevent rollback could be lockable to prevent movement in either direction.
  • Means other than the rack and pinion arrangement with the handwheel could be used to control the motion, e.g.
  • a wormscrew as described below may be advantageous, and indeed for many users it may not be necessary to control the motion by means such as a handwheel; it may be sufficient that the seat platform is slidable and lockable, with the forces necessary for movement being gravity or the user's hand(s) gripping the wheelchair frame or an extension thereof.
  • the smooth and controlled movement afforded by the rack and pinion and handwheel may not be necessary for many users.
  • Figs. 9 - 15 show a "wormscrew" arrangement, which is presently the preferred embodiment for most applications.
  • a long screw 40 preferably square-threaded, is mounted longitudinally between bearings 42 on the underside of the front and back of the seat platform.
  • the screw is rotatable via a hand crank 44 at the front end of the screw, and/or by a hand crank 44' at the rear end of the screw, such rotation pulling the seat platform in one direction or the other with respect to a fixed nut 48 mounted on a cross-piece 49 between the frame members 6.
  • the hand crank may be secured via a clip 46, in which position the crank is out of the way and does not interfere with the user's legs.
  • two stop nuts 50 may be secured to the long screw, one ahead of the fixed nut 48 and the other behind the fixed nut, the stop nuts rotating with the screw such that one or the other comes into contact with the fixed nut at fore and aft extreme positions, thereby providing means for adjusting the maximum fore and aft positions of the seat platform.
  • Each stop nut has an anchoring screw 52 which locks it into the desired position on the long screw.
  • a slide housing 54 sits on the frame member 6, held in place by removable pins 56 through the wheelchair frame member or under it (see Fig. 12).
  • SUB housing holds a first C-shaped rail 58 which receives a second C-shaped rail 60, attached to the seat platform 14 and guided on ball bearings 62.
  • the rails are telescoping as in many conventional drawer guides and filing cabinets, to provide better support at extreme extension, although for simplicity the drawings do not specifically illustrate this feature.
  • Posts 64 are mounted to the top of the seat platform, to support an armrest and seat back assembly 66 which moves with the seat platform.
  • the actuation means may be power-assisted, whether via an electric motor, hydraulically, or pneumatically.
  • the embodiment involving the wormscrew lends itself particularly well to the use of a small electric motor, powered by a battery, to rotate the wormscrew to thereby vary the position of the seat.
  • a suitable control can be positioned on the armrest. Such an arrangement is obviously advantageous for those users who have difficulty in operating purely mechanical means.
  • the invention provides improved seating options for those using wheelchairs for mobility.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un mécanisme permettant de positionner le siège d'un fauteuil roulant en avant ou en arrière de manière optimale selon l'utilisation particulière du fauteuil. Le plateau (14) du siège peut coulisser le long d'éléments de guidage ou de glissières (8) montés sur le châssis (6) du fauteuil roulant, et peut être verrouillé en n'importe laquelle d'un certain nombre de positions le long des glissières. Une paire d'éléments de guidage en C (8), de préférence télescopiques, se font face et se déplacent vers l'avant et vers l'arrière. Un plateau (14) de siège coulisse dans les éléments de guidage. Selon un mode de réalisation, une crémiaillère (16) se déplaçant vers l'avant et vers l'arrière se trouve sous le siège. Une roue à main (22) et un pignon (20), montés de manière coaxiale afin d'entrer en rotation l'un par rapport à l'autre autour d'un axe vertical (26) faisant saillie vers le bas à partir de la surface inférieure du siège, sont montés de façon que la roue à main fait saillie vers l'avant au-delà du bord antérieur du siège. La roue fait tourner le pignon, qui à son tour entraîne un engrenage droit (23) qui entre en prise avec la crémaillière. La roue à main peut être aisément tournée afin de déplacer le siège vers l'avant et vers l'arrière par rapport au fauteuil roulant. Selon une variante, une longue vis (40), a filetage carré, est montée sur des paliers (42) fixés sur la surface inférieure avant et arrière du siège, et peut être tournée à l'aide d'une manivelle (44). La rotation de la vis permet de tirer le siège dans une direction ou dans la direction opposée par rapport à un écrou fixe monté sur une traverse (49) entre les éléments du châssis. Ces modes de réalisation permettent à l'utilisateur et/ou à la personne qui l'accompagne de modifier aisément les positions du siège en avant ou en arrière.
PCT/CA1992/000271 1991-06-20 1992-06-19 Siege coulissant pour fauteuil roulant WO1993000060A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US71844291A 1991-06-20 1991-06-20
US718,442 1991-06-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993000060A1 true WO1993000060A1 (fr) 1993-01-07

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WO (1) WO1993000060A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0908167A3 (fr) * 1997-10-06 1999-12-08 Invacare Corporation Siège réversible pour fauteuil roulant avec entraínement de roue avant et roue arrière ayant un règlage angulaire en continu
WO2004082548A2 (fr) * 2003-03-20 2004-09-30 R82 A/S Chaise roulante active
DE102013015816A1 (de) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-26 Otto Bock Mobility Solutions Gmbh Elektrorollstuhl
CN105030207A (zh) * 2015-08-20 2015-11-11 国医华科（天津）医疗科技集团有限公司 一种bppv诊疗系统的传动装置
CN105832472A (zh) * 2016-03-14 2016-08-10 张学海 电动轮椅
EP3415133A1 (fr) * 2017-06-13 2018-12-19 Adolfo Blanco Siège de fauteuil roulant à décalage bilatéral

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB114795A (fr) *
GB2026398A (en) * 1978-01-14 1980-02-06 Hems C Wheelchairs
FR2530951A1 (fr) * 1982-08-02 1984-02-03 Friends Disabled Ass Inc Fauteuil roulant a systeme de transfert
WO1988010082A1 (fr) * 1987-06-23 1988-12-29 Kurt Aron Eriksson Appareil pour personnes handicapees
GB2206088A (en) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-29 Edward Thipthorpe Ruse Step-negotiating wheelchair; wheelchair seats
US5028221A (en) * 1986-04-01 1991-07-02 Jean Malfit High pressure hydraulic generator receiver for power transmission

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB114795A (fr) *
GB2026398A (en) * 1978-01-14 1980-02-06 Hems C Wheelchairs
FR2530951A1 (fr) * 1982-08-02 1984-02-03 Friends Disabled Ass Inc Fauteuil roulant a systeme de transfert
US5028221A (en) * 1986-04-01 1991-07-02 Jean Malfit High pressure hydraulic generator receiver for power transmission
GB2206088A (en) * 1987-06-09 1988-12-29 Edward Thipthorpe Ruse Step-negotiating wheelchair; wheelchair seats
WO1988010082A1 (fr) * 1987-06-23 1988-12-29 Kurt Aron Eriksson Appareil pour personnes handicapees

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0908167A3 (fr) * 1997-10-06 1999-12-08 Invacare Corporation Siège réversible pour fauteuil roulant avec entraínement de roue avant et roue arrière ayant un règlage angulaire en continu
WO2004082548A2 (fr) * 2003-03-20 2004-09-30 R82 A/S Chaise roulante active
WO2004082548A3 (fr) * 2003-03-20 2006-05-04 R82 As Chaise roulante active
US7404567B2 (en) 2003-03-20 2008-07-29 R82 A/S Active wheelchair
DE102013015816A1 (de) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-26 Otto Bock Mobility Solutions Gmbh Elektrorollstuhl
DE102013015816B4 (de) * 2013-09-24 2017-02-09 Otto Bock Mobility Solutions Gmbh Elektrorollstuhl
CN105030207A (zh) * 2015-08-20 2015-11-11 国医华科（天津）医疗科技集团有限公司 一种bppv诊疗系统的传动装置
CN105030207B (zh) * 2015-08-20 2018-08-28 国医华科（天津）医疗科技集团有限公司 一种bppv诊疗系统的传动装置
CN105832472A (zh) * 2016-03-14 2016-08-10 张学海 电动轮椅
EP3415133A1 (fr) * 2017-06-13 2018-12-19 Adolfo Blanco Siège de fauteuil roulant à décalage bilatéral

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