WO1992015782A1 - Appareil destine a capter de l'energie cinetique dans un cours d'eau coulant librement - Google Patents

Appareil destine a capter de l'energie cinetique dans un cours d'eau coulant librement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992015782A1
WO1992015782A1 PCT/CA1991/000066 CA9100066W WO9215782A1 WO 1992015782 A1 WO1992015782 A1 WO 1992015782A1 CA 9100066 W CA9100066 W CA 9100066W WO 9215782 A1 WO9215782 A1 WO 9215782A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
duct
water
discharge side
stream
energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA1991/000066
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jean-Marc Lalancette
Original Assignee
Lalancette Jean Marc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lalancette Jean Marc filed Critical Lalancette Jean Marc
Priority to PCT/CA1991/000066 priority Critical patent/WO1992015782A1/fr
Publication of WO1992015782A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992015782A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for recovering kinetic energy in a free flowing water stream and converting it into useful energy.
  • the duct can vary from a simple ring around the rotor (Corren et al, U.S. Patent 4,613,279, 1986) to more elaborate structures such as profiled intakes and discharges (Mouton, U.S. Patent 4,219,303, 1980 and Holliger, U.S. Patent 4,545,726, 1985).
  • Chappell et al, in U.S. Patent 4,258,271, 1981 describe a duct around the intake where the incoming stream is constricted ahead of the turbine, said duct being flared out at an angle from 35° to 75° on the discharge side.
  • the present invention is therefore directed to a technique which allows recovery of energy from a stream without the major involvement of fixed structures such as dams, spillways and ducts.
  • Such an arrangement allows to reclaim but a small fraction of the available energy at one given site; however, the cost of the operation is minimal due to a lack of major fixed structures and the environmental impact is reduced in comparison with the upheave generated by standard approaches.
  • One feature of the present invention is to make use of the free flowing water around the body of a turbine to create, by an appropriate profile of the body, a vacuum or suction on the discharge side in order to increase the speed of the water flowing through the turbine to a velocity higher than the speed of the free flowing water around the body.
  • Wheels or towed screws are poor energy extractors when used without ducts as extractive apparatus in a moving stream because the water deflected by the solid surfaces of these machines has no place to go but sideways, interfering with the non-deflected part of the stream.
  • the mechanical considerations are to the effect that a reacting surface operating in a free flowing stream, either a paddle or a screw, is performing poorly because the impinging water has no place to go after being deflected by the reacting surface but against the free stream.
  • This pile-up, or clogging effect has the net result of a reduction of speed at the instant of energy exchange in the turbine.
  • the present invention therefore pertains to a novel configuration of the turbine stator so as to facilitate the evacuation of the- stream as it is deflected by the reacting surface, thus providing a significant gain in terms of efficiency due to increase speed through the turbine at the instant of interaction of the accelerated stream with the turbine rotor.
  • the present invention is concerned with using a mobile reacting surface, such as the vanes of a turbine, upon which momentum of the incoming water is felt, thus allowing a transfer of energy to the surface by reaction. If the deflected stream has to compete with a wall of undeflected water as it leaves the reacting surface at an angle, the efficiency is poor.
  • the creation of a negative pressure drag coefficient behind the holding structure is equivalent to generate a space where the deflected stream is able to discharge without inducing back pressure on the reacting surface. Under such conditions, much improved performances are noted for a given surface of reaction with a water stream.
  • the present invention therefore relates to an apparatus for recovering kinetic energy in a free flowing water stream and converting it into useful energy, which comprises: a body immerged in the stream; the body defining a longitudinal duct having an axis extending in the direction of the flow of water; the duct including an intake side at one end thereof and a discharge side at an opposite end thereof; means mounted at the discharge side impelling water flowing through the duct and converting kinetic energy of the water into mechanical energy; and deflector means flaring outwardly at the discharge side for obstructing the flow of water around the duct to thereby create a negative pressure drag on impelled water; the deflector means defining a profile formed of one or more segmented surfaces, a line coincident with the outermost of said surfaces defining an angle from 75° to 160° as measured from the longitudinal axis of said duct.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus for recovering kinetic energy made in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional elevational view of the apparatus of figure 1 shown disposed in a free flowing water stream;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation showing the various angular limits at the intake and at the discharge ends of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figures 4 and 5 show various configurations at the intake and the discharge ends of the duct.
  • an apparatus for recovering kinetic energy generally denoted 10, shown mounted on a platform 12 by means of a series of supporting element 14 and 16.
  • An assembly, generally denoted 18, is also mounted to the platform by means of another supporting element 20; this assembly serves for collecting and converting the kinetic energy into other energy, such as mechanical and/or electrical energy. It will be understood that they are many ways in achieving this conversion and this assembly 18 does not form part of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the apparatus disposed at the bottom of a free flowing stream.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises a body 22 defining a longitudinal duct and having an axis extending in the direction of the flow of water as represented by arrows 24.
  • the duct has an intake side 26 and a discharge side 27 at an opposite end thereof.
  • propeller means 28 are provided for impelling the water flowing through the duct and converting the kinetic energy of the water into mechanical energy.
  • a deflector 30 which flares outwardly and obstructs the flow of water circulating about the duct to thereby create a negative pressure drag on the impelled water.
  • This flaring may consists of a single planar surface, such as illustrated in figures 1 and 2, or of a series of segments, each segment being angled to an adjacent surface. It may also consists of a curved (semi-hemispheric) surface, such as illustrated in figure 3, which, in fact, is a series of infinitesimal segmented surfaces.
  • the beneficial effect of this pressure drag assistance on the speed of flow through the duct located in a free flowing stream has been examined with different configurations of ducts.
  • the measurement of the speed through the duct is an evaluation of the available power at the outlet of the duct since it is well known that the extractable energy from a ducted water stream is proportional to the third power of its speed. Therefore, a gain in speed of the ducted stream, even if moderate, has a very substantial effect on the potential energy output of the system.
  • V speed of free flowing stream
  • v ⁇ speed of ducted stream
  • d diameter of the duct
  • D overall diameter of deflector
  • configuration A-l means an intake having an angle ⁇ of -5° and a deflector angle ⁇ of 75°.
  • the optimal profile is one which will give maximum pressure drag coefficient at the discharge side of the ducts. This is obtained by incorporation of the following considerations in the design: a) the intake must not disturb the flow pattern around the deflector. To that purpose, the value of a can vary from a slightly negative value (-5°) to +15° maximum;
  • the profile of the deflector at the rear of the device must insure maximum drag coefficient by means of a profile corresponding to an angle ⁇ of opening of a value between 75° and 160°, preferably 135°;
  • the D/d ratio can vary in a range of 2 to 6.
  • the design of the water wheel or turbine located at the discharge of the duct will be done in accordance with the rules of the art, taking advantage of the available water flow with increased velocity from the action of the duct.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil destiné à capter de l'énergie cinétique dans un cours d'eau coulant librement et à la convertir en énergie utile. Ledit appareil possède un corps (22) immergé dans un courant, qui forme un conduit ayant un côté d'entrée (26) et un côté de sortie (27). Le côté de sortie est équipé d'un déflecteur (30) qui est évasé de manière à obstruer le flux d'eau autour du conduit afin de créer ainsi une traînée de pression négative sur l'eau qui est accélérée à sa sortie dudit conduit. Les déflecteurs sont évasés à un angle variant entre 75° et 160°, mesuré à partir de l'axe longitudinal du conduit.
PCT/CA1991/000066 1991-03-06 1991-03-06 Appareil destine a capter de l'energie cinetique dans un cours d'eau coulant librement WO1992015782A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA1991/000066 WO1992015782A1 (fr) 1991-03-06 1991-03-06 Appareil destine a capter de l'energie cinetique dans un cours d'eau coulant librement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA1991/000066 WO1992015782A1 (fr) 1991-03-06 1991-03-06 Appareil destine a capter de l'energie cinetique dans un cours d'eau coulant librement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992015782A1 true WO1992015782A1 (fr) 1992-09-17

Family

ID=4172877

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA1991/000066 WO1992015782A1 (fr) 1991-03-06 1991-03-06 Appareil destine a capter de l'energie cinetique dans un cours d'eau coulant librement

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1992015782A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5692247A (en) * 1992-12-15 1997-12-02 Ward; Peter John Exhaust fan
EP0924426A2 (fr) 1997-12-11 1999-06-23 Antonio José Arsénio Dos Santos Costa Turbine immergée au fil de l'eau
GB2447514A (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-17 Rotech Holdings Ltd Underwater turbine housing and mounting structure

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB160803A (en) * 1920-03-26 1921-11-17 Edouard Bouchaud Praceiq Improvements in or relating to wave and current motors
FR2422047A2 (fr) * 1977-05-02 1979-11-02 Guerin Georges Turbine axiale destinee a fournir une puissance par une pression d'air ou d'eau. avec la combinaison de deflecteurs et de pales
US4274009A (en) * 1977-11-25 1981-06-16 Parker Sr George Submerged hydroelectric power generation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB160803A (en) * 1920-03-26 1921-11-17 Edouard Bouchaud Praceiq Improvements in or relating to wave and current motors
FR2422047A2 (fr) * 1977-05-02 1979-11-02 Guerin Georges Turbine axiale destinee a fournir une puissance par une pression d'air ou d'eau. avec la combinaison de deflecteurs et de pales
US4274009A (en) * 1977-11-25 1981-06-16 Parker Sr George Submerged hydroelectric power generation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5692247A (en) * 1992-12-15 1997-12-02 Ward; Peter John Exhaust fan
EP0924426A2 (fr) 1997-12-11 1999-06-23 Antonio José Arsénio Dos Santos Costa Turbine immergée au fil de l'eau
GB2447514A (en) * 2007-03-14 2008-09-17 Rotech Holdings Ltd Underwater turbine housing and mounting structure
GB2447514B (en) * 2007-03-14 2009-12-09 Rotech Holdings Ltd Underwater power generator

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