WO1992014973A1 - Procede et dispositif de repartition pour l'alimentation en air d'une piece - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de repartition pour l'alimentation en air d'une piece Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992014973A1
WO1992014973A1 PCT/FI1992/000037 FI9200037W WO9214973A1 WO 1992014973 A1 WO1992014973 A1 WO 1992014973A1 FI 9200037 W FI9200037 W FI 9200037W WO 9214973 A1 WO9214973 A1 WO 9214973A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
flow
distribution device
supply
room
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1992/000037
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Seppo Juhani Leskinen
Tapani Eino Antero Ahokas
Original Assignee
ABB Fläkt AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Fläkt AB filed Critical ABB Fläkt AB
Priority to DE69219320T priority Critical patent/DE69219320T2/de
Priority to EP92905042A priority patent/EP0571478B1/fr
Publication of WO1992014973A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992014973A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F13/068—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser formed as perforated walls, ceilings or floors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F2013/0608—Perforated ducts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of introduc- ing air into a room, in which method
  • the supply air is blown from the distribution device through air supply openings into the room, - whereby the supply air is passed in the dis ⁇ tribution device through at least two separate flow paths into separate air supply openings, and
  • the supply air is subjected to flow condi ⁇ tions at the air supply openings of each flow path, which flow conditions differ from the flow conditions at the air supply openings of the other flow paths.
  • mixing air distribution devices usually introduce the air into the upper portion of the room at a single point at a rather high rate through various slits, nozzles or openings. Air flow ⁇ ing through them catches with it great quantities of ambient room air and mixes with it. The entire air mass contained in the room is thus brought into motion and is mixed so that it becomes nearly homo ⁇ geneous both in temperature and in impurity content.
  • Draught and noise problems are usually avoided if the temperature of the supply air and the room air is the same. If the temperature difference increases to 2-3 degrees, thermal forces begin to control the flow. When the supply air is colder than the room air, the flow "drops", the flow rate increases due to the thermal forces, and draught occurs on the floor level. If the supply air is warmer than the room air, it rises upward where the exhaust is also usually positioned. This results in a so-called short-circuit flow and poor air change within the occupied zone. Accordingly, the room temperature cannot be adjusted significantly. As there is no air jet which would catch room air with it, the moving air mass is small and the flow is thus liable to disturbances.
  • the air flow can be adjusted within wide limits. Active displacement is thus very suitable for use in cooling, but only limitedly in heating. This way of air distribution is described in Finnish Patent Specifications 79608, 73513, 72800 and 71417.
  • Finnish Patent Specifications 75421, 73514 and 70320 disclose air distribution devices in which supply air flowing through separate flow ducts is subjected to different flow conditions. These air distribution devices comprise two separate flow ducts at the air inlet end, through which ducts the supply air flows into the room space. Both ducts are, how ⁇ ever, arranged to be used simultaneously, that is, part of the supply air flows through one duct and part through the other duct. The purpose of such an arrangement is that the air flows passing through the two ducts supplement each other to achieve desired flow conditions.
  • the device thus comprises only one air distribution system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method which avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages and enables a faultless operation of an active displacement in particular even in cases where the supply air is considerably warmer than the room air.
  • the room temperature can thus be fully controlled and adjusted.
  • This object is achieved by means of a method according to the invention, which is characterized in that the supply air is introduced selectively through one or more separate independent flow paths.
  • the invention is based on the idea that the supply air is passed from the distribution device into the room through two alternative flow paths so that, depending on the flow path through which the air is blown into the room, different flow conditions are created for the supply air by means of different air supply nozzles.
  • heating is required, one flow path is used for the supply air, and when cool- ing is required only the other flow path is used. In cases where neither heating nor cooling is needed, the supply air can be introduced partly through both flow paths.
  • the invention is especially suitable for an active displacement but it can also be applied to other air distribution methods to improve their prop ⁇ erties.
  • the invention is also concerned with an air distribution device for applying the above-described method.
  • the air distribution device is characterized in that the distribution device comprises closing means for separating the flow ducts from each other, and that each flow duct forms an independent air dis ⁇ tribution means, the independent air distribution means operating simultaneously together or separate ⁇ ly-
  • the air supply openings such as nozzles
  • the air supply openings are divided into at least two separate groups into which the supply air can be passed selectively through the separate flow ducts.
  • the number and direction of the nozzles, the air flow rate in the nozzles and even the size and shape of the nozzles may be different in each group.
  • One and the same air distribution device thus provides two or more different air distribution systems independent of each other, e.g. one for winter conditions and one for summer conditions, and the properties of the systems can be adjusted almost continuously from one system to another.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show one embodiment of a distribution device according to the invention in a side view and in a section along the line II-II shown in Figure 1, respectively;
  • Figures 3A and 3B illustrate schematically the flow pattern of air blown into a room from the dis ⁇ tribution device when cooling is required and when heating is required, respectively;
  • Figure 4 is a side view of another embodiment of the distribution device.
  • the air distribution device shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings comprises an elongated supply pipe 1 connected at one end to a feed -system for supply air A and extending into a room 2 to be air- conditioned.
  • the pipe is installed horizontally above the occupied zone of the room.
  • the supply pipe is divided with a central partition plate 3 into two longitudinal halves which form two flow ducts 4 and 5 separate from each other.
  • the flow ducts 4 and 5 end in a solid end plate 6 of the supply pipe.
  • a change ⁇ over damper 7 formed of a flap plate and mounted pivotably to the partition plate.
  • the change-over damper is pivotable between two extreme positions, in which it closes fully either one of the flow ducts.
  • the change-over damper can also be positioned in intermediate positions in which both flow ducts are partially open. Essential is that the adjustment of air flow in the upper flow duct and the lower flow duct of the supply pipe takes place in opposite directions, that is, when the flow in one duct is restricted, the other duct opens.
  • the change-over damper may be manually operable or connected to a suitable adjusting device.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate the operation of the distribution device when cooling is aimed at, that is, when the supply air A is colder than the room air.
  • the change-over damper 7 is thereby turned so as to close the lower flow duct 5, so that air is supplied into the room only through the nozzles 8 of the upper flow channel 4.
  • Figure 3A shows schematically a flow pattern created in the room when the room is to be cooled.
  • Air jets B from the upper nozzles 8 of the supply pipe are directed upward and sideward and bring with them so-called induction air from below and are mixed with it. Since the air in the jets is colder than the ambient air and thus heavier, the jets tend to bend downward. The jets create a small vacuum below the supply pipe, and this vacuum tends to bend the down ⁇ wardly bent flow, which no longer has any temperature and density differences, to the side and again upward.
  • Forces acting in different directions create a double turbulent flow shown in Figure 3A, in which the main direction of flow is upward in the middle and downward at the edges. Even though the flow rates are extremely low, they can be proved experimentally.
  • the turbulence is extremely stable as compared with the magnitude of the impulse that created it, and it resumes its original shape very rapidly after a dis ⁇ turbance.
  • the distribution device operates in the way described above even when the supply air is slightly warmer than the room air.
  • the vacuum below the supply pipe is equal to the thermal lifting action caused by the density dif ⁇ ference. If the temperature difference increases, the flow bends upwards, and the supply air no longer enters the occupied zone.
  • the situation is com ⁇ plicated as the stability of the turbulence decreases with decreasing temperature difference. Thereby even a minor disturbance, flow obstacle, or the like, may totally change the nature of the flows.
  • the pivoting change-over damper 7 is turned into a position shown by broken lines in Figure 1.
  • the impulse can be affected only by varying the number of the nozzles 9 of the lower duct, as a result of which the flow rate in the nozzles also changes.
  • the impulse and flow rate in the nozzles 9 generally have to be clearly greater than in the nozzles 8 of the upper flow duct, that is, the number of the lower nozzles 9 has to be smaller than that of the upper nozzles 8.
  • a reduction in the number of the nozzles 9 also affects favourably the direction of the nozzles.
  • the sector within which the nozzles are positioned decreases with decreasing number of nozzles, and the jets are directed in a more downward direction and in a more centralized manner.
  • the flow rate in the nozzles 9 of the lower flow duct cannot, however, be increased without restrictions: the pressure loss or noise level easily increases too much.
  • This problem can be solved in the system according to the invention by selecting the nozzles 9 so that they are of a different type than the nozzles 8 so that the impulse of the nozzles 9 and especially the so-called throw is greater than that of the nozzles 8.
  • the nozzles 8 and 9 are identical.
  • a flow of desired type can be achieved by inserting a few large nozzles amongst the nozzles 9 of the lower duct. These large nozzles provide carrier jets which carry the air into the occupied zone. This kind of arrangement is also advantageous in that the mixing ratio of supply and room air remains at a high value.
  • the flow from the nozzles 9 may be too forceful and cause draught in the occupied zone when the temperature difference is small.
  • the distribution device operates faultless-
  • the embodiment of the distribution device shown in Figure 4 deviates from the one described above only in that the closing means for the separate flow ducts 4 and 5 of the supply pipe 1 is a so-called butterfly damper 10.
  • This damper comprises two semi ⁇ circular plates fixed perpendicularly with each other and mounted pivotably to the partition plate perpen ⁇ dicularly to it.
  • the damper 10 operates similarly as the change-over damper 7 described above.
  • the drawings and the description related to them are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention. In their details, the method and the distribution device according to the invention may vary within the scope of the claims.
  • the supply pipe of the distribution device may be rectangular, el ⁇ liptical, etc. in cross-section, and the ratio be ⁇ tween its length and diameter may vary.
  • the partition plate may be angular, curved, etc. It need not be parallel to the central line of the pipe, or to the sides of a rectangular pipe, in the longitudinal direction.
  • the pipe is shown to be straight, but it may also be conical and it may comprise reducing fittings, etc.
  • the change-over damper may be e.g. a guide blade adjuster. In place of nozzles, the air supply openings of the supply pipe may be mere open ⁇ ings, holes or the like.
  • the pivotable change-over damper may be re ⁇ placed with an arrangement comprising a control plate fixed to the partition plate 3.
  • the partition plate is mounted in such a way that it turns about the central line of the pipe 1.
  • the supply air can be guided either into the nozzles 8 or into the nozzles 9.
  • a disadvantage of this arrangement is that the air cannot be guided partly into the nozzles 8 and partly into the nozzles 9 without substantially altering the direction of the air jets and the flow field created by them.
  • Large partition plates, often several metres in length, are difficult to mount in bearings, which is also considerably more expensive than the simple damper shown in Figure 1.
  • the shape of the pipe 1 is also limited.
  • the partition plate 3 is a circular arch having a radius slightly smaller than that of the pipe 1 and turning about the central line of the pipe, it forms a closing plate which can be turned to close the nozzles 8 or the nozzles 9.
  • the disad ⁇ vantages are the same as in the embodiment described above.
  • An advantage is a smaller pressure loss as the air flows into the nozzles through the entire cross- sectional area of the pipe 1.
  • the partition plate 3 can also be made stationary, the pipe 1 being mounted to rotate about it. In this embodiment and in the preceding embodi- ment, the partition plate may also be positioned out ⁇ side the pipe 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d'alimentation en air d'une pièce consistant à acheminer l'air d'alimentation (A) par un dispositif de répartition (1) débouchant dans une pièce (2) et à pulser l'air à partir de ce dispositif de répartition par des bouches (8, 9) ouvrant sur la pièce. Pour pouvoir gérer l'alimentation en air même lorsque l'air d'apport est beaucoup plus chaud que l'air ambiant, l'air d'apport est admis dans le système de répartition de manière sélective par deux cheminements indépendants (4 et 5) jusqu'aux bouches d'admission, à partir desquelles l'air d'apport est soumis aux conditions de flux voulues pour être réchauffé au niveau des bouches (8) de l'un des flux et, de manière symétrique, aux conditions voulues pour être refroidi au niveau des bouches (9) de l'autre flux. Le système de répartition entrant en jeu comporte au minimum deux conduites distinctes (4, 5) pour l'air d'apport, ces conduites étant pourvues de bouches distinctes (8, 9) assurant des conditions d'écoulement modulables dans ces deux conduites.
PCT/FI1992/000037 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 Procede et dispositif de repartition pour l'alimentation en air d'une piece WO1992014973A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69219320T DE69219320T2 (de) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 Verfahren und verteilvorrichtung zum einführen von luft in ein zimmer
EP92905042A EP0571478B1 (fr) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 Procede et dispositif de repartition pour l'alimentation en air d'une piece

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI910729 1991-02-14
FI910729A FI90466C (fi) 1991-02-14 1991-02-14 Menetelmä ja jakolaite ilman johtamiseksi huoneeseen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992014973A1 true WO1992014973A1 (fr) 1992-09-03

Family

ID=8531921

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1992/000037 WO1992014973A1 (fr) 1991-02-14 1992-02-12 Procede et dispositif de repartition pour l'alimentation en air d'une piece

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0571478B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE152232T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1257592A (fr)
DE (1) DE69219320T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0571478T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI90466C (fr)
WO (1) WO1992014973A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995014891A1 (fr) * 1993-11-24 1995-06-01 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad Kg Systeme d'ecoulement
WO1998049499A1 (fr) * 1997-04-15 1998-11-05 ABB Fläkt Oy Appareil de distribution de l'air d'amenee dans des pieces a ventiler
DE19722554A1 (de) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-03 Euro Air A S Luftverteilungsverfahren und Einrichtung zu seiner Durchführung
EP1024334A2 (fr) * 1999-01-28 2000-08-02 TUB-AIR S.n.c di DE SIATI Luca e CIGOGNETTI Claudio Diffuseur d'air
IT201800002955A1 (it) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-22 Oneair S R L Condotto di diffusione di aria, relativa canalizzazione di diffusione e impianto di distribuzione di aria

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019119115A1 (fr) 2017-12-18 2019-06-27 Bombardier Inc. Ensemble de distribution de circulation de plafond pour cabine d'aéronef

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1270884A (en) * 1969-02-26 1972-04-19 Citroen Sa Improvements in or relating to heating and ventilating systems for motor vehicles
SE370274B (fr) * 1973-01-26 1974-10-07 Rinipa Ab
SE375601B (fr) * 1973-03-30 1975-04-21 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab
NO145210B (no) * 1978-07-06 1981-10-26 Trox Gmbh Geb Takluftavloep for klimaanlegg.
FI70320B (fi) * 1985-01-28 1986-02-28 Rc Linja Ky Luftfoerdelare
DK154175B (da) * 1980-02-14 1988-10-17 Krantz H Gmbh & Co Indblaesningsarmatur med skrueformet luftudloeb
SE458957B (sv) * 1985-10-02 1989-05-22 Erce Oy Tilluftsdon med trycksaenkningsanordning
EP0466669A1 (fr) * 1990-06-20 1992-01-15 Stratos Ventilation Produkt Ab Appareil ajustable pour approvisionnement d'air

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1270884A (en) * 1969-02-26 1972-04-19 Citroen Sa Improvements in or relating to heating and ventilating systems for motor vehicles
SE370274B (fr) * 1973-01-26 1974-10-07 Rinipa Ab
SE375601B (fr) * 1973-03-30 1975-04-21 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab
NO145210B (no) * 1978-07-06 1981-10-26 Trox Gmbh Geb Takluftavloep for klimaanlegg.
DK154175B (da) * 1980-02-14 1988-10-17 Krantz H Gmbh & Co Indblaesningsarmatur med skrueformet luftudloeb
FI70320B (fi) * 1985-01-28 1986-02-28 Rc Linja Ky Luftfoerdelare
SE458957B (sv) * 1985-10-02 1989-05-22 Erce Oy Tilluftsdon med trycksaenkningsanordning
EP0466669A1 (fr) * 1990-06-20 1992-01-15 Stratos Ventilation Produkt Ab Appareil ajustable pour approvisionnement d'air

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995014891A1 (fr) * 1993-11-24 1995-06-01 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Ferdinand Schad Kg Systeme d'ecoulement
WO1998049499A1 (fr) * 1997-04-15 1998-11-05 ABB Fläkt Oy Appareil de distribution de l'air d'amenee dans des pieces a ventiler
DE19722554A1 (de) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-03 Euro Air A S Luftverteilungsverfahren und Einrichtung zu seiner Durchführung
EP1024334A2 (fr) * 1999-01-28 2000-08-02 TUB-AIR S.n.c di DE SIATI Luca e CIGOGNETTI Claudio Diffuseur d'air
EP1024334A3 (fr) * 1999-01-28 2002-09-04 TUB-AIR S.n.c di DE SIATI Luca e CIGOGNETTI Claudio Diffuseur d'air
IT201800002955A1 (it) * 2018-02-22 2019-08-22 Oneair S R L Condotto di diffusione di aria, relativa canalizzazione di diffusione e impianto di distribuzione di aria

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69219320D1 (de) 1997-05-28
EP0571478B1 (fr) 1997-04-23
FI910729A (fi) 1992-08-15
FI90466C (fi) 1994-02-10
EP0571478A1 (fr) 1993-12-01
DE69219320T2 (de) 1997-09-25
FI90466B (fi) 1993-10-29
AU1257592A (en) 1992-09-15
FI910729A0 (fi) 1991-02-14
ATE152232T1 (de) 1997-05-15
DK0571478T3 (da) 1997-10-20

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