Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
  • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
  • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
  • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
  • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
  • C09K19/38—Polymers
  • C09K19/3833—Polymers with mesogenic groups in the side chain
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
  • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
  • C09K19/40—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. silicon, metals
  • C09K19/406—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. silicon, metals containing silicon
  • C09K19/408—Polysiloxanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
  • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
  • C09K19/42—Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
  • C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
  • C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
  • C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
  • C09K19/544—Macromolecular compounds as dispersing or encapsulating medium around the liquid crystal

Definitions

• Liquid crystal display cord and its manufacture and application
• the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element used for a liquid crystal display device for ⁇ V and general 0 A devices and the like, and its manufacturing method and application, for example, a variable traffic sign, a dimming window, and a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror.
• a conventional liquid crystal display device is formed by injecting a liquid crystal material between a pair of transparent electrode plates fixed at intervals of several meters.
• a polarizing plate whose polarization axes are orthogonal to each other to a pair of transparent electrode plates that enclose the liquid crystal.
• Screen brightness, viewing angle, etc. are insufficient.
• the conventional liquid crystal display element has no memory in the alignment state except for the case where a ferroelectric liquid crystal is used. Active matrix drive using TF ⁇ etc. with poor manufacturing yield
• Liquid crystal material and ordinary low-molecular liquid crystal material dissolved in a solvent Liquid crystal material and ordinary low-molecular liquid crystal material dissolved in a solvent.
• the solution is cast on a plate-like body such as a transparent plate or a film-like support.
• a liquid crystal display device has been proposed in which another support is superposed on the ⁇ molecular liquid crystal Z low molecular liquid crystal mixed film A.
• this liquid crystal display element When a low-frequency or direct-current field is applied to the low-molecular liquid crystal mixed film of this liquid crystal display element, the ions move in the film accompanying the electric field, and the liquid crystal arrangement is disturbed. It is strongly scattered and becomes opaque. Also, when a high-frequency electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the polymer liquid crystal / low molecular liquid crystal mixed film are homeotropically aligned in the field direction by the electro-optic effect so that incident light can pass through without being scattered. It turns into a transparent state. In addition, this liquid crystal display element has a memory property to stably maintain a light scattering state or a non-scattering state when a field is removed in both states.
• the change from transparent to white droplets in the mixed film is caused by a small amount of ions in the mixed film moving according to the DC or low-frequency electric field and disturbing the alignment of the liquid crystal.
• the response speed of the change to ® was slow, and the stability and reproducibility of the response to the application of this electric field were poor.
• a polarizing plate is necessary, so that the display surface is dark and visibility is poor, and the polarizing plate is inferior in durability and has a poor viewing angle. Problems such as limitations Was.
• a conventional liquid crystal anti-glare mirror for example, has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer in which a liquid crystal material is dispersed and held in a solidified resin matrix is sandwiched between a pair of transparent substrates provided with a transparent electrode. It includes a liquid crystal element (light control material) superimposed on a mirror body (see Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 2-75601) and a polychromatic dye.
• a liquid crystal element in which a low birefringence, operatively nematic liquid crystal mass or granular material is encapsulated in an encapsulating medium made of a transparent resin or the like with its natural structure being distorted. Combinations (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-283333).
• the former liquid crystal anti-glare mirror utilizes the fact that the liquid crystal layer is in a light transmitting state when a voltage is applied and is in a light scattering state when no voltage is applied. It is to adjust.
• liquid crystal anti-glare mirrors are such that when a voltage is applied to a lump or granular material of liquid crystal, the liquid crystal changes from the distorted state as described above to a neatly aligned state.
• the polychromatic dye contained in a lump or granular material absorbs a large amount of light, it takes advantage of the fact that light absorption is minimized when the liquid crystal is well-aligned, and the light reflectance of the mirror is reduced. It is to adjust.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device which can be used in a wide temperature range including room temperature, is excellent in flexibility, response speed, response stability and reproducibility, and can be sufficiently put to practical use, and its production. To provide a way.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a variable traffic sign that is lightweight, inexpensive, thin, excellent in visibility and durability, and has a wide viewing angle.
• Another object of the present invention is to be able to arbitrarily convert between the light scattering state and the light transmitting state, and to maintain both the light scattering state and the light transmitting state for a long time without applying a voltage. Providing dimmable windows that can It is.
• Still another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror that can arbitrarily convert the reflectance of light of a mirror and can maintain any of the reflectance states for a long time without applying a voltage. To provide.
• a liquid crystal display device in which a mixed film containing a side chain type polymer liquid crystal and a low molecular liquid crystal is sandwiched between electrodes, at least one of which is transparent. It is a feature that the liquid crystal is a mixed liquid crystal containing at least two kinds of liquid crystals, and that the mixed film contains 0.05 to 1% by weight of the total amount thereof. Is provided.
• a solution in which a lateral polymer liquid crystal, at least two kinds of low molecular liquid crystals, and an electrolyte are dissolved is applied to one surface of the electrodes, and the solution is dried and solidified.
• a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device characterized in that after forming a mixed film containing a material, the other flute is deposited on the mixed film.
• a lateral liquid crystal liquid crystal, a mixture containing at least two kinds of low molecular liquid crystals, an electrolyte and a spacer is coated on one side of one transparent electrode film.
• the present invention also provides a method for producing a liquid crystal display element, characterized in that at least one roller is used to press-bond the other transparent film and the mixture from the side on which the mixture is applied.
• a smectic smectic or induced smectic having at least partially a reversible bistability (memory property) between a light transmitting state and a light scattering state.
• a modified traffic sign characterized by providing a liquid crystal display element portion made of a mixture of a high-molecular liquid crystal and a low-molecular liquid crystal, which is a liquid crystal phase, is provided.
• the present invention provides a variable traffic sign characterized by having a liquid crystal display purple part.
• a method for switching between a light scattering state and a light transmitting state there is provided a method for switching between a light scattering state and a light transmitting state.
• a liquid crystal element having reversible bistability is provided in at least a part of a transparent substrate, wherein the liquid crystal element includes a mixed film composed of a polymer liquid crystal and a low molecular liquid crystal.
• a light control window configured to be sandwiched between transparent base materials having three transparent electrodes.
• a liquid crystal device having reversible bistability between a light scattering state and a light transmitting state, particularly a polymer skeleton, via a flexible carbon skeleton or the like,
• a liquid crystal element provided with a mixed film composed of a side-wall-type high-molecular liquid crystal having a side wall in which a portion corresponding to a liquid crystal compound is bonded, and a usual low-molecular-weight liquid crystal material is provided at least at a part of the surface of the mirror body
• the provided liquid crystal anti-glare mirror is provided.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the variable traffic sign of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the variable traffic sign shown in FIG.
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.
• FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the light control window of the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the light control window of the present invention.
• FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of the present invention.
• the mixed film of the side polymerized liquid crystal and the low-molecular liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention contains at least two types of low-molecular liquid crystals, it can be operated in a wide temperature range.
• the low-molecular liquid crystal may include a low-molecular liquid crystal capable of replacing a side chain liquid crystal group in the high-molecular liquid crystal.
• a low-molecular liquid crystal that can replace the side liquid crystal group is selected by the following method.
• a system consisting of low-molecular liquid crystal (weight ratio of 4 1/5 /, 3/2 / 5s 2/3/5, 1/4/5) that does not substitute the Z side chain liquid crystal group Apply AC lk Hz, 90 V for 5 seconds.
• a low-molecular liquid crystal having the following structure can be selected.
• R is C . Alkyl group> and a low molecular weight liquid crystal having a self-structure, wherein one or both of the benzene rings is cyclohexane.
• various low-molecular liquid crystals single components and mixtures which are usually commercially available can be used.
• the polymer liquid crystal any of those exhibiting a smectic phase and those exhibiting a nematic phase can be used. If both the low-molecular liquid crystal and the low-molecular liquid crystal exhibit a nematic characteristic, it is necessary to select a mixed system in which a smectic phase is induced by mixing.
• the main polymer of the side-chain polymer liquid crystal and siloxane polymer, polyether polymer, polyethylene polymer and the like can be used.
• the part of the spacer connecting the side polymer liquid crystal main body and the mesogen group is not particularly limited, and an ethylene chain, a siloxane group, a polyether group, or the like can be used.
• the mesogen group is not particularly limited, and various mesogen groups that are usually used can be used.
• the ratio of the high-molecular liquid crystal Z and the low-molecular liquid crystal depends on the molecular structure of each liquid crystal, but is usually preferably 1/9 to 64 by weight. This is (4) If the ratio of the liquid crystal molecules is larger than the above range, the response speed becomes slow. If the ratio of the low molecular weight liquid crystals is larger than the above range, the light scattering becomes insufficient.
• the mixed film contains an electrolyte in a ratio of 0.005 to 1% by weight, and the ions resulting from the electrolyte can increase the response speed and change the transparent to white droplets reliably and with good reproducibility. Produces. Any of the above dissolving agents can be used as long as it dissolves in the coating solution. For example, the following general formula: R 1
• RRR 3 and R * are the same or different and each represents an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, brovir, isoprovir, butyl, pentyl, heptylsilyl group, and X represents F, Cl, Br, I, Cl ⁇ "
• the above three-dimensional solution may be used alone or as a mixture.
• various known dichroic dyes are blended in the mixed film. You can also.
• the spacer used in the manufacturing method according to the third aspect of the present invention those usually used for liquid crystal display elements can be used.
• the shape is a sphere or a rod, and the material is a resin. , Glass, silica, etc. can be used.
• a transparent support such as glass, plastic film [for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethersulfone (PES)], etc.
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PES polyethersulfone
• a conductive film such as (indium oxide) or S ⁇ is formed by vapor deposition or sputtering.
• a transparent conductive glass film used in ordinary liquid crystal display devices is also used.
• a liquid crystal display element is obtained by superimposing the other transparent film on this mixed film. There is no need to perform extra steps.
• the mixing ratio of each component contained in the coating liquid can be appropriately set according to the type of coating method for coating the coating liquid on the transparent electrode and the thickness of the formed mixed film.
• a conventionally known coating method such as a bar coating method, a spin coating method, a spray coating method, a CJ-la coating method and the like can be adopted.
• a mixture of the self-mixture and the spacer is applied to one side of one of the transparent electrodes, and the other one is used with one or two nozzles. Since the liquid crystal display element is obtained by pressing the transparent electrode on one side and the side coated with the mixture, there is no need to perform an extra step as compared with the conventional liquid crystal display element manufacturing method.
• the method of applying the mixture on one side of the transparent electrode is as follows: (1) Mix a spacer in a solution of high-molecular liquid crystal, low-molecular liquid crystal, and electrolyte dissolved in a solvent. A method of applying the solution to one side of the transparent electrode and drying to remove the solvent.
• Parts is “weight parts”.
• Example 3 As a high-molecular liquid crystal, 10 parts of poly (4-methoxy-4,4-hexyloxybenzoate methylsiloxane), and as a low-molecular liquid crystal that substitutes for the mesogen group on the high-molecular liquid crystal side, (4- ⁇ -butylbenzoic acid 4) A liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 15 parts of (11-year-old octyloxyf-t-ester) and 25 parts of ⁇ 63 (described above) were used as the low-molecular liquid crystal.
• Example 1 4-part (4-cyanophyl-4'-hexyloxy benzoate methylsiloxane) 14 parts, as a low-molecular liquid crystal that replaces the mesogen group on the high-molecular liquid crystal side (4- ⁇ -butylbenzoic acid 4'-mono) (Example 1) 14 parts, low-molecular liquid crystal ⁇ 31 LV (manufactured by Merck Japan, presumed to contain low-molecular liquid crystal of 7 or more components) 22 Examples except that 2 parts were used A liquid crystal display element was obtained in the same manner as in 1.
• Example 5 The same procedure as in Example 3 was carried out except that (4-n-pentylbenzoic acid 4'-n-benzylsiloxyfuunyl ester) was used as a low-molecular liquid crystal to replace the mesogen group on the side of the high-molecular liquid crystal. A display element was obtained.
• a liquid crystal display device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that (4-n-hexyloxybenzoic acid 4,1-n-pentylfuunylester) was used as a low-molecular liquid to replace the mesogen group on the side of the high-molecular liquid crystal. I got
• a liquid crystal display element was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that (4-1II-cyanobenzoic acid 4'-1n-pentylfunyl ester) was used as a low-molecular liquid crystal instead of the polymer liquid crystal side ⁇ mengen group.
• a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example i, except that 0.05 wt% of tetrabutylammonium bromide was used as a solution.
• Example 1 1 A liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.05% by weight of tetraethylammonium chloride was used as an electrolyte.
• a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no electrolyte was added.
• a liquid crystal display purple was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that poly (4-cyanofuyiru 4 'one-year-old butyloxy benzoate methyl siloxane) was used as the polymer liquid crystal.
• a liquid crystal display device was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer liquid crystal was poly (4-methoxyphenyl 4'-octyloxybenzo-methylmethyl-pi-xan).
• the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention is a liquid crystal display device comprising: a mixed film containing a lateral polymer liquid crystal and a low molecular liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of electrodes at least one of which is transparent; Since the electrolyte contains 0.005 to 1 part by weight of the total amount, it can be used in a wide temperature range including room temperature, and is excellent in response speed, stability and reproducibility.
• the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention can be manufactured without performing an extra step.
• the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention does not use a polarizing plate, and therefore has a high light use efficiency, and is particularly suitable for a reflection type and a projection type display.
• a description will be given of a variable traffic condition, a light window, and a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of the present invention.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a use state of the variable traffic information of the present invention.
• a liquid crystal display element unit 2 is provided in a part of a traffic sign 1 suspended from a ball 30.
• the liquid crystal display element section 2 is formed by superposing a liquid crystal display purple 4 and a mask 5 on a surface of a panel 3 serving as a traffic sign 1 so as to display necessary information. Have been.
• FIG. 3 is a plan view showing details of the liquid crystal display cable 4, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line X--X.
• the display electrode 7 and the wiring electrode 8 are provided on the upper surface of the lower substrate 6, and the counter electrode 10 is provided on the lower surface of the upper substrate 9.
• the liquid crystal layer 11 is sandwiched between the lower substrate 6 and the upper substrate 9.
• the end of the liquid crystal layer 11 is sealed with a sealing material 12.
• a display input pole 13 is attached to an extension of the lower base 6 protruding from the upper base 9.
• the lower base material 6 and the upper base material 9 include a transparent polyethylene terephthalate film and a polyether sulfone film, and the thickness is preferably about 50 to 200.
• Each of the electrodes 7, 8, and 10 is a thin film of about 0.01 to 0.1 m made of ⁇ ⁇ (indium tin oxide) or SnCU formed by vapor deposition, sputtering, coating, or the like.
• the following materials are preferably used as the optical material used for the liquid crystal display element 4 in the present invention.
• This is formed by casting a solution prepared by dissolving a matrix polymer and a liquid crystal material in a solvent on a support such as a transparent substrate (for example, the lower substrate 6 in FIG. 4) and drying. Film.
• a plate-like support (for example, the upper substrate 9 in FIG. 4) is overlaid on the polymer Z liquid crystal composite (Chemistry Letters pp813-816 (198 9)).
• This composite has a structure in which the pores of the matrix II molecules in a sponge structure are filled with liquid crystal. When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the pores are in a random state. It is scattered and opaque. Then, when a voltage is applied to the polymer / liquid crystal composite, ⁇ e> 0 [where s is a dielectric anisotropy, and the equation:
• the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in the ⁇ field direction by the electro-optic effect. Then, the incident light can pass through without being scattered, and ⁇ the molecule / liquid crystal composite is transformed into a transparent state.
• the solution dissolved in the solvent is applied to a rectangular support such as a transparent plate (the lower part described above). It is a film formed by casting and drying on a substrate 6).
• Another support (the upper substrate 9) is superimposed on the high-molecular liquid crystal low-molecular liquid crystal mixture (Chemistry Letters pp 8 17-8 20
• the liquid crystal display device using this mixture has a memory property of stably maintaining a light scattering state or a non-scattering state when a field is removed in the above-mentioned two-sided state.
• a solution containing a matrix polymer and a liquid crystal material or a liquid crystal liquid crystal is used.
• variable traffic sign 1 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 was created.
• the liquid crystal display element 4 attached to the traffic sign panel 3 is made of transparent polyethersulfone (pES) as the upper base material 9 and the lower base material 6, respectively.
• pES transparent polyethersulfone
• a film thickness: 1 ra was used.
• liquid crystal layer 11 As the liquid crystal layer 11, 30 parts (parts by weight, hereinafter the same) of a side-chain type polymer liquid crystal (poly (4-cyanofuunyl-14'-hexyloxybenzoatemethylsiloxane)) and a low-molecular liquid crystal (manufactured by Merck Japan Ltd.) "E63J)
• a mixed film (10 m thick) of 20 parts and a very small amount of tetramethylammonium bromide was formed by a bar coating method. 10 is a patterning of the transparent conductive film by etching. It is the thing which was done. Then, a voltage can be applied from an external driving device (not shown) to the liquid crystal present in a portion sandwiched between the display electrode 7 and the counter electrode 10 through the display input electrode 13.
• a mature hardening resin was used as the sealing material 12.
• a variable traffic sign was created in the same manner as in Example 15 except that a liquid crystal was used as a liquid crystal.
• a liquid crystal (methacrylic resin) and a liquid crystal (E63 manufactured by Merck) were used. .
• the obtained liquid crystal layer was in a cloudy state when no pressure was applied.
• an AC voltage 200 Hz: 30 V
• the display part to be displayed became transparent. As a result, a number could be displayed from the transparent part and the part that remained opaque without voltage being applied.
• variable traffic sign is provided with a liquid crystal display element part as a part thereof.
• the whole may be constituted by the liquid crystal display element part. .
• variable traffic sign of the present invention a reversible change between a light transmitting state and a light scattering state is achieved by using a mixture of a polymer liquid crystal and a low molecular liquid crystal or a compound of a polymer and a liquid crystal as a liquid crystal. Because of this, characters, symbols, graphics, etc. can be displayed on traffic signs by light scattering (or light transmission).
• the liquid crystal display element section in the present invention does not require a polarizing plate in a conventional TN mode liquid crystal display element, and is not limited to a viewing angle.
• a mixture of polymer liquid crystal and low molecular liquid crystal — — P92 Summary 11 The memory used has a memory property, so a voltage needs to be applied only when the display is refreshed, which is advantageous in terms of durability and the like.
• liquid crystal display element portion of the present invention is formed by sandwiching liquid crystal between appropriate transparent electrodes, and can have a thickness of about 1 mm or less.
• the structure when it is done is simple, and a lightweight and inexpensive variable traffic sign can be provided.
• a liquid crystal device composed of a liquid crystal mixture having a reversible bistability between a light transmitting state and a light scattering state is in a light scattering state by a direct current or a low frequency (for example, 100 Hz or less) alternating current, and has a ⁇ frequency (for example, 1 (0 0 Hz or more), the light transmissive state is reached, and even when no voltage is applied, the light diffuses.
• a direct current or a low frequency for example, 100 Hz or less
• a ⁇ frequency for example, 1 (0 0 Hz or more
• FIG. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views showing the light control window of the present invention.
• FIG. 5 shows a single layer
• FIG. 6 shows a laminate.
• this dimming window is composed of a polymer liquid crystal Z low-molecular liquid crystal mixed film 22 and a transparent substrate 24 (plastic film, plastic plate, (A glass plate or the like).
• Reference numeral 26 denotes a wiring for applying a voltage between the transparent electrodes 23 and 23, which is connected to a driving device (not shown).
• the wiring 26 is used only for changing the transmittance of the dimming window, and is normally removed from the transparent electrodes 23 and 23.
• High-molecular liquid crystal poly (4-Cyanfuunil 4'-hexyloxybenzoate methylsiloxane)] 30 parts (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), low-molecular liquid crystal (E63 manufactured by Merck Japan) 20 parts and Acetone / dichloroethane is 50/50 (heavy) (Amount ratio) to obtain a coating solution.
• This solution is applied to a transparent substrate with a transparent electrode (indium tin oxide (ITO) film) on the surface by a bar coating method, dried at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then with another transparent electrode.
• the light control window was obtained by overlapping the transparent substrates.
• the light transmission state (transmittance: 85%) was achieved in about 2 seconds, and this state was maintained even when no voltage was applied.
• the light transmittance was measured with a He-Ne laser beam (633iim).
• the light scattering state (transmittance 1.3%) was achieved in about 2.5 seconds, and this state was maintained even when no voltage was applied. Furthermore, the light transmittance could be arbitrarily adjusted in the range of 85 to 1.3% by adjusting the voltage application time.
• the compounding amount of the high-molecular liquid crystal [poly (4-methoxyphenyl 4'-l-hexyloxene benzoate methylsiloxane)] was 25 parts, A light control window was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the total amount of Sci was changed to 25 parts.
• an AC voltage of 60 V (1 kHz) is applied between the opposing electrodes of this dimming window, the light transmissive state (transmittance 84%) is achieved in about 1.8 seconds, and this state is maintained even when no voltage is applied.
• the light scattering state (transmittance 1.3%) was achieved in about 3.4 seconds, and this state was maintained even when no voltage was applied. Furthermore, the light transmittance could be arbitrarily adjusted within the range of 84 to 1.3% by adjusting the voltage application time.
• the light control window of the present invention is provided with a liquid crystal element having reversible bistability between the light scattering state and the light transmission state, so that ⁇ can be applied only when the light transmittance is changed. Therefore, even if the desired light transmittance is maintained for a long period of time, the power consumption is low and the effect is economical. You. Therefore, the light control window of the present invention is suitable for applications such as blinds and partitions.
• the liquid crystal element made of the above-mentioned liquid crystal mixture having reversible bistability can also be used for a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror.
• FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of the present invention.
• the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of this embodiment has transparent electrodes 32 and 32 formed on one surface.
• the high-molecular liquid crystal / low-molecular liquid crystal mixed film 31 the above-described mixed film composed of the lateral high-molecular liquid crystal and the ordinary low-molecular-weight liquid crystal material is used. It is to be noted that an appropriate amount of a dichroic dye can be added to the polymer liquid crystal / low molecular liquid crystal mixed film 31 in order to make the antiglare effect in a light scattering state more effective.
• the above polymer liquid crystal / low molecular liquid crystal Since the mixed film 31 contains a polymer liquid crystal, it has a self-supporting property without using a spacer or the like.However, if necessary, a spacer such as glass beads or resin particles is mixed. You can also.
• the transparent substrate 33 examples include a transparent plastic film plastic plate and a glass plate.
• a transparent electrode 32 formed on the surface of the transparent substrate 33 a thin film made of various conventionally known transparent conductive materials such as an ITO (indium tin oxide) film is used. be able to.
• a drive device 35 composed of a power source 35a and a switch 35b is connected between the two transparent electrodes 32,32.
• the driving device 35 is used to change the transmittance of the high-molecular liquid crystal / low-molecular liquid crystal mixed film 31.
• As the power source 35a a DC voltage and AC voltages of various frequencies are used. A variable frequency type which can occur is used.
• the liquid crystal element L composed of the polymer liquid crystal / low molecular liquid crystal mixed film 31, the transparent electrode 32 and the transparent substrate 33 is suitable for polymer liquid crystal and low molecular liquid crystal.
• the solution dissolved in the solvent is cast and coated on the surface of one of the transparent substrates 33 and dried to form a polymer liquid crystal / low molecular liquid crystal mixed film 1. It is manufactured by laminating the other transparent substrate 3 on a molecular liquid crystal mixed film (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-127494, Chem. Lett. PP 81 7-82 0 , 1989, etc.).
• the mirror body M an ordinary mirror in which a light reflecting film (not shown) is formed on the back surface of a transparent base material M1 such as glass is used.
• the adhesive layer 34 for adhering the liquid crystal element L and the mirror body M an adhesive suitable for bonding the above two, and which becomes transparent when cured or solidified and does not hinder the transmission of light is used.
• the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of the above configuration can be manufactured simply by using a normal mirror as the mirror body M and bonding the liquid crystal element to the surface with an adhesive, so that there is an advantage that manufacturing is easy. is there.
• the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of this embodiment is composed of a transparent base material 33 having a transparent electrode 32 formed on one surface and a mirror body M having a metal electrode 36 formed on the surface.
• the liquid crystal element L integrated with the mirror body M is formed by sandwiching the polymer liquid crystal Z and the low molecular liquid crystal mixed film 31.
• the metal electrode 36 also serves as a light reflecting film of the mirror body M.
• the metal electrode 36 and the mirror body M also serve as one electrode and the base material that sandwich the polymer liquid crystal / low molecular liquid crystal mixed film 31 and the metal electrode 36 Since it also serves as the light reflecting film of the mirror body M, the number of layers can be reduced and the configuration of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror can be simplified.
• the low-molecular liquid crystal / polymer liquid crystal mixed film 31 is a single layer in both of the above embodiments, a plurality of layers may be stacked to increase contrast.
• the mirror M is provided with a metal electrode 36 also serving as a light reflection film on the surface thereof.
• a metal electrode 36 also serving as a light reflection film on the surface thereof.
• 1-200111 It is also possible to use a mirror with a transparent electrode formed on the surface of a normal mirror with a light reflecting film formed on the back surface.
• High-molecular liquid crystal Poly (4-methoxyphenyl 4'-l-hexyloxybenzoxymethylsiloxane)] 15 parts by weight, low-molecular liquid crystal (E 63 manufactured by Merck Japan) 15 parts by weight, as a spacer 1.6 parts by weight of benzoguanamine orange-fat particles (particle diameter 7 ⁇ ) and a very small amount of tetraethylammonium hydroxide were dissolved in 160 parts by weight of dichloropentane to obtain a coating liquid.
• This coating solution is applied by a bar coating method on a transparent substrate provided with an ITO film as a transparent electrode on the surface, and dried at room temperature for 30 minutes to form a high molecular liquid crystal Z low molecular liquid crystal mixed film.
• a mirror body provided with a Cr electrode also serving as a light reflection film was superimposed, and the layer configuration shown in Fig. 8 was obtained.
• a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror in which the liquid crystal element L and the mirror body M were integrated was produced.
• a driving device 35 composed of a power source 35a of a variable frequency equation and a switch 35b is connected between the two electrodes of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror, as shown in FIG.
• an AC voltage 60 V
• the liquid crystal element enters a light transmitting state in about 1 second, and this state is maintained even when the voltage application is stopped.
• the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror is irradiated with light from a He—Ne laser (wavelength: 63.3 cm) as a light source, and the reflected light is received by a photoelectric tube.
• the light reflectance of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror was calculated from the irradiation light amount and the reflected light amount. As a result, it was 64% when the liquid crystal element was in the light transmitting state and 5% when the liquid crystal element was in the light scattering state.
• the reflectivity could be arbitrarily adjusted in the range of 64 to 5%.
• Example 2 1 Except that 0.3 parts by weight of a dichroic dye (S-334, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Co., Ltd.) was added to the above coating solution, a liquid crystal device having a layer structure shown in FIG. A liquid crystal anti-glare mirror in which L and mirror body M were integrated was fabricated.
• a dichroic dye S-334, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Co., Ltd.
• a driving device 35 composed of a power supply 35a of a variable frequency formula and a switch 35b is connected between both electrodes of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror, and an AC voltage (60V) having a frequency of 1 kHz is applied. Then, the liquid crystal element entered a light transmitting state in about 1 second, and this state was maintained even when the voltage application was stopped.
• the liquid crystal element entered a light scattering state in about 1 second, and this state was maintained even when the application of the voltage was stopped. Then, for the above liquid crystal anti-glare mirror, the light reflectance of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror was determined in the same manner as in Example 1, and it was 56% when the liquid crystal element was in the light transmitting state and in the light scattering state. Sometimes 8%.
• the reflectance can be increased to 56 to 8 % could be adjusted arbitrarily.
• the coating solution prepared in Example 20 above was applied by a bar coating method on a transparent substrate having a surface provided with an ITO film as a transparent electrode, dried at room temperature for 30 minutes, and dried at room temperature for 30 minutes. After forming the molecular liquid crystal mixed film, another transparent substrate with an ITO film was laminated on the surface of the mixed film to form a liquid crystal element.
• the above liquid crystal element was adhered to the surface of a mirror having a light reflection film on the back using an optical adhesive (trade name “Lens Bond” manufactured by Applied Photoelectric Laboratory), and then 7 CTC X The heat treatment was performed for 70 minutes to harden the adhesive, thereby producing a liquid crystal anti-glare mirror in which the liquid crystal element L and the mirror body M were laminated and integrated by the adhesive layer 34 with the layer configuration shown in FIG. did.
• an optical adhesive trade name “Lens Bond” manufactured by Applied Photoelectric Laboratory
• a driving device 35 composed of a power source 35a of a variable frequency formula and a switch 35b is connected between both electrodes of the anti-glare mirror of the liquid crystal as shown in FIG.
• an AC voltage 60 V
• the liquid crystal The device entered a light transmitting state, and this state was maintained even when the voltage application was stopped.
• the liquid crystal element When a DC voltage (60 V) was applied, the liquid crystal element was in a light scattering state in about 1 second, and this state was maintained even when the voltage application was stopped. Then, for the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror, the light reflectance of the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror was determined in the same manner as in Example 20. When the liquid crystal element was in the light transmitting state, it was 46%, and in the light scattering state, Sometimes 3%.
• the reflectivity could be adjusted arbitrarily in the range of 46 to 3%.
• the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of the present invention is provided with a liquid crystal element having irreversible bistability between a light scattering state and a light transmitting state, a voltage is applied only when the light transmittance is changed. The power consumption is low even when an arbitrary light transmittance is maintained for a long period of time. Therefore, the liquid crystal anti-glare mirror of the present invention is particularly suitable for a mirror mounted on a vehicle such as a rearview mirror.

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• 1992
  • 1992-02-05 CA CA002079801A patent/CA2079801C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-02-05 US US07/934,747 patent/US5331448A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-02-05 EP EP19920904414 patent/EP0523256A4/en not_active Ceased
  • 1992-02-05 WO PCT/JP1992/000111 patent/WO1992014185A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-02-05 AU AU12391/92A patent/AU653208B2/en not_active Ceased
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