Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
  • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
  • C02F3/22—Activated sludge processes using circulation pipes
  • C02F3/223—Activated sludge processes using circulation pipes using "air-lift"
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
  • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
  • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
  • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
  • C02F3/06—Aerobic processes using submerged filters
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
  • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

• the invention relates to a water treatment unit in a fish tank for intensive fish fattening with a flooded fixed bed reactor for microbiological water treatment, in particular nitrogen elimination, and a first gassing part arranged underneath, through which the oxygen-containing gas is supplied and water according to the mammoth pump effect in increasing flow tion is promoted by the fixed bed reactor.
• Such a water treatment unit is known from DE-PS 38 27 713.
• the supply of oxygen-containing gas through the gassing part located below the fixed bed reactor serves here to maintain the circulation flow inside the fish tank via the fixed bed reactor and to enrich the water with oxygen for the microbiological clarification and the breathing gas supply of the fish.
• a high gas volume flow is required, which can be achieved economically only with air, but not with pure oxygen.
• a high blower output must be installed, which, according to the natural gas mixture ratio of the air, is largely due to its nitrogen content and only to a small extent to the oxygen content.
• Aerobic microbiological nitrification in which ammonia formed by the decomposition of nitrogenous biological substances is oxidized to nitrate via nitrite, takes place optimally with an oxygen content of 3 to 5 mg per 1 water.
• good living conditions for the fish only exist when the oxygen content is at least 6 mg per 1 water.
• Such a high level of oxygen saturation is only possible if the dwell time is long to ensure water in the fixed bed reactor, which is not least for this reason has a considerable height. Since the air has to be pumped under the fixed bed reactor, its overall height is directly proportional to the fan power to be installed.
• DE-PS 38 27 713 provides an arrangement of the fixed bed reactor in a trench of the fish tank, which also serves as a sludge collecting channel. A mud clearer working in the trench passes under the fixed bed reactor and is therefore difficult to access in the event of malfunctions and for maintenance purposes.
• a water treatment unit of the type mentioned at the outset in that at least a second gassing part is arranged downstream of the fixed bed reactor, through which gas containing oxygen is supplied and the water is enriched with oxygen.
• the oxygen enrichment of the fish water at the second gassing part (s) is decoupled from the control of the oxygen-containing gas below the fixed bed reactor which serves to maintain the circulation flow and at the same time determines the oxygen content in the microbiological water treatment stage.
• the oxygen content of the fish water can be varied, and can be increased in the short term, particularly in feeding periods, without interfering with the water circulation and microbiological water treatment.
• the microbiological water treatment stage can be operated more efficiently than before with a lower oxygen content of the water and the overall height of the fixed bed reactor can be reduced.
• the blower output to be installed is correspondingly lower, and the water treatment unit can be operated in a fish tank which has a flat tank bottom at a depth which is oriented to the needs of the fish. This considerably reduces the construction effort.
• the presence of two gassing parts for the supply of oxygen-containing gas creates redundancy and increases operational safety, since in the event of malfunctions an adequate supply of oxygen to the fish is easier to guarantee.
• air is fed in at the first fumigation part below the fixed bed reactor. This is preferred for maintaining the circulation flow and setting a relatively low oxygen concentration in the microbiological water treatment stage from an economic point of view.
• the oxygen dissolved in the water can be concentrated by feeding in both air and pure oxygen. The latter is preferred in order to achieve the relatively high oxygen content desired for fish technology with little expenditure of energy.
• the second gassing part (s) is preferably located in a shaft through which the water flows.
• the second gassing part (s) can be vertically adjustable in the shaft. This opens up the possibility of influencing the composition of the gas dissolved in the water.
• the oxygen content of the water is primarily determined by the oxygen volume flow at the second fumigation part (s), ie the amount of oxygen released there per unit of time.
• Foreign gases released at the same time such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide, dissolve less in the water, the lower the second fumigation part is immersed therein, and are stripped from the water above the fumigation part. If necessary, the proportion of foreign gas can be varied by simply adjusting the height of the fumigation part in the shaft and surely avoiding over-saturation of the water with dissolved foreign gas, which is harmful to the health of the fish.
• the gassing part (s) can be inserted into the shaft from above and fully extended therefrom. This is preferred for maintenance purposes.
• the second fumigation part There is preferably one downstream of the fixed bed reactor upstream of the second gassing part (s). Degassing and coagulation zone and a sedimentation zone are provided. In the former, an effective coagulation of sludge into larger and heavier flakes is achieved which, together with other rapidly settling contaminants in the water, in particular feed residues, feces, bioras etc. entrained from the fixed bed reactor etc. in the sedimentation zone before the second fumigation (s) - Part (s) separated and kept away from the fish water. Since the additional oxygen consumption associated with the mud flakes is eliminated, the efficiency of the second fumigation part or the second fumigation parts is improved.
• the shaft containing the second gassing part (s) is preferably at the same level as the fixed bed reactor.
• Such a side-by-side arrangement of the fixed bed reactor and the shaft saves the overall height at the cost of the overall width. This is economic economically advantageous, since a low overall height of the water treatment unit keeps the blower output to be installed low and enables simplifications in the fish tank geometry.
• the water treatment unit can be installed in a relatively flat basin with a flat floor.
• the flow path of the water into the shaft from which flow flows from below includes a flow deflection area and downflow area following the fixed bed reactor, which can be effectively used as a degassing and coagulation zone.
• a preferred sedimentation zone is formed by a flow deflection area before entering the shaft from which the flow flows from below, where the flow is calmed down with gravity separation and / or a hydrocyclone-like solid separation.
• a flow-guiding orifice which preferably enlarges the sedimentation zone, and which improves the separation effect in the sedimentation zone can be arranged at the entrance to the shaft.
• the water treatment unit according to the invention can be installed in a fish tank in such a way that a fixed bed reactor flowed towards one side is located at the pool edge and a degassing and coagulation zone, a sedimentation zone and a shaft with at least a second gassing part are connected to the fixed bed reactor towards the middle of the tank. This construction is particularly suitable for small fish tanks and is preferred for simple operational monitoring and maintenance.
• the water treatment unit in the middle of a fish tank, with a degassing and coagulation zone, a sedimentation zone and a shaft with at least a second fumigation part on each side of the fixed bed reactor against which flow flows connect.
• This structure is particularly suitable for larger fish tanks. It is possible to operate the gassing parts in the two shafts differently and to regulate the oxygen content of the fish water in the pool halves divided by the water treatment unit independently of one another and, if desired, to set them differently.
• the fish tank can be divided into individual fish chambers by walls which preferably extend transversely to the main direction of the water treatment unit.
• the shaft is divided by corresponding walls into shaft sections, which lie opposite the fish chambers and each contain a second fumigation part.
• the fumigation parts in the shaft sections can be operated differently and the oxygen content of the fish water in the individual fish chambers can be regulated independently of one another and, if necessary, adjusted differently, for example to individually optimize the living conditions for different fish species with minimal energy requirements.
• the water treatment unit according to the invention can be installed in a trench of the fish tank. This arrangement of the low-construction water treatment unit in a trench, which is not or at least not necessarily designed as a sludge collecting channel, is recommended for very shallow fish tanks z. B. for the mast of bottom-dwelling fish.
• Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a fish tank with a flow on one side arranged on its transverse side
• Fig. 2 is a plan view of a variant of the fish tank
• FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a further fish basin with a centrally arranged flow on both sides
• the fish tank 10 shown in Fig. 1 is rectangular. It contains a water treatment unit 12 which extends along one of its transverse sides.
• the water treatment unit 12 is installed in a trench 14 of the fish tank 10, which slopes away from the flat bottom 18 of the fish tank 10 with an inclined wall 16 and has a flat trench bottom 20.
• the water treatment unit 12 includes a flooded fixed bed reactor 22 from below in the form of a cuboid block made up of a plurality of segments.
• the segments consist of drawn plastic film and enclose closed ascending flow paths between them, on which microorganisms causing nitrification are located.
• the fixed bed reactor 22 is installed in the fish tank 10 adjacent to the transverse side wall 24 of the fish tank 10 at a distance above the trench floor 20.
• a first gassing part 26 is arranged below the fixed bed reactor 22. Air is fed into the water through the gassing part 26 and the water enriched with atmospheric oxygen is conveyed through the fixed bed reactor 22 in ascending flow after the mammoth pump effect.
• the gassing part 26 is arranged at such a distance from the fixed bed reactor 22 that there is a mixing zone 30 therebetween for uniform mixing of air and water.
• the air feed is regulated in such a way that an optimal oxygen concentration is established for the microbiological degradation.
• the water above it flows in the direction away from the transverse side wall 24 of the fish tank 10 into a trough 34 which extends parallel to the fixed bed reactor 22 with a substantially rectangular plan.
• the flat bottom 36 of the tub 34 comes to lie approximately at the height of the first gassing part 26.
• the front wall 38 of the tub 34 facing away from the fixed bed reactor 22 is bevelled in the transition area to the tub bottom 36, so that it runs parallel to the inclined wall 16 of the trench 14.
• an inlet gap 42 for water from the fish basin 10 which passes through in the falling flow, and which flows under the trough 34 in order to get into the fixed bed reactor 22.
• the opening of the inlet gap 42 is through a grid 32, perforated sheet and the like which cannot be passed by the fish. covered.
• the trough 34 is divided into a falling flow zone 46 adjacent to the fixed bed reactor 22 and a shaft 48 through which the flow is ascending by a partition 44 which extends in the transverse direction and emerges from the water at the top.
• the partition 44 ends above the trough base 36. Its end forms a diaphragm 50 which is beveled in the direction of the shaft 48 and has a flow-guiding function.
• a second gassing part 52 is arranged in the shaft 48, with which an oxygen-containing gas, for example air, but preferably pure oxygen, is blown into the water in order to increase its oxygen content and optimal living conditions for those kept in the basin 10 To ensure fish.
• the height of the second gassing part 52 can be adjusted in the shaft 48 in order to influence the stripping of undissolved gas.
• the second gassing part 52 is pulled up out of the shaft 48.
• the operation of the second gassing part 52 is accompanied by an additional mammoth pump effect. Essentially, however, the circulation flow of water in the fish tank 10 is maintained by the air supply to the first gassing part 26.
• the oxygen-enriched water flows through a grid 62, perforated plate and the like, which the fish cannot pass. ⁇ .
• a grid 62 perforated plate and the like, which the fish cannot pass.
• the upper end of the shaft 48 forms an outgassing and water calming zone 54, in which the water is freed from undissolved gas and the water flow calms down. Both are important for the well-being of the fish.
• the fish tank 10 is divided by longitudinal walls 64 into fish chambers 66, which communicate with one another only via the common water treatment unit 12.
• the shaft 48 is divided by corresponding longitudinal walls 68 into shaft sections 70 which lie opposite the fish chambers 66 and each contain a second fumigation part 52.
• the second fumigation parts 52 are operated independently of one another, so that the oxygen content of the water in the fish chambers 66 is set differently leaves.
• 3 shows a fish basin 10 with a rectangular plan and a consistently flat bottom 56.
• a water treatment unit 58 is arranged in the middle of the fish basin 10 with extension in the transverse direction, which is flowed against from both sides.
• the water inlet gaps on both sides below the water treatment unit 58 are covered by grids 32, perforated plates or the like which cannot be passed by the fish and which can be opened for the occasional cleaning of the pool bottom 56 with a suction cleaner or the like.
• the water treatment unit 58 has a symmetrical structure, its half sides essentially corresponding to the water treatment unit 12 described above.
• the flow deflecting area and the upper part of the downflow area following the fixed bed reactor are designed as degassing and coagulation zone 72
• the flow deflecting area before entering the shaft 48 is designed as a sedimentation zone 74 in which coagulated sludge flakes and solid matter contaminants sediment.
• a sedimentation zone 72 In the sedimentation zone 72, a mud clearer, the clearing blade 60 of which is indicated, a suction clearer or the like.
• the solids separation and sludge removal described with reference to FIG. 3 can also be used for water treatment units 12 to which flow flows.
• a subdivision of the fish basin 10 into fish chambers 66, to which shaft sections 70 of the water treatment unit 12 with separate second gassing parts 52 are assigned, is equally possible in the variant with flow on one and both sides.
• the designations "longitudinal” and “transverse” for two directions perpendicular to one another are arbitrarily chosen and interchangeable in the above description.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
• Animal Husbandry (AREA)
• Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
• Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
• Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6424398

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (7)

Citations (7)

• 1991
  • 1991-02-05 DE DE4103402A patent/DE4103402C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1992
  • 1992-02-05 AT AT92101910T patent/ATE122204T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-02-05 DE DE59202104T patent/DE59202104D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-02-05 WO PCT/DE1992/000077 patent/WO1992013446A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1992-02-05 EP EP92101910A patent/EP0498397B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (7)

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