WO1992011946A1

WO1992011946A1 - Degreasing device for mass-produced items

Info

Publication number: WO1992011946A1
Application number: PCT/EP1992/000003
Authority: WO
Inventors: Erich Wagner
Original assignee: Erich Wagner
Priority date: 1991-01-09
Filing date: 1992-01-03
Publication date: 1992-07-23
Also published as: DK0571394T3; DE4100414C1; EP0571394A1; ATE135264T1; EP0571394B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a degreasing device for mass-produced items with a drum which can be rotated and driven about a vertical axis and has an upper loading aperture. The invention is designed to improve the degreasing process in such a way that it not only takes less time but entails lower material costs. This is achieved in that the casing (15) of the drum (14) is perforated (16), the drum (14) is surrounded by a stationary catching ring (25) having a peripheral groove (26) projecting inwards at the bottom and fitted with an outflow (28) and the drum (14) has a central aperture (18) in the base which can be closed by a raisable cover (19).

Description

- 1 -

Degreasing device for mass parts

description

The invention relates to a degreasing device for mass parts with a drum which can be rotated and driven about a vertical axis and which has a loading opening at the top for loading.

Bulk parts, especially metallic bulk parts, are greased with expensive drawing oils for pretreatment, especially for mechanical deformation, in order to enable easy sliding in the mold. After the pretreatment, this oil must be removed again in order to clean the parts and for further use or post-treatment, e.g. in the form of a lacquer. This degreasing has hitherto occurred in such a way that the parts are washed in a drum with a degreasing agent, such as a cold cleaner or a cleaner on a basic basis. After cleaning, a mixture of oil and degreasing agent is formed, which has to be disposed of in a costly manner. The oil used and the degreasing agent are practically lost for the user. Furthermore, the parts in baskets, sacks or the like. Protionswei se must be introduced into the drum and unloaded again after the degreasing process. This degreasing process is then followed by a drying process. The entire degreasing is somehow cumbersome and time-consuming, so that both the labor costs and the material costs are correspondingly high.

The object of the invention is therefore the degreasing process

REPLACEMENT LEAF to improve in such a way that it is not only shorter, but is also reduced in material costs.

This object is achieved by the invention by means of the features listed in the characterizing part of claim 1.

The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the perforated casing of the drum allows the oil to be thrown off the mass parts by a centrifugal process and can be passed to the outside. The high proportion of the oil extracted in this way from the parts is surprising. By introducing degreasing agent into the running drum, this also penetrates the parts lying against the casing of the drum due to the centrifugal force and cleans them of the residual oil still adhering. As a result of the arrangement of a stationary catch ring with drain, the oil can be collected and reused on its own. The oil can thus be returned to the production process immediately. The degreasing agent enriched with the oil is collected separately and can be reused several times until the oil content has reached a predetermined upper limit. The disposal of the degreasing agent has thus been reduced to a fraction of the previous one. The spinning off of the oil is not only much more intensive than _. the previously used immersion process, but in connection with the rinsing with degreasing agent forms two treatment phases which run automatically one after the other, so that the workload is considerably reduced, which means significant cost savings. The same applies to the at least partial direct reuse of the oil, which is associated with high costs. The metered addition of degreasing agent finally reduces its amount and thus reduces the amount of disposal to relieve the environment, while at the same time further costs are saved. Filtering removes the swarf from both the oil and the degreasing agent. Of course, after the drying phase, the parts can be preserved by spraying or injecting a preservative in order to protect their surface from corrosion. REPLACEMENT LEAF Further features are the subject of dependent claims.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. Show it:

1 shows a partially sectioned view of the degreasing device; 2 shows a partially sectioned side view of the degreasing device.

The degreasing device for mass parts, in particular made of metallic material, according to. 1 and 2 from a base frame 1, on which a preferably closed, consisting of profiles and wall parts machine housing 2 is built. Horizontal support elements 3 are attached to the profiles, which support a bearing ring 4 centrally. A bearing tube 5 projects through this and is rigidly connected to the bearing ring 4. A hollow shaft 6 is rotatably mounted inside in the bearing tube 5 in an upper bearing 7 and a lower bearing 8. At the lower end of the hollow shaft 6 protruding from the bearing tube 5, a drive wheel 9 and a brake wheel 10 are rotatably mounted. The upper end of the hollow shaft 6 carries a drive head 11 to which a plurality of radial support arms 12 are fastened which are arranged on the outside of the cone-shaped bottom 13 of a drum 14 in a rotationally fixed manner. The bottom 13 of the drum 14 is full-surface, whereas the zy1 i nderför-shaped casing 15 is provided with a perforation 16. The upper end of the casing 15 is shaped into an inwardly projecting collar 17 which surrounds the loading opening 52. In the bottom 13 zen trisch a circular opening 18 is provided, which can be closed by a correspondingly adapted cover 19. The latter is supported by an axis 20 projecting through the hollow shaft 6, which projects from the bottom of the hollow shaft 6 and extends right up to the base frame 1. Just below the axis 20 is a horizontal arm 21 which is attached to the piston rod of a Stel lzyl Indian 22. The latter is arranged on the support elements 3.

The drive wheel 9 is via a V-belt 23 or the like.

REPLACEMENT LEAF drive-connected to a motor 24 which is fastened to the machine housing 2. In contrast, the brake wheel 10 is wrapped by a brake band 34, which can be pulled against the brake wheel 10 by a setting cylinder 35 in order to brake the drum 14.

Coaxial to the drum 14 extends over the height of the casing 15 a fastening ring 25 attached to the machine housing 2, which has an inner circumferential groove 26 at the lower end and a horizontal and also inward bevel 27 at the upper end. The trough 26 is expediently placed somewhat obliquely in a manner not shown and is equipped at the lowest point with a drain 28 leading to the outside. Below the drum 14 there is provided a catch jacket 29 coaxially to the latter, the height of which corresponds to that of the jacket 15 of the drum 14 and which can be moved upwards into the annular distance between the drum 14 and the catch ring 25. An inwardly angled edge 30 is provided on the upper edge of the tether 29. At the lower edge there is an inward drainage channel 31, which is also arranged obliquely and has a drainage opening 32 at the lowest point. The latter is in the raised end position shown in phantom in FIG. 1 in connection with a drain pipe 33 leading to the outside.

The inner edge of the trough 31 is connected to an unloading ring 36, which in turn carries at its lower end a chute 37 sloping obliquely to one side. This includes with a collar 38, the bearing tube 5 so that it can be moved up and down along this. The outer end of the chute 37 ends at or in the vicinity of the machine housing 2, so that parts falling out get into a container or the like. A lifting cylinder attached to the bearing ring 4 is used to lift the chute 37 and thus also the unloading ring 36 and the catch casing 29 inder 39, which is supported on the chute 37 via a holder 40.

A filling funnel 41 arranged above the drum 14 serves to fill the parts, the lower opening of which can be closed by a slide 42. An actuating cylinder mounted on the machine housing 2 is used to actuate the slide 42. linder 43. The parts to be treated enter a channel 44 which can be closed by a flap 45 on the funnel side. The hopper 41 is expediently designed as a scale or connected to such a scale so that portions of the same size or which can be preset are always filled.

A compensating device can also be assigned to the part consisting of the catch jacket 29, the unloading ring 36 and the chute 37 in order to compensate for the weight. This consists of a cable pull 46, which is guided over rollers 47 mounted on the upper end of the machine housing 2 and is connected both to the catch jacket 29 and to an externally suspended balancing weight 48.

A container 49, which is equipped with a pump 50, is set up next to or in the vicinity of the machine housing 2. Its pressure side is connected to a pipeline 51, which ends above the loading opening 52 and is directed into the interior of the drum 14.

A pipe 53 directed into the interior of the drum 14 could also be provided in order to lead hot air into the drum 14 from a heating device in order to shorten the drying process. In order to generate or strengthen the passage of air, the support arms 12 for the drum 14 can be designed in the shape of a figure so that a draft of air downwards is created by the propeller effect. The machine housing 2 should therefore be designed to be essentially tight, so that the air mixed with degreasing agents can be discharged with little loss. If necessary, a suction fan can be provided for this. Before the outlet into the environment, a separator can also be arranged in order to separate air and degreasing agent and to use the degreasing agent thus obtained for further use or to release only unpolluted air to the environment. The parts can also be dried without heating, i.e. with cold. or room air are carried out, which is only thrown outwards due to the centrifugal force.

Finally, the drying phase can be followed by a preservation phase during which a preservative is introduced into the drum 14 in the manner described above. is sprayed or sprayed in to protect the surface of the parts until the next treatment or production phase.

The operation of the degreasing device is as follows: as soon as the predetermined amount of parts is in the filling funnel 41 after opening the flap 45, the flap 45 is closed and the slide 42 is pulled into the open position. The parts fall into the drum 14, which can stand still or expediently rotate at a moderate speed, so that the parts lie essentially uniformly on the casing 15. Then it is switched to maximum speed. As a result of the high centrifugal forces, a substantial part of the oil, namely up to 90%, is detached from the parts at this speed and flung outwards onto the catch ring 25. At this point it flows downwards and through the drain 28 to the outside, where it is collected, expediently after filtering to remove foreign bodies, in a container provided exclusively for the oil. Since the oil obtained in this first phase does not contain any foreign additives, it can be reused immediately.

In the following second treatment phase, the catching jacket 29 is raised to the upper end position. With this lifting movement generated by the setting cylinder 39, the unloading ring 36 and the chute 37 also move upward, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIGS. 1 and 2. Now the pump 50 is started and degreasing agent is sprayed or sprayed through the pipeline 51 from above into the still rotating drum 14. The liquid jet is laid out in such a way that the entire height of the parts abutting the casing 15 is detected. As a result of the centrifugal force, the degreasing agent penetrates the jacket of parts lying against the jacket 15, dissolves the oil still present and flows through the perforation 16 against the collecting jacket 29. The mixture of oil and degreasing agent then flows downwards and becomes the drainage channel 31 is collected in order to flow to the outside through the drainage opening 32 and the drainage pipe 33. There it is collected in its own container in order to disposal or reuse. This makes the degreasing agent very durable. It is also conceivable to connect the drain pipe 33 to the container 49 so that the degreasing agent is pumped around in a circulation process until a fixed oil content is found. The extracted degreasing agent is of course filtered out to remove foreign objects such as chips. The oil-enriched degreasing agent is pumped out, and the container 49, possibly after cleaning, is filled with pure degreasing agent.

This second treatment phase can be carried out in a single section or in several sections. After such a section has timed out, the speed is reduced or the drum 14 is stopped, so that the parts collapse onto the drum base 13. Then the speed is increased again and cleaner degreasing agent is injected or sprayed in from another container. If the mixture in the first container 49 is sufficiently enriched with oil, the mixture is pumped out and replaced by pure one. The second container 49 then takes the place of the first and the previous one takes the place of the last. Degreasing can be carried out continuously in this way, a high degree of cleaning being achieved.

This second phase is expediently followed by a third phase in which the parts are dried by cold or room air or hot air.

After the third phase has been completed, the fourth phase is unloading. For this purpose, the catch jacket 29 moves into the lower end position, in which the exit opening of the chute 37 is opposite an opening 54 in the machine housing 2. Then the Stel lzyl indder 22 is activated and by means of the arm 21, the axis 20 is pushed upward, so that the lid 19 is lifted out of the opening 18, as shown in Fig. 2. The speed of the drum 14 is reduced so that the parts fall out of the drum 14 and through the unloading ring 36 onto the slide 37, where they slide outwards into a container set up there. Because certain subsets Containers with different weight levels can be automatically put together in this way. After unloading, the starting position is acc. 1 is taken up again and the next degreasing process begins again in the manner described.

A simplified design of the degreasing device is also conceivable. There is no catch jacket 29 in this case, and the unloading ring 36 can also be omitted. The slide 37 is fixed in its lower end position, the unloading position, in a stationary manner. After the parts have been filled in, the rotary movement of the drum 14 is switched on in the manner described in the first treatment phase and the spun-out oil is collected in a container. In the now following second treatment phase, degreasing agent is injected, which also reaches the catch ring 25 with the dissolved oil and flows out through the drain in order to be collected in a separate container. Here, too, a single section can be carried out, but several sections can also be moved in succession, the outflowing mixture being collected separately. The drying and unloading in the third and fourth treatment phases then takes place in the manner described above. Continuous operation is also possible in this embodiment.

The operating sequence of the degreasing device can be controlled by hand. However, an automatic control is expedient, so that a process that is independent of human hands is ensured. The degreasing device can thus be used in a production line, and depending on the type and design of the parts, a suitable program can also be preprogrammed, which is then called up at the given time. This functional sequence also saves on transportation, space requirements for possible temporary storage and also on operating personnel. If necessary, a packaging device can also be installed downstream, so that the parts are packed in portions and expediently provided with an address ready for dispatch from the production line. If the parts are not processed or reused for a long time, the surface can be protected from corrosion by spraying in a preservative. This preservation phase is then followed by the discharge phase.

Claims

Patent claims:

1. degreasing device for mass parts with a drum rotatable and drivable about a vertical axis, which has a loading opening for loading at the top, characterized in that the casing (15) of the drum (14) has a perforation (16) that the drum (14) is surrounded by a stationary catch ring (25), which has an inwardly projecting, circumferential and with a drain (28) provided channel (26) and that the drum (14) in the bottom (13) has a central opening ( 18) which can be closed by a cover (19) which can be raised.

2. degreasing device according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a coaxial from below between the drum (14) and the catch ring (25) movable catch jacket (29) with a in the raised end position with a drain pipe (33) connectable to the inside protruding trough (31) is provided.

3. degreasing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that below the drum (14) and ko¬ axially to this an unloading ring (36) is provided which is connected at its lower end to an outwardly leading chute (37).

4. degreasing device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the unloading ring (36) with the catch jacket (29) is fixedly connected. Degreasing device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drum (14) is rotatably mounted in a vertical bearing tube (5) by means of a hollow shaft (6) on which the drive device (9, 23, 24) is located below. is connected and through which an axially displaceable axis (20) is guided, to which the cover (19) is attached above and to which a lifting device (21, 22) engages at the bottom.

Degreasing device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the brake wheel (10) of a brake device (10, 34, 35) is mounted on the lower end of the hollow shaft (6) in addition to the drive wheel (9) of the drive device .

Degreasing device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that above the loading opening (52) of the drum (14) there is provided a filling funnel (41) which can be closed by a slide (42) and is designed for metering as a balance or is connected to one.

Degreasing device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a container (49) equipped with a pump (50) is provided, a pipe (51) being connected to the pump (50) on the pressure side, which ends above the loading opening (52) and is directed into it.

Degreasing device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a heating device is arranged in the container (49).

REPLACEMENT LEAF 10. degreasing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a lifting on the housing-side bearing ring (4) of the bearing tube for lifting the catch jacket (29), the unloading ring (36) and the slide (37) (5) attached Stel lzyl indder (39) is provided.

11. degreasing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that on the Fang¬ jacket (29) over above mounted deflection rollers (47) guided cables (46) counterweights (48) are connected.

12. degreasing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the drum (14) is connected to the hollow shaft (6) by a plurality of support arms (12) which act like propellers.

13. degreasing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that an air heater is provided, the hot air tube (53) of which is directed into the loading opening (52).

14. degreasing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by an essentially closed outer housing to which a suction device is connected, which is preferably assigned a separator from separating air and degreasing agent.

15. A process for degreasing mass parts by the degreasing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a part of the adhering oil is first spun off and collected by a single centrifugal process and then cleaning is carried out by adding a degreasing agent , the oil and degreasing agent mixture being collected separately from the pure oil.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the mass parts are loaded from above through the loading opening and are discharged through the closable opening (18) in the bottom (13) of the drum (14).

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that a drying phase is connected with a rotating drum after the cleaning phase, preferably by adding hot air.

18. The method according to claim 15 to 17, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the drying phase by spraying or injecting a preservative is followed by a surface preservation.

20. The method according to claims 15 to 18, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that cold or room air or hot air is used to dry the parts.