WO1992006878A1 - System for coupling a bogie and a road unit or container for conversion into a rail unit - Google Patents

System for coupling a bogie and a road unit or container for conversion into a rail unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992006878A1
WO1992006878A1 PCT/FR1991/000807 FR9100807W WO9206878A1 WO 1992006878 A1 WO1992006878 A1 WO 1992006878A1 FR 9100807 W FR9100807 W FR 9100807W WO 9206878 A1 WO9206878 A1 WO 9206878A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
centering
bogie
trailer
coupling
stud
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1991/000807
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Luc Andre
Jean Lienard
Original Assignee
Lohr Industrie
Sambre Et Meuse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lohr Industrie, Sambre Et Meuse filed Critical Lohr Industrie
Publication of WO1992006878A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992006878A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
    • B61D3/182—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers
    • B61D3/184—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers the heavy vehicles being of the trailer or semi-trailer type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/10—Articulated vehicles
    • B61D3/12—Articulated vehicles comprising running gear interconnected by loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/20—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for forwarding containers

Definitions

  • Coupling interface between a bogie and a road unit or a container for its conversion into a rail unit Coupling interface between a bogie and a road unit or a container for its conversion into a rail unit.
  • the present invention relates to a coupling interface between a bogie and a road unit or container with a view to their coupling-locking for the constitution of a rail unit.
  • a train is formed by mounting the road units or the containers on two successive bogies by external handling means or integrated lifting means.
  • This type of coupling has the advantage of not making systematic use of significant handling means such as cranes or gantry cranes which are not necessarily available at all freight stations.
  • the object of the present invention is to allow, by the same structures, indifferently a vertical coupling and a coupling by longitudinal translation while guaranteeing a minimum support sufficient for railway running.
  • the invention relates to an interface of rail-road coupling structures of a road unit, a swap body or a container on a bogie, characterized in that it consists of a cross-member bogie carrier and a transverse trailer end structure provided with complementary coupling and locking means comprising a pre-centering, a self-centering and a locking allowing indifferently coupling-locking by vertical movement or by translation longitudinal.
  • the self-centering means are produced in the form of two retractable studs with backlash and locking in driving in at a minimum projecting position by a driving lock.
  • the uncoupling is carried out by a lever extraction device actuated by a pneumatic bellows acting at the level of the head of the stud on the end of the lock control rod.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a train consisting of trailers carried by bogies; .
  • Figure 2 is a side view of a train consisting of containers carried by bogies; .
  • Figure 3 is a general perspective view of the transverse end structure and the bogie carrying cross member in the dissociated state; .
  • FIG. 4 is a general perspective view of the transverse end structure and of the bogie carrying crossmember in the coupled state;
  • Figure 5 is a detailed perspective view showing one of the locking means after locking and one of the extraction means before extraction; .
  • Figure 6 is a detailed perspective view showing one of the locking means before locking or after unlocking and one of the extraction means at the end of extraction;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a centering stud and its mechanisms associated with the raised state in normal position of rest or driving;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a centering stud and its mechanisms associated with the depressed state;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a centering stud and its associated mechanisms in the minimum safety exit position, control rod raised;
  • Figures from 10 to 13 are schematic sectional views showing a centering stud before and after taking up the clearance and the positions of the studs before and rear for the same container or for the same trailer;
  • Figures 14 to 17 are schematic sectional views of a coupling by longitudinal translation;
  • Figures 18 to 19 are schematic sectional views illustrating the uncoupling by longitudinal translation.
  • the present invention relates to various means used in cooperation, the association of which makes it possible to perform coupling-centering between a road unit or a swap body and a bogie with a view to its conversion into a rail unit.
  • the present invention relates to the field of the rapid conversion of a road unit into a rail unit with a view to the constitution of railway transport or delivery convoys.
  • the objective in this area is to convert a semi-trailer or trailer 1 or a container or swap body 2 as quickly as possible, using it as a connecting element between two successive bogies such as 3 and 4, as well as 'It is shown by way of illustration in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the present invention relates generally to a combination of means located on the one hand at the end of trailers 1 or containers 2 and on the other hand on and below the bearing surfaces 7 and 8 provided on the bogies 3 and 4.
  • the same means indifferently allow coupling by vertical displacement and coupling by longitudinal translation.
  • the trailer 1 or container 2 is equipped at each of its ends with a transverse connection or end structure such as 9 and 10, by which it will come to couple and then lock to the bogie 3 or 4 on one or other of its bearing surfaces 7 or 8.
  • This transverse structure of the trailer end link can also and as well be shaped in its chassis end cross member.
  • the inclined ramp shape of the transverse trailer end structure or a ramp complementary to the front edge of the bogie bearing surface or both simultaneously, can facilitate coupling by longitudinal translation.
  • the bogies each comprise two carrying crosspieces 11 and 12 on either side of a median transverse vertical plane.
  • These bogie carrying cross members each receive in support a transverse structure 9 or 10 of the trailer end. These are centered, coupled and locked together by the appropriate means described below. We will start with the means provided on the bogie carrying cross member 11 or 12.
  • pre-centering means 13 in the form of pre-centering brackets such as 14 and 15 defining at each opposite extreme corner of the bogie carrying crossmember two converging converging ramps as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the pre-centering brackets 14 and 15 are each formed of two edge pieces 16 and 17, respectively longitudinal and transverse, arranged perpendicular to each other along each corner concerned. These each comprise in the upper part an oblique entry ramp 18 and 19 directed towards the bogie carrying cross member.
  • each piece of longitudinal edge has a free end 20 of guidance shaped as a ramp, slightly at an angle, directed towards the outside of the bogie and downwards.
  • male parts 21 of a corner lock 22 with quarter-turn closure commonly called “twist loc", consisting of an axis pivoting 23 and an operating head 24 secured to the axis.
  • the head has an elongated shape and has two lateral flats 25 and 26.
  • These male parts 21 are intended to cooperate with female lock parts existing at the end of the transverse trailer structure for the purpose of vertical immobilization by locking.
  • the bogie carrying cross member 11 or 12 comprises, in addition to the pre-centering and locking means described above, self-centering means allowing the female latch parts of the transverse trailer end structure to come present themselves perfectly in front of the male latch parts for coupling.
  • the self-centering means are produced in the form of two centering studs such as 27 and 28 with an oblique end plane 29 present on each bogie crossmember.
  • the centering pads 27 and 28 used in the context of the invention are retractable, that is to say retractable between an extreme projecting position and an extreme recessed position. They also have a backlash function providing an automatic adjustment in the high projection position for the total and final positioning of the stud in the corresponding receiving structures.
  • the body of the centering studs 27 and 28 has a general conical or pyramidal external shape. It comprises two opposite inclined chamfers, intended to cooperate with complementary ramps for the purpose of erasing the studs, in the bogie cross member in the case of coupling by longitudinal translation.
  • the studs are slidably mounted in a housing 30 internal to the bogie made for this purpose. below the support surface.
  • the body of the studs has a head 31 which continues downwards through a base 32 followed by a cylindrical extension 33 of smaller section delimiting a peripheral shoulder 34 and, with the adjacent wall of the housing, an annular volume 35 occupied by a coaxial compression spring 36 provided to ensure the elastic force of return of the stud upwards.
  • This return spring is mounted between the bottom of the housing 30 and the shoulder 34.
  • Each centering stud slides along its housing 30 on the lateral surface of the base 32, thus ensuring its guidance during its outgoing and withdrawing movements.
  • each stud ends at the bottom by an annular end shaped externally in a bevel on its lateral surface.
  • the body has a cylindrical central longitudinal recess 37 in which is slidably mounted a latch control rod 38 having an upper end secured to a terminal piece 39 shaped like a mushroom and a lower end of larger diameter, with bulb 40, of cylindrical-conical shape with flat front end and conical ramp 41.
  • the body is continued downward by the extension of the cylindrical extension 33 which ends in a crown, delimiting an interior volume 42 receiving the bulb 40 from the end of the stem. command 38.
  • the control rod 38 is mounted indirectly in elastic return upwards by the effect of bringing together the lock parts described below on the conical ramp 41 of the bulb 40, forcing it into a high projecting position, position in which the bulb at the lower end of the control rod is housed in the interior volume 42 delimited by the lower end of the body of the stud.
  • a total anti-depression lock 43 is provided below the housing of each centering stud 27 and 28.
  • This blocking takes place at a driving-in distance determined by the dimensional construction characteristics. This distance corresponds, for example, to a depression of three quarters with respect to the fully extended position. This is a minimum extended position beyond which the continuation of the driving movement must be triggered by an action on the control rod of the lock. This safety position guarantees a minimum projection of the studs, useful in the case of vertical coupling.
  • the lowering action of the control rod 38 causes the opening of the total anti-penetration lock 43 by a movement of separation of the lateral fingers 44 and 45 of the lock following the conversion of the vertical movement of the rod on the conical ramps and at the bevel of the lateral fingers.
  • the centering stud can then sink even more because it can constitute a descent passage by pushing the fingers of the lock even more apart because of the bevel provided on the lower end of the body of the stud working by its descent in spacing fingers.
  • the stud can thus be erased up to the level of the bearing surface.
  • This total anti-sinking lock automatically returns to the closed position as soon as the stud rises beyond the minimum exit position from which it acts in blocking.
  • the return force in approaching the lateral fingers 44 and 45 of the total anti-depression lock 43 causes the elastic return towards the top of the control rod 38.
  • the trailer end crossmember can be integrated into the trailer chassis or replace it or be attached by juxtaposition on or against it.
  • longitudinal or vertical reception which are the female latch parts. These are in the form of open corners 49 and 50 provided for longitudinal or vertical engagement and locking in vertical movements after a quarter turn of the operating head 24 of the male lock pieces. These corners have a two-stage reception opening conformation 51 and 52. On the one hand for the reception of the pivoting axis 23 of the corner lock, it is a lower slot 53 and on the other hand for the control head, it is an upper slot 54.
  • the latter develops rearwardly according to a circular upper chamber 55 or quasi-circular with an inlet cross section 56 slightly greater than the smallest section of the control head, that is to say that of longitudinal presentation.
  • the axis being of the same dimensions in diameter as the width of the operating head 24, the latter will pass through the lower slot during the vertical engagement movement in the case of a coupling by vertical movement.
  • the upper stage has an open blocking support bottom 57 for the underside of the operating head of the corner lock. This has a longitudinal entry slit of width slightly greater than the section of the axis.
  • the height of the lower stage slightly exceeds the length of the axis so as to allow the lock to be closed by the pivoting movement of the head with a view to blocking the locking in vertical movements.
  • this blocking also provides additional longitudinal safety immobilization.
  • Each of these structures is in the form of a guide 60 or 61 followed by a receiving opening 62 or 63.
  • Each guide has an entry window 64 or 65 followed by a convergence ramp 66 or 67 inclined from top to bottom, making it possible to push the retractable centering studs 11 or 12 into their housing by sliding-pushing.
  • Each convergence ramp 66 or 67 is followed by a receiving opening 62 or 63 produced in the form of a sheath adapted to the shape of the stud in which comes up, in the extended position, the centering stud under the effect of the return force of the compression spring 36.
  • the sheaths being wearing parts are produced in the form of interchangeable parts lining each receiving opening. These affect, in the example described, a conical shape, open at the top, allowing the action of a release or extraction device in the form a rocker 70 or 71 with rocking part 72 or 73 actuated by a motor member 74 or 75, for example a pneumatic bellows 76 or 77, the inflation of which allows, thanks to the thrust action of the rocking part 72 or 73 on the end of the adjacent centering stud and on the end of the control rod 38 of the total anti-depression lock 43, the insertion of the latter into its housing and consequently, by a support reaction, the release of the structures for receiving the centering studs allowing the longitudinal release of uncoupling in the case of uncoupling by longitudinal translation (FIGS. 18 and 19).
  • the total anti-sinking lock 43 described above makes it possible to guarantee that the centering studs are immobilized with respect to the bogie carrying crossmember at a minimum safety output position. A separate action of unlocking on the rod turns out to be necessary for unlocking for continued insertion.
  • Another embodiment of the above safety device consists in triggering the braking of the train if the control rod 38 sinks beyond a certain stroke.
  • pneumatic contactors actuated by the control rod 38 and no longer by the trailer or the container. Another pneumatic contactor will prevent any pressurization of the brake lines until the twist locks are in the closed position.
  • tilt lock The trailer is brought, by external lifting means such as gantry or crane, in a position allowing vertical coupling.
  • the receiving openings of the transverse end structure 9 or 10 of the trailer are located approximately but as far as possible vertically from the centering studs 11 and 12.
  • the chassis of the trailer is lowered until the ends of the transverse trailer structure come into contact with the end centering brackets.
  • the centering of the openings relative to the studs will not systematically allow to go back up immediately to the high position, but will remain stuck at any point in their travel located between the minimum projection position and the maximum exit position.
  • a vertical type coupling can also be carried out autonomously in the case of sufficient handling means integrated into the trailer. These must allow each of its ends to be lifted sufficiently and successively, for example by means of telescopic crutches or suspensions with pneumatic bellows with great debate. Using these means, the trailer chassis can be lifted sufficiently to proceed to a so-called vertical coupling identical to that described above.
  • the chassis of the trailer is lifted by external handling means or integrated handling means up to the height of the transverse bogie support.
  • the lifting height is such that the bogie bearing and trailer end surfaces come into correspondence in contact with one another, trailer end on bogie carrying crossmember.
  • inclined ramp shapes of the transverse trailer end structure or the bogie carrying cross member or both simultaneously can facilitate leveling.
  • the convergence ramps 66 and 67 of the guides 60 and 61 of the transverse structure trailer end points come into contact with each centering stud and with each control rod 38 of the total anti-depression lock 43 which is extended due to its upward return.
  • the dimensions and the inclination are such that each convergence ramp pushes in and the control rod of the total anti-depression lock and the body of the centering stud, thus releasing the latter in total depression.
  • the male lock pieces are fitted into the corners 49 and 50 and the centering studs 11 and 12 are housed in the receiving openings 62 and 63 by the succession of movements such that 'illustrated by Figures 14 to 17.
  • the centering studs 11 and 12 being retractable, they collapse as they progress along the convergence ramps of the guides until they occupy a position opposite the receiving openings, in which they are housed, under the effect of the upward recall constraint.
  • the male latch parts are entered by longitudinal translation into the corners thanks to the longitudinal centering provided by the windows 64 and 65 of the guides 60 and 61 and the pre-centering brackets 14 and 15.
  • the operating heads 24 of the longitudinally oriented corner locks are centrally located in the upper chamber. Just rotate them a quarter turn to get the lock.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

System for coupling a bogie and a road unit or container for conversion into a rail unit, characterized in that it consists of a bogie-carrying crossmember (11, 12) and a trailer-end transverse structure (9, 10) provided with additional precentering (13), locking and self-centering means comprising two retractable blocks (27, 28) for adjusting play and position. The latter are slightly projecting so that coupling is effected either by horizontal movement or by longitudinal translation. The present invention is of interest to bogie, railway or road vehicle builders.

Description

Interface d'accouplement entre un bogie et une unité routière ou un conteneur pour sa conversion en unité ferroviaire. Coupling interface between a bogie and a road unit or a container for its conversion into a rail unit.
La présente invention se rapporte à une interface d'accouplement entre un bogie et une unité routière ou conteneur en vue de leur accouplement- verrouillage pour la constitution d'une unité ferroviaire.The present invention relates to a coupling interface between a bogie and a road unit or container with a view to their coupling-locking for the constitution of a rail unit.
La possibilité de conversion rail-route pour une unité routière ou pour un conteneur s'est largement développée récemment et constitue un avantage supplémentaire important, voire indispensable, dans le domaine des transports.The possibility of converting rail to road for a road unit or for a container has developed considerably recently and constitutes an important, even indispensable, additional advantage in the field of transport.
On constitue un train en montant les unités routières ou les conteneurs sur deux bogies successifs par des moyens externes de manutention ou des moyens intégrés de levage.A train is formed by mounting the road units or the containers on two successive bogies by external handling means or integrated lifting means.
Il s'agit d'abord de l'accouplement par mouvement vertical dans lequel des moyens de levage du type grue sont utilisés pour amener l'unité routière jusqu'au dessus de chaque bogie, convenablement écartés l'un de l'autre.This is first of all the coupling by vertical movement in which crane-type lifting means are used to bring the road unit to the top of each bogie, suitably spaced from one another.
Disposés à la verticale des bogies, un simple mouvement d'abaissement permet de venir se prendre sur les structures complémentaires d'accouplement.Arranged vertically on the bogies, a simple lowering movement allows it to be caught on the complementary coupling structures.
Il existe par ailleurs l'accouplement par translation longitudinale selon lequel chaque extrémité du châssis est légèrement relevée l'une après l'autre par des moyens de levage intégrés pour venir s'encastrer après un mouvement d'abaissement dans des structures complémentaires d'accouplement prévues sur chaque bogie.There is also the coupling by longitudinal translation according to which each end of the chassis is slightly raised one after the other by integrated lifting means to be fitted after a lowering movement in complementary coupling structures provided on each bogie.
Ce type d'accouplement a l'avantage de ne pas faire appel systématiquement à des moyens importants de manutention tels que des grues ou portiques non forcément disponibles dans toutes les gares de marchandises. La présente invention a pour but de permettre, par les mêmes structures, indifféremment un accouplement vertical et un accouplement par translation longitudinale tout en garantissant un maintien minimal suffisant pour le roulage ferroviaire.This type of coupling has the advantage of not making systematic use of significant handling means such as cranes or gantry cranes which are not necessarily available at all freight stations. The object of the present invention is to allow, by the same structures, indifferently a vertical coupling and a coupling by longitudinal translation while guaranteeing a minimum support sufficient for railway running.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne une interface de structures d'accouplement rail-route d'une unité routière, d'une caisse mobile ou d'un conteneur sur un bogie, caractérisée en ce qu'elle se compose d'une traverse porteuse de bogie et d'une structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque pourvues de moyens complémentaires d'accouplement et de verrouillage comprenant un pré-centrage, un auto-centrage et un verrouillage permettant indifféremment 1'accouplement- verrouillage par mouvement vertical ou par translation longitudinale.To this end, the invention relates to an interface of rail-road coupling structures of a road unit, a swap body or a container on a bogie, characterized in that it consists of a cross-member bogie carrier and a transverse trailer end structure provided with complementary coupling and locking means comprising a pre-centering, a self-centering and a locking allowing indifferently coupling-locking by vertical movement or by translation longitudinal.
Plus particulièrement, les moyens d'auto- centrage sont réalisés sous la forme de deux plots rétractables à rattrapage de jeu et blocage en enfoncement à une position minimale en saillie par un verrou d'enfoncement.More particularly, the self-centering means are produced in the form of two retractable studs with backlash and locking in driving in at a minimum projecting position by a driving lock.
Selon une autre caractéristique, le désaccouplement s'effectue par un dispositif d'extraction à levier actionné par un soufflet pneumatique agissant au niveau de la tête du plot sur l'extrémité de la tige de commande du verrou.According to another characteristic, the uncoupling is carried out by a lever extraction device actuated by a pneumatic bellows acting at the level of the head of the stud on the end of the lock control rod.
Outre les possibilités d'accouplements multiples par mouvements verticaux ou longitudinaux, on peut citer les nombreux avantages suivants : . l'effort de traction passe intégralement par les plots de centrage ; . le blocage en enfoncement à une position minimale de sortie constitue une sécurité globale de grande importance ; . l'association des différents moyens de pré-centrage et d'auto-centrage procurent une grande fiabilité et une grande rapidité d'accouplement. Les caractéristiques techniques et d'autres avantages de l'invention sont consignés dans la description qui suit, effectuée à titre d'exemple non limitatif sur un mode d'exécution en référence aux dessins accompagnants dans lesquels :In addition to the possibilities of multiple couplings by vertical or longitudinal movements, the following advantages can be mentioned:. the tensile force passes entirely through the centering pads; . blocking when pushed in at a minimum exit position constitutes overall safety of great importance; . the combination of the various pre-centering and self-centering means provides high reliability and rapid coupling. The technical characteristics and other advantages of the invention are set out in the description which follows, given by way of nonlimiting example on an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
. la figure 1 est une vue de profil d'un train constitué de remorques portées par des bogies ; . la figure 2 est une vue de profil d'un train constitué de conteneurs portés par des bogies ; . la figure 3 est une vue générale en perspective de la structure transversale d'extrémité et de la traverse porteuse de bogie à l'état dissocié ; . la figure 4 est une vue générale en perspective de la structure transversale d'extrémité et de la traverse porteuse de bogie à l'état accouplé;. Figure 1 is a side view of a train consisting of trailers carried by bogies; . Figure 2 is a side view of a train consisting of containers carried by bogies; . Figure 3 is a general perspective view of the transverse end structure and the bogie carrying cross member in the dissociated state; . FIG. 4 is a general perspective view of the transverse end structure and of the bogie carrying crossmember in the coupled state;
. la figure 5 est une vue de détail en perspective montrant un des moyens de verrouillage après verrouillage et un des moyens d'extraction avant extraction ; . la figure 6 est une vue de détail en perspective montrant un des moyens de verrouillage avant verrouillage ou après déverrouillage et un des moyens d'extraction en fin d'extraction ; la figure 7 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un plot de centrage et de ses mécanismes associés à l'état relevé en position normale de repos ou de roulage ; la figure 8 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un plot de centrage et de ses mécanismes associés à l'état enfoncé; la figure 9 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un plot de centrage et de ses mécanismes associés en position de sortie minimale de sécurité, tige de commande relevée ; les figures de 10 à 13 sont des vues schématiques en coupe montrant un plot de centrage avant et après rattrapage du jeu et les positions des plots avant et arrière pour un même conteneur ou pour une même remorque ; . les figures de 14 à 17 sont des vues schématiques en coupe d'un accouplement par translation longitudinale ;. Figure 5 is a detailed perspective view showing one of the locking means after locking and one of the extraction means before extraction; . Figure 6 is a detailed perspective view showing one of the locking means before locking or after unlocking and one of the extraction means at the end of extraction; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a centering stud and its mechanisms associated with the raised state in normal position of rest or driving; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a centering stud and its mechanisms associated with the depressed state; Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a centering stud and its associated mechanisms in the minimum safety exit position, control rod raised; Figures from 10 to 13 are schematic sectional views showing a centering stud before and after taking up the clearance and the positions of the studs before and rear for the same container or for the same trailer; . Figures 14 to 17 are schematic sectional views of a coupling by longitudinal translation;
. les figures de 18 à 19 sont des vues schématiques en coupe illustrant le désaccouplement par translation longitudinale.. Figures 18 to 19 are schematic sectional views illustrating the uncoupling by longitudinal translation.
La présente invention porte sur divers moyens utilisés en coopération dont l'association permet d'effectuer l'accouplement-centrage entre une unité routière ou une caisse mobile et un bogie en vue de sa conversion en une unité ferroviaire.The present invention relates to various means used in cooperation, the association of which makes it possible to perform coupling-centering between a road unit or a swap body and a bogie with a view to its conversion into a rail unit.
Pour des raisons de simplification, on appellera cette association de moyens "interface d'accouplement".For reasons of simplification, this combination of means will be called "coupling interface".
La présente invention concerne le domaine de la conversion rapide d'une unité routière en unité ferroviaire en vue de la constitution de convois ferroviaires de transport ou de livraison.The present invention relates to the field of the rapid conversion of a road unit into a rail unit with a view to the constitution of railway transport or delivery convoys.
Dans ce domaine, l'objectif consiste à convertir le plus rapidement possible une semi-remorque ou remorque 1 ou un conteneur ou une caisse mobile 2, en l'utilisant comme élément de liaison entre deux bogies successifs tels que 3 et 4, ainsi qu'il est représenté à titre illustratif sur les figures 1 et 2.The objective in this area is to convert a semi-trailer or trailer 1 or a container or swap body 2 as quickly as possible, using it as a connecting element between two successive bogies such as 3 and 4, as well as 'It is shown by way of illustration in Figures 1 and 2.
Sans intention de limitation, mais pour des raisons de simplification, on utilisera ci-après uniquement les termes de remorque et de conteneur. Selon cette configuration, les remorques ou les conteneurs reposent par leurs extrémités avant et arrière 5 et 6 sur des surfaces d'appui telles que 7 et 8 que les bogies 3 et 4 présentent en partie supérieure. La présente invention se rapporte de façon générale à une association de moyens se situant d'une part à l'extrémité des remorques 1 ou des conteneurs 2 et d'autre part sur et en-dessous des surfaces d'appui 7 et 8 prévues sur les bogies 3 et 4.Without intention of limitation, but for reasons of simplification, we will use below only the terms trailer and container. According to this configuration, the trailers or the containers rest by their front and rear ends 5 and 6 on bearing surfaces such as 7 and 8 that the bogies 3 and 4 have in the upper part. The present invention relates generally to a combination of means located on the one hand at the end of trailers 1 or containers 2 and on the other hand on and below the bearing surfaces 7 and 8 provided on the bogies 3 and 4.
Ces moyens coopèrent entre eux en vue de permettre des opérations faciles et rapides d'accouplement et d'assurer une liaison mécanique de grande sécurité entre le bogie et une remorque ou un conteneur.These means cooperate with one another in order to allow easy and rapid coupling operations and to ensure a high-security mechanical connection between the bogie and a trailer or a container.
De plus, selon l'invention, les mêmes moyens permettent indifféremment 1'accouplement par déplacement vertical et 1'accouplement par translation longitudinale.In addition, according to the invention, the same means indifferently allow coupling by vertical displacement and coupling by longitudinal translation.
On examinera maintenant globalement par ses moyens généraux la réalisation conforme à l'invention.We will now examine globally by its general means the embodiment according to the invention.
Selon l'invention, la remorque 1 ou conteneur 2 est équipée à chacune de ses extrémités d'une structure transversale de liaison ou d'extrémité telle que 9 et 10, par laquelle elle viendra s'accoupler puis se verrouiller au bogie 3 ou 4 sur l'une ou l'autre de ses surfaces d'appui 7 ou 8. Cette structure transversale de liaison d'extrémité de remorque peut également et aussi bien être conformée dans sa traverse d'extrémité de châssis.According to the invention, the trailer 1 or container 2 is equipped at each of its ends with a transverse connection or end structure such as 9 and 10, by which it will come to couple and then lock to the bogie 3 or 4 on one or other of its bearing surfaces 7 or 8. This transverse structure of the trailer end link can also and as well be shaped in its chassis end cross member.
La forme en rampe inclinée de la structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque ou en rampe complémentaire du bord frontal de la surface d'appui de bogie ou les deux simultanément, peuvent faciliter l'accouplement par translation longitudinale.The inclined ramp shape of the transverse trailer end structure or a ramp complementary to the front edge of the bogie bearing surface or both simultaneously, can facilitate coupling by longitudinal translation.
A cet effet, les bogies comportent chacun deux traverses porteuses 11 et 12 de part et d'autre d'un plan vertical transversal médian. Ces traverses porteuses de bogie reçoivent chacune en appui une structure transversale 9 ou 10 d'extrémité de remorque. Celles-ci sont centrées, accouplées et verrouillées entre elles par les moyens appropriés décrits ci-après. On commencera par les moyens prévus sur la traverse porteuse de bogie 11 ou 12.For this purpose, the bogies each comprise two carrying crosspieces 11 and 12 on either side of a median transverse vertical plane. These bogie carrying cross members each receive in support a transverse structure 9 or 10 of the trailer end. These are centered, coupled and locked together by the appropriate means described below. We will start with the means provided on the bogie carrying cross member 11 or 12.
Il s'agit d'abord à chacune de ses extrémités de moyens de pré-centrage 13 sous la forme d'équerres de pré-centrage telles que 14 et 15 définissant à chaque coin extrême opposé de la traverse porteuse de bogie deux rampes convergentes croisées ainsi qu'il ressort des figures 3 et 4.It is first at each of its ends pre-centering means 13 in the form of pre-centering brackets such as 14 and 15 defining at each opposite extreme corner of the bogie carrying crossmember two converging converging ramps as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
Les équerres de pré-centrage 14 et 15 sont formées chacune de deux pièces de bordure 16 et 17, respectivement longitudinale et transversale, disposées perpendiculaires entre elles le long de chaque coin concerné. Celles-ci comportent chacune en partie supérieure une rampe d'entrée oblique 18 et 19 dirigée vers la traverse porteuse de bogie.The pre-centering brackets 14 and 15 are each formed of two edge pieces 16 and 17, respectively longitudinal and transverse, arranged perpendicular to each other along each corner concerned. These each comprise in the upper part an oblique entry ramp 18 and 19 directed towards the bogie carrying cross member.
Afin de faciliter le centrage lors de l'engagement d'accouplement par translation longitudinale, chaque pièce de bordure longitudinale présente une extrémité libre 20 de guidage conformée en rampe, légèrement en biais, dirigée vers l'extérieur du bogie et vers le bas.In order to facilitate centering during the engagement of coupling by longitudinal translation, each piece of longitudinal edge has a free end 20 of guidance shaped as a ramp, slightly at an angle, directed towards the outside of the bogie and downwards.
Ces rampes guident les coins de la structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque ou d'extrémité de la base du conteneur.These ramps guide the corners of the transverse structure of the trailer end or the end of the base of the container.
Il s'agit ensuite, au voisinage de chacune des extrémités de la traverse porteuse de bogie 11 ou 12, de pièces mâles 21 d'un verrou 22 de coin à fermeture quart de tour appelé communément "twist loc ", constituées d'un axe pivotant 23 et d'une tête de manoeuvre 24 solidaire de l'axe. La tête affecte une forme allongée et présente deux méplats latéraux 25 et 26. Ces pièces mâles 21 sont destinées à coopérer avec des pièces femelles de verrou existant à l'extrémité de la structure transversale de remorque en vue de l'immobilisation verticale par verrouillage.Next, in the vicinity of each of the ends of the bogie carrying cross member 11 or 12, male parts 21 of a corner lock 22 with quarter-turn closure commonly called "twist loc", consisting of an axis pivoting 23 and an operating head 24 secured to the axis. The head has an elongated shape and has two lateral flats 25 and 26. These male parts 21 are intended to cooperate with female lock parts existing at the end of the transverse trailer structure for the purpose of vertical immobilization by locking.
La traverse porteuse de bogie 11 ou 12 comporte, en plus des moyens de pré-centrage et de verrouillage décrits ci-dessus, des moyens d'auto- centrage permettant aux pièces femelles de verrou de la structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque de venir se présenter parfaitement devant les pièces mâles de verrou en vue de l'accouplement.The bogie carrying cross member 11 or 12 comprises, in addition to the pre-centering and locking means described above, self-centering means allowing the female latch parts of the transverse trailer end structure to come present themselves perfectly in front of the male latch parts for coupling.
Les moyens d'auto-centrage sont réalisés sous la forme de deux plots de centrage tels que 27 et 28 à plan oblique d'extrémité 29 présents sur chaque traverse de bogie.The self-centering means are produced in the form of two centering studs such as 27 and 28 with an oblique end plane 29 present on each bogie crossmember.
Leur fonction générale est multiple. Il s'agit d'abord de garantir un auto¬ centrage suffisant pour permettre d'une part l'ajustement en accouplement et en fermeture des pièces complémentaires de verrou et d'autre part l'inter¬ centrage de la base de conteneur ou du châssis porté entre un bogie et le suivant.Their general function is multiple. Firstly, it is a question of ensuring sufficient self-centering to allow on the one hand the coupling and closing adjustment of the complementary lock pieces and on the other hand the centering of the container base or of the chassis carried between one bogie and the next.
Il s'agit ensuite de créer des structures de réaction qui assurent la transmission de l'effort de traction.It is then a question of creating reaction structures which ensure the transmission of the traction force.
Il s'agit encore d'assurer le rattrapage automatique du jeu lié aux tolérances de fabrication admises entre deux châssis de remorque ou de bases de conteneur de même type.It is also a question of ensuring the automatic adjustment of the clearance linked to the manufacturing tolerances allowed between two trailer chassis or container bases of the same type.
Les plots de centrage 27 et 28 utilisés dans le cadre de l'invention sont rétractables, c'est-à-dire escamotables entre une position extrême en saillie et une position extrême en retrait. Ils présentent également une fonction de rattrapage de jeu procurant un ajustement automatique en position de saillie haute pour la mise en place totale et définitive du plot dans les structures réceptrices correspondantes.The centering pads 27 and 28 used in the context of the invention are retractable, that is to say retractable between an extreme projecting position and an extreme recessed position. They also have a backlash function providing an automatic adjustment in the high projection position for the total and final positioning of the stud in the corresponding receiving structures.
Le corps des plots de centrage 27 et 28 affecte une forme générale extérieure conique ou pyramidale. Il comporte deux chanfreins opposés inclinés, destinés à coopérer avec des rampes complémentaires en vue de l'effacement des plots, dans la traverse de bogie dans le cas d'un accouplement par translation longitudinale.The body of the centering studs 27 and 28 has a general conical or pyramidal external shape. It comprises two opposite inclined chamfers, intended to cooperate with complementary ramps for the purpose of erasing the studs, in the bogie cross member in the case of coupling by longitudinal translation.
Les plots sont montés coulissants dans un logement 30 interne au bogie ménagé à cet effet en- dessous de la surface d'appui.The studs are slidably mounted in a housing 30 internal to the bogie made for this purpose. below the support surface.
Plus particulièrement, le corps des plots présente une tête 31 qui se poursuit vers le bas par une base 32 suivie d'une extension cylindrique 33 de plus faible section délimitant un épaulement périphérique 34 et, avec la paroi adjacente du logement, un volume annulaire 35 occupé par un ressort coaxial 36 de compression prévu pour assurer la force élastique de rappel du plot vers le haut. Ce ressort de rappel est monté entre le fond du logement 30 et 1'épaulement 34.More particularly, the body of the studs has a head 31 which continues downwards through a base 32 followed by a cylindrical extension 33 of smaller section delimiting a peripheral shoulder 34 and, with the adjacent wall of the housing, an annular volume 35 occupied by a coaxial compression spring 36 provided to ensure the elastic force of return of the stud upwards. This return spring is mounted between the bottom of the housing 30 and the shoulder 34.
Chaque plot de centrage coulisse le long de son logement 30 sur la surface latérale de la base 32, assurant ainsi son guidage lors de ses mouvements de sortie et de retrait.Each centering stud slides along its housing 30 on the lateral surface of the base 32, thus ensuring its guidance during its outgoing and withdrawing movements.
Comme on le verra ci-après, le rappel constant vers le haut et la valeur de l'angle de la rampe conique ou pyramidale extérieure du plot par rapport à celui de l'ouverture complémentaire dans laquelle il doit se loger permet de compenser les écarts dimensionnels de fabrication entre plusieurs châssis de remorque ou bases de conteneur de même type.As will be seen below, the constant return upwards and the value of the angle of the external conical or pyramidal ramp of the stud relative to that of the complementary opening in which it must be housed makes it possible to compensate for the deviations manufacturing dimensions between several trailer chassis or container bases of the same type.
Le corps de chaque plot se termine vers le bas par une extrémité annulaire conformée extérieurement en biseau sur sa surface latérale.The body of each stud ends at the bottom by an annular end shaped externally in a bevel on its lateral surface.
Le corps présente un évidement longitudinal central cylindrique 37 dans lequel est montée à coulissement une tige de commande 38 de verrou présentant une extrémité supérieure solidaire d'une pièce terminale 39 conformée en champignon et une extrémité inférieure de plus grand diamètre, à bulbe 40, de forme cylindrico-conique à extrémité à front plat et rampe conique 41.The body has a cylindrical central longitudinal recess 37 in which is slidably mounted a latch control rod 38 having an upper end secured to a terminal piece 39 shaped like a mushroom and a lower end of larger diameter, with bulb 40, of cylindrical-conical shape with flat front end and conical ramp 41.
Le corps se poursuit vers le bas par la prolongation de l'extension cylindrique 33 qui se termine en couronne, délimitant un volume intérieur 42 recevant le bulbe 40 de l'extrémité de la tige de commande 38.The body is continued downward by the extension of the cylindrical extension 33 which ends in a crown, delimiting an interior volume 42 receiving the bulb 40 from the end of the stem. command 38.
La tige de commande 38 est montée indirectement en rappel élastique vers le haut par l'effet de rapprochement des pièces de verrou décrit ci-après sur la rampe conique 41 du bulbe 40, la contraignant dans une position haute en saillie, position dans laquelle le bulbe d'extrémité inférieure de la tige de commande vient se loger dans le volume intérieur 42 délimité par 1'extrémité inférieure du corps du plot.The control rod 38 is mounted indirectly in elastic return upwards by the effect of bringing together the lock parts described below on the conical ramp 41 of the bulb 40, forcing it into a high projecting position, position in which the bulb at the lower end of the control rod is housed in the interior volume 42 delimited by the lower end of the body of the stud.
Un verrou anti-enfoncement total 43 est prévu en-dessous du logement de chaque plot de centrage 27 et 28.A total anti-depression lock 43 is provided below the housing of each centering stud 27 and 28.
Il se compose de deux doigts latéraux 44 et 45 de verrou à extrémité en biseau, montés en rappel élastique l'un vers l'autre, chacun par un ressort de rappel 46 et 47. Les extrémités des doigts latéraux délimitent entre elles, lorsqu'elles sont rapprochées, un espace 48 de profil en V à pointe dirigée vers le bas. La course de ces doigts est telle qu'en position rapprochée, les extrémités butent contre la rampe conique d'extrémité de la tige de commande (figures 7 et 9). Le verrou anti-enfoncement total 43 est fermé quand les doigts latéraux 44 et 45 sont rapprochés car le front de l'extrémité inférieure de l'extension cylindrique 33 du corps du plot bute contre la surface supérieure de chaque doigt latéral de verrou bloquant ainsi à un certain niveau le déplacement du corps vers le bas. Bien entendu, une version à un seul doigt latéral convient également.It consists of two lateral fingers 44 and 45 of a bevel end lock, mounted in elastic return towards one another, each by a return spring 46 and 47. The ends of the lateral fingers delimit between them, when they are close together, a space 48 of V-shaped profile with a point directed downwards. The stroke of these fingers is such that in the close position, the ends abut against the conical ramp at the end of the control rod (Figures 7 and 9). The total anti-depression lock 43 is closed when the lateral fingers 44 and 45 are brought close together because the front of the lower end of the cylindrical extension 33 of the body of the stud abuts against the upper surface of each lateral lock finger thus blocking a certain level moving the body down. Of course, a version with a single lateral finger is also suitable.
Ce blocage s'effectue à une distance d'enfoncement part-elle déterminée par les caractéristiques dimensionnelles de construction. Cette distance correspond, par exemple, à un enfoncement de trois quarts par rapport à la position totalement sortie. Il s'agit d'une position minimale sortie au- delà de laquelle la poursuite du mouvement d'enfoncement doit être déclenchée par une action sur la tige de commande du verrou. Cette position de sécurité garantit une saillie minimale des plots, utile dans le cas de l'accouplement vertical.This blocking takes place at a driving-in distance determined by the dimensional construction characteristics. This distance corresponds, for example, to a depression of three quarters with respect to the fully extended position. This is a minimum extended position beyond which the continuation of the driving movement must be triggered by an action on the control rod of the lock. This safety position guarantees a minimum projection of the studs, useful in the case of vertical coupling.
L'action de descente de la tige de commande 38 provoque l'ouverture du verrou anti- enfoncement total 43 par un mouvement d'écartement des doigts latéraux 44 et 45 de verrou consécutif à la conversion du mouvement vertical de la tige sur les rampes coniques et en biseau des doigts latéraux. Le plot de centrage peut alors s'enfoncer encore plus car il peut se constituer un passage de descente en poussant encore plus en écartement les doigts du verrou en raison du biseau prévu sur l'extrémité inférieure du corps du plot travaillant par sa descente en écartement des doigts.The lowering action of the control rod 38 causes the opening of the total anti-penetration lock 43 by a movement of separation of the lateral fingers 44 and 45 of the lock following the conversion of the vertical movement of the rod on the conical ramps and at the bevel of the lateral fingers. The centering stud can then sink even more because it can constitute a descent passage by pushing the fingers of the lock even more apart because of the bevel provided on the lower end of the body of the stud working by its descent in spacing fingers.
Le plot peut ainsi s'effacer jusqu'au niveau de la surface d'appui.The stud can thus be erased up to the level of the bearing surface.
Ce verrou anti-enfoncement total revient automatiquement en position fermée dès la remontée du plot au-delà de la position de sortie minimale à partir de laquelle il agit en blocage. La force de rappel en rapprochement des doigts latéraux 44 et 45 du verrou anti-enfoncement total 43 provoque le rappel élastique vers le haut de la tige de commande 38.This total anti-sinking lock automatically returns to the closed position as soon as the stud rises beyond the minimum exit position from which it acts in blocking. The return force in approaching the lateral fingers 44 and 45 of the total anti-depression lock 43 causes the elastic return towards the top of the control rod 38.
Si ce rappel s'avère insuffisant, un ressort coaxial à la tige peut toujours être envisagé.If this reminder proves to be insufficient, a spring coaxial with the rod can always be considered.
Les structures décrites ci-dessus coopèrent avec des structures complémentaires prévues sur la traverse d'extrémité de remorque.The structures described above cooperate with complementary structures provided on the trailer end crossmember.
Il convient de préciser ici que la traverse d'extrémité de remorque peut être intégrée au châssis de remorque ou se substituer à celle-ci ou être rapportée par juxtaposition sur ou contre celle-ci. On distingue tout d'abord à chacune des extrémités de la traverse 9 ou 10 d'extrémité de remorque des structures d'accouplement à réception longitudinale ou verticale qui sont les pièces femelles de verrou. Celles-ci se présentent sous la forme de coins ouverts 49 et 50 prévus pour un engagement longitudinal ou vertical et un verrouillage en mouvements verticaux après un quart de tour de la tête de manoeuvre 24 des pièces mâles de verrou. Ces coins présentent une conformation en ouverture de réception à deux étages 51 et 52. D'une part pour la réception de l'axe pivotant 23 du verrou de coin, il s'agit d'une fente inférieure 53 et d'autre part pour la tête de commande, il s'agit d'une fente supérieure 54. Cette dernière se développe vers l'arrière selon une chambre supérieure circulaire 55 ou quasi circulaire à section transversale d'entrée 56 légèrement supérieure à la section la plus faible de la tête de commande, c'est-à- dire celle de présentation longitudinale. Bien entendu, l'axe étant de mêmes dimensions en diamètre que la largeur de la tête de manoeuvre 24, celle-ci traversera la fente inférieure lors du mouvement vertical d'engagement dans le cas d'un accouplement par mouvement vertical. L'étage supérieur présente un fond ouvert d'appui de blocage 57 pour la sous-face de la tête de manoeuvre du verrou de coin. Celui-ci comporte une fente longitudinale d'entrée de largeur légèrement supérieure à la section de l'axe. La hauteur de l'étage inférieur dépasse légèrement la longueur de l'axe de manière à permettre la fermeture du verrou par le mouvement de pivotement de la tête en vue du blocage de verrouillage en mouvements verticaux.It should be specified here that the trailer end crossmember can be integrated into the trailer chassis or replace it or be attached by juxtaposition on or against it. We distinguish first of all at each end of the cross member 9 or 10 of the trailer end of the coupling structures with longitudinal or vertical reception which are the female latch parts. These are in the form of open corners 49 and 50 provided for longitudinal or vertical engagement and locking in vertical movements after a quarter turn of the operating head 24 of the male lock pieces. These corners have a two-stage reception opening conformation 51 and 52. On the one hand for the reception of the pivoting axis 23 of the corner lock, it is a lower slot 53 and on the other hand for the control head, it is an upper slot 54. The latter develops rearwardly according to a circular upper chamber 55 or quasi-circular with an inlet cross section 56 slightly greater than the smallest section of the control head, that is to say that of longitudinal presentation. Of course, the axis being of the same dimensions in diameter as the width of the operating head 24, the latter will pass through the lower slot during the vertical engagement movement in the case of a coupling by vertical movement. The upper stage has an open blocking support bottom 57 for the underside of the operating head of the corner lock. This has a longitudinal entry slit of width slightly greater than the section of the axis. The height of the lower stage slightly exceeds the length of the axis so as to allow the lock to be closed by the pivoting movement of the head with a view to blocking the locking in vertical movements.
On comprendra que le blocage est assuré après une simple rotation d'un quart de tour de la tête de manoeuvre de chaque élément de verrouillage, lorsqu'elle se trouve en position complètement entrée dans le coin.It will be understood that the blocking is ensured after a simple rotation of a quarter of a turn of the operating head of each locking element, when it is in the fully entered position. in the corner.
En raison de la forme de la chambre supérieure 55, ce blocage assure également une immobilisation longitudinale supplémentaire de sécurité.Due to the shape of the upper chamber 55, this blocking also provides additional longitudinal safety immobilization.
En ce qui concerne les structures complémentaires aux équerres de pré-centrage, celles-ci sont constituées par les corps des pièces femelles des verrous de coin 49 et 50 situées à l'extrémité de chaque traverse d'extrémité de remorque 9 ou 10.As regards the structures complementary to the pre-centering brackets, these consist of the bodies of the female parts of the corner locks 49 and 50 situated at the end of each trailer end cross member 9 or 10.
On examinera maintenant les structures d'accouplement proprement dites, adaptées à coopérer avec les plots de centrage 11 ou 12. Il s'agit de structures de réception venant se placer en regard des plots de centrage lors de l'accouplement. Ces structures sont intégrées dans deux blocs de reprise 58 et 59 destinés à coopérer avec les plots de centrage (figures 5 et 6).We will now examine the actual coupling structures, adapted to cooperate with the centering pads 11 or 12. These are receiving structures coming to be placed facing the centering pads during the coupling. These structures are integrated in two recovery blocks 58 and 59 intended to cooperate with the centering pads (Figures 5 and 6).
Chacune de ces structures se présente sous la forme d'un guide 60 ou 61 suivi d'une ouverture de réception 62 ou 63.Each of these structures is in the form of a guide 60 or 61 followed by a receiving opening 62 or 63.
Chaque guide comporte une fenêtre d'entrée 64 ou 65 suivie d'une rampe de convergence 66 ou 67 inclinée du haut vers le bas, permettant d'enfoncer par glissement-poussée les plots rétractables de centrage 11 ou 12 dans leur logement. Chaque rampe de convergence 66 ou 67 est suivie d'une ouverture de réception 62 ou 63 réalisée sous la forme d'un fourreau adapté à la forme du plot dans lequel vient remonter, en position sortie, le plot de centrage sous l'effet de la force de rappel du ressort de compression 36.Each guide has an entry window 64 or 65 followed by a convergence ramp 66 or 67 inclined from top to bottom, making it possible to push the retractable centering studs 11 or 12 into their housing by sliding-pushing. Each convergence ramp 66 or 67 is followed by a receiving opening 62 or 63 produced in the form of a sheath adapted to the shape of the stud in which comes up, in the extended position, the centering stud under the effect of the return force of the compression spring 36.
Les fourreaux étant des pièces d'usure sont réalisés sous la forme de pièces interchangeables garnissant chaque ouverture réceptrice. Celles-ci affectent, dans l'exemple décrit, une forme conique, ouverte en partie supérieure, permettant l'action d'un dispositif de dégagement ou d'extraction sous la forme d'un basculeur 70 ou 71 à pièce de basculement 72 ou 73 actionnée par un organe moteur 74 ou 75, par exemple un soufflet pneumatique 76 ou 77, dont le gonflage permet, grâce à l'action de poussée de la pièce de basculement 72 ou 73 sur l'extrémité du plot de centrage adjacent et sur l'extrémité de la tige de commande 38 du verrou anti-enfoncement total 43, l'enfoncement de celui-ci dans son logement et par conséquent, par réaction d'appui, le dégagement des structures de réception des plots de centrage permettant le dégagement longitudinal de désaccouplement dans le cas d'un désaccouplement par translation longitudinale (figures 18 et 19).The sheaths being wearing parts are produced in the form of interchangeable parts lining each receiving opening. These affect, in the example described, a conical shape, open at the top, allowing the action of a release or extraction device in the form a rocker 70 or 71 with rocking part 72 or 73 actuated by a motor member 74 or 75, for example a pneumatic bellows 76 or 77, the inflation of which allows, thanks to the thrust action of the rocking part 72 or 73 on the end of the adjacent centering stud and on the end of the control rod 38 of the total anti-depression lock 43, the insertion of the latter into its housing and consequently, by a support reaction, the release of the structures for receiving the centering studs allowing the longitudinal release of uncoupling in the case of uncoupling by longitudinal translation (FIGS. 18 and 19).
Le verrou anti-enfoncement total 43 précédemment décrit permet de garantir l'immobilisation en enfoncement des plots de centrage par rapport à la traverse porteuse de bogie à une position minimale sortie de sécurité. Une action distincte de déver¬ rouillage sur la tige s'avère nécessaire au déverrouillage pour la poursuite de l'enfoncement. Un autre mode de réalisation du dispositif de sécurité ci-dessus consiste à déclencher le freinage de la rame si la tige de commande 38 s'enfonce au-delà d'une certaine course.The total anti-sinking lock 43 described above makes it possible to guarantee that the centering studs are immobilized with respect to the bogie carrying crossmember at a minimum safety output position. A separate action of unlocking on the rod turns out to be necessary for unlocking for continued insertion. Another embodiment of the above safety device consists in triggering the braking of the train if the control rod 38 sinks beyond a certain stroke.
Cette alternative permettra en plus de ne mettre les conduites de freinage sous pression que si cette tige est dans une position dite de sécurité.This alternative will also make it possible to pressurize the brake lines only if this rod is in a so-called safety position.
Pour ce faire, on prévoit des contacteurs pneumatiques actionnés par la tige de commande 38 et non plus par la remorque ou le conteneur. Un autre contacteur pneumatique interdira toute mise en pression des conduites de freinage tant que les verrous "twist lock" ne seront pas en position fermée.To do this, there are provided pneumatic contactors actuated by the control rod 38 and no longer by the trailer or the container. Another pneumatic contactor will prevent any pressurization of the brake lines until the twist locks are in the closed position.
On décrira ci-après un accouplement par déplacement vertical (figures 10 à 13).A coupling by vertical displacement will be described below (Figures 10 to 13).
On procède d'abord à l'ouverture des verrous de coin dits "twist lock". La remorque est amenée, par des moyens de levage extérieurs tels que portique ou grue, dans une position permettant l'accouplement vertical.We first open the corner locks called "twist lock". The trailer is brought, by external lifting means such as gantry or crane, in a position allowing vertical coupling.
Dans cette position, les ouvertures réceptrices de la structures transversale d'extrémité 9 ou 10 de remorque se trouvent approximativement mais autant que possible à la verticale des plots de centrage 11 et 12.In this position, the receiving openings of the transverse end structure 9 or 10 of the trailer are located approximately but as far as possible vertically from the centering studs 11 and 12.
Le châssis de la remorque est abaissé jusqu'à ce que les extrémités de la structure transversale de remorque viennent en contact avec les équerres de pré¬ centrage d'extrémité.The chassis of the trailer is lowered until the ends of the transverse trailer structure come into contact with the end centering brackets.
Le premier mouvement de décalage de ceux-ci procure déjà un centrage grossier qui amène les ouver- tures de réception 62 et 63 en face des plots de centrage 11 et 12. Ceux-ci sont en saillie maximale en raison de l'effet de rappel du ressort de compression 36.The first offset movement of these already provides a rough centering which brings the receiving openings 62 and 63 in front of the centering pads 11 and 12. These are protruding as a maximum due to the return effect of compression spring 36.
Selon les dimensions exactes de la remorque à l'intérieur des tolérances de fabrication et donc de la distance réelle exacte existant entre deux ouvertures homologues entre deux structures transversales d'extrémité opposées de remorque, le centrage des ouvertures par rapport aux plots ne permettra pas systématiquement à ceux-ci de remonter immédiatement en position haute, mais resteront coincés à un endroit quelconque de leur course située entre la position de saillie minimale et la position de sortie maximale.According to the exact dimensions of the trailer within the manufacturing tolerances and therefore the exact actual distance existing between two homologous openings between two transverse structures at opposite ends of the trailer, the centering of the openings relative to the studs will not systematically allow to go back up immediately to the high position, but will remain stuck at any point in their travel located between the minimum projection position and the maximum exit position.
Ce défaut d'ajustement disparaîtra lors des premières secousses de roulage, freinage, accélération qui feront déplacer la remorque ou le conteneur par rapport aux deux bogies d'extrémités et permettront de centrer, progressivement mais totalement, après un certain temps de roulage, les plots par rapport aux ouvertures et ainsi de les faire remonter en position maximale haute en fond de l'ouverture de réception 62 ou 63 par l'effet du rappel élastique constant vers le haut.This defect in adjustment will disappear during the first jolts of driving, braking, acceleration which will move the trailer or the container with respect to the two end bogies and will allow the studs to be centered, gradually but completely, after a certain amount of driving time. relative to the openings and thus bring them up to the maximum high position at the bottom of the receiving opening 62 or 63 by the effect of the constant elastic return towards the high.
Cet ajustement progressif d'auto-centrage est procuré par le rappel élastique des plots vers le haut et les angles de frottement des surfaces en contact. Si nécessaire , pour les remorques seulement, on peut également procéder de façon autonome à un accouplement de type vertical dans le cas de moyens de manutention suffisants intégrés à la remorque. Ceux-ci doivent permettre de lever suffisamment et successivement chacune de ses extrémités, par exemple par l'intermédiaire de béquilles télescopiques ou de suspensions à soufflets pneumatiques à grand débat¬ tement. A l'aide de ces moyens, on peut lever suffisam¬ ment le châssis de remorque pour procéder à un accouplement dit vertical identique à celui décrit ci- dessus.This progressive self-centering adjustment is provided by the elastic return of the studs upwards and the friction angles of the contacting surfaces. If necessary, for trailers only, a vertical type coupling can also be carried out autonomously in the case of sufficient handling means integrated into the trailer. These must allow each of its ends to be lifted sufficiently and successively, for example by means of telescopic crutches or suspensions with pneumatic bellows with great debate. Using these means, the trailer chassis can be lifted sufficiently to proceed to a so-called vertical coupling identical to that described above.
On décrira maintenant un accouplement par translation longitudinale utilisé plus particulièrement dans le cas de remorques. La remorque ou le bogie est amené(e) à proxi¬ mité de l'extrémité correspondante jusqu'à quasi contact de la traverse porteuse de bogie avec la structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque.We will now describe a coupling by longitudinal translation used more particularly in the case of trailers. The trailer or the bogie is brought near the corresponding end until almost contact of the bogie carrying cross member with the transverse structure of the trailer end.
Le châssis de la remorque est levé par des moyens extérieurs de manutention ou des moyens intégrés de manutention jusqu'à la hauteur du support transversal de bogie. La hauteur de levage est telle que les surfaces d'appui de bogie et d'extrémité de remorque arrivent en correspondance en contact l'une sur l'autre, extrémité de remorque sur traverse porteuse de bogie.The chassis of the trailer is lifted by external handling means or integrated handling means up to the height of the transverse bogie support. The lifting height is such that the bogie bearing and trailer end surfaces come into correspondence in contact with one another, trailer end on bogie carrying crossmember.
A cet effet, des formes en rampes inclinées de la structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque ou de la traverse porteuse de bogie ou les deux simultanément, peuvent faciliter la mise à niveau.For this purpose, inclined ramp shapes of the transverse trailer end structure or the bogie carrying cross member or both simultaneously, can facilitate leveling.
A l'accostage, les rampes de convergence 66 et 67 des guides 60 et 61 de la structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque viennent en contact avec chaque plot de centrage et avec chaque tige de commande 38 du verrou anti-enfoncement total 43 qui est sortie en raison de son rappel vers le haut. Les dimensions et l'inclinaison sont telles que chaque rampe de convergence pousse en enfoncement et la tige de commande du verrou anti-enfoncement total et le corps du plot de centrage, libérant ainsi celui-ci en enfoncement total. Au cours de la translation longitudinale d'accouplement, les pièces mâles de verrou viennent s'encastrer dans les coins 49 et 50 et les plots de centrage 11 et 12 se loger dans les ouvertures de réception 62 et 63 par la succession de mouvements telle qu'illustrée par les figures de 14 à 17.Upon docking, the convergence ramps 66 and 67 of the guides 60 and 61 of the transverse structure trailer end points come into contact with each centering stud and with each control rod 38 of the total anti-depression lock 43 which is extended due to its upward return. The dimensions and the inclination are such that each convergence ramp pushes in and the control rod of the total anti-depression lock and the body of the centering stud, thus releasing the latter in total depression. During the longitudinal coupling translation, the male lock pieces are fitted into the corners 49 and 50 and the centering studs 11 and 12 are housed in the receiving openings 62 and 63 by the succession of movements such that 'illustrated by Figures 14 to 17.
Les plots de centrage 11 et 12 étant rétractables, ils s'affaissent au fur et à mesure de leur progression le long des rampes de convergence des guides jusqu'à occuper une position en face des ouvertures de réception, dans lesquelles ils viennent se loger, sous l'effet de la contrainte en rappel vers le haut. Pendant ce temps, les pièces mâles de verrou sont entrées par translation longitudinale dans les coins grâce au centrage longitudinal apporté par les fenêtres 64 et 65 des guides 60 et 61 et les équerres de pré-centrage 14 et 15. Les têtes de manoeuvre 24 des verrous de coins dirigées longitudinalement sont disposées en position centrale dans la chambre supérieure. Il suffit de les faire pivoter d'un quart de tour pour obtenir le verrouillage.The centering studs 11 and 12 being retractable, they collapse as they progress along the convergence ramps of the guides until they occupy a position opposite the receiving openings, in which they are housed, under the effect of the upward recall constraint. During this time, the male latch parts are entered by longitudinal translation into the corners thanks to the longitudinal centering provided by the windows 64 and 65 of the guides 60 and 61 and the pre-centering brackets 14 and 15. The operating heads 24 of the longitudinally oriented corner locks are centrally located in the upper chamber. Just rotate them a quarter turn to get the lock.
Concernant le désaccouplement, les manoeuvres s'avèrent approximativement inverses.Regarding uncoupling, the maneuvers are approximately reversed.
Pour un désaccouplement vertical, l'extraction s'effectue naturellement après libération des pièces des verrous de coin lors de la montée de la remorque ou caisse mobile suite au mouvement de traction vers le haut de l'engin de levage. Concernant un désaccouplement par translation longitudinale, prévu notamment pour les remorques, il s'effectue de façon générale comme suit et comme illustré par les figures 18 et 19. L'extrémité de chaque basculeur 70 ou 71 appuie dans un premier temps sur la tige de commande du verrou émergeant de la tête du plot en raison de son rappel vers le haut. Cet appui se poursuivant, déverrouille le verrou anti-enfoncement total 43 et permet 1'enfoncement complet de chaque plot de centrage dans son logement correspondant. Après libération des verrous de coin, le déplacement relatif du bogie par rapport à la structure transversale d'extrémité de remorque peut avoir lieu. Au cours de ce déplacement, les plots reprennent graduellement leur position sortie au fur et à mesure de 1'éloignement de la remorque du bogie par le mouvement de glissement-poussée vers le haut sur les rampes de convergence 66 et 67 jusqu'à libération totale en sortie de chaque plot de centrage. L'autre extrémité de la remorque est libérée de la même façon jusqu'à désaccouplement total.For vertical uncoupling, extraction takes place naturally after the parts are released from the corner locks when the trailer or swap body is mounted following the upward movement of the lifting device. Concerning uncoupling by longitudinal translation, provided in particular for trailers, it is generally carried out as follows and as illustrated by FIGS. 18 and 19. The end of each rocker 70 or 71 first presses on the rod of control of the bolt emerging from the head of the stud due to its upward return. This continuing support unlocks the total anti-sinking lock 43 and allows the complete sinking of each centering stud in its corresponding housing. After release of the corner locks, the relative movement of the bogie relative to the transverse trailer end structure can take place. During this movement, the studs gradually return to their extended position as the trailer moves away from the bogie by the sliding-pushing movement upwards on the convergence ramps 66 and 67 until complete release at the outlet of each centering stud. The other end of the trailer is released in the same way until completely uncoupled.
Bien entendu, d'autres variantes des méthodes d'accouplement et de désaccouplement exposées ci-dessus sont possibles sans sortir du cadre et de l'esprit de l'invention. Of course, other variants of the coupling and uncoupling methods described above are possible without departing from the scope and the spirit of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Interface d'accouplement entre un bogie et une unité routière ou un conteneur permettant sa conversion en unité ferroviaire par centrage- verrouillage du châssis de remorque ou de la base du conteneur sur une surface d'appui d'un bogie, caracté¬ risée en ce qu'elle se compose d'une traverse de bogie (11,12) et d'une structure transversale (9,10) de remorque ou de conteneur présentant l'association des moyens suivants: . moyens de pré-centrage (13) prévus à chaque extrémité de la traverse de bogie, . moyens de verrouillage prévus au voisinage des extré- mités de la traverse de bogie coopérant avec des pièces homologues situées sur la structure transver¬ sale de remorque (9,10), . moyens d'auto-centrage sous la forme de plots (27,28) rétractables en rappel élastique vers le haut, coopérant avec des ouvertures et des rampes de guidage situées sur la structure transversale de remorque pour enfoncer et guider ces plots jusqu'aux ouvertures dans lesquelles ils se logent, . moyens d'extraction ou de désengagement des plots de ces ouvertures.1. Coupling interface between a bogie and a road unit or a container allowing its conversion into a rail unit by centering and locking the trailer chassis or the base of the container on a bearing surface of a bogie, caracté¬ risée in that it consists of a bogie cross member (11,12) and a transverse structure (9,10) of trailer or container having the combination of the following means:. pre-centering means (13) provided at each end of the bogie cross member,. locking means provided in the vicinity of the ends of the bogie cross member cooperating with homologous parts located on the transver¬ dirty trailer structure (9,10),. self-centering means in the form of studs (27,28) retractable in elastic return upwards, cooperating with openings and guide ramps located on the transverse structure of the trailer to push and guide these studs to the openings in which they stay,. means for extracting or disengaging the studs from these openings.
2. Interface selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les plots (27,28) présentent un dispositif de sécurité (43) limitant l'enfoncement des plots à une valeur prédéterminée. 2. Interface according to claim 1, characterized in that the studs (27,28) have a safety device (43) limiting the penetration of the studs to a predetermined value.
3. Interface selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de sécurité est une tige longitudinale (38) intérieure au plot commandant un verrou limitant la course du plot vers le bas. 3. Interface according to claim 2, characterized in that the safety device is a longitudinal rod (38) inside the stud controlling a lock limiting the stroke of the stud downwards.
4. Interface selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de pré-centrage (13) sont des équerres de pré-centrage (14,15) solidarisées aux coins extrêmes opposés de chaque traverse de bogie (11,12).4. Interface according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-centering means (13) are pre-centering brackets (14,15) secured at the opposite extreme corners of each bogie crossmember (11,12).
5. Interface selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'accouplement coopèrent avec les plots de centrage (27,28) et en ce que les moyens de verrouillage sont des structures à réception verticale et longitudinale.5. Interface according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling means cooperate with the centering pads (27, 28) and in that the locking means are structures with vertical and longitudinal reception.
6. Interface selon les revendications 1 et 5, caractérisée en ce que les plots de centrage (27,28) sont rétractables.6. Interface according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the centering pads (27,28) are retractable.
7. Interface selon les revendications 1 et 5, caractérisée en ce que les plots de centrage (27,28) s'effacent par enfoncement dans le logement bas (30) situé en dessous du plan porteur du bogie. 7. Interface according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the centering pads (27,28) are erased by pressing into the bottom housing (30) located below the bearing plane of the bogie.
8. Interface selon les revendications 1 et 5, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de dégagement prend appui sur l'extrémité du plot de centrage pour le dégager de la structure de réception ou dégager celle- ci du plot. 8. Interface according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the release device bears on the end of the centering stud to disengage it from the receiving structure or disengage the latter from the stud.
9. Interface selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de dégagement est un basculeur (70 ou 71) actionné par un organe moteur (74 ou 75), ledit basculeur agissant par pression de l'une de ses extrémités libres sur la partie supérieure du plot de centrage adjacent (27 ou 28) en vue de son extraction de la structure de réception correspondante.9. Interface according to claim 8, characterized in that the release device is a rocker (70 or 71) actuated by a motor member (74 or 75), said rocker acting by pressure from one of its free ends on the upper part of the adjacent centering stud (27 or 28) for extraction from the corresponding receiving structure.
10. Interface d'accouplement selon les revendications précédentes prises dans leur ensemble, caractérisée en ce qu'elle présente en face de chaque plot de centrage (27,28) une fenêtre d'entrée (64,65) suivie d'une rampe inclinée (66,67) vers les structures de réception verticales pour l'engagement des plots de centrage (27,28) dans les structures de réception verticales. 10. Coupling interface according to the preceding claims taken as a whole, characterized in that it has opposite each centering stud (27,28) an input window (64,65) followed by an inclined ramp (66,67) to the vertical receiving structures for the engagement of the centering studs (27,28) in the vertical receiving structures.
PCT/FR1991/000807 1990-10-16 1991-10-16 System for coupling a bogie and a road unit or container for conversion into a rail unit WO1992006878A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR90/12932 1990-10-16
FR9012932A FR2667838B1 (en) 1990-10-16 1990-10-16 COUPLING INTERFACE BETWEEN A BOGIE AND A ROAD UNIT OR A CONTAINER FOR CONVERSION INTO A RAIL UNIT.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992006878A1 true WO1992006878A1 (en) 1992-04-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR1991/000807 WO1992006878A1 (en) 1990-10-16 1991-10-16 System for coupling a bogie and a road unit or container for conversion into a rail unit

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EP (1) EP0481904A1 (en)
CS (1) CS312991A3 (en)
FR (1) FR2667838B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992006878A1 (en)

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US8215240B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2012-07-10 Railrunner N.A., Inc. Bimodal container chassis
CN112208559A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-12 郑州铁路职业技术学院 Multi-purpose telescopic wagon for railway transportation

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DK0538648T3 (en) * 1991-10-19 1998-03-23 Preussag Ag Combined freight transport truck
FR2694913B1 (en) * 1992-08-20 1994-09-23 Lohr Ind Coupling assembly between two successive wagon structures and a common bogie.
DE10104005A1 (en) * 2001-01-31 2002-08-01 Werner Haag Method and low-floor vehicle for transporting road vehicles by rail
GB2420331B (en) * 2004-11-18 2008-03-19 Robert Malcolm Ord Intermodal trailer

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FR1368963A (en) * 1963-06-28 1964-08-07 Advanced semi-trailer for road and rail uses and devices for its adaptation
EP0241099A1 (en) * 1986-04-07 1987-10-14 B.V. Alpha Engineering Ingenieurs- en Projectenbureau Railway train, bogie, storage van and trailer
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EP0320420A1 (en) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-14 Bretco Vehicles and transport systems convertible into rail-cars, and bogies therefor
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8215240B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2012-07-10 Railrunner N.A., Inc. Bimodal container chassis
US8677907B2 (en) 2006-12-20 2014-03-25 Railrunner, N.A., Inc. Bimodal container chassis
CN112208559A (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-01-12 郑州铁路职业技术学院 Multi-purpose telescopic wagon for railway transportation
CN112208559B (en) * 2020-10-19 2021-08-27 郑州铁路职业技术学院 Multi-purpose telescopic wagon for railway transportation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CS312991A3 (en) 1992-05-13
FR2667838A1 (en) 1992-04-17
EP0481904A1 (en) 1992-04-22
FR2667838B1 (en) 1993-01-08

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