WO1992006422A1 - Method and device for the automatic regulation of a fluid flow rate in a fluid distribution network as a function of pressure variations - Google Patents

Method and device for the automatic regulation of a fluid flow rate in a fluid distribution network as a function of pressure variations Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992006422A1
WO1992006422A1 PCT/FR1991/000747 FR9100747W WO9206422A1 WO 1992006422 A1 WO1992006422 A1 WO 1992006422A1 FR 9100747 W FR9100747 W FR 9100747W WO 9206422 A1 WO9206422 A1 WO 9206422A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
enclosure
fluid
membrane
pressure
needle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR1991/000747
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Emerit
Geneviève EMERIT
Original Assignee
Michel Emerit
Emerit Genevieve
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michel Emerit, Emerit Genevieve filed Critical Michel Emerit
Publication of WO1992006422A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992006422A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D7/00—Control of flow
    • G05D7/03—Control of flow with auxiliary non-electric power

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for regulating the flow of fluid in a fluid distribution network, which may include one or more circuits each provided with means for adjusting the flow of fluid.
  • Each circuit has an inlet and an outlet, between which a difference in fluid pressure must be kept constant so that the flow circulating in this circuit is maintained at the setpoint value displayed.
  • the closing of one of the radiators leads to an unwanted increase, which therefore constitutes a significant drawback, in the emitting power of the other radiators, thus out of balance with respect to the value initially displayed.
  • the invention therefore aims to achieve a method and a device for, in a network of
  • REPLACEMENT SHEET closed fluid distribution, to automatically regulate the fluid flow in each circuit to its set value, whatever the variations in the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of this circuit.
  • the first member allowing the adjustment of the flow rate has a preset preset value
  • the second member cooperating with automatic self-regulation means capable of compensating for any variation in the difference in fluid pressure detected by the first member and energy is used driving the fluid, resulting from the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the device, to regulate its flow without external energy supply.
  • the device for implementing this method comprises, in accordance with the invention, arranged on a fluid conduit of the circuit, a first member for adjusting the fluid flow rate suitable for adjusting the flow rate to a preset value, and a second member adjustment, mobile, to create a variable pressure loss, self-regulation means associated with the movable member capable of automatically compensating for any variation in the difference in fluid pressure detected by the first adjustment member, in order to keep the flow rate of the circuit constant whatever the variations in pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet.
  • the system can only operate satisfactorily if the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the fluid is equal to or greater than the minimum value of the pressure loss of the device for the flow considered.
  • said self-regulating means comprise a first enclosure opening onto the second movable adjustment member and limited on the side of the latter by a flexible membrane equipped with an element capable of obtu ⁇ ring the fluid conduit when the pressure in said enclosure is sufficient, a second enclosure communicating with the first and containing a flexible mem ⁇ brane provided with a rod passing through the passage between the two speakers, the end of this rod carrying a needle capable of closing a bypass connecting the first enclosure to the fluid inlet, and the second enclosure contains a spring acting on the membrane to maintain the needle in its position for closing the bypass, when the pressure difference of the fluid remains constant, and to gradually bring the membrane and its stem back to this position after opening of the said bypass and retraction of the membrane consecutive to a variation in pressure difference, and finally the two compartments of said second enclosure delimited by the membrane are connected by respective pipes to the fluid conduit between the two adjustment members and to the outlet.
  • the self-regulation means comprise a first enclosure opening onto the second mobile adjustment member, and limited on the latter side by a flexible membrane equipped with an element capable of closing said second adjusting member when the pressure in said enclosure is sufficient, a second enclosure communicating with the first and containing a flexible membrane provided with a rod passing through the passage between the two enclosures, the end of this rod carrying a needle capable of blocking a bypass connecting the first enclosure to the outlet of fluid, and the second enclosure contains a spring acting on the membrane to maintain the needle in its position of non-obturation of the bypass, when the pressure difference of the fluid remains constant, and to gradually bring the membrane and its rod towards this position of non-closure after closure of said bypass and retreat of the membrane following a variation in pressure difference, and finally the two compartments delimited in the second enclosure by the membrane are connected by pipes, on the one hand to the fluid conduit between the two adjustment members, and on the other hand at the fluid inlet.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the automatic device for regulating the fluid flow in a circuit of a fluid distribution network, according to the invention.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams similar to Fig.1 of two other embodiments of the device according to the invention.
  • the fluid circuit represented in FIG. 1 is one of those of a distribution network comprising a set of such circuits, for example industrial circuits of hot or cold fluid, or central heating circuits.
  • This circuit comprises a main fluid duct 1 and, arranged between a fluid inlet A and a fluid outlet C from this duct, the device for automatically regulating the flow rate of the fluid in the duct 1.
  • This device comprises a first member 2 for adjusting the fluid flow rate, suitable for adjusting this flow rate to a preset preset value, and a second adjustment member 3, making it possible to create a variable pressure loss between the inlet A and a point B intermediate between the adjusting members 2 and 3.
  • the adjusting member 3 is made to create, by means of a throttle 7, a loss of pressure sufficient to allow the fixed adjusting member 2 to maintain the predetermined constant circulation rate, thanks to a pressure difference kept constant between points B and C.
  • the means of automatic self-regulation of this device comprise a first enclosure 4 opening on the adjusting member m obile 3 and limited on the latter side by a flexible membrane 5 equipped with a needle 6 which can more or less seal the throttle 7 of the adjustment member 3, when the fluid pressure in the enclosure 4 is sufficient.
  • the device comprises a second enclosure 8 communicating with the enclosure 4 by a throttle 9, of a partition 11 of separation.
  • the enclosure 8 contains a flexible membrane 12 fixed on its periphery to the wall of the enclosure 8, thus divided into two compartments 8a and 8b.
  • the membrane 12 is provided with an axial rod 13 passing through the passage 9, and the end of which carries a needle 14 capable of closing a bypass 15 connecting the enclosure 4 to the fluid inlet A.
  • the rod 13 carries a second needle 16 positioned so as to be able to close the annular passage 9 around the rod 13 when the membrane 12 moves back with respect to this constriction 9.
  • the compartment 8a contains a spring 17, for example helical bearing on the bottom of the enclosure 8 and acting on the membrane 12 so as to exert on it a restoring force tending to normally maintain the needle 14 in its position for closing the bypass 15 when the difference in fluid pressure between the inlet A and the output C remains constant, and equal to the minimum pressure drop of the device for the flow considered.
  • the needle 16 is correlatively placed so as to leave the throttle 9 open in this case.
  • the spring 17 is adjusted by means of a suitable member, for example a setting screw 18, and the enclosure 8 is connected by pipes 19, 21 to the duct 1, in which they open respectively at the outlet C and at intermediate point B.
  • the pipe 19 connects compartment 8a of the enclosure 8 containing the return spring 17 to the outlet C, while the pipe 21 connects point B to compartment 8b containing the rod 13.
  • L 'fixed adjustment member 2, known per se, comprises a screw 2a carrying a needle 2b capable of partially or completely closing a throttle 22 inside the duct 1.
  • the fluid circulating in the direction of the arrows F1 and F2 from the inlet A to the outlet C, the adjustment of the needle 2b by the screw 2a is carried out to obtain a determined flow rate at the outlet C, in the duct 1, for a pressure loss remaining constant between B and C.
  • the pressure taps at B and C are transmitted by pipes 21 and 19 to compartment 8a on the one hand, to compartment 8b and to enclosure 4, on the other hand and therefore have a constant differential value.
  • the spring 17 keeps the membrane 12 in equilibrium, the value of its restoring force being adjusted to compensate for this pressure difference between, on the one hand the compartment 8a, and on the other hand the compartment 8b of the enclosure 8 and l enclosure 4.
  • the pressure in enclosure 4 is such that the flexible membrane 5 maintains its needle 6 in a position leaving the constriction open.
  • the passage 9 allows the sliding of the guide rod 13 without any other flow of fluid around this rod than a flow making it possible to equalize the pressure in the enclosure 4 and the compartment 8b, when the needle 14 closes the outlet of the bypass 15.
  • the equality of the pressures in the compartment 8b and in the enclosure 4 implies equal pressure on each of the faces of the membrane 5, which is therefore in equilibrium and keeps the throttle 7 completely open.
  • the minimum pressure loss of the device from A to C is equal to the constant pressure loss from B to C, increased by the pressure loss from A to B.
  • the latter is variable with the flow, but minimum for the flow preselected on the adjusting member 2, the needle 6 of the adjusting member 3 being considered to be open to the maximum.
  • This new equilibrium therefore reduces the pressure in compartment 8b, which allows the spring 17 to return the membrane 12 to its initial position and cause the guide rod 13 to slide, with partial or total closure of the bypass 15 by the poin ⁇ sheet 14 and partial or total opening of passage 9 via needle 16, leaving only a slight defeat equal to the leak rate in the throttle 9.
  • This leak rate allows sufficient pressure to be maintained on the membrane 5 to maintain the necessary pressure drop in the adjusting member 3, so as to regain the constant pressure loss on the adjusting member 2.
  • FIG. 2 The second embodiment of the invention will now be described, illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the arrangement of the adjustment members 2 and 3 between the inlet A and the outlet C of the fluid is reversed, as is the arrangement of the constituent elements of the automatic regulation system of the pressure variation.
  • the fixed adjustment member 20 of the preselected flow rate is placed immediately downstream of the inlet A, while the second adjustment member 30 is arranged downstream, between points B and C.
  • the first enclosure 40 opens onto the movable adjustment member 30, which is constituted in a similar manner to the adjustment member 3, by a flexible membrane 50 provided with a needle 60 capable of closing a constriction 70 of the pipe 1.
  • a second enclosure 80 is divided into two compartments 80a and 80b by a flexible membrane 120 suitably fixed to the wall of the enclosure 8 in a manner known per se.
  • the compartment 80a communicates with the enclosure 40 by a throttle 90 traversed in a sliding manner by a guide rod 130, one end of which is fixed to the membrane 120, and which carries a first end needle 140 capable of closing the entry of a pipe 150 connecting the enclosure 40 to the outlet C.
  • the guide rod 130 carries a second needle 160 positioned so as to be able to close the passage 90 when the needle 140 leaves the inlet of the pipe 150 open.
  • the flexible membrane 120 is urged by a return spring 170 placed in the com ⁇ parta 80a.
  • the force of the spring 170 is adjusted so that the needle 140 is placed in its position of non-sealing of the pipe 150, and the closing of the throttle 90 when the difference in fluid pressure between A and C remains constant.
  • the pressure at B and in the compartment 80a increased by the force of the spring 170, then balances the upper pressure prevailing at A and in the compar ⁇ ment 80b.
  • the compartments 80a and 80b are respec ⁇ tively connected to the intermediate point B and to the inlet A by pipes 210 and 190.
  • the adjustment member 20 is constituted similarly to the corresponding member 2 of the previous embodiment (screws 20a, needle 20b, throttle 22).
  • the fluid pressure in the enclosure 40 changes from the outlet pressure at C to the pressure at B.
  • the membrane 50 is therefore co-primed, and this compression has the effect of closing the needle 60 on the constriction 70, until the pressure loss thus created is sufficient to recover the initial flow rate of the duct 1 provided, with the constant pressure loss from A to B.
  • This balance found then makes it possible to close the needle 160 on the annular passage 90 and to open the canali ⁇ tion 150, thanks to the increase in pressure in the compartment 80a.
  • the pressure in the enclosure 40 on the membrane 50 is sufficient to maintain, thanks to the needle 60, the necessary pressure drop in the adjusting member 30, so as to recover the fixed pressure loss of the adjusting member 20.
  • the fixed 200 and mobile 300 adjustment member are placed from upstream to downstream respectively between A and C, as in the embodiment of FIG. 2.
  • the means for automatic self-regulation of the outlet flow rate comprise a first enclosure 180 opening on the duct 1 between the two adjustment members 200 and 300, at the intermediate point B.
  • This enclosure 180 is closed on the side of the conduit 1 by a flexible membrane 181 carrying a guide rod 182 provided with a pair of pins 183, 184 distant from an appropriate spacing.
  • These needles are positioned so as to allow opening or closing a canali ⁇ sation 185 of connection between the first enclosure 180 and the fluid outlet C, depending on the pressure prevailing in the enclosure 180.
  • the needle terminal 184 is positioned in a room 186 of the pipe 185, delimiting a support seat for the needle 184.
  • the self-regulation system comprises a second enclosure 400 opening onto the mobile adjustment member 300 and more specifically closed by the flexible membrane 500 of the latter, provided with its needle 600 for closing the throttle 700, when the pressure in enclosure 400 is sufficient.
  • the enclosure 180 is connected to the enclosure 400 by a pipe 187 opening out between the chamber 186 and the enclosure 180, between the needles 183 and 184.
  • the needle 183 can close the entry of this pipe 187 while the needle 184 leaves free entry to the pipe 185, or vice versa, depending on the pressure prevailing in the enclosure 180.
  • the flexible membrane 181 is subjected to the action of a return spring 188 provided with a setting element 189 (screw).
  • the enclosure 180 is connected by a pipe 191 to the inlet A.
  • the fluid flow rate in the pipe 1 is preset to a value fixed using the member 200, and as long as the pressure difference between A and C remains constant, the system is in equilibrium, in the position shown in Fig. 3.
  • the needle 183 is held by the spring 188 in the closed position of the common inlet of the pipes 185 and 187; the needle 184 is moved away from its seat in the chamber 186, and the needle 600 leaves the passage 700 completely open, the pressures on either side of the membrane 500 being balanced.
  • the spring 188 again balances the pressure difference between the two faces of the membrane 181.
  • the needle 183 closes on the common inlet of the pipes 187 and 185, while the needle 184 leaves the passage open in the chamber 186.
  • the balance between the enclosure 400 and C is restored by the pipe 185, which also restores the pressure balance on the two faces of the membrane 500 , thus allowing the reopening of the passage 700 by raising the needle 600.
  • the invention is capable of receiving numerous variant embodiments. So it should note that in the embodiments of Fig. 1 and 2, the needles 16 and 160 are not essential. The fluid flow rate passing through the bypass 15 when the needle 14 is open is then greater than the leakage flow rate in the annular orifice 9. However, the needle 16 facilitates operation and ensures better reliability of the device according to the invention.
  • the screw 2a can be replaced by a tap handle, possibly graduated, making it possible to modify, at the request of the user, the set point of the flow admitted into the circuit.
  • the screw 2a can also be replaced by a thermostatic or other member, known per se and automatically adjusting the flow set point.

Abstract

The device is comprised of a first member (2) for regulating the fluid flow rate arranged to regulate the flow rate to a preselected value, and a second movable adjusting member (3) allowing to create a variable pressure loss, further comprising self-regulation means (4, 8, 12, 17, 5...) appropriate for compensating automatically any variations of the fluid pressure difference detected by the first regulation member in order to maintain constant the fluid flow rate through the device whatever the variation of pressure difference may be between the inlet and outlet. In such device, the driving energy of the fluid going through the adjusting members is used to regulate the fluid flow rate without requiring external energy, and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the circuit.

Description

Procédé et dispositif pour la régulation aut tatique du débit de fluide dans un réseau de distribution de fluide en fonction des variations de pression . Method and device for the automatic regulation of the fluid flow in a fluid distribution network as a function of pressure variations.
La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif pour réguler le débit de fluide dans un réseau de distribution de fluide, pouvant comprendre un ou plusieurs circuits pourvus chacun de moyens de réglage du débit de fluide.The present invention relates to a method and a device for regulating the flow of fluid in a fluid distribution network, which may include one or more circuits each provided with means for adjusting the flow of fluid.
Chaque circuit présente une entrée et une sortie, entre lesquelles une différence de pression de fluide doit être maintenue constante pour que le débit circulant dans ce circuit soit maintenu à la valeur de consigne affichée.Each circuit has an inlet and an outlet, between which a difference in fluid pressure must be kept constant so that the flow circulating in this circuit is maintained at the setpoint value displayed.
Or, si dans un tel réseau on ferme le robi¬ net d'alimentation de l'un des circuits, cela entraine une augmentation de la différence de pression entre les entrées et les sorties des autres circuits, donc des débits de fluide fournis par ces circuits. Cependant au total, en raison de l'accroissement des résistances à la circulation du fluide dans les conduites du réseau, la somme des nouveaux débits de fluide dans les circuits restés ouverts sera légè- rement inférieure à la somme des débits de fluide antérieurs à la fermeture de l'un des circuits. Il s'établira donc dans le réseau un nouvel équilibre correspondant aux nouveaux débits et à la nouvelle pression de fluide déterminés par les pertes de charge dans le réseau.However, if in such a network the feed robi¬ net of one of the circuits is closed, this causes an increase in the pressure difference between the inputs and outputs of the other circuits, therefore the fluid flow rates supplied by these circuits. However in total, due to the increase in resistances to the circulation of the fluid in the network pipes, the sum of the new fluid flows in the circuits remained open will be slightly less than the sum of the fluid flows prior to the closing of one of the circuits. A new equilibrium will therefore be established in the network corresponding to the new flow rates and to the new fluid pressure determined by the pressure drops in the network.
Ainsi par exemple, dans un réseau de chauffage central, la fermeture de l'un des radiateurs entraîne une augmentation, non souhaitée et qui cons¬ titue donc un inconvénient sensible, de la puissance émettrice des autres radiateurs, ainsi déréglés par rapport à la valeur de consigne initialement affichée. L'invention a donc pour but de réaliser un procédé et un dispositif permettant, dans un réseau deThus, for example, in a central heating network, the closing of one of the radiators leads to an unwanted increase, which therefore constitutes a significant drawback, in the emitting power of the other radiators, thus out of balance with respect to the value initially displayed. The invention therefore aims to achieve a method and a device for, in a network of
FEUILLE DE REMPLACEMENT distribution de fluide fermé, de réguler automati¬ quement le débit de fluide dans chaque circuit à sa valeur de consigne, quelles que soient les variations de la différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie de ce circuit.REPLACEMENT SHEET closed fluid distribution, to automatically regulate the fluid flow in each circuit to its set value, whatever the variations in the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of this circuit.
Conformément au procédé visé par 1 'inven¬ tion, pour maintenir constant le débit de fluide, quelles que soient les variations de différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie, on dispose deux organes de réglage successifs entre l'entrée et la sortie, le premier organe permettant le réglage du débit a une valeur fixe présélectionnée, et le second organe coopérant avec des moyens d'autorégulation automatique aptes à compenser toute variation de la différence de pression de fluide détectée par le premier organe et on utilise l'énergie motrice du fluide, résultant de la différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie du dispositif, pour réguler son débit sans apport d'énergie extérieure. Le dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé comprend, conformément à l'invention, disposés sur un conduit de fluide du circuit, un premier organe de réglage du débit de fluide adapté pour régler le débit à une valeur présélectionnée, et un second organe de réglage, mobile, permettant de créer une perte de pression variable, des moyens d'autorégu¬ lation associés à l'organe mobile aptes à compenser automatiquement toute variation de la différence de pression de fluide détectée par le premier organe de réglage, afin de maintenir constant le débit de fluide du circuit quelles que soient les variations de différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie.In accordance with the process referred to by the invention, to maintain constant the flow of fluid, whatever the variations in pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet, there are two successive adjustment members between the inlet and the outlet , the first member allowing the adjustment of the flow rate has a preset preset value, and the second member cooperating with automatic self-regulation means capable of compensating for any variation in the difference in fluid pressure detected by the first member and energy is used driving the fluid, resulting from the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the device, to regulate its flow without external energy supply. The device for implementing this method comprises, in accordance with the invention, arranged on a fluid conduit of the circuit, a first member for adjusting the fluid flow rate suitable for adjusting the flow rate to a preset value, and a second member adjustment, mobile, to create a variable pressure loss, self-regulation means associated with the movable member capable of automatically compensating for any variation in the difference in fluid pressure detected by the first adjustment member, in order to keep the flow rate of the circuit constant whatever the variations in pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet.
Toutefois, le système ne peut fonctionner de manière satisfaisante que si la différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie du fluide est égale ou su¬ périeure à la valeur minimale de la perte de pression du dispositif pour le débit considéré.However, the system can only operate satisfactorily if the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the fluid is equal to or greater than the minimum value of the pressure loss of the device for the flow considered.
Suivant une première forme de réalisation du dispositif, lesdits moyens d'autorégulation comportent une première enceinte débouchant sur le second organe de réglage mobile et limitée du côté de ce dernier par une membrane souple équipée d'un élément pouvant obtu¬ rer le conduit de fluide lorsque la pression dans ladite enceinte est suffisante, une seconde enceinte communiquant avec la première et contenant une mem¬ brane souple munie d'une tige traversant le passage entre les deux enceintes, l'extrémité de cette tige portant un pointeau susceptible d'obturer une déri- vation reliant la première enceinte à l'entrée de fluide, et la seconde enceinte contient un ressort agissant sur la membrane pour maintenir le pointeau dans sa position d'obturation de la dérivation, lorsque la différence de pression du fluide reste constante, et pour ramener progressivement la membrane et sa tige vers cette position après ouverture de la dite dérivation et recul de la membrane consécutive¬ ment à une variation de différence de pression, et enfin les deux compartiments de ladite seconde enceinte délimités par la membrane sont reliés par des canalisations respectives au conduit de fluide entre les deux organes de réglage et à la sortie.According to a first embodiment of the device, said self-regulating means comprise a first enclosure opening onto the second movable adjustment member and limited on the side of the latter by a flexible membrane equipped with an element capable of obtu¬ ring the fluid conduit when the pressure in said enclosure is sufficient, a second enclosure communicating with the first and containing a flexible mem¬ brane provided with a rod passing through the passage between the two speakers, the end of this rod carrying a needle capable of closing a bypass connecting the first enclosure to the fluid inlet, and the second enclosure contains a spring acting on the membrane to maintain the needle in its position for closing the bypass, when the pressure difference of the fluid remains constant, and to gradually bring the membrane and its stem back to this position after opening of the said bypass and retraction of the membrane consecutive to a variation in pressure difference, and finally the two compartments of said second enclosure delimited by the membrane are connected by respective pipes to the fluid conduit between the two adjustment members and to the outlet.
Suivant une seconde forme de réalisation du dispositif visé par l'invention, les moyens d'autoré- gulation comprennent une première enceinte débouchant sur le second organe de réglage mobile, et limitée du côté de ce dernier par une membrane souple équipée d'un élément pouvant obturer ledit second organe de réglage lorsque la pression dans ladite enceinte est suffisante, une seconde enceinte communiquant avec la première et contenant une membrane souple munie d'une tige traversant le passage entre les deux enceintes, 1'extrémité de cette tige portant un pointeau susceptible d'obturer une dérivation reliant la première enceinte à la sortie de fluide, et la seconde enceinte contient un ressort agissant sur la membrane pour maintenir le pointeau dans sa position de non obturation de la dérivation, lorsque la différence de pression du fluide reste constante, et pour ramener progressivement la membrane et sa tige vers cette position de non obturation après fermeture de ladite dérivation et recul de la membrane consécutivement à une variation de différence de pression, et enfin les deux compartiments délimités dans la seconde enceinte par la membrane sont reliés par des canalisations, d'une part au conduit de fluide entre les deux organes de réglage, et d'autre part à l'entrée de fluide.According to a second embodiment of the device targeted by the invention, the self-regulation means comprise a first enclosure opening onto the second mobile adjustment member, and limited on the latter side by a flexible membrane equipped with an element capable of closing said second adjusting member when the pressure in said enclosure is sufficient, a second enclosure communicating with the first and containing a flexible membrane provided with a rod passing through the passage between the two enclosures, the end of this rod carrying a needle capable of blocking a bypass connecting the first enclosure to the outlet of fluid, and the second enclosure contains a spring acting on the membrane to maintain the needle in its position of non-obturation of the bypass, when the pressure difference of the fluid remains constant, and to gradually bring the membrane and its rod towards this position of non-closure after closure of said bypass and retreat of the membrane following a variation in pressure difference, and finally the two compartments delimited in the second enclosure by the membrane are connected by pipes, on the one hand to the fluid conduit between the two adjustment members, and on the other hand at the fluid inlet.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre, faite en référence aux dessins annexés qui en illustrent trois formes de réalisation à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings which illustrate three embodiments thereof by way of nonlimiting examples.
La figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une première forme de réalisation du dispositif de régu¬ lation automatique du débit de fluide dans un circuit d'un réseau de distribution de fluide, conforme à 1'invention.Figure 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the automatic device for regulating the fluid flow in a circuit of a fluid distribution network, according to the invention.
Les figures 2 et 3 sont des schémas ana- logues à la Fig.1 de deux autres formes de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention.Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams similar to Fig.1 of two other embodiments of the device according to the invention.
Le circuit de fluide représenté à la Fig.1 est l'un de ceux d'un réseau de distribution com¬ portant un ensemble de tels circuits, par exemple des circuits industriels de fluide chaud ou froid, ou des circuits de chauffage central.The fluid circuit represented in FIG. 1 is one of those of a distribution network comprising a set of such circuits, for example industrial circuits of hot or cold fluid, or central heating circuits.
Ce circuit comprend un conduit principal 1 de fluide et, agencé entre une entrée de fluide A et une sortie de fluide C de ce conduit, le dispositif de régulation automatique du débit de circulation du fluide dans le conduit 1. Ce dispositif comporte un premier organe 2 de réglage du débit de fluide, adapté pour régler ce débit à une valeur de consigne pré- sélectionnée, et un second organe 3 de réglage, permettant de créer une perte de pression variable entre l'entrée A et un point B intermédiaire entre les organes de réglage 2 et 3. L'organe de réglage 3 est réalisé pour créer, grâce à un étranglement 7, une perte de pression suffisante pour permettre à l'organe de réglage fixe 2 de conserver le débit de circulation constant prédéterminé, grâce à une différence de pression maintenue constante entre les points B et C. Les moyens d 'autorégulation automatique de ce dispositif comportent une première enceinte 4 dé¬ bouchant sur l'organe de réglage mobile 3 et limitée du côté de ce dernier par une membrane souple 5 équipée d'un pointeau 6 pouvant obturer plus ou moins l'étranglement 7 de l'organe de réglage 3, lorsque la pression de fluide dans l'enceinte 4 est suffisante. Le dispositif comprend une seconde enceinte 8 commu¬ niquant avec l'enceinte 4 par un étranglement 9, d'une cloison 11 de séparation. L'enceinte 8 contient une membrane souple 12 fixée sur son pourtour à la paroi de l'enceinte 8, ainsi divisée en deux compartiments 8a et 8b. La membrane 12 est munie d'une tige axiale 13 traversant le passage 9, et dont l'extrémité porte un pointeau 14 susceptible d'obturer une dérivation 15 reliant l'enceinte 4 à l'entrée A de fluide. De plus la tige 13 porte un second pointeau 16 positionné pour pouvoir obturer le passage annulaire 9 autour de la tige 13 lorsque la membrane 12 recule par rapport à cet étranglement 9. Le compartiment 8a contient un ressort 17, par exemple hélicoïdal prenant appui sur le fond de l'enceinte 8 et agissant sur la membrane 12 de manière à exercer sur celle-ci une force de rappel tendant à maintenir normalement le pointeau 14 dans sa position d'obturation de la dérivation 15 lorsque la différence de pression du fluide entre l'entrée A et la sortie C reste constante, et égale à la perte de charge minimale du dispositif pour le débit considéré. Le pointeau 16 est corrélativement placé de manière à laisser dans ce cas ouvert l'étranglement 9.This circuit comprises a main fluid duct 1 and, arranged between a fluid inlet A and a fluid outlet C from this duct, the device for automatically regulating the flow rate of the fluid in the duct 1. This device comprises a first member 2 for adjusting the fluid flow rate, suitable for adjusting this flow rate to a preset preset value, and a second adjustment member 3, making it possible to create a variable pressure loss between the inlet A and a point B intermediate between the adjusting members 2 and 3. The adjusting member 3 is made to create, by means of a throttle 7, a loss of pressure sufficient to allow the fixed adjusting member 2 to maintain the predetermined constant circulation rate, thanks to a pressure difference kept constant between points B and C. The means of automatic self-regulation of this device comprise a first enclosure 4 opening on the adjusting member m obile 3 and limited on the latter side by a flexible membrane 5 equipped with a needle 6 which can more or less seal the throttle 7 of the adjustment member 3, when the fluid pressure in the enclosure 4 is sufficient. The device comprises a second enclosure 8 communicating with the enclosure 4 by a throttle 9, of a partition 11 of separation. The enclosure 8 contains a flexible membrane 12 fixed on its periphery to the wall of the enclosure 8, thus divided into two compartments 8a and 8b. The membrane 12 is provided with an axial rod 13 passing through the passage 9, and the end of which carries a needle 14 capable of closing a bypass 15 connecting the enclosure 4 to the fluid inlet A. Moreover the rod 13 carries a second needle 16 positioned so as to be able to close the annular passage 9 around the rod 13 when the membrane 12 moves back with respect to this constriction 9. The compartment 8a contains a spring 17, for example helical bearing on the bottom of the enclosure 8 and acting on the membrane 12 so as to exert on it a restoring force tending to normally maintain the needle 14 in its position for closing the bypass 15 when the difference in fluid pressure between the inlet A and the output C remains constant, and equal to the minimum pressure drop of the device for the flow considered. The needle 16 is correlatively placed so as to leave the throttle 9 open in this case.
Le ressort 17 est réglé au moyen d'un organe approprié, par exemple une vis de tarage 18, et l'en¬ ceinte 8 est reliée par des canalisations 19, 21 au conduit 1 , dans lequel elles débouchent respectivement à la sortie C et au point intermédiaire B. La cana¬ lisation 19 met en communication avec la sortie C le compartiment 8a de l'enceinte 8 contenant le ressort de rappel 17, tandis que la canalisation 21 relie le point B au compartiment 8b contenant la tige 13. L'organe de réglage fixe 2, connu en soi, comprend une vis 2a portant un pointeau 2b susceptible d'obturer partiellement ou totalement un étranglement 22 intérieur au conduit 1.The spring 17 is adjusted by means of a suitable member, for example a setting screw 18, and the enclosure 8 is connected by pipes 19, 21 to the duct 1, in which they open respectively at the outlet C and at intermediate point B. The pipe 19 connects compartment 8a of the enclosure 8 containing the return spring 17 to the outlet C, while the pipe 21 connects point B to compartment 8b containing the rod 13. L 'fixed adjustment member 2, known per se, comprises a screw 2a carrying a needle 2b capable of partially or completely closing a throttle 22 inside the duct 1.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif qui vient d'être décrit est le suivant.The operation of the device which has just been described is as follows.
Le fluide circulant dans le sens des flèches F1 et F2 de l'entrée A à la sortie C, le réglage du pointeau 2b par la vis 2a est réalisé pour obtenir un débit déterminé à la sortie C, dans le conduit 1, pour une perte de pression restant constante entre B et C. Les prises de pression en B et C sont transmises par les canalisations 21 et 19 au compartiment 8a d'une part, au compartiment 8b et à l'enceinte 4, d'autre part et ont donc une valeur différentielle constante.The fluid circulating in the direction of the arrows F1 and F2 from the inlet A to the outlet C, the adjustment of the needle 2b by the screw 2a is carried out to obtain a determined flow rate at the outlet C, in the duct 1, for a pressure loss remaining constant between B and C. The pressure taps at B and C are transmitted by pipes 21 and 19 to compartment 8a on the one hand, to compartment 8b and to enclosure 4, on the other hand and therefore have a constant differential value.
Le ressort 17 maintient la membrane 12 en équilibre, la valeur de sa force de rappel étant réglée pour compenser cette différence de pression entre, d'une part le compartiment 8a, et d'autre part le compartiment 8b de l'enceinte 8 et l'enceinte 4. Dans la position d'équilibre du système, la pression dans l'enceinte 4 est telle que la membrane souple 5 maintient son pointeau 6 dans une position laissant ouvert l'étranglement 7. Par ailleurs le passage 9 permet le coulissement de la tige-guide 13 sans autre débit de fluide autour de cette tige qu'un débit permettant d'égaliser la pression dans l'enceinte 4 et le compartiment 8b, lorsque le pointeau 14 obture le débouché de la dérivation 15. L'égalité des pressions dans le compartiment 8b et dans 1 ' enceinte 4 implique une égalité de pression sur chacune des faces de la membrane 5, qui est donc en équilibre et maintient complètement ouvert 1 ' étranglement 7.The spring 17 keeps the membrane 12 in equilibrium, the value of its restoring force being adjusted to compensate for this pressure difference between, on the one hand the compartment 8a, and on the other hand the compartment 8b of the enclosure 8 and l enclosure 4. In the equilibrium position of the system, the pressure in enclosure 4 is such that the flexible membrane 5 maintains its needle 6 in a position leaving the constriction open. Furthermore, the passage 9 allows the sliding of the guide rod 13 without any other flow of fluid around this rod than a flow making it possible to equalize the pressure in the enclosure 4 and the compartment 8b, when the needle 14 closes the outlet of the bypass 15. The equality of the pressures in the compartment 8b and in the enclosure 4 implies equal pressure on each of the faces of the membrane 5, which is therefore in equilibrium and keeps the throttle 7 completely open.
La perte de pression minimale du dispositif de A à C est égale à la perte de pression constante de B en C, augmentée de la perte de pression de A à B. Cette dernière est variable avec le débit, mais mini¬ male pour le débit présélectionné sur l'organe de réglage 2, le pointeau 6 de l'organe de réglage 3 étant considéré ouvert au maximum.The minimum pressure loss of the device from A to C is equal to the constant pressure loss from B to C, increased by the pressure loss from A to B. The latter is variable with the flow, but minimum for the flow preselected on the adjusting member 2, the needle 6 of the adjusting member 3 being considered to be open to the maximum.
Si la différence de pression de A à C aug¬ mente, impliquant une augmentation du débit dans le conduit 1 , cette différence se répartit de A à B et de B à C. L'augmentation de la pression différentielle de B à C crée un déséquilibre entre les compartiments 8a et 8b. La pression augmente donc dans le compartiment 8b, et cette différence de pression avec celle régnant dans le compartiment 8a devient supérieure à la force de rappel du ressort 17. De ce fait la membrane 12 se déforme et se déplace, en comprimant le ressort 17 et en faisant coulisser la tige-guide 13. Le pointeau 14 de cette dernière libère l'orifice de sortie de la dérivation 14, qui était jusque là fermé de manière étanche, tandis qu'en même temps le pointeau 16 obture le passage 9. Il en résulte que l'enceinte 4 passe de la pression en B à la pression supérieure en A, de sorte que la membrane 5 se trouve comprimée. Cette compression a pour effet de refermer le pointeau 6 sur l'étranglement 7, jusqu'à ce que la perte de pression ainsi créée soit suffisante pour retrouver le débit initial de circulation, prévu avec la perte de pression constante de B à C.If the pressure difference from A to C increases, implying an increase in the flow rate in duct 1, this difference is distributed from A to B and from B to C. The increase in the differential pressure B to C creates an imbalance between compartments 8a and 8b. The pressure therefore increases in compartment 8b, and this difference in pressure with that prevailing in compartment 8a becomes greater than the restoring force of the spring 17. As a result the membrane 12 deforms and moves, compressing the spring 17 and by sliding the guide rod 13. The needle 14 of the latter releases the outlet orifice of the bypass 14, which was hitherto closed in sealed manner, while at the same time the needle 16 closes the passage 9. It as a result, the enclosure 4 passes from the pressure at B to the upper pressure at A, so that the membrane 5 is compressed. This compression has the effect of closing the needle 6 on the throttle 7, until the pressure loss thus created is sufficient to regain the initial circulation rate, expected with the constant pressure loss from B to C.
Ce nouvel équilibre diminue donc la pression dans le compartiment 8b, ce qui permet au ressort 17 de rappeler la membrane 12 vers sa position initiale et de faire coulisser la tige-guide 13, avec fermeture partielle ou totale de la dérivation 15 par le poin¬ teau 14 et ouverture partielle ou totale du passage 9 par le pointeau 16, en ne laissant passer qu'un léger défait égal au débit de fuite dans 1'étranglement 9. Ce débit de fuite permet de maintenir une pression suffisante sur la membrane 5 pour maintenir la perte de charge nécessaire dans l'organe de réglage 3, de façon à retrouver la perte de pression constante sur l'organe de réglage 2.This new equilibrium therefore reduces the pressure in compartment 8b, which allows the spring 17 to return the membrane 12 to its initial position and cause the guide rod 13 to slide, with partial or total closure of the bypass 15 by the poin¬ sheet 14 and partial or total opening of passage 9 via needle 16, leaving only a slight defeat equal to the leak rate in the throttle 9. This leak rate allows sufficient pressure to be maintained on the membrane 5 to maintain the necessary pressure drop in the adjusting member 3, so as to regain the constant pressure loss on the adjusting member 2.
Lorsque la différence de pression entre A et C revient à sa valeur initiale, le ressort 17 équi¬ libre à nouveau la différence de pression entre les compartiments 8a et 8b. Le pointeau 14 se referme com¬ plètement sur la dérivation 15 tandis que le pointeau 16 ouvre l'étranglement 9. L'équilibre entre l'en¬ ceinte 4 et le compartiment 8b se rétablit par le passage 9, et l'équilibre de pression est également retrouvé sur les deux faces de la membrane 5, auto¬ risant ainsi la réouverture de l'étranglement 7 par le recul du pointeau 6.When the pressure difference between A and C returns to its initial value, the spring 17 equilibrates again the pressure difference between the compartments 8a and 8b. The needle 14 closes completely on the branch 15 while the needle 16 opens the throttle 9. The balance between the enclosure 4 and the compartment 8b is restored by the passage 9, and the pressure balance is also found on the two faces of the membrane 5, thus self-opening the reopening of the constriction 7 by the retraction of the needle 6.
Si la différence de pression entre A et C diminue par rapport aux valeurs minimales, la pression dans le compartiment 8b diminue, de sorte que la différence de pression entre les compartiments 8a et 8b n'a d'autre effet dans ce cas que d'appliquer plus fortement le pointeau 14 sur le débouché de la dérivation 15. La diminution de pression entraîne alors une diminution corrélative du débit de fluide dans le conduit 1.If the pressure difference between A and C decreases from the minimum values, the pressure in compartment 8b decreases, so that the pressure difference between compartments 8a and 8b has no other effect in this case than apply the needle 14 more strongly to the outlet of the bypass 15. The decrease in pressure then causes a correlative decrease in the flow of fluid in the duct 1.
On décrira maintenant la seconde forme de réalisation de l'invention, illustrée à la Fig.2. Dans celle-ci la disposition des organes de réglage 2 et 3 entre 1 'entrée A et la sortie C du fluide est inversée, de même que l'agencement des éléments constitutifs du système de régulation auto¬ matique de la variation de pression. Dans cette réalisation, l'organe de réglage fixe 20 du débit présélectionné est placé immédiate¬ ment en aval de l'entrée A, tandis que le second organe de réglage 30 est disposé en aval, entre les points B et C. La première enceinte 40 débouche sur l'organe de réglage mobile 30, lequel est constitué de manière similaire à l'organe de réglage 3, par une membrane souple 50 pourvue d'un pointeau 60 suscep¬ tible d'obturer un étranglement 70 de la conduite 1. Une seconde enceinte 80 est divisée en deux com¬ partiments 80a et 80b par une membrane souple 120 convenablement fixée à la paroi de l'enceinte 8 de manière connue en soi. Le compartiment 80a communique avec l'enceinte 40 par un étranglement 90 traversé de manière coulissante par une tige-guide 130 dont une extrémité est fixée à la membrane 120, et qui porte un premier pointeau terminal 140 susceptible d'obturer l'entrée d'une canalisation 150 reliant l'enceinte 40 à la sortie C.The second embodiment of the invention will now be described, illustrated in FIG. 2. In it the arrangement of the adjustment members 2 and 3 between the inlet A and the outlet C of the fluid is reversed, as is the arrangement of the constituent elements of the automatic regulation system of the pressure variation. In this embodiment, the fixed adjustment member 20 of the preselected flow rate is placed immediately downstream of the inlet A, while the second adjustment member 30 is arranged downstream, between points B and C. The first enclosure 40 opens onto the movable adjustment member 30, which is constituted in a similar manner to the adjustment member 3, by a flexible membrane 50 provided with a needle 60 capable of closing a constriction 70 of the pipe 1. A second enclosure 80 is divided into two compartments 80a and 80b by a flexible membrane 120 suitably fixed to the wall of the enclosure 8 in a manner known per se. The compartment 80a communicates with the enclosure 40 by a throttle 90 traversed in a sliding manner by a guide rod 130, one end of which is fixed to the membrane 120, and which carries a first end needle 140 capable of closing the entry of a pipe 150 connecting the enclosure 40 to the outlet C.
La tige-guide 130 porte un second pointeau 160 positionné pour pouvoir obturer le passage 90 lorsque le pointeau 140 laisse ouvert l'entrée de la canalisation 150. La membrane souple 120 est solli- citée par un ressort de rappel 170 placé dans le com¬ partiment 80a. La force du ressort 170 est réglée de manière que le pointeau 140 soit placé dans sa position de non-obturation de la canalisation 150, et l'obturation de l'étranglement 90 lorsque la diffé- rence de pression du fluide entre A et C reste cons¬ tante. La pression en B et dans le compartiment 80a, augmentée de la force du ressort 170, équilibre alors la pression supérieure régnant en A et dans le compar¬ timent 80b. Les compartiments 80a et 80b sont respec¬ tivement reliés au point intermédiaire B et à 1 ' entrée A par des canalisations 210 et 190. L'organe de réglage 20 est constitué de manière similaire à 1 ' organe correspondant 2 de la réalisation précédente (vis 20a, pointeau 20b, étranglement 22) .The guide rod 130 carries a second needle 160 positioned so as to be able to close the passage 90 when the needle 140 leaves the inlet of the pipe 150 open. The flexible membrane 120 is urged by a return spring 170 placed in the com¬ parta 80a. The force of the spring 170 is adjusted so that the needle 140 is placed in its position of non-sealing of the pipe 150, and the closing of the throttle 90 when the difference in fluid pressure between A and C remains constant. The pressure at B and in the compartment 80a, increased by the force of the spring 170, then balances the upper pressure prevailing at A and in the compar¬ ment 80b. The compartments 80a and 80b are respec¬ tively connected to the intermediate point B and to the inlet A by pipes 210 and 190. The adjustment member 20 is constituted similarly to the corresponding member 2 of the previous embodiment (screws 20a, needle 20b, throttle 22).
Le fonctionnement de ce mode de réalisation est le suivant.The operation of this embodiment is as follows.
En position d'équilibre du système, celui-ci est dans la position représentée à la Fig .2 , le poin¬ teau 140 étant écarté de l'entrée de la canalisation 150 et les pressions de part et d'autre de la membrane 50 étant égales, ce qui entraîne une ouverture com- plète de l'étranglement 70 par le pointeau 60.In the equilibrium position of the system, it is in the position shown in Fig .2, the poin¬ teau 140 being spaced from the inlet of the pipe 150 and the pressures on either side of the membrane 50 being equal, which causes a complete opening of the constriction 70 by the needle 60.
Si la différence de pression de A à C vient à augmenter, par suite par exemple de la fermeture complète ou partielle d'un autre circuit du réseau, cette augmentation se répartira de A à B et de B à C . L'augmentation de la pression différentielle de A à B crée donc un déséquilibre entre les compartiments 80a et 80b. La pression dans le compartiment 80b devient supérieure à la pression dans le compartiment 80a augmentée de la force de rappel du ressort 170, de sorte que la membrane 120 se déplace en comprimant le ressort 170, et en poussant la tige-guide 130. Le pointeau 140 vient obturer la canalisation 150, tandis que le pointeau 160 libère le passage annulaire 90 formé autour de la tige 130 (comme le passage 9 annulaire autour de la tige 13 dans la réalisation de la Fig.1 ) .If the pressure difference from A to C increases, as a result for example of the complete or partial closure of another circuit of the network, this increase will be distributed from A to B and from B to C. The increase in the differential pressure from A to B therefore creates an imbalance between the compartments 80a and 80b. The pressure in compartment 80b becomes greater than the pressure in compartment 80a increased by the return force of the spring 170, so that the membrane 120 moves by compressing the spring 170, and pushing the guide rod 130. The needle 140 closes the pipe 150, while the needle 160 releases the annular passage 90 formed around the rod 130 (like the annular passage 9 around the rod 13 in the embodiment of Fig.1).
Il en résulte que la pression de fluide dans 1 ' enceinte 40 passe de la pression de sortie en C à la pression en B. La membrane 50 se trouve donc co pri- mée, et cette compression a pour effet de refermer le pointeau 60 sur l'étranglement 70, jusqu'à ce que la perte de pression ainsi créée soit suffisante pour retrouver le débit initial du conduit 1 prévue, avec la perte de pression constante de A à B. Cet équilibre retrouvé permet ensuite de refermer le pointeau 160 sur le passage annulaire 90 et d'ouvrir la canali¬ sation 150, grâce à l'augmentation de pression dans le compartiment 80a. Au point d'équilibre, la pression dans l'enceinte 40 sur la membrane 50 est suffisante pour maintenir, grâce au pointeau 60, la perte de charge nécessaire dans l'organe de réglage 30, de façon à retrouver la perte de pression fixe de l'organe de réglage 20. Lorsque la différence de pression entre A etAs a result, the fluid pressure in the enclosure 40 changes from the outlet pressure at C to the pressure at B. The membrane 50 is therefore co-primed, and this compression has the effect of closing the needle 60 on the constriction 70, until the pressure loss thus created is sufficient to recover the initial flow rate of the duct 1 provided, with the constant pressure loss from A to B. This balance found then makes it possible to close the needle 160 on the annular passage 90 and to open the canali¬ tion 150, thanks to the increase in pressure in the compartment 80a. At the equilibrium point, the pressure in the enclosure 40 on the membrane 50 is sufficient to maintain, thanks to the needle 60, the necessary pressure drop in the adjusting member 30, so as to recover the fixed pressure loss of the adjusting member 20. When the pressure difference between A and
C revient à sa valeur initiale, le ressort 170 équilibre de nouveau la différence de pression entre les compartiments 80a et 80b. Le pointeau 160 se referme et le pointeau 140 ouvre la canalisation 150. L'équilibre entre l'enceinte 40 et la sortie C se rétablit par l'orifice de sortie de l'enceinte 40, se qui rétablit l'équilibre sur les deux faces de la membrane 50 et permet la réouverture de l'étranglement 70 par relèvement du pointeau 60. On décrira maintenant la troisième forme de réalisation de l'invention, représentée à la Fig.3.C returns to its initial value, the spring 170 again balances the pressure difference between the compartments 80a and 80b. The needle 160 closes and the needle 140 opens the pipe 150. The balance between the enclosure 40 and the outlet C is restored by the outlet orifice of the enclosure 40, which restores the balance on both sides of the membrane 50 and allows the reopening of the throttle 70 by raising the needle 60. We will now describe the third embodiment of the invention, shown in Fig.3.
Dans ce système, l'organe de réglage fixe 200 et mobile 300 sont placés d'amont en aval respec¬ tivement entre A et C, comme dans la réalisation de la Fig.2. En revanche, l'agencement des autres éléments constitutifs du dispositif est différent. En effet, les moyens d'autorégulation automatique du débit de sortie comprennent une première enceinte 180 débou¬ chant sur le conduit 1 entre les deux organes de réglage 200 et 300, au niveau du point intermédiaire B. Cette enceinte 180 est fermée du côté du conduit 1 par une membrane souple 181 portant une tige-guide 182 munie d'une paire de pointeaux 183, 184 distants d'un écartement approprié. Ces pointeaux sont positionnés de façon à permettre d'ouvrir ou fermer une canali¬ sation 185 de liaison entre la première enceinte 180 et la sortie C de fluide, en fonction de la pression régnant dans l'enceinte 180. A cet effet, le pointeau terminal 184 est positionné dans une chambre 186 de la canalisation 185, délimitant un siège d'appui pour le pointeau 184.In this system, the fixed 200 and mobile 300 adjustment member are placed from upstream to downstream respectively between A and C, as in the embodiment of FIG. 2. On the other hand, the arrangement of the other constituent elements of the device is different. In fact, the means for automatic self-regulation of the outlet flow rate comprise a first enclosure 180 opening on the duct 1 between the two adjustment members 200 and 300, at the intermediate point B. This enclosure 180 is closed on the side of the conduit 1 by a flexible membrane 181 carrying a guide rod 182 provided with a pair of pins 183, 184 distant from an appropriate spacing. These needles are positioned so as to allow opening or closing a canali¬ sation 185 of connection between the first enclosure 180 and the fluid outlet C, depending on the pressure prevailing in the enclosure 180. For this purpose, the needle terminal 184 is positioned in a room 186 of the pipe 185, delimiting a support seat for the needle 184.
Le système d'autorégulation comprend une seconde enceinte 400 s 'ouvrant sur l'organe de réglage mobile 300 et plus précisément obturée par la membrane souple 500 de ce dernier, muni de son pointeau 600 de fermeture de l'étranglement 700, lorsque la pression dans l'enceinte 400 est suffisante. L'enceinte 180 est reliée à l'enceinte 400 par une canalisation 187 débouchant entre la chambre 186 et l'enceinte 180, entre les pointeaux 183 et 184. Le pointeau 183 peut obturer l'entrée de cette canalisation 187 tandis que le pointeau 184 laisse libre l'entrée de la canalisa¬ tion 185, ou inversement, en fonction de la pression régnant dans l'enceinte 180.The self-regulation system comprises a second enclosure 400 opening onto the mobile adjustment member 300 and more specifically closed by the flexible membrane 500 of the latter, provided with its needle 600 for closing the throttle 700, when the pressure in enclosure 400 is sufficient. The enclosure 180 is connected to the enclosure 400 by a pipe 187 opening out between the chamber 186 and the enclosure 180, between the needles 183 and 184. The needle 183 can close the entry of this pipe 187 while the needle 184 leaves free entry to the pipe 185, or vice versa, depending on the pressure prevailing in the enclosure 180.
La membrane souple 181 est soumise à l'ac¬ tion d'un ressort de rappel 188 pourvu d'un élément de tarage 189 (vis). L'enceinte 180 est reliée par une conduite 191 à l'entrée A. Le débit de fluide dans le conduit 1 est préréglé à une valeur fixée à l'aide de l'organe 200, et tant que la différence de pression entre A et C reste constante, le système est en équilibre, dans la position représentée à la Fig.3. Le pointeau 183 est maintenu par le ressort 188 en position d'obturation de l'entrée commune des canalisations 185 et 187; le pointeau 184 est écarté de son siège dans la chambre 186, et le pointeau 600 laisse complètement ouvert le passage 700, les pressions de part et d'autre de la membrane 500 étant équilibrées.The flexible membrane 181 is subjected to the action of a return spring 188 provided with a setting element 189 (screw). The enclosure 180 is connected by a pipe 191 to the inlet A. The fluid flow rate in the pipe 1 is preset to a value fixed using the member 200, and as long as the pressure difference between A and C remains constant, the system is in equilibrium, in the position shown in Fig. 3. The needle 183 is held by the spring 188 in the closed position of the common inlet of the pipes 185 and 187; the needle 184 is moved away from its seat in the chamber 186, and the needle 600 leaves the passage 700 completely open, the pressures on either side of the membrane 500 being balanced.
En cas d'augmentation de la différence de pression de fluide entre A et C, le fluide entrant dans l'enceinte 180 par la dérivation 191 augmente la pression sur la membrane 181, qui se déforme et re¬ pousse le ressort 188. De ce fait la tige 182 recule, le pointeau 183 s'ouvre, et le pointeau 184 ferme l'entrée de la canalisation 185. D'autre part l'augmentation de pression dans l'enceinte 180 est transmise via la canalisation 187, à l'enceinte 400, de sorte que la membrane 500 est déformée et que son pointeau 600 vient se refermer sur l'étranglement 700. Cette compression de la membrane 500 entraîne une perte de pression suffisante pour retrouver le débit initial du dispositif avec la perte de pression constante de A à B. L'accroissement consécutif de pression en B permet de repousser la membrane 181, donc de refermer le pointeau 183 et d'ouvrir le pointeau 184. Seul passe entre les deux pointeaux un léger débit de fluide, permettant de maintenir une pression suffisante sur la membrane 500, pour con¬ server la perte de charge nécessaire dans l'organe de réglage 300, afin de retrouver la perte de pression fixe sur l'organe de réglage 200.In the event of an increase in the difference in fluid pressure between A and C, the fluid entering the enclosure 180 via the bypass 191 increases the pressure on the membrane 181, which deforms and pushes the spring 188. As a result, the rod 182 moves back, the needle 183 opens, and the needle 184 closes the inlet of the pipe 185. On the other hand, the pressure increase in the enclosure 180 is transmitted via the pipe 187, to the enclosure 400, so that the membrane 500 is deformed and its needle 600 comes to close on the throttle 700. This compression of the membrane 500 causes a loss of pressure sufficient to regain the initial flow rate of the device with the constant pressure loss from A to B. The consecutive increase in pressure at B makes it possible to repel the membrane 181, therefore to close the needle 183 and open the needle 184. Only a small flow of fluid passes between the two needles, making it possible to maintain sufficient pressure on the membrane 500, in order to maintain the necessary pressure drop in the adjusting member 300, in order to recover the pressure loss fixed on the adjusting member 200.
Lorsque la différence de pression entre A et C revient à sa valeur initiale, le ressort 188 équilibre de nouveau la différence de pression entre les deux faces de la membrane 181. Le pointeau 183 se referme sur l'entrée commune des canalisations 187 et 185, tandis que le pointeau 184 laisse ouvert le passage dans la chambre 186. L'équilibre entre l'en¬ ceinte 400 et C se rétablit par la canalisation 185, ce qui rétablit également l'équilibre des pressions sur les deux faces de la membrane 500, permettant ainsi la réouverture du passage 700 par le relèvement du pointeau 600.When the pressure difference between A and C returns to its initial value, the spring 188 again balances the pressure difference between the two faces of the membrane 181. The needle 183 closes on the common inlet of the pipes 187 and 185, while the needle 184 leaves the passage open in the chamber 186. The balance between the enclosure 400 and C is restored by the pipe 185, which also restores the pressure balance on the two faces of the membrane 500 , thus allowing the reopening of the passage 700 by raising the needle 600.
L'invention est susceptible de recevoir de nombreuses variantes d'exécution. Ainsi il convient de noter que dans les réalisations des Fig.1 et 2, les pointeaux 16 et 160 ne sont pas indispensables. Le débit de fluide passant par la dérivation 15 lorsque le pointeau 14 est ouvert est alors supérieur au débit de fuite dans l'orifice annulaire 9. Cependant le pointeau 16 facilite le fonctionnement et assure une meilleure fiabilité au dispositif selon l'invention.The invention is capable of receiving numerous variant embodiments. So it should note that in the embodiments of Fig. 1 and 2, the needles 16 and 160 are not essential. The fluid flow rate passing through the bypass 15 when the needle 14 is open is then greater than the leakage flow rate in the annular orifice 9. However, the needle 16 facilitates operation and ensures better reliability of the device according to the invention.
De même, la vis 2a peut être remplacée par une manette de robinet, éventuellement graduée, permettant de modifier, à la demande de l'utilisateur, le point de consigne du débit admis dans le circuit. La vis 2a peut également être remplacée par un organe thermostatique ou autre, connu en soi et réglant automatiquement le point de consigne du débit. Likewise, the screw 2a can be replaced by a tap handle, possibly graduated, making it possible to modify, at the request of the user, the set point of the flow admitted into the circuit. The screw 2a can also be replaced by a thermostatic or other member, known per se and automatically adjusting the flow set point.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé pour réguler le débit de fluide dans un réseau de distribution de fluide comprenant un ou plusieurs circuits pourvus chacun de moyens (2) de réglage du débit de fluide, et ayant chacun une entrée (A) et une sortie (C) entre lesquelles un débit de fluide doit être maintenu constant, caractérisé en ce que pour maintenir constant le débit de fluide, quelles que soient les variations de différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie, on dispose deux organes de réglage successifs (2,3; 20,30; 200,300) entre l'entrée et la sortie, le premier organe (2; 20; 200) permettant le réglage du débit à une valeur fixe présélectionnée, et le second organe (3; 30; 300) coopérant avec des moyens (4, 8, 5, 12, 17...) d'auto- régulation automatique aptes à compenser toute varia¬ tion de la différence de pression de fluide détectée par le premier organe, et on utilise l'énergie motrice du fluide résultant de la différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie du dispositif, pour réguler son débit sans apport d'énergie extérieure.1. Method for regulating the flow of fluid in a fluid distribution network comprising one or more circuits each provided with means (2) for adjusting the flow of fluid, and each having an inlet (A) and an outlet (C) between which a fluid flow must be maintained constant, characterized in that to keep the fluid flow constant, whatever the variations in pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet, there are two successive adjustment members (2,3 ; 20.30; 200.300) between the inlet and the outlet, the first member (2; 20; 200) allowing the flow rate to be adjusted to a preselected fixed value, and the second member (3; 30; 300) cooperating with means (4, 8, 5, 12, 17...) of automatic self-regulation capable of compensating for any variation in the difference in fluid pressure detected by the first member, and the driving energy of the fluid is used resulting from the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the device, to regulate its flow without the addition of external energy.
2. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, placés sur un conduit (1) de fluide, un premier organe (2; 20; 200) de réglage du débit de fluide à une valeur présélectionnée, et un second organe (3) de réglage mobile, permettant de créer une perte de pression variable, des moyens d'autorégu¬ lation (4, 8, 12, 17, 5...) associés à l'organe de réglage mobile (3), aptes à compenser automatiquement toute variation de la différence de pression de fluide détectée par le premier organe de réglage, afin de maintenir constant le débit de fluide dans le conduit2. Device for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, placed on a fluid conduit (1), a first member (2; 20; 200) for adjusting the flow rate of fluid at a preselected value, and a second movable adjustment member (3), making it possible to create a variable pressure loss, self-regulation means (4, 8, 12, 17, 5, etc.) associated with the member mobile adjustment device (3), capable of automatically compensating for any variation in the fluid pressure difference detected by the first adjustment member, in order to maintain the fluid flow rate in the conduit constant
(1), quelles que soient les variations de différence de pression entre l'entrée et la sortie.(1), whatever the difference variations pressure between inlet and outlet.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'autorégulation comportent une première enceinte (4) débouchant sur le second organe de réglage mobile (3) et limitée du côté de ce dernier par une membrane souple (5) équipée d'un élément (6) pouvant obturer le conduit (1) de fluide lorsque la pression dans ladite enceinte (4) est suffisante, une seconde enceinte (8) communiquant avec la première et contenant une membrane souple (12) divisant l'enceinte en deux compartiments (8a, 8b), munie d'une tige (13) traversant un passage (9) entre les deux enceintes, l'extrémité de cette tige portant un pointeau (14) susceptible d'obturer une dérivation (15) reliant la première enceinte 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the self-regulation means comprise a first enclosure (4) opening onto the second movable adjustment member (3) and limited on the side of the latter by a flexible membrane (5) equipped an element (6) capable of closing the fluid conduit (1) when the pressure in said enclosure (4) is sufficient, a second enclosure (8) communicating with the first and containing a flexible membrane (12) dividing the enclosure in two compartments (8a, 8b), provided with a rod (13) passing through a passage (9) between the two enclosures, the end of this rod carrying a needle (14) capable of closing a branch (15) connecting the first enclosure
(4) à l'entrée (A) de fluide, et la seconde enceinte (8) contient un ressort (17) agissant sur la membrane (12) pour main¬ tenir le pointeau (14) dans sa position d'obturation de la dérivation (15), lorsque la différence de pression du fluide reste constante, et pour ramener progressivement la membrane (12) et sa tige vers cette position après ouverture de la dite dérivation et recul de la membrane consécutivement à une variation de différence de pression, et enfin les deux compartiments (8a, 8b) de ladite seconde enceinte (8) sont reliés par des canalisations respectives (19, 21) au conduit ( 1 ) de fluide entre les deux organes de réglage (2, 3) et à la sortie. . Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la tige (13) porte un second pointeau (16) adapté pour obturer le passage (9) entre les deux enceintes (4, 8) lorsque la membrane (12) recule à 1 'encontre de son ressort de rappel (17), sous l'effet d'une augmentation de la différence de pression entre l'entrée (A) et la sortie (C) .(4) at the fluid inlet (A), and the second enclosure (8) contains a spring (17) acting on the membrane (12) to maintain the needle (14) in its closing position of the bypass (15), when the pressure difference of the fluid remains constant, and to gradually bring the membrane (12) and its rod towards this position after opening of said bypass and recoil of the membrane following a variation in pressure difference, and finally the two compartments (8a, 8b) of said second enclosure (8) are connected by respective pipes (19, 21) to the fluid conduit (1) between the two adjustment members (2, 3) and to the outlet . . Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the rod (13) carries a second needle (16) adapted to close the passage (9) between the two enclosures (4, 8) when the membrane (12) moves back against it. of its return spring (17), under the effect of an increase in the difference in pressure between inlet (A) and outlet (C).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'autorégulation comprennent une première enceinte (40) débouchant sur le second organe de réglage mobile (30), et limitée du côté de ce dernier par une membrane souple (50) équipée d'un élément (60) pouvant obturer le conduit de fluide (1 ) lorsque la pression dans ladite enceinte (40) est suffisante, une seconde enceinte (80) com- muniquant avec la première et contenant une membrane souple (120) munie d'une tige (130) traversant le passage (90) entre les deux enceintes (40, 80), l'extrémité de cette tige portant un pointeau (140) susceptible d'obturer une dérivation (150) reliant la première enceinte (40) à la sortie (C) de fluide, et la seconde enceinte (80) contient un ressort (170) agissant sur la membrane (120) pour maintenir le pointeau (140) dans sa position de non obturation de la dérivation (150), lorsque la différence de pression du fluide reste constante, et pour ramener progressi¬ vement la membrane (120) et sa tige vers cette posi¬ tion de non obturation après fermeture de ladite dé¬ rivation (150) et recul de la membrane consécutivement à une variation de différence de pression, et enfin les deux compartiments (80a, 80b) délimités dans la seconde enceinte (80) par la membrane sont reliés par des canalisations (210, 190), d'une part au conduit (1) de fluide entre les deux organes (20, 30) de réglage, et d'autre part à l'entrée (A) de fluide. 5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the self-regulation means comprise a first enclosure (40) opening onto the second movable adjustment member (30), and limited on the side of the latter by a flexible membrane (50) equipped with an element (60) capable of closing the fluid conduit (1) when the pressure in said enclosure (40) is sufficient, a second enclosure (80) communicating with the first and containing a flexible membrane (120) provided a rod (130) passing through the passage (90) between the two enclosures (40, 80), the end of this rod carrying a needle (140) capable of closing a branch (150) connecting the first enclosure (40 ) at the fluid outlet (C), and the second enclosure (80) contains a spring (170) acting on the membrane (120) to maintain the needle (140) in its non-obturating position of the bypass (150), when the pressure difference of the fluid remains constant, and to gradually bring the membrane (120) and its rod towards this non-obturation position after closure of said diversion (150) and recoil of the membrane consecutively to a variation in pressure difference, and finally the two compartments (80a, 80b) delimited in the second enclosure (80) by the membrane are connected by pipes (210, 190), on the one hand to the conduit (1) of fluid between the two adjustment members (20, 30), and on the other hand at the fluid inlet (A).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 , caractérisé en ce que la tige (130) porte un second pointeau (160) adapté pour obturer le passage (90) entre les deux enceintes tant que la différence de pression de fluide reste constante, et pour ouvrir ce passage lorsque la membrane (120) recule à 1 ' encontre de son ressort de rappel (170), sous l'effet d'une augmentation de la différence de pression entre l'entrée (A) et la sortie (C) . 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the rod (130) carries a second needle (160) adapted to close the passage (90) between the two enclosures as long as the fluid pressure difference remains constant, and to open This passage when the membrane (120) moves back against its return spring (170), under the effect of an increase in the pressure difference between the inlet (A) and the outlet (C).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le ressort (170) de rappel de la membrane (120) est placé entre cette dernière et l'extrémité du compartiment (80a) de la seconde enceinte (80) dans lequel est ménagé le passage (90) avec la première enceinte (40).7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the spring (170) for returning the membrane (120) is placed between the latter and the end of the compartment (80a) of the second enclosure (80) in which is provided the passage (90) with the first enclosure (40).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'autorégulation comprennent une première enceinte (180) débouchant sur le conduit (1) de fluide entre les deux organes de réglage (200, 300) et fermée du côté du conduit de fluide par une membrane souple (181) portant une tige (182) dont l'extrémité est apte à ouvrir ou fermer une canalisation (185) de liaison de ladite première en¬ ceinte (180) avec la sortie (C) de fluide en fonction de la pression régnant dans la première enceinte, une seconde enceinte (400) s'ouvrant sur ledit second organe de réglage mobile (300), communiquant avec la première enceinte et fermée par une membrane souple (500) portant un élément (600) susceptible d'obturer le conduit de fluide lorsque la pression dans la seconde enceinte (180) est suffisante, et la première enceinte est reliée en outre à l'entrée (A) de fluide, en amont du premier organe de réglage (200) (Fig.3).8. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the self-regulation means comprise a first enclosure (180) opening onto the fluid conduit (1) between the two adjustment members (200, 300) and closed on the side of the conduit of fluid by a flexible membrane (181) carrying a rod (182) whose end is capable of opening or closing a pipe (185) connecting said first enclosure (180) with the fluid outlet (C) in function of the pressure prevailing in the first enclosure, a second enclosure (400) opening onto said second movable adjustment member (300), communicating with the first enclosure and closed by a flexible membrane (500) carrying an element (600) capable of closing the fluid conduit when the pressure in the second enclosure (180) is sufficient, and the first enclosure is further connected to the fluid inlet (A), upstream of the first adjustment member (200) ( Fig.3).
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la tige (182) fixée à la membrane (181) de la première enceinte (180) porte à son extrémité un double pointeau (183, 184), une canalisation (187) relie la première enceinte (180) à la seconde enceinte (400), et les pointeaux (183, 184) sont positionnés de telle sorte que, tant que la différence de pression entre l'entrée (A) et la sortie (C) reste constante, le premier pointeau (183) ferme la communication entre, d'une part la première enceinte et d'autre part la seconde enceinte (400) ainsi que la sortie, tandis qu'en cas d'augmentation de la différence de pression de fluide entraînant un accroissement de pression dans la première enceinte, le premier pointeau (183) ouvre la canalisation (187) de liaison entre les deux enceintes, et que le second pointeau (184) ferme la canalisation (185) de liaison entre la première enceinte (180) et la sortie de fluide (C).9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the rod (182) fixed to the membrane (181) of the first enclosure (180) carries at its end a double needle (183, 184), a pipe (187) connects the first enclosure (180) to the second enclosure (400), and the needles (183, 184) are positioned such that, as long as the pressure difference between the inlet (A) and the outlet (C) remains constant, the first needle (183) closes the communication between, on the one hand the first enclosure and on the other hand on the other hand the second enclosure (400) as well as the outlet, while in the event of an increase in the fluid pressure difference leading to an increase in pressure in the first enclosure, the first needle (183) opens the pipe (187) connection between the two enclosures, and that the second needle (184) closes the connecting pipe (185) between the first enclosure (180) and the fluid outlet (C).
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9r caractérisé en ce que la membrane (181) de la première enceinte est sollicitée vers sa position d'équilibre par un ressort (188) de rappel. 10. Device according to claim 9 r characterized in that the membrane (181) of the first enclosure is biased towards its equilibrium position by a return spring (188).
PCT/FR1991/000747 1990-09-27 1991-09-25 Method and device for the automatic regulation of a fluid flow rate in a fluid distribution network as a function of pressure variations WO1992006422A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9011936A FR2667408B1 (en) 1990-09-27 1990-09-27 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC REGULATION OF FLUID FLOW IN A FLUID DISTRIBUTION NETWORK AS A FUNCTION OF PRESSURE VARIATIONS.
FR90/11936 1990-09-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992006422A1 true WO1992006422A1 (en) 1992-04-16

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EP (1) EP0574389A1 (en)
AU (1) AU8658291A (en)
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DE19829571A1 (en) * 1998-07-02 2000-01-20 Danfoss As Valve arrangement for controlling a liquid flow
EP2706425A1 (en) 2008-06-26 2014-03-12 Belparts Flow control system

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US4867198A (en) * 1988-10-11 1989-09-19 Faust Bobby G Adjustable flow regulating valve

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19829571A1 (en) * 1998-07-02 2000-01-20 Danfoss As Valve arrangement for controlling a liquid flow
DE19829571B4 (en) * 1998-07-02 2004-03-18 Danfoss A/S Valve arrangement for controlling a liquid flow
EP2706425A1 (en) 2008-06-26 2014-03-12 Belparts Flow control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2667408B1 (en) 1992-12-31
FR2667408A1 (en) 1992-04-03
AU8658291A (en) 1992-04-28
EP0574389A1 (en) 1993-12-22

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