WO1991018788A1 - Greements generateurs de force ascensionnelle - Google Patents

Greements generateurs de force ascensionnelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991018788A1
WO1991018788A1 PCT/GB1991/000924 GB9100924W WO9118788A1 WO 1991018788 A1 WO1991018788 A1 WO 1991018788A1 GB 9100924 W GB9100924 W GB 9100924W WO 9118788 A1 WO9118788 A1 WO 9118788A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sail
point
boom
vessel
hull
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1991/000924
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gonzalo Fernandez Puentes
Original Assignee
Thompson, Jacqueline, Ashton
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB909012723A external-priority patent/GB9012723D0/en
Priority claimed from GB909014060A external-priority patent/GB9014060D0/en
Application filed by Thompson, Jacqueline, Ashton filed Critical Thompson, Jacqueline, Ashton
Publication of WO1991018788A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991018788A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/068—Sails pivotally mounted at mast tip

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improvements in and relating to sailing vessels and to rigs therefor, especially so-called "lifting" rigs.
  • a lifting sail is one which in operation, leans towards the wind and has its foot away to leeward so that the Wind Resultant Force (WRF) on the sail passes through the Centre of Resistance (CR) of the vessel, or nearby, thus creating a lifting force and a reduced or even zero heeling torque.
  • WRF Wind Resultant Force
  • the sail In order to be able to adapt to different points of sailing, the foot of the sail being so far away, the sail must rotate in the horizontal plane in some sort of circular fashion if it is desired to avoid large directional torques.
  • the present invention is concerned with rigs in which the sails are directly supported by the main hull structure.
  • Lifting sails must be moved from one side of the boat to the other every time the boat is to be tacked or gybed. If the sail is not to be tacked with the wind perpendicular to the sail, the sail must be pivoted at a point (which may be termed the "pivot point") above the hull structure and on the plane of longitudinal symmetry of the boat, so that the sail may pass from side to side of the boat parallel to the wind.
  • a sailing vessel having a hull structure; a sail system comprising a sail supported and extended by at least a pair of spars, namely a boom connected to the clew of the sail and a yard connected to the head of the sail and to the boom; means on the hull structure for supporting the sail system at two points thereof, namely at a point at or abaft the tack of the sail (the Lower Point, LP) and a point on the yard above the boom (the Higher Point,- HP) such that the Lower Point of the boom may be moved from one side of the hull structure to the other so that general plane of the sail system is inclined to the vertical and a line (the Sail Axis, SA) from the Lower Point to the higher point intersects the plane of symmetry of the hull at a pivot point (PP), which remains generally fixed with regard to the hull structure.
  • a sail system comprising a sail supported and extended by at least a pair of spars, namely a boom connected to the clew of the sail and a yard
  • the Lower Point is preferably substantially abaft the tack of the sail, e.g. at the mid-point of the foot of the sail or aft thereof.
  • the relationship between the Lower Point and the Higher Point is preferably such that the sail axis passes through or close to the centre of effort of the sail.
  • the sail axis is near the centre of effort of the sail, and this the permits easy control of rotation of the sail about the sail axis, that is control of the attitude of the sail with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vessel to adjust the sail for various points of sailing.
  • the sail axis cuts the plane of longitudinal symmetry of the hull structure at the pivot point and, in practice, the pivot point and the higher point (HP) on the yard of the sail system may be the same, but this is not necessarily the case.
  • the pivot point should be around the middle height of the sail in order to produce low heeling torques. It should also be above the centre of effort of the sail for ease of handling.
  • the Lower Point of the sail remains close to the deck and moves from one side of the vessel, e.g. in a straight or curvilinear manner.
  • the foot of the sail will be to leeward thereby producing a lifting force and a reduced heeling torque.
  • the rig permits of control of the position of the sail systme, with respect to the hull structure, in two ways. Firstly, by pivoting about the Pivot Point the whole sail system may be moved from one side of the hull structure to the other (generally so that the foot of the sail is to leeward). Secondly, by rotation of the sail system about the sail axis, the attitude of the sail can be controlled as appropriate for any point of sailing.
  • the vessel of the invention will preferably by a ulti-hulled vessel, e.g. a catamaran or trimaran.
  • a ulti-hulled vessel e.g. a catamaran or trimaran.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a sail system for use with a sailing vessel in accordance with the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a sailing vessel in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of another sailing vessel in accordance with the invention.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrammatic representations of symmetrical sails for use in vessels in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of another form of sailing vessel, having a symmetrical sail, in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic representation of a bi-directional boat in accordance with a modification of the invention
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of yet another embodiment of sailing vessel in accordance with the invention in which the mast moves with the sail;
  • Fig. 9 is a plan view of a vessel similar to that shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 10 is a section through a vessel as shown in Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the vessel shown in Figs. 9 and 10;
  • Fig. 12 is a plan view of a vessel similar to that shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 13 is a section through a vessel as shown in Fig. 12;
  • Figs. 14 and 15 are, respectively, a side view and a section through another form of sailing vessel in accordance with the invention in which the whole rig is supported by a rotatable bearing and there are two side sails;
  • Figs. 16 and 17 are, respectively, a plan view and a section through a trimaran rigged in accordance with the invention
  • Figs. 18 and 19 are a plan view and a section, respectively, through another vessel in accordance with the invention.
  • Figs. 20, 21 and 22 are diagrammatic representations of further vessels in accordance with the invention.
  • reference numeral 1 indicates a sail
  • reference numeral 2 indicates the boom
  • reference numeral 3 indicates a yard
  • reference numeral 4 indicates a strut
  • reference numeral 5 indicates a Higher Support Point
  • reference numeral 6 indicates a pivot point
  • reference numeral 7 indicates a Lower Support Point
  • reference numeral 8 indicates a sail axis
  • Reference numeral 9 indicates the centre of effort of a sail
  • reference numeral 10 indicates the hull of a vessel
  • reference numeral 11 indicates a mast of a vessel
  • reference numeral 12 indicates a bearing rotatable through 360°.
  • a sail system for use in accordance with the invention comprises a sail 1 supported and extended by boom 2 and yard 3 connected together and rigidly spaced by means of strut 4 connected thereto.
  • a sail as shown in Fig. 1, is mounted on a sailing vessel having a hull structure 10 and a mast 11, the sail being pivoted to mast 10 at higher support point 5 and supported on the hull structure of the vessel at Mid-Support Point 7.
  • the Mid-Support Point 7 may swing or slide along a rail from side to side of the hull structure (e.g. from hull to hull in the case of a catamaran type vessel).
  • mast 11 may suitably comprise an inverted V-shape structure.
  • the sail system is mounted, at support points 5 and 7, on a pair of rigid spar extending from a bearing 12 capable of being rotated through 360°C.
  • the helmsmen sits on a sit, opposite the sail system, also mounted in bearing 12.
  • the sails shown in the above figures are generally asymmetrical but symmetrical sails, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 may also be employed although, in general, they are not as effective as asymmetric sails.
  • the vessels illustrated above are unidirectional vessels, that is vessels intended to sail in only one direction.
  • the rig of the invention may however, in accordance with a modification of the vessel, also be applied to bi-directional boats, that is vessels intended to sail in either direction, as generally illustrated in Fig. 7 of the accompanying drawings.
  • a bi-directional, symmetrical, sail and a bi-directional boat makes it possible to tack with the wind parallel to the sail without actually pivoting the sail from side to side of the vessel. In practice it is the boat that is pivoted, by changing bow to stern, or port to starboard, thereby to change its direction.
  • the higher point of attachment may be fixed or may be sliding.
  • a variety of boat mast systems may be employed to support the sail system and thus the mast systems may be central, lateral, staye or unstayed. They may be attached to the hulls or to a moving ring or on a bearing as illustrated above. The yard of the sail system can also effectively act as the boat mast as illustrated in Fig. 8 of the drawings.
  • Figs. 9-22 illustrate further embodiments of the invention.
  • the MFP may be supported by and move along a fixed straight or curved rail, a swivelling pole, bar, a rotating bearing, a ring to support it on peripheral bearings or a combination of any of these.
  • Vessels in accordance with the invention may be provided with additional sail, especially side sails.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Un voilier comporte une structure de coque (10); un système de voiles comprenant une voile (1) portée et prolongée par (au moins) une paire de mâtereaux, c'est-à-dire un gui (2) fixé au ton de la voile, et une vergue (3) fixée à la tête de la voile et au gui; ainsi qu'un dispositif monté sur la coque et servant à porter le système de voiles au niveau de deux points de celles-ci, c'est-à-dire à un point situé au milieu du gui, ou à proximité de celui-ci, (point mid-foot, MFP), et un point situé sur la vergue au-dessus du gui (le point supérieur, HP), de sorte que le point mid-foot du gui puisse se déplacer d'un côté de la coque jusqu'à l'autre, que le plan général du système de voiles soit vertical, et qu'une ligne (l'axe de la voile, SA) reliant le point mid-foot au point supérieur entrecoupe le plan de symétrie de la coque au niveau d'un point de pivotement (PP) qui demeure généralement fixe par rapport à la coque.
PCT/GB1991/000924 1990-06-07 1991-06-07 Greements generateurs de force ascensionnelle WO1991018788A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9012723.4 1990-06-07
GB909012723A GB9012723D0 (en) 1990-06-07 1990-06-07 Lifting rigs
GB9014060.9 1990-06-25
GB909014060A GB9014060D0 (en) 1990-06-25 1990-06-25 Lifting rigs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991018788A1 true WO1991018788A1 (fr) 1991-12-12

Family

ID=26297177

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1991/000924 WO1991018788A1 (fr) 1990-06-07 1991-06-07 Greements generateurs de force ascensionnelle

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8088991A (fr)
WO (1) WO1991018788A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998005552A1 (fr) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 Paolo Chiaves Greement propulsif pour bateaux a voiles et bateau a voile pourvu dudit greement
FR2769581A1 (fr) 1997-10-15 1999-04-16 Arnaud Yves Rene Soustre Mat a geometrie variable
GB2351269A (en) * 1999-06-25 2000-12-27 Duncan Res & Dev Ltd Craft with a pivotally mounted tilting sail
GB2382557A (en) * 2001-08-14 2003-06-04 John Godfrey Morley Wind powered vehicle having a lifting rig
NL1024335C2 (nl) 2003-09-19 2005-03-22 Nanne Jan Johan Drost Zeilvaartuig.
US6932010B1 (en) 2004-04-06 2005-08-23 John Garrison Hoyt Sailboat with offset boom
KR200450569Y1 (ko) * 2008-03-03 2010-10-12 전오근 회전하는 갑판이 구비되며 돛의 양력을 이용하여 항주하는레저기구

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6732670B2 (en) 2000-06-13 2004-05-11 William Richards Rayner Sailing craft
WO2001096176A1 (fr) * 2000-06-13 2001-12-20 William Richards Rayner Petit bateau a voiles
EP1289829A4 (fr) * 2000-06-13 2006-03-22 William Richards Rayner Petit bateau a voiles

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1856803A (en) * 1930-09-10 1932-05-03 Edward L Blackman Fore and aft rigged vessel
FR2173389A5 (fr) * 1972-02-22 1973-10-05 Lenoble Jean Paul
DE2911397A1 (de) * 1979-03-23 1980-09-25 Ernst Amberg Taklung fuer segelboote, trimarane und katamarane
FR2537943A1 (fr) * 1982-12-20 1984-06-22 Dudouyt Jean Paul Vehicule leger a voile avec mat a emplanture mobile
EP0153568A2 (fr) * 1984-01-16 1985-09-04 Mark Belvedere Voilier multicoque avec portance variable

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1856803A (en) * 1930-09-10 1932-05-03 Edward L Blackman Fore and aft rigged vessel
FR2173389A5 (fr) * 1972-02-22 1973-10-05 Lenoble Jean Paul
DE2911397A1 (de) * 1979-03-23 1980-09-25 Ernst Amberg Taklung fuer segelboote, trimarane und katamarane
FR2537943A1 (fr) * 1982-12-20 1984-06-22 Dudouyt Jean Paul Vehicule leger a voile avec mat a emplanture mobile
EP0153568A2 (fr) * 1984-01-16 1985-09-04 Mark Belvedere Voilier multicoque avec portance variable

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998005552A1 (fr) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 Paolo Chiaves Greement propulsif pour bateaux a voiles et bateau a voile pourvu dudit greement
FR2769581A1 (fr) 1997-10-15 1999-04-16 Arnaud Yves Rene Soustre Mat a geometrie variable
GB2351269A (en) * 1999-06-25 2000-12-27 Duncan Res & Dev Ltd Craft with a pivotally mounted tilting sail
GB2351269B (en) * 1999-06-25 2003-01-15 Duncan Res & Dev Ltd Craft with tilting sail
GB2382557A (en) * 2001-08-14 2003-06-04 John Godfrey Morley Wind powered vehicle having a lifting rig
GB2382557B (en) * 2001-08-14 2005-05-04 John Godfrey Morley Wind powered vehicle
NL1024335C2 (nl) 2003-09-19 2005-03-22 Nanne Jan Johan Drost Zeilvaartuig.
WO2005028302A1 (fr) 2003-09-19 2005-03-31 Nanne Jan Johan Drost Bateau a voile
US6932010B1 (en) 2004-04-06 2005-08-23 John Garrison Hoyt Sailboat with offset boom
KR200450569Y1 (ko) * 2008-03-03 2010-10-12 전오근 회전하는 갑판이 구비되며 돛의 양력을 이용하여 항주하는레저기구

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8088991A (en) 1991-12-31

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