WO1991001880A1 - Collage de stratifies - Google Patents

Collage de stratifies Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991001880A1
WO1991001880A1 PCT/GB1990/001197 GB9001197W WO9101880A1 WO 1991001880 A1 WO1991001880 A1 WO 1991001880A1 GB 9001197 W GB9001197 W GB 9001197W WO 9101880 A1 WO9101880 A1 WO 9101880A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
interlayer
glass
rollers
heated
sheets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1990/001197
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Charles Roger Mortimore
Original Assignee
Charles Roger Mortimore
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Charles Roger Mortimore filed Critical Charles Roger Mortimore
Publication of WO1991001880A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991001880A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10752—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polycarbonate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
    • B32B17/10862—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using pressing-rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
    • B32B17/10871—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing in combination with particular heat treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process and apparatus for laminating sheets of glass.
  • Laminated glass is presently made by pressing together the sheets which are to form the laminated structure with a bonding plastics interlayer between them.
  • the known process involves heating the component sheets under pressure in an autoclave at a raised temperature. The sheets are subjected to this temperature and pressure for several hours and then allowed to cool undisturbed for a further considerable time.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a glass laminating process which is continuous and requires less energy to laminate a given area and thickness of glass than known processes, especially the ones involving a final-stage autoclaving.
  • the sheets and the interlayer will bond sufficiently for any further heat treatment - such as autoclaving - to be unnecessary; thereby turning a multi-stage batch-production process into a single-stage continuous- production one as well as achieving considerable energy savings and optimising the efficiency of the whole process.
  • the interlayer is heated to between 100 C and 180 C as temperatures falling within this range have been found, with appropriate rolling pressures, to optimise the balancing of time, energy and adequacy of final bond.
  • the final bond of course occurs as the hot laminate emerges from the end-stage of the process and cools.
  • the necessary heating means are subdivided into separately operable units arranged transversely with respect to the direction of movement of the laminate. This allows the temperature across the sheets to be substantially evened out and otherwise controlled efficiently.
  • part of the set-up procedure for the plant apparatus may involve sending a sheet of heat-conductive material between the rollers and the heating means before the laminate is passed through.
  • the sheet serves to even out the temperature distribution within the apparatus.
  • Successive sheets of glass with their respective inter layers then follow one another through the apparatus, almost touching each other, in the normal fully-automated production plant. But if for any reason a significant delay is experienced, the heat-conductive sheet can be reintroduced.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of laminating apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a end view of the apparatus of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the apparatus of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system used to urge compressing rollers together.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the configuration of heating elements in the apparatus of Figure l.
  • laminating apparatus for bonding a laminate 11 of sheets of glass and an interlayer of hot melt adhesive comprises a bed 10 on which are mounted a set of four adjustable lower pinch rollers 12. Generally aligned with a plane defined by the top of the lower pinch rollers 12 is a set of conveyor rollers 14. An upper pinch roller 16 is adjustably mounted above each lower pinch roller 12. Each of the rollers 12 and 16 comprises a steel inner body covered by a 3 mm layer of silicone rubber, giving an overall diameter of 200 mm. The rollers are spaced with 500 mm between centres. Each upper roller 16 is journalled on each side in a journal block 18 having slots which are vertically movable over guides 19 in a bearing housing plate 20.
  • a hydraulic piston and cylinder device 22 is mounted on each side of the bed between separate pairs of upper rollers 16.
  • the cylinder end of the device 22 is removably pivotably held with respect to the bed by means of a pin 26 projecting through a hole in a mounting plate 24 which is itself fixed to the bed.
  • the piston end of the device 22 is removably pivotably attached to a crossbar 27 by means of another pin 26 passing through a hole in the bar.
  • the position of securement of the piston- and ends of the device 22 to both the bed and the rocking crossbar can be shifted by relocating the pins in any of the series of further respectively adjacent holes.
  • the crossbar 27 bears on each of the journal bearing blocks 18 through a connecting rod 28.
  • the rod 28 rides in a yoke 30 above the bearing.
  • the force exerted by the device 22 can be controlled by limiting the extent of travel of the rod 28 by means of an adjustable nut 32 threadedly received on each rod 28 which abuts the top of the yoke 30.
  • infrared heaters 34 In between the rollers 12 and 16 are disposed banks of infrared heaters 34.
  • the heaters are separately controlled by thyristor banks in patterns as illustrated in Figure 5.
  • the commonly lettered heating elements * are connected to a common thyristor controller. It is found that ceramic elements sold by the company Pearlco of Units 1-4, Derwent Yard, Derwent Road, Ealing, London, 54 T as "FSR Elements" provide adequate control of the heat.
  • each row of heaters is 375, 325, 250, 200, 250, 325 and 375 watts from one end of the bank of heaters to the other. It is possible to use banks of heaters switched on and off using on/off control, but the degree of control obtained by the above arrangement is preferable.
  • the rollers 12 and 16 are driven by a three-phase electric motor 35 and a triple reduction gearbox 36 having a 12.5:1 ratio controllable to rotate the rollers via gear wheels 38 at between 1 and 12 rev/min.
  • a three-phase electric motor 35 and a triple reduction gearbox 36 having a 12.5:1 ratio controllable to rotate the rollers via gear wheels 38 at between 1 and 12 rev/min.
  • the thickness of the composite of materials making up the laminate will determine the speed of the motor for a given case along with the power of the heating elements.
  • the banks of heaters 34 are mounted between the rollers 12 and 16 within reflective aluminium foil lined insulated compartments 40 to enhance their efficiency. It may also be preferable to install a vent flap in the top of each compartment in order to derive further control of the heat at the glass and to prevent the rollers 12 and 16 from overheating by providing a means of ventilation for them. The flaps would also prove useful in hastening cooling of the apparatus when no glass is present.
  • the bases of the longitudinally spaced walls 42 of the compartments are flared outwardly at the lower ends and beneath the upper rollers 16 in order further to protect the upper roller surfaces. Similar flared skirts 43 are positioned adjacent the lower rollers to protect them from the heat from the heaters 34.
  • the spacing of the rollers 12 and 16 and the heaters 34 is a compromise between the need to pinch the glass as close together as possible along the laminating direction and to provide enough space for the heaters in between. If the rollers are too far spaced apart the glass constituents of the heated laminate tend to bow outwardly between pairs of pinch rollers and become detached from the hot melt adhesive interlayer.
  • the laminated glass is fed onto a receiving table 44.
  • each pair of piston and cylinder devices 22 on either end of the pairs of roller sets are charged by means of a hand pump P through an isolating valve 50.
  • the pressure exerted on the device 22 is indicated by a gauge 52.
  • the pressure is maintained by means of a charged accumulator 56 also connected in the line, which also absorbs displacement of the upper rollers as the glass passes between them.
  • the hot melt adhesive used is a plastics material known as polyvinylbutyral (PVB) .
  • PVB polyvinylbutyral
  • K-resin ultra-violet stabilised styrene-butadiene block copolymer
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • a black anodised aluminium sheet is passed through the apparatus. It is found that the warmed up heaters tend to cause the heat inside the apparatus to accumulate at either end. By passing the aluminium sheet through, the localised heating is more evenly distributed before the glass enters the apparatus.
  • the rollers were set to a gap of 1 mm less than the total thickness of the laminate.
  • the piston and cylinder devices applied a pressure of up to about 3,000 psi on each roller pair which is equivalent to a localised loading on the layers of glass of about 10 tonnes.
  • the temperature of the bonding layer was raised to between 120 and 150 °C or even up to 180°C.
  • the resulting bonded laminate was clear when it emerged onto the receiving table where there were no impurities existing between the layers. It was noted that water or any other contaminates between the layers tended to impair the quality of the finished laminate. In order to avoid this it is preferable that the glass and the PVB are thoroughly cleaned and dried before the laminating begins.
  • One method of achieving this is to use ultrasonic-cleaning.
  • rollers may be adjusted to have gradually closer gaps along the direction of travel of the glass.
  • the rollers may indeed be grouped together in a bank with no heaters between them.
  • the heater is preferably before the roller banks. It may also, in some situations, be that a heater may be disposed on either side of the bank of rollers.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is both highly efficient in terms of the power consumed in a laminating run and by virtue of the fact that it is essentially a continuous process.
  • the apparatus is also very flexible and can be easily adjusted to accommodate different glass or adhesive layers.
  • this illustrated apparatus is a manually controlled pilot plant.
  • a continuous-scale production plant would be equipped with advanced measuring equipment for monitoring and controlling such variables as (a) temperature across the laminate at multiple points (b ) pressure on each roller or combin ⁇ ation of pinch/drive rollers (c ) speed of the moving laminate through the machine.
  • the necessary sensors in such an automated plant would connect to a controller which monitors and adjusts the conditions in line with the equasion of temperature , time and pressure arrived at by experimentation and development of the specific apparatus built in any one production instance.
  • vent flaps previously referred to would eventually together with the heaters and drives to each roller be microprocessor controlled .
  • the receiving table 44 may well comprise an equivalent part of a continuous system.
  • hot melt adhesive layer is the "interlayer" of the invention in its broadest aspect.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un procédé de production de verre à vitres feuilleté, une couche intermédiaire apropriée agencée entre deux plaques de verre passe entre un ou plusieurs ensembles de rouleaux pinceurs et est chauffée pendant qu'elle se déplace, afin de coller la couche intermédiaire aux deux plaques. Le procédé présente les caractéristiques suivantes: (a) les deux plaques et la couche intermédiaire ne sont pas mutuellement collées au début du processus, puis sont chauffées et laminées simultanément pendant tout le processus; et (b) la couche intermédiaire est chauffée au moins jsuqu'à sa température de déformation plastique, de préférence jusqu'à une température supérieure à sa température de déformation plastique.
PCT/GB1990/001197 1989-08-01 1990-08-01 Collage de stratifies WO1991001880A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898917590A GB8917590D0 (en) 1989-08-01 1989-08-01 Bonding laminations
GB8917590.5 1989-08-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991001880A1 true WO1991001880A1 (fr) 1991-02-21

Family

ID=10660995

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1990/001197 WO1991001880A1 (fr) 1989-08-01 1990-08-01 Collage de stratifies

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6062490A (fr)
GB (2) GB8917590D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991001880A1 (fr)

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0707949A3 (fr) * 1994-10-20 1996-09-11 Tamglass Eng Oy Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des vitrages
EP0707950A3 (fr) * 1994-10-20 1996-09-11 Tamglass Eng Oy Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des vitrages
WO2004085148A1 (fr) * 2003-03-20 2004-10-07 Cardinal Ig Company Verre feuillete non traite en autoclave
WO2006033994A1 (fr) * 2004-09-17 2006-03-30 Cardinal Lg Company Verre stratifié sans autoclave
EP1814726A1 (fr) * 2004-11-09 2007-08-08 Tamglass Ltd. Oy Procede et appareil pour laminer des panneaux de verre
EP1938964A1 (fr) 2006-12-29 2008-07-02 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Vitrages de sécurité résistants aux intrusions et modules de cellules solaires
US7641965B1 (en) 2008-06-30 2010-01-05 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Transparent light-weight safety glazings
US7704342B2 (en) * 2001-12-27 2010-04-27 Solutia, Inc. Glass lamination process
WO2010051525A1 (fr) 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Articles stratifiés à transparence élevé comportant une couche ionomère intermédiaire
WO2010077427A1 (fr) 2008-12-31 2010-07-08 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Laminés comprenant des intercouches ionomères à faible voile et à résistance élevée à l'humidité
WO2010080469A2 (fr) 2008-12-19 2010-07-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Modules de cellules solaires mécaniquement fiables
US7759414B2 (en) 2005-07-14 2010-07-20 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Nanoparticulate solar control compositions
WO2010102282A1 (fr) 2009-03-06 2010-09-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Stratifiés en verre légers
US7968186B2 (en) 2007-07-03 2011-06-28 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Glass laminates comprising acoustic interlayers and solar control films
WO2011156305A1 (fr) 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procédé pour la préparation de structures de films multicouches transparentes comprenant une couche de résine copolymère perfluorée
WO2011156308A1 (fr) 2010-06-07 2011-12-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procédé pour la préparation de structures multicouches contenant une couche de résine copolymère perfluorée
US8097114B2 (en) 2007-09-17 2012-01-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Glass laminate containing ionomer
US8097113B2 (en) 2007-09-17 2012-01-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Glass laminate containing poly vinyl acetal
DE202007019352U1 (de) 2006-08-30 2012-01-31 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Solarzellenmodule unfassend mit Poly(allylamin) und Poly(vinylamin) grundierte Polyesterfolien
WO2012016123A1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Films multicouches contenant une couche de résine de copolymère fluoré et une couche d'encapsulation
WO2012016053A1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Agents d'encapsulation ionomères réticulables pour des cellules photovoltaïques
WO2012016127A1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Matériaux réticulables pour laminés de sécurité
WO2012015727A1 (fr) 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Structures multicouches contenant une couche de résine de copolymère fluoré et une couche de terpolymère d'éthylène
US8168885B2 (en) 2007-02-12 2012-05-01 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Low modulus solar cell encapsulant sheets with enhanced stability and adhesion
US8338699B2 (en) 2009-01-22 2012-12-25 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Poly(vinyl butyral) encapsulant comprising chelating agents for solar cell modules
US8399095B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2013-03-19 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Solar cells modules comprising low haze encapsulants
US8399081B2 (en) 2008-12-31 2013-03-19 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Solar cell modules comprising encapsulant sheets with low haze and high moisture resistance
WO2013165637A1 (fr) 2012-05-02 2013-11-07 Henkel Corporation Agents d'encapsulation durcissables et utilisation de ces derniers
US8609777B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2013-12-17 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Cross-linkable encapsulants for photovoltaic cells
WO2014059206A1 (fr) 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Stratifié de verre avec intercouches d'ionomère à nanocharges
WO2014100301A1 (fr) 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polymères réticulés et leur utilisation dans des modules photovoltaïques
US8871335B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2014-10-28 Kuraray America Inc. Solar control laminate
WO2015085165A1 (fr) 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Feuilles de couche intermédiaire polymères et stratifiés légers produits à partir de celles-ci
WO2015084902A1 (fr) 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 Corning Incorporated Procédés de formation de motifs dans des structures feuilletées en verre fin
EP2883694A1 (fr) 2013-12-12 2015-06-17 Agfa Graphics Nv Verre de sécurité stratifié

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US8097107B2 (en) 2007-11-30 2012-01-17 Bond Brothers Contracting Pty Ltd. Single stage glass lamination apparatus and process

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US2235958A (en) * 1937-02-26 1941-03-25 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Process for pressing laminated glass
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GB2198507A (en) * 1986-12-09 1988-06-15 British Gas Plc Stock heating furnaces

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2163648A (en) * 1936-05-09 1939-06-27 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Manufacture of laminated safety glass
US2235958A (en) * 1937-02-26 1941-03-25 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Process for pressing laminated glass
US2279112A (en) * 1937-05-28 1942-04-07 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Pressing apparatus

Cited By (58)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0707949A3 (fr) * 1994-10-20 1996-09-11 Tamglass Eng Oy Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des vitrages
EP0707950A3 (fr) * 1994-10-20 1996-09-11 Tamglass Eng Oy Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des vitrages
AU691030B2 (en) * 1994-10-20 1998-05-07 Tamglass Ltd. Oy Method and apparatus for laminating glass sheets
AU691029B2 (en) * 1994-10-20 1998-05-07 Tamglass Engineering Oy Method and apparatus for laminating glass sheets
US5853516A (en) * 1994-10-20 1998-12-29 Tamglass Engineering Oy Method and apparatus for laminating glass sheets
US5906695A (en) * 1994-10-20 1999-05-25 Tamglass Engineering Oy Method and apparatus for laminating glass sheets
US7704342B2 (en) * 2001-12-27 2010-04-27 Solutia, Inc. Glass lamination process
WO2004085148A1 (fr) * 2003-03-20 2004-10-07 Cardinal Ig Company Verre feuillete non traite en autoclave
US7117914B2 (en) 2003-03-20 2006-10-10 Cardinal Lg Company Non-autoclave laminated glass
US7143800B2 (en) 2003-03-20 2006-12-05 Cardinal Lg Company Non-autoclave laminated glass
WO2006033994A1 (fr) * 2004-09-17 2006-03-30 Cardinal Lg Company Verre stratifié sans autoclave
EP1814726A1 (fr) * 2004-11-09 2007-08-08 Tamglass Ltd. Oy Procede et appareil pour laminer des panneaux de verre
EP1814726A4 (fr) * 2004-11-09 2013-03-27 Tamglass Ltd Oy Procede et appareil pour laminer des panneaux de verre
US7759414B2 (en) 2005-07-14 2010-07-20 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Nanoparticulate solar control compositions
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GB8917590D0 (en) 1989-09-13

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