WO1990010944A1 - Capteur d'acceleration - Google Patents

Capteur d'acceleration Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990010944A1
WO1990010944A1 PCT/EP1990/000421 EP9000421W WO9010944A1 WO 1990010944 A1 WO1990010944 A1 WO 1990010944A1 EP 9000421 W EP9000421 W EP 9000421W WO 9010944 A1 WO9010944 A1 WO 9010944A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acceleration sensor
mass body
spring elements
sensor according
acceleration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1990/000421
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Angerer
Guenter Zweck
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1990010944A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990010944A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/14—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch
    • H01H35/147—Switches operated by change of acceleration, e.g. by shock or vibration, inertia switch the switch being of the reed switch type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an acceleration sensor according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the spring elements are designed as torsion springs which hold a spherical mass body like a stop in the rest position. In the event of an impact, the mass body moves against the action of the torsion springs and is guided inside the housing through its inner contour. A switch is actuated at a threshold value of the acceleration.
  • acceleration sensor is exposed to considerable frictional influences, in particular between the housing and the mass body, which make the sensitivity highly dependent on additional parameters.
  • the temperature affects both the distance between the mass body and the housing and the elastic properties of the spring elements.
  • the influence of the direction of acceleration is noticeable in such a way that with one decentralized impact of the mass body is increasingly supported against one of the two spring elements, while the other spring element increasingly loses influence.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing an acceleration sensor of the type mentioned at the outset which responds to the acting acceleration with high accuracy in a long-term stable manner.
  • the invention achieves this object in the case of an acceleration sensor of the type mentioned at the outset by the characterizing features of patent claim 1.
  • the fixing of the mass body relative to the housing by the two spring elements is essential for the function of the acceleration sensor according to the invention.
  • the mass body does not come into contact with the housing.
  • the mass body is likewise guided and held solely by the spring elements and is therefore not subject to any frictional influences.
  • the problems described, such as abrasion and temperature dependence are completely eliminated.
  • By guiding the spring elements during their movement it is also readily possible to take into account only the acceleration component which lies in the direction of movement of the mass body. All that is required is to secure the spring elements against lateral deflection.
  • a further development of the invention deals with the construction of the spring elements. These can, for example, have an open, for example C-shaped, shape and be fixed at one end within the housing. With the other end they carry the mass body. Such spring elements are relatively complex to manufacture and can only be provided with great effort in the precision required.
  • tubular springs are particularly easy to handle, both during their manufacture and during installation in the context of the present acceleration sensor.
  • tubular springs also make it possible to be installed pretensioned in such a way that the mass body is loaded with a transverse force perpendicular to its direction of movement. This results in a secure fixation and guidance of the mass body both in the idle state and during its acceleration-dependent movement.
  • the described possibilities for influencing the characteristic curve of the mass body / spring element system during the movement in a defined manner can thus be implemented particularly easily.
  • shaped elements can also be provided for this purpose, which come into effect during the movement of the mass body. As already stated, these shaped elements can be represented, for example, in the form of the run-off bevels within the housing. In addition, these shaped elements can be bodies which the spring elements encounter during their movement and which can further influence the characteristic in the desired manner.
  • the shaped elements can be arranged within the spring elements and thus contribute to a further reduction in the construction volume.
  • the acceleration sensor also enables the acceleration sensor to be self-tested. If, for example, the mass body is made of magnetic material and a magnet coil is assigned to it, which moves the mass body against the action of the spring elements, it is thus possible to test the acceleration sensor outside the functional time by switching the magnet coil on and off. Through a targeted setting of the excitation current for the magnetic coil, the critical sections of the characteristic curve of the acceleration sensor or a switch responding to an acceleration threshold value can also be queried and found to be OK, if provided. In this way it is easily possible to avoid a false triggering of the acceleration sensor.
  • the application of the invention can be applied to an impact sensor that responds to an acceleration threshold value and to an acceleration sensor that responds to any values of linear acceleration. respectively.
  • an impact sensor there is usually a switch which is actuated when the acceleration threshold value is reached, for example by the movement of the mass body.
  • the mass body can serve as an aperture between a switch consisting of transmitter and receiver, which comes into or out of effect when the acceleration threshold value is exceeded.
  • the aperture can be, for example, a magnetic aperture in the context of a reed contact switch.
  • Fig. 1 shows the construction of a
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative acceleration sensor in section.
  • the acceleration sensor of FIG. 1 has a housing 1 with a rectangular basic cross section and an approximately square longitudinal cross section.
  • Two tubular springs 2 which are clamped symmetrically in the installed state, hold a mass body 3 which can be moved in the direction of an arrow P as a function of acceleration.
  • the mass body 3 is extended on one side in the direction of the direction of action via the outer contour of the tube springs 2 and serves as an orifice 4.
  • This orifice is made of magnetic material and represents part of the accelerating mass Bourdon tubes 2 can be installed if necessary and together with the mass body 2 together with the aperture 4 give the entire acceleration mass.
  • the aperture 4 interacts with a reed contact 6 and a permanent magnet 7.
  • the permanent magnet 7 is shielded from the reed contact 6 by the diaphragm 4.
  • an additional guide screen 8 is provided, which is formed by molded pieces 9.
  • the fittings 9 sit on the inside of the housing 1 and are used for rigid attachment of the tubular springs 2. These in turn hold the mass body 3 firmly.
  • a permanently elastic filling compound 13 fixes the reed contact 6 and the permanent magnet 7.
  • a stop 11 for the mass body 3 there is a coil with which it is possible to pull the mass body and thus bring the diaphragm 4 outside the area between the permanent magnet 7 and the reed contact 6.
  • the mass body 3 consists of magnetic material at least in the area opposite the stop 11. In this way it is possible to carry out a self-test of the acceleration sensor or the reed contact 6.
  • connection points between the tube springs 2 and the shaped pieces 9 or the mass body 3 can be produced by spot welding, clipping or gluing.
  • the size of the connection points, in particular in the direction of action, together with the rigidity of the tubular springs 2, determines the sensitivity and the minimum acceleration required for the movement of the mass body 3. Due to the radial prestressing of the tubular springs 2, the mass body 3 is reliably held in the middle and at the same time in the effective direction (arrow P) guided. This guidance can be supported by the guide screen 8 and by additional guide elements 12.
  • the tube springs 2 take over the guidance of the mass body 3 perpendicular to the plane shown, without additional measures, since these are known to be extremely stiff in this direction (width b).
  • the function of the tube springs 2 in the effective direction is determined linearly once, depending on the spring thickness s, on the radial deformation distance A and on the size of the fastening surfaces 14 and their effective length L.
  • the linear spring function can be any, i.e. H. also nonlinear function can be superimposed. It is essential here that none of the changeable or fixed parameters can cause the tubular springs 2 and thus also the mass body 3 to be prevented from friction.
  • the path of the mass body 3 is limited by the stop 11, which can also be made adjustable.
  • a switching element working via a spring force is provided instead of the reed contact 6.
  • a contact spring 17 is welded onto the end of the mass body 3 'and the mating contact surface 18 is accommodated on the housing 1.
  • the mass body 3 'and the tube springs 2 are also used as current-carrying elements.
  • the simple construction results in the essential advantages of the acceleration sensor in addition to the functional safety as well as the possibility of a cost reduction compared to known acceleration sensors.
  • the named constructive measures make it possible to precisely set the parameters required for the movement or triggering of a switch. An exact function is maintained over the long term. It is also worth mentioning the small overall volume of the acceleration sensor.
  • an inductive or capacitive displacement measuring system can also be provided, which delivers a variable output signal corresponding to the movement of the mass body 3 or the diaphragm 4.
  • the acceleration sensor thus supplies an output signal which is a measure of the magnitude of the linear acceleration acting.
  • strain gauges can also be arranged on the curved part (s) of the tubular springs 2. In conjunction with a downstream bridge circuit, it is thus possible to obtain a signal proportional to the acceleration.
  • the acceleration sensor then works on an ohmic basis.

Landscapes

  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

Un capteur de l'accélération comprend une masse mue par inertie retenue dans la position de repos dans son logement par deux éléments élastiques fixés dans le logement et qui saisissent la masse de manière symétrique. Lorsque l'accélération dépasse une valeur de seuil, la masse actionne un commutateur. Les éléments élastiques soutiennent la masse par rapport au logement dans la position de repos et pendant le déplacement en fonction de l'accélération, et maintiennent en outre la masse en liaison mécanique constante. On obtient ainsi un capteur d'accélération stable à long terme dont la construction est simple et le fonctionnement toujours exact.
PCT/EP1990/000421 1989-03-15 1990-03-15 Capteur d'acceleration WO1990010944A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3908368.3 1989-03-15
DE19893908368 DE3908368A1 (de) 1989-03-15 1989-03-15 Beschleunigungssensor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990010944A1 true WO1990010944A1 (fr) 1990-09-20

Family

ID=6376361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1990/000421 WO1990010944A1 (fr) 1989-03-15 1990-03-15 Capteur d'acceleration

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0463017A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04505987A (fr)
DE (1) DE3908368A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990010944A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0477839A2 (fr) * 1990-09-25 1992-04-01 W. Günther GmbH Capteur d'accélération avec au moins un élément de commutation actionné par champ magnétique
EP0489199A1 (fr) * 1990-12-06 1992-06-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Senseur de collision pour véhicule

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2126292A1 (fr) * 1971-02-22 1972-10-06 Allied Chem
US3737599A (en) * 1971-10-26 1973-06-05 Gulton Ind Inc Acceleration switch with magnetic permeable metal sleeve for shunting magnetic field
US4203015A (en) * 1978-10-05 1980-05-13 General Motors Corporation Roller bank sensor contact system
US4380692A (en) * 1981-05-20 1983-04-19 General Motors Corporation Roller band sensor
WO1988008613A1 (fr) * 1987-04-24 1988-11-03 Ddm Hopt + Schuler Gmbh & Co. Kg Commutateur declenche par acceleration

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3812726A (en) * 1972-09-28 1974-05-28 Technar Inc Velocity responsive apparatus
US4020302A (en) * 1975-02-21 1977-04-26 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Sensor having spring biasing structure to retain conductive bridging inertial mass in a non-operative position
DE2644606A1 (de) * 1976-10-02 1978-04-06 Daimler Benz Ag Magnetisch betaetigter elektrischer schalter
DE3216321C1 (de) * 1982-05-03 1983-09-29 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Magnetisch betaetigter elektrischer Schalter
US4470302A (en) * 1982-06-21 1984-09-11 Carte Norman E Indicating shipping accelerometer
DE3338287C1 (de) * 1983-10-21 1985-05-02 W. Günther GmbH, 8500 Nürnberg Beschleunigungs- und Verzoegerungs-Sensor
DE3716623C1 (de) * 1987-04-16 1988-09-22 Ruf Hermann Gmbh Co Kg Lageschalter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2126292A1 (fr) * 1971-02-22 1972-10-06 Allied Chem
US3737599A (en) * 1971-10-26 1973-06-05 Gulton Ind Inc Acceleration switch with magnetic permeable metal sleeve for shunting magnetic field
US4203015A (en) * 1978-10-05 1980-05-13 General Motors Corporation Roller bank sensor contact system
US4380692A (en) * 1981-05-20 1983-04-19 General Motors Corporation Roller band sensor
WO1988008613A1 (fr) * 1987-04-24 1988-11-03 Ddm Hopt + Schuler Gmbh & Co. Kg Commutateur declenche par acceleration

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0477839A2 (fr) * 1990-09-25 1992-04-01 W. Günther GmbH Capteur d'accélération avec au moins un élément de commutation actionné par champ magnétique
EP0477839A3 (en) * 1990-09-25 1992-09-30 W. Guenther Gmbh Acceleration sensor with at least one magnetic switch device
EP0489199A1 (fr) * 1990-12-06 1992-06-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Senseur de collision pour véhicule

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0463017A1 (fr) 1992-01-02
DE3908368A1 (de) 1990-09-20
JPH04505987A (ja) 1992-10-15

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