Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
  • B01J20/2803—Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
  • B01J20/28042—Shaped bodies; Monolithic structures
  • B01J20/28045—Honeycomb or cellular structures; Solid foams or sponges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
  • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
  • B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
  • B01J20/28095—Shape or type of pores, voids, channels, ducts
  • B01J20/28097—Shape or type of pores, voids, channels, ducts being coated, filled or plugged with specific compounds

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device and method for the reversible adsorption of chlorinated hydrocarbons, in particular perchlorethylene, on suitable adsorbents.
• the invention is based on a device and a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• Chlorohydrocarbon compounds in which one or more hydrocarbon atoms have been replaced by chlorine atoms are, for example, the chloromethanes which are easily absorbed through the skin and which have partially narcotic properties.
• Such connections are used, inter alia, in heat transfer and pest Pesticides contain all of their well-known effects, not least the polychlorinated biphenyls, puranes, dioxins and many more
• Hydrocarbons in which all H atoms are substituted by Cl atoms are referred to as perchlorinated compounds or chlorinated hydrocarbons. They include carbon tetrachloride, tetrachlorethylene, hexachloroethane, hexachlorobenzene, etc.
• Tetrachlorethylene in particular, such as perchlorethylene or PER for short, are excellent solvents and extractants for animal and vegetable fats and oils. These are excellent degreasing agents for metal parts and devices, as well as very effective cleaning agents for the chemical cleaning of textiles. Production and use are correspondingly high, but the emissions of PER in the vicinity are also proportionate. In the Federal Republic of Germany alone, they are estimated to be around 60,000 T annually. in living quarters, supermarkets, restaurants or commercial establishments that are in the immediate vicinity of chemical cleaning facilities, PER concentrations are often far above the legally permitted
• the aim of the present invention was therefore to create a device and a method which is easy and environmentally friendly to handle, with which chlorinated hydrocarbons, in particular PER, are reversibly adsorbed and after thermal desorption with the greatest possible regeneration of the adsorptively active system Allow it to be returned to the solvent cycle as completely as possible.
• Adsorption materials comes. Regeneration is often carried out using water vapor when the CHC is practically immiscible with water. However, it cannot be complete if extremely long periods of time are not available for this, since CHCs adsorbed deep inside the granules are difficult to access. Handling the used adsorption materials, in particular activated carbon, is also problematic because of the large dust load.
• CHC-suitable adsorbents such as activated carbon, molecular sieves, tenax (2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide) or mixtures thereof in thin layers, with suitable binders which may support the adsorption, such as, for example, AlgO, are applied to gas-permeable, open-pore support bodies, such as foam ceramic, glass ceramic foam, ceramic membranes and others. If the substance to be adsorbed does not have a dissolving effect and the temperatures are not too high, reticulated polyurethane foam or the like can also be used as the carrier material.
• the adsorptive particles with their porous structure and the correspondingly large surface are only firmly anchored in the binder layer on their underside, while the upper part remains easily accessible. This results in a surprisingly large absorption capacity for chlorinated hydrocarbons, as was shown in laboratory tests.
• Ex-containing exhaust air is suctioned 1 from the cleaning machine 2. It then flows through a coarse filter 3 . where it is freed from solid particles, in the open-pore, gas-permeable adsorption system of the ceramic filter 4, there the chlorinated hydrocarbons are removed by adsorption. The remaining air is returned to the cleaning machine 2, which creates a closed circuit.
• a pump is indicated at 5 and a hot air fan at 6 for PER recycling.
• the thermal desorption is carried out in a ei ⁇ genes, closed circuit, respectively, when the exhaust air circulation is not in operation, eg CS ⁇ rend the working phase of the cleaning machine 0 Using a hot-air fan 6, heated air is passed through the adsorption system, thereby desorbed CKW and be carried along. After cooling, they condense and return to the PER storage tank 7 and are then fully available again as cleaning agents. It is particularly worth mentioning that the temperature required for the desorption is also below the respective CHC boiling point - at PER 121 ° C., ie the energy expenditure for the recycling process can be kept low,
• a device consisting of a vacuum pump and cold trap can be provided in such a way that the desorbed chlorinated hydrocarbons are collected and placed in the solution. medium cycle can be returned. It is particularly important here to use hard, rigid and therefore non-deformable support bodies made of preferably ceramic materials.
• a valve can also be installed in such a way that the exhaust air circuit, which is in principle closed, can be opened to the atmosphere, so that cleaned exhaust air can escape.
• two adsorption systems can also be arranged such that adsorption and desorption can take place in tandem operation.
• a total room air disposal can also be installed, equipped with an adsorption and filter ⁇ system according to claim 1, various suction devices in the form of point disposal can be connected to this system, for example on the machine door, the ironing board, a closed cupboard as an interim storage for freshly cleaned clothes, etc.
• the adsorptive filter system is also - as listed in claim 3 to 5 -, in wt ⁇ issen Zeit ⁇ intervals automatically condensation and remindge- winnung of PER regenerated.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=4196076

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (7)

• 1989
  • 1989-03-07 CH CH82589A patent/CH681695A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1990
  • 1990-03-06 WO PCT/CH1990/000056 patent/WO1990010498A1/de not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (7)

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