WO1990010097A1 - Epurateur d'eau - Google Patents

Epurateur d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990010097A1
WO1990010097A1 PCT/US1990/000521 US9000521W WO9010097A1 WO 1990010097 A1 WO1990010097 A1 WO 1990010097A1 US 9000521 W US9000521 W US 9000521W WO 9010097 A1 WO9010097 A1 WO 9010097A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
anode
cathode
set forth
water purifier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1990/000521
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mark Sherman
Joseph W. Miller
Original Assignee
Mark Sherman
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mark Sherman filed Critical Mark Sherman
Publication of WO1990010097A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990010097A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4602—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for prevention or elimination of deposits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4606—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for producing oligodynamic substances to disinfect the water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46119—Cleaning the electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/42—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from bathing facilities, e.g. swimming pools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4611—Fluid flow
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4616—Power supply
    • C02F2201/46165—Special power supply, e.g. solar energy or batteries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a self-contained, portable water purification device, more particularly, to a completely self-contained, integrated, and portable water purifier incorporating an electrolytic purification cell placed within a housing and further providing for water
  • the purification device of this invention is an improvement over conventional water purification devices and methods.
  • chlorine is neither an efficient, healthful, nor a particularly economical sanitation agent. Furthermore, due to the continuing popularity of swimming pools, spas and hot tubs, there is an increasing public awareness of the dangers of handling, storing and using chlorine for water sanitation.
  • metallic ions kill or control algae and bacteria. It is also known that copper ions kill or otherwise prevent the growth of algae and that silver ions kill bacteria, especially e. coli. It is further known that zinc, aluminum, and gold ions, to name just a few can be used for the same or similar purposes.
  • purification cells These conventional devices utilize, for example, an excess of anodic reaction products, a particular linear relationship between purification cell current and treated water
  • purification cell efficiency such as longer contact time or purification call retention time for the water to be treated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved water purification device to purify water for pools, spas, hot tubs, lakes, ponds, and marshes without the need to add additional
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device to substantially eliminate or reduce the need for complicated circuits and hardware, and unnecessary equipment.
  • Still another further object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that employs a cell that can utilize a relatively high voltage, relatively large surface area and relatively low flow rates to produce an effective and efficient purification cell that can also kill germs by an electro-destructive process.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device to eliminate the problems associated with purification cells that typically convert high input voltage to relatively low voltage, e.g., six volts, namely cleaning, gassing, corrosion, and safety.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that addresses the drawbacks of the conventional devices, which have focuses primarily on components of the conventional devices, whereas the present invention approaches the solution by providing a novel and unique approach to the entire purification apparatus and process.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device that does not require transporting or causing movement either through a stationary purification cell or within the confines of the cell housing.
  • the present invention provides a purification cell that is buoyantly transported using natural currents to induce motion and flow.
  • the water purifier comprises housing means buoyantly supporting the device of the present invention. Purification means
  • purification means Power is provided for the purification means, in a preferred embodiment a solar panel provides the power source.
  • the water purification device may employ a housing or body, preferably circular, that is made so as to be buoyant when placed in water .
  • the water purifier is free to float and move about on the surface of the water.
  • the water purifier may be tethered and fixed so as not to move.
  • the buoyant or floating housing can support all of the parts required by the device.
  • the housing preferably supports from above in order to hold and maintain the electrolytic cell below the surface of the water being treated.
  • a guard or cage can be provided which surrounds the purification cell in order to reduce the likelihood of damage to the electrolytic purification cell.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of one of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an elevation of a basket used in one preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment of a cathode of the present invention.
  • the water purification cell is particularly adapted for providing water purification for a volume of water in which the buoyant housing floats in response to currents and wind. Tethering the purifier of the present invention provides localized purification as water currents move water volumes into operative association with the cell.
  • Solar powered purification cells in a preferred embodiment increase the overall applicability of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 show the water purifier 10 in conjunction with a buoyant embodiment that comprises a buoyant or floating housing means such as a
  • floating housing 12 supporting a solar power means which in a preferred embodiment includes a plurality of solar photovoltaic cells 14. It will be appreciated that
  • a guard means such as purification cell guard 16 removably attaches to housing 12.
  • the device 10 further includes a plurality of electrodes such as an anode means and a cathode means together providing primary electrolytic cell components.
  • anode means consists of a sacrificial anode 18 and cathode 20 means consists of a spirally wound wire cathode 20.
  • a preferred solar array 14 consists of solar photovoltaic cells 14a through 14j connected
  • the solar array 14 is secured to a suitable substrate 22, which in a preferred embodiment is an aluminum plate as illustrated in the drawings. It will be understood that an aluminum panel could provide the required board.
  • a protective coating 24 is applied over the finished solar array assembly 14, fasteners and terminals as illustrated in Figure 2 and as further described.
  • a copper clad surface coats the underside surface 26 of the substrate 22.
  • An aperture 28 is provided in buoyant housing 12 and receives an electrically conductive threaded bolt 30.
  • the bolt 30 in cooperation with a lock nut 34 conductively secures a copper clad washer 32 to the substrate 22.
  • a rubber washer 36 seals electrical connections on substrate undersurface 26 since the seal prevents water from entering between the anode 18 and the housing aperture 28.
  • the anode 18 defines a threaded bore 38 for threadably receiving the bolt 30.
  • a sealing means such as an edge gasket 40 is held in a sealing receiving means, such as a groove or channel 44 formed in or otherwise defined by housing 12.
  • clockwise rotation of anode 18 tightens, seals, and fastens the solar array assembly 14 and the anode 18 within the housing aperture 28.
  • the undersurface 26 of the aluminum plate includes a conductive ring 50 attached thereto as illustrated in the drawings.
  • the assembly 14 contains a positive output terminal 52 and a negative output terminal 54.
  • the positive output terminal 52 is conductively attached to an electrically conductive washer such as copper washer 32.
  • the positive output terminal 52 is soldered to the washer 32.
  • a conductive means on the underside surface 26 provides a conductive path from the solar cell array assembly 14 to the cathode means.
  • a conductive angular ring 50 is
  • a cathode means upper portion such as an upper coil portion 42 of the spirally wound wire cathode 20 conductively contacts the conductive ring 50 and provides for an electric current to pass from the solar array assembly 14 to the spiral wound cathode 20.
  • the cathode 20 is preferably embedded in the buoyant material of housing 12, as illustrated, and in a preferred embodiment the buoyant material is plastic such as ABS, polypropylene or polyethylene.
  • the anode 18 includes the threaded bore 38 at one end to accept the threaded bore 38
  • the anode 18 consists of an electrically
  • conductive elemental metal or transition metal including, but not limited to copper, silver, gold, platinum, zinc, aluminum, and titanium.
  • a prototype of anode 18 was prepared from a metallic alloy. The prototype anode composition was essentially 97% copper and 3% silver. Other percentages, other alloys and other conductive materials could be used for anode 18. For example, anode 18 could also consist of alloys further containing gold, platinum, zinc, aluminum, and titanium or other suitable transition metals.
  • a prototype of electrolytic purification cell of the present invention consists of an anode 18 of copper-silver alloy.
  • the cathode 20 consists of an electrically conductive metal from a group including galvanized iron wire, or stainless steel wire, or titanium wire spirally wrapped around and
  • the purification cell guard 16 includes a basket member attached to the electrode in a preferred embodiment as illustrated in the drawings figures.
  • the solar generating array or panel 14 communicates electric current directly to the cathode and anode by means of
  • electrolytic cell are sized and configured to provide a desired rate of purification.
  • the purification process includes the ionization of metallic ions which in a preferred embodiment are copper and silver ions but could include other transition metals, such as, zinc, aluminum, gold, platinum and titanium.
  • the process of the present invention also employs oxidation, whereby electrons are abstracted arid oxygen is added, a plating out and removal of calcium, and an electrocution process whereby germs are killed when contact is made with the electrodes.
  • the device provides a geometrically shaped cell, employing spiral wound wire cathode 20 similar to a coiled spring and which produces several new and useful features, around a center solid cylindrical anode 18.
  • One important feature is the natural induced flow of the water through and around the coils of cathodic wire coiled spring arrangement which has a significantly large surface area per length and volume, and produces a sufficient contact time for electro-destruction of micro-organisms.
  • Another important feature is due to the spring effect which enables effective and easy manual cleaning of the scale which accumulates on the cathode 20.
  • the device is normally allowed to float freely and unrestricted, moving about very slowly by gentle natural currents or currents typically induced by pumping equipment associated with the location in which the device is placed.
  • the device can be removed and floated periodically two or three days a week depending on use and weather conditions, or the device can routinely be used for short periods daily.
  • the purification device When removed from its environment, the purification device ceases operation and halts the purification process instantly because no
  • Figure 4 is another style of a cathode 20 wire shape which effectively produces a closed type of cell and a purification channel 66, whereby water enters at the one bottom opening 68 of the channel 66 and exits at another opening 70 at the top of the channel.
  • the closed cell or channel is typically employed in situations where the currents would cause the flow rate through the cell coil openings to be excessively high.
  • a housing 12 would be approximately 9 to 12 inches in diameter and approximately 2 inches thick in
  • a solar array assembly 14 capable of producing an open voltage from approximately 15 volts to approximately 18 volts and a full load current of approximately 100 ma at optimum solar conditions.
  • the anode 18 comprises an alloy of copper and silver.
  • the anode nominal dimensions are approximately 1 inch in circumference and 3 inches in length.
  • a cathode 20 is constructed from .1 or .125 inch diameter spring wire of either stainless steel or galvanized wire materials, and wound to an outside diameter of approximately 1.5-2.0 inches such that the coils are spaced from
  • Chlorine or other chemical disinfectant use is significantly diminished or no longer required upon attaining a desired ionization level. Further use of chemicals will depend upon frequency of use of the device, weather conditions, use of the water and other commonly recognized variables.
  • a key feature of the spring cathode 20 relates to the ease of cleaning. Simply remove the cell guard 16 and flex the spring, thereby causing a torsional force on the wire which easily removes the calcium buildup from the cathode 20.
  • Replacing the expended anode 18 merely requires unscrewing the anode 18 remains and threading a new anode 18 in position. It will be understood that while a threaded connection 38 is preferred, other equivalent conductive connection means for attaching the anode 18 to the power source may be used.
  • the present invention is not limited to
  • the anode 18 and cathode 20 length would increase to an overall length of between approximately 4 1/2 inches to approximately 5 inches and a circumference of approximately 1 inch.
  • the device could be down sized to accommodate smaller volumes of water such as hot tubs and spas.
  • the present invention is also useful for lagoons, marshes, lakes, rivers, ponds, or other large bodies of water that are overloaded with bacteria or algae.
  • Use of the present invention would be particularly advantageous since, in many instances, there is no existing filtration system, circulation pumps or related plumbing and transport systems, not to mention the lack of available power.
  • the aluminum panel supports the solar array substrate 22.
  • the conductive annular ring 50 provides a terminal connection between the cathode upper portion 42 and the solar cell array 14.
  • the ring 50 is preferably attached to aluminum panel undersurface with a suitable adhesive.
  • the ring 50 comprises an etched printed circuit board wherein the etched surface provides the conductive surface.
  • micro-organisms increased approximately linearly with power, and that voltage had a greater impact than current even at equal power levels. Also revealed was the requirement for the micro-organism to
  • test results further indicate that the contact time can be reduced, thus increasing the flow throughout the purification cell, by increasing the voltage and without a corresponding increase in power.
  • the purification cell of the present invention in a preferred embodiment provides a cathode 20 in the form of a coiled spring.
  • the cylindrical shaped anode 18 is intended to be encompassed by the coiled spring cathode 20.
  • the present invention thereby provides several new and useful features for a high voltage electrolytic purification cell.
  • the wound wire permits a maximum use of the surface area per unit length of the wire and per unit volume of the purification cell formed by the combination of the cathode 20 and anode 18.
  • Intermediate spacing of the coils provides another embodiment having a combination of the open cell and a closed cell.
  • the combination purification cell permits water to flow radially and axially throughout the purification cell depending upon the relative velocity of the purification cell with respect to the water.
  • a particular coil spacing may provide a closed type of cell whereby water enters at the bottom of the cathode coil 20 and exits at the top open portion of the cathode coil 20.
  • a closed cathode coil 20 is
  • spring steel wire allows a compression or expansion of the coiled electrode (cathode 20).
  • the compression or expansion produces a rotational movement of the wire, thereby causing a torsional force to be applied to any scale or deposits that accumulate on the cathode 20.
  • This torsional force tends to loosen the scale or deposit which can then be readily and easily removed from the cathode 20.
  • Electrode cleaning method is also advantageously provided by the coiled spring style electrode.
  • the device floats on the water surface and in its uncontrolled motion is expected to navigate the body of water into which it is placed. There it can freely float and move about on the surface of water.
  • the device can be tethered so as not to move.
  • the tether means can consist of harness means or, as shown in the drawings for the purpose of illustration, the tether means could include an eye 56 for receiving a rope, stay, strut or the like.
  • Another variation includes a housing having a upward facing depression for
  • the improved water purification device provides for improved water purification without the need for chemical amendment to the water being treated.
  • the device is simple and utilizes the simplest, most prevalent source of power in a preferred embodiment, solar power. (Although, it will be understood that other embodiments of the invention can be powered by other sources of power as circumstances dictate.)
  • the present invention utilizes more than one process to purify the water and includes a novel cathode design that provides water flow through, dimensional variation and easy cleaning.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

L'épurateur d'eau décrit (10) comprend un logement flottant (12) destiné à soutenir une cellule d'épuration au-dessous de la surface de l'eau et à soutenir un réseau de cellules solaires (14) assurant l'alimentation de la cellule d'épuration. La cellule d'épuration comporte de préférence une anode cylindrique pleine (18) et une cathode à fil enroulé (20). Le fonctionnement de la cellule d'épuration d'eau comprend des processus électrolytiques, l'électrocution et l'oxydation, en vue de détruire les bactéries et les algues contenues dans l'eau.
PCT/US1990/000521 1989-02-21 1990-01-23 Epurateur d'eau WO1990010097A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30117789A 1989-02-21 1989-02-21
US301,177 1989-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990010097A1 true WO1990010097A1 (fr) 1990-09-07

Family

ID=23162283

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1990/000521 WO1990010097A1 (fr) 1989-02-21 1990-01-23 Epurateur d'eau

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5191890A (fr)
WO (1) WO1990010097A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2721309A1 (fr) * 1994-06-21 1995-12-22 Centre Nat Rech Scient Procédé et dispositif de diffusion d'ions cuivriques pour le traitement d'un milieu liquide salé.
DE19852956C1 (de) * 1998-11-17 2000-05-31 Judo Wasseraufbereitung Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wasser gegen Kalkablagerungen
KR20030023843A (ko) * 2001-10-10 2003-03-20 주용식 구리와 은을 이용한 살균장치
WO2003031344A1 (fr) * 2001-10-10 2003-04-17 Pristine Water Pty Ltd Traitement d'eau
WO2005030651A1 (fr) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispositif d'electrolyse destine a traiter un reservoir d'eau
EP1722882B1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2010-02-17 Pierce Biotechnology, Inc. Dispositif de dialyse a reservoir d'air
WO2013137834A1 (fr) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Technická Univerzita V Košiciach Procédé permettant d'éliminer les cyanobactéries dans des eaux stagnantes et équipement pour sa mise en œuvre
CN111447989A (zh) * 2017-07-18 2020-07-24 雷内里奥·利纳雷斯 水活化器换能器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU688535A1 (ru) * 1977-06-20 1979-09-30 Предприятие П/Я А-1297 Электролизер
US4337136A (en) * 1981-03-02 1982-06-29 Dahlgren Vincent M F Device for purifying water
US4352722A (en) * 1981-03-12 1982-10-05 General Atomic Company Integrated photovoltaic electrolytic cell
US4525253A (en) * 1983-02-15 1985-06-25 Med Products, Inc. Method and apparatus for purification of water
US4790916A (en) * 1984-03-14 1988-12-13 The Texas A&M University System One-unit photo-activated electrolyzer

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU688535A1 (ru) * 1977-06-20 1979-09-30 Предприятие П/Я А-1297 Электролизер
US4337136A (en) * 1981-03-02 1982-06-29 Dahlgren Vincent M F Device for purifying water
US4352722A (en) * 1981-03-12 1982-10-05 General Atomic Company Integrated photovoltaic electrolytic cell
US4525253A (en) * 1983-02-15 1985-06-25 Med Products, Inc. Method and apparatus for purification of water
US4790916A (en) * 1984-03-14 1988-12-13 The Texas A&M University System One-unit photo-activated electrolyzer

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2721309A1 (fr) * 1994-06-21 1995-12-22 Centre Nat Rech Scient Procédé et dispositif de diffusion d'ions cuivriques pour le traitement d'un milieu liquide salé.
DE19852956C1 (de) * 1998-11-17 2000-05-31 Judo Wasseraufbereitung Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wasser gegen Kalkablagerungen
KR20030023843A (ko) * 2001-10-10 2003-03-20 주용식 구리와 은을 이용한 살균장치
WO2003031344A1 (fr) * 2001-10-10 2003-04-17 Pristine Water Pty Ltd Traitement d'eau
WO2005030651A1 (fr) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Dispositif d'electrolyse destine a traiter un reservoir d'eau
EP1722882B1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2010-02-17 Pierce Biotechnology, Inc. Dispositif de dialyse a reservoir d'air
WO2013137834A1 (fr) * 2012-03-16 2013-09-19 Technická Univerzita V Košiciach Procédé permettant d'éliminer les cyanobactéries dans des eaux stagnantes et équipement pour sa mise en œuvre
JP2015512779A (ja) * 2012-03-16 2015-04-30 テクニカ ウニベルシータ ヴィ コシシアクＴｅｃｈｎｉｃｋａ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｚｉｔａ Ｖ Ｋｏｓｉｃｉａｃｈ 停滞水におけるシアノバクテリアの処理方法およびその実施設備
US9809471B2 (en) 2012-03-16 2017-11-07 Technicka Univerzita V Kosiciach Method of disposal of cyanobacteria in stagnant waters and equipment for its implementation
CN111447989A (zh) * 2017-07-18 2020-07-24 雷内里奥·利纳雷斯 水活化器换能器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5191890A (en) 1990-09-26

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