WO1990008027A1 - Assemblage de materiaux composites - Google Patents

Assemblage de materiaux composites Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990008027A1
WO1990008027A1 PCT/GB1990/000034 GB9000034W WO9008027A1 WO 1990008027 A1 WO1990008027 A1 WO 1990008027A1 GB 9000034 W GB9000034 W GB 9000034W WO 9008027 A1 WO9008027 A1 WO 9008027A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibres
bundle
contact
carbon fibres
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1990/000034
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stuart Green
Original Assignee
Courtaulds Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB898900519A external-priority patent/GB8900519D0/en
Priority claimed from GB898900518A external-priority patent/GB8900518D0/en
Application filed by Courtaulds Plc filed Critical Courtaulds Plc
Publication of WO1990008027A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990008027A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3684—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being non-metallic
    • B29C65/3696—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being non-metallic with a coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3608—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
    • B29C65/3616—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements comprising discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72143—Fibres of discontinuous lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • C09J5/06—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00—Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2079/00—Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
    • B29K2079/08—PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
    • B29K2079/085—Thermoplastic polyimides, e.g. polyesterimides, PEI, i.e. polyetherimides, or polyamideimides; Derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
    • B29K2081/06—PSU, i.e. polysulfones; PES, i.e. polyethersulfones or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the joining of plastics materials by the use of inductive heating to effect melt ⁇ ing, fusing, bonding or welding of the materials at a contact between parts to be joined.
  • thermopl stics for example polyethe ' r ether ketone (PEEK), polyether sulphone (PES) and polyamide i ide
  • PEEK polyethe ' r ether ketone
  • PES polyether sulphone
  • polyamide i ide polyamide i ide
  • thermoplastics as used herein * is taken to include thermosetting thermoplastic materials which exhibit thermoplastic characteristics up to a threshold temperature and thereafter exhibit thermosetting properties.
  • thermosetting thermoplastic materials which exhibit thermoplastic characteristics up to a threshold temperature and thereafter exhibit thermosetting properties.
  • a polyamide imide known by the trade mark "Torlon”.
  • wires have been implanted in the plastics materials in the vicinity of the region to be melted. Whilst reasonable joints can be formed in this way, the use of wires is a severe disadvantage because the wires add parasitic weight, can cause corrosion, impair the safety of the component, for example by protruding through the component, can affect the electrical screening, of the component, and can cause problems due to altering the physical characteristics, such as the coefficient of thermal expansion, of the joint compared to the rest of the component.
  • An object of the present invention is to use carbon fibres as an inductively heated source of heat.
  • the joining method is characterised by the steps of providing in the vicinity of the contact, a layer comprising multidirectional discontinuous carbon fibres in the presence of thermoplastics material, at least some of the carbon fibres being oriented to provide resis ⁇ tive conducting paths for the flow of eddy currents, and electrically inducing eddy currents in the layer thereby to heat the thermoplastics material and* cause it to fuse at the contact and form a join between the two parts.
  • the invention as claimed thus provides a method of joining plastics materials, and in particular joining reinforced plastics materials, by inductively heating a combination of carbon fibres and thermoplastics material, e.g. a bundle thereof.
  • the bundle of carbon fibres comprises discontinuous fibres which preferably are twisted yarns.
  • the bundle of carbon fibres comprises discontinuous carbon fibres co-mingled with thermoplastics fibres.
  • the co-mingling of carbon fibres and thermoplastics fibres is achieved by stretch-breaking a tow of carbon fibres and thermoplastics fibres.
  • the method of the invention enables one to achieve an acceptable join by inductively heating the multidirectional discontinuous carbon fibres by means of an electrical induction coi 1.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically, one embodiment of equipment used for joining two laminated composite plastics materials in accordance with the method of this invention
  • Figures 2 to 4 are graphs showing the results of bond strength tests on laminates joined on the equipment of Figure 1
  • Figure 5 illustrates how the equipment of Figure 1 can be used for bonding two alternative plastics materials together in accordance with the method of the invention.
  • composite materials 10 and 11 to be joined each comprise a mul i-layered core 12 flanked oy two skins 13, 14.
  • Each core comprises a plurality of layers of continuous carbon fibre reinforced PEEK iden ⁇ tified herein as "material X".
  • the fibres in each layer of the core are parallel to each other (but need no ⁇ , be) but layers can be assembled so that all fibres in the core are parallel or so that the fibres in the core are multidirec ⁇ tional .
  • a number of laminates were constructed in which the skins 13, 14 were made of a stretch-oroken blended fibre yarn of carbon and PEEK fibres.
  • This yarn is manufactured by Heltra Limited, a Courtaulds company and sold under their U.K. registered trade mark "Filmix”.
  • the "Filmix” yarn was fabricated into various materials having different structural forms, namely a woven fabric, a braid, knitted fabrics, or tied multidirectional matting.
  • the "Filmix” materials comprised approximately 55 per cent by volume of carbon fibres and had as an essential feature the fact that the carbon fibres were multidirectional and discon ⁇ tinuous. Further the PEEK fibres were intimately inter ⁇ mingled with the carbon fibres in the "Filmix” yarn.
  • F-fabric - fabric made from "Filmix” yarn.
  • F-braid - braid made from "Filmix yarn.
  • the laminates L1 to L12 were manufactured as follows The various layers were stacked and sandwiched between two stainless steel sheets, each of which was pre-coated with a release agent. The layers were then pressed to a thickness of about 1 mm between pre-heated platens for a " period of 10 minutes. The platens were then quickl.y cooled and the hardened laminate so produced removed from between the stainless steel sheets.
  • Samples measuring 100 mm x 25 mm by 1 mm thick we ' re removed from the laminates L1 to L3 and L5 to L10 such that in each case the unidirectional fibres in the cere were aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sample.
  • Samples removed from L4 and L5 were oriented such that t*.e first layer cf material X in each was oriented parallel to the sample longitudinal axis.
  • Those cut from L11 were oriented such that the major fibre direction was parallel to the sample longitudinal axis.
  • Those removed from L12 were oriented such that the warp or weft ibres ran paral ⁇ lel to the sample longitudinal axis.
  • Pairs of identical samples removed as described above were then joined together in accordance with the method of the present invention by forming a single lap joint as shown in Figure 1.
  • the sur ⁇ faces forming the contact of the proposed joint between the two parts were degreased using a grease solvent (e.g. Propan-2-ol ) .
  • the overlap at the joint contact was 12.5 mm.
  • the overlapping samples of materials 10 and 11 were joined using an induction welding machine 15.
  • the specific machine used was a Stanelco 1000 Watt, 2.5 MHz unit with a flat coiled (pancake coil) induction coil 16.
  • the induction coil 15 was coiled in a common plane to form a substantially square shape, when viewed in plan, measur ⁇ ing 25 mm x 25 mm.
  • the alternating magnetic field produced by the induction coil 16 induced eddy currents in the carbon fibre reinforcement in the skins 13, 14.
  • Two power settings namely 70 per cent and 80 per cent were used for laminates L1 , L2 and L3 and two different weld times at each power setting were used.
  • 100 per cent power was applied for 240 seconds.
  • Samples of laminate L5 were welded with a 30 second exposure at 80 per cent power.
  • Samples from lamin ⁇ ates L7, L8 and L9 were heated using SO per cent power applied for approximately 60 seconds.
  • induction heating can be used to weld carbon fibre reinforced PEEK composite materials and give bond strength of the order of 50 MPa providing that the multidirectional electrically conductive fibres are present at the interface to be joined. This compares with a bond strength of about 15 to 25 MPa obtained when using epoxy adhesives to join the parts together.
  • An important feature of the present invention is that laminates with un directional fibres are difficult if not impossible to join using the induction heating process. In fact such laminates were unable to be joined successfully.
  • FIG. 5 a further embodiment of the invention is illustrated.
  • This embodiment differs from that described above with reference to Figure 1 in that the samples 10 and 11 are slightly different and a bonding insert 20 is employed.
  • the apparatus is the same as that described above in respect of Figure 1.
  • the samples 10 and 11 do not necessarily comprise laminates which have skins as described above and are thus shown just as single component layers 12A.
  • the components to be bonded are electrically non-conductive materials such as plas ⁇ tics, ceramics, or glass, and the bonding insert 20 com- prises one or more layers of multidirectional discontinuous carbon fibres in the presence of a plastics material.
  • the preferred material for the insert 20 is the previously discussed yarn sold under the Trade Mark "Filmix” which is fabricated into different structural forms, namely a woven fabric, a braid, knitted fabrics, or multidirectional matting.
  • the "Filmix” material may have additional ther ⁇ moplastics coatings or skins applied to it if desired.
  • the bonding insert 20 includes multidirectional discontinuous carbon fibres which act as receptors and heaters when located in the field of an electrical induction coil.
  • the material for the bonding insert 20 could be produced as a long length which is cut into discrete lengths as required for insertion between the components to be bonded.
  • An essential feature of the present invention is the use of a layer of multidirectionally oriented discontinuous carbon fibres at or near the surface of the plastics materials to be joined.
  • the bundles of discontinuous carbon fibres produce a layer which is more "lossy" than that produced from continuous fibres because the resistivity along the length of a bundle of discontinuous fibres is greater than that for continuous fibres. Furthermore hairiness of the bundle (due to broken ends projecting from the bundle) may contribute by providing resistive conduction paths which enable a better circulation of eddy currents in the layer and between various adjacent layers.
  • the regions where the warp yarns cross the weft yarns form conductive paths (or capacitive cou ⁇ plings) that create small "cells" around which the eddy currents flow.
  • the inventor believes that the use of twisted tows of discontinuous carbon fibres to make yarn is advantageous because it may bring about preferred orienta ⁇ tion of the fibres in directions which improve contact between yarns and also improve the formation of circulating eddy currents in the plane of each layer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit une méthode d'assemblage de matériaux plastiques par la formation d'un contact entre deux pièces (10, 11) à assembler, l'insertion d'une bobine d'induction électrique (16) adjacente au point de contact et le chauffage par induction électrique des pièces à proximité du point de contact. Une couche comprenant des fibres de carbone discontinues multidirectionnelles en présence du matériau thermoplastique se trouve à proximité du point de contact, au moins quelques fibres de carbone étant orientées de façon à fournir des voies de conduction résistives au passage de courants parasites. Des courants parasites d'induction électrique dans la couche (par l'intermédiaire de la bobine (16)) chauffent le matériau plastique et provoque sa fusion à l'endroit du contact et la formation d'une liaison entre les deux parties (10, 11).
PCT/GB1990/000034 1989-01-10 1990-01-10 Assemblage de materiaux composites WO1990008027A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898900519A GB8900519D0 (en) 1989-01-10 1989-01-10 Bonding of materials
GB8900519.3 1989-01-10
GB898900518A GB8900518D0 (en) 1989-01-10 1989-01-10 Joining of composite material
GB8900518.5 1989-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990008027A1 true WO1990008027A1 (fr) 1990-07-26

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PCT/GB1990/000034 WO1990008027A1 (fr) 1989-01-10 1990-01-10 Assemblage de materiaux composites

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0454703A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04504386A (fr)
AU (1) AU4825890A (fr)
WO (1) WO1990008027A1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

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WO1993002849A1 (fr) * 1991-07-30 1993-02-18 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procede de chauffage par induction de materiaux composites
WO1995017452A1 (fr) * 1993-12-21 1995-06-29 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procede permettant de coller des articles polymeres
EP1892078A1 (fr) * 2006-08-26 2008-02-27 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Procédé et dispositif destinés au préformage de demi-produits en fibres de carbone pour la fabrication d'éléments composites fibreux
US20100212823A1 (en) * 2007-09-24 2010-08-26 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing fusion-bonded body
WO2016029095A1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-25 A&P Technology, Inc. Structure tressée comprenant des câbles électroconducteurs
WO2018097716A1 (fr) 2016-11-24 2018-05-31 Technische Universiteit Delft Affaiblissement d'effet de bord au moyen d'un conducteur de dérivation pendant un processus de soudage par induction
IT201800020521A1 (it) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-20 Leonardo Spa Materiale composito e relativo metodo di realizzazione
FR3099405A1 (fr) * 2019-07-29 2021-02-05 Airbus Operations (S.A.S.) Procédé d’assemblage d’au moins deux pièces en matériau composite thermoplastique comportant des fibres unidirectionnelles et assemblage d’au moins deux pièces ainsi obtenu
WO2021094718A1 (fr) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-20 Baker Hughes Energy Technology UK Limited Procédé et appareil d'assemblage
US11279100B2 (en) 2018-05-01 2022-03-22 Rolls-Royce Plc Polymer matrix composite repair
RU2792624C2 (ru) * 2018-12-20 2023-03-22 ЛЕОНАРДО С.п.А. Композитный материал и способ его получения
WO2023063817A1 (fr) 2021-10-15 2023-04-20 Kok & Van Engelen Composite Structures B.V. Procédé de soudage électromagnétique de pièces moulées et dissipateur thermique destiné à être utilisé dans un tel procédé
US11865791B2 (en) 2021-12-30 2024-01-09 Rohr, Inc. Induction welding with an electromagnetic field concentrator

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WO2012137985A1 (fr) * 2011-04-08 2012-10-11 帝人株式会社 Procédé de fabrication de joint
JP2019108460A (ja) * 2017-12-18 2019-07-04 東洋インキＳｃホールディングス株式会社 電磁誘導加熱用接着シート、接着構造物及びその製造方法
EP4000876A4 (fr) * 2019-12-24 2022-11-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Dispositif de fusion et procédé de fusion

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Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993002849A1 (fr) * 1991-07-30 1993-02-18 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procede de chauffage par induction de materiaux composites
US5248864A (en) * 1991-07-30 1993-09-28 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for induction heating of composite materials
AU666664B2 (en) * 1991-07-30 1996-02-22 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for induction heating of composite materials
WO1995017452A1 (fr) * 1993-12-21 1995-06-29 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Procede permettant de coller des articles polymeres
US5762741A (en) * 1993-12-21 1998-06-09 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for bonding polymeric articles
EP1892078A1 (fr) * 2006-08-26 2008-02-27 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Procédé et dispositif destinés au préformage de demi-produits en fibres de carbone pour la fabrication d'éléments composites fibreux
US20100212823A1 (en) * 2007-09-24 2010-08-26 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing fusion-bonded body
CN101868343A (zh) * 2007-09-24 2010-10-20 丰田自动车株式会社 熔合体的制造方法
US8101040B2 (en) * 2007-09-24 2012-01-24 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing fusion-bonded body
CN101868343B (zh) * 2007-09-24 2013-06-26 丰田自动车株式会社 熔合体的制造方法
WO2016029095A1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-25 A&P Technology, Inc. Structure tressée comprenant des câbles électroconducteurs
NL2017866B1 (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-06-01 Univ Delft Tech Edge effect weakening by means of bypass-conductor during induction welding process
WO2018097716A1 (fr) 2016-11-24 2018-05-31 Technische Universiteit Delft Affaiblissement d'effet de bord au moyen d'un conducteur de dérivation pendant un processus de soudage par induction
US11279100B2 (en) 2018-05-01 2022-03-22 Rolls-Royce Plc Polymer matrix composite repair
RU2792624C2 (ru) * 2018-12-20 2023-03-22 ЛЕОНАРДО С.п.А. Композитный материал и способ его получения
CN113646161A (zh) * 2018-12-20 2021-11-12 列奥纳多股份公司 复合材料及其制备方法
WO2020129007A1 (fr) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Leonardo S.P.A. Matériau composite et son procédé de fabrication
IT201800020521A1 (it) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-20 Leonardo Spa Materiale composito e relativo metodo di realizzazione
CN113646161B (zh) * 2018-12-20 2023-06-06 列奥纳多股份公司 复合材料及其制备方法
FR3099405A1 (fr) * 2019-07-29 2021-02-05 Airbus Operations (S.A.S.) Procédé d’assemblage d’au moins deux pièces en matériau composite thermoplastique comportant des fibres unidirectionnelles et assemblage d’au moins deux pièces ainsi obtenu
WO2021094718A1 (fr) * 2019-11-11 2021-05-20 Baker Hughes Energy Technology UK Limited Procédé et appareil d'assemblage
CN114728474A (zh) * 2019-11-11 2022-07-08 贝克休斯能源科技英国有限公司 拼接方法和设备
EP4140703A1 (fr) * 2019-11-11 2023-03-01 Baker Hughes Energy Technology UK Limited Procédé et appareil d'épissage
WO2023063817A1 (fr) 2021-10-15 2023-04-20 Kok & Van Engelen Composite Structures B.V. Procédé de soudage électromagnétique de pièces moulées et dissipateur thermique destiné à être utilisé dans un tel procédé
NL2029435B1 (en) * 2021-10-15 2023-05-16 Kok & Van Engelen Composite Structures B V Method for electromagnetic welding of molded parts and a heat sink for use in such method
US11865791B2 (en) 2021-12-30 2024-01-09 Rohr, Inc. Induction welding with an electromagnetic field concentrator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04504386A (ja) 1992-08-06
EP0454703A1 (fr) 1991-11-06
AU4825890A (en) 1990-08-13

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