WO1990004661A1 - Pulverisation de metaux - Google Patents

Pulverisation de metaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990004661A1
WO1990004661A1 PCT/GB1989/001248 GB8901248W WO9004661A1 WO 1990004661 A1 WO1990004661 A1 WO 1990004661A1 GB 8901248 W GB8901248 W GB 8901248W WO 9004661 A1 WO9004661 A1 WO 9004661A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
atomizing
stream
spray
flow field
gas flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1989/001248
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stuart Jeffrey Coombs
Gordon Roger Dunstan
Original Assignee
Osprey Metals Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osprey Metals Limited filed Critical Osprey Metals Limited
Priority to EP89912118A priority Critical patent/EP0440706B1/fr
Priority to DE68923706T priority patent/DE68923706T2/de
Publication of WO1990004661A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990004661A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0861—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with one single jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid and several gas jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/1606—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed the spraying of the material involving the use of an atomising fluid, e.g. air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/003—Moulding by spraying metal on a surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for gas atomizing a liquid stream, such as a stream of molten metal or metal alloy.
  • European Patent Publication No. 0127303A where individual gas jets were switched on and off to accomplish the function of both atomizing and oscillating the spray.
  • both these methods very difficult to control.
  • the use of secondary jets can result in excess cooling of the deposited metal meaning that subsequently arriving particles do not coalesce properly with the -already -deposited metal .
  • the shape and properties (e.g. temperature) of the spray can change as individual jets are switched on and off' which makes it extremely difficult to ensure uniform deposition and solidification conditions.
  • apparatus for gas atomizing a liquid stream, comprising: an atomizing device defining an opening through which the stream may be teemed; an atomizing means for forming an atomizing gas flow field of asymmetric geometry with respect to the axis of the stream which atomizes the stream into a spray of droplets; and means for varying the positional relationship of the asymmetric gas flow field relative to the stream whereby the asymmetry of the gas flow field may impart movement to the spray whilst the overall geometry of the atomizing gas flow field may remain substantially constant.
  • the invention also includes a method of moving a spray comprising the steps of passing a liquid stream, such as a stream of molten metal or metal alloy, through an atomizing device, atomizing the stream into a spray of droplets by the application of an atomization gas forming an atomizing gas flow field of asymmetric geometry relative to the stream, and varying the asymmetric relationship of the gas flow field relative to the stream during atomization whereby the asymmetry of the gas flow field imparts movement to the spray whilst the overall geometry of the atomizing gas flow field remains substantially constant.
  • the improved method of the present invention does not involve the switching on and off of gas jets to move the spray. Instead, despite the proximity to the nozzle from which molten metal issues, we have devised a system whereby the spray is moved by moving the atomizing jets themselves possibly with the whole atomizing device tilting as well if desired. ..This has the -following particular advantages over previous methods:
  • the movement imparted is preferably a rotation or angular oscillation about the stream so that the spray can be moved very easily by varying movements of atomizing rotor(s) and, if desired, tilting the atomizer;
  • the rate of movement can be easily varied by the speed of the rotor and, if required, the tilt of the atomizer;
  • the speed of movement of the locus of the spray axis at any instant during deposition can be easily varied;
  • some alloys such as aluminium alloys, cast irron, tin and zinc alloys, tend to produce spray cones of relatively small angle of divergence and therefore the cooling of the particles in flight can be inhibited.
  • this can result in excessive deposition temperatures.
  • Spreading the spray by rotation or angular oscillation of the atomizer to cause corresponding movement of the gas field in accordance with the present invention will, in this case, result in more uniform and cooler deposition conditions. As a result the deposition rate could be increased;
  • the main axis of the spray can be made to follow a wide range of pre-determined paths; e.g. a circular path, an elliptical path, etc. This is in contrast to our prior tilting method where the path of the spray is undertaking a to and fro movement along a straight line only. Therefore, the greater control over the spray movements and provides increased flexibility in operation;
  • the rate of deposition can be increased because of the increased area over which the metal is deposited (ie. the increased size of the spray relative to the product). This is achieved because the metal will cool more quickly and therefore can be poured at a higher rate;
  • the apparatus and method of the present invention provides a very high degree of control over the atomizing device and the movement of the spray which previously has not been attainable. This enables the locus of the spray axis to be varied to suit the shape of deposit being produced or to control the deposition conditions and/or the profile of the spray on the surface of the collector.
  • the liquid stream is molten metal or metal alloy
  • the spray is directed at a substrate moving continuously through the spray and the spray is moved transverse to the direction of movement to achieve uniformity of thickness of deposition across the width of the substrate and is spread 10 laterally in the direction of movement by the asymmetry of the gas flow field whereby strip, coated strip, plate or coated plate products may be formed.
  • Figure 1 is sectional side elevation of an atomizer of the closest prior art
  • Figures 2a, 2b and 2c are diagrammatic Ztt perspective view of -the formation of tube and bar deposits using the apparatus of figure 1 and the spray mass flux profile exemplified as applied to tube;
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3 ⁇ are diagrammatic views 25 showing respectively, the side elevation of the formation of strip, a view on A-A in figure 3b, and the spray mass flux profile using atomizers of the prior art according to figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-section of a first embodiment of atomizing device in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-section of a second embodiment of atomizing device in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-section of a third embodiment of atomizing device in accordance with the invention.
  • Figures 7a and 7b are examples of spray profiles that can be achieved with the present invention.
  • Figures 8a, 8b and 8 ⁇ are diagrammatic perspective views of the formation of tube and bar deposits using apparatus of the present invention in contrast to figures 2a and 2b and the spray mass flux profile exemplified as applied to tube;
  • Figures 9a, 9b and 9c are diagrammatic views of the invention showing respectively the side elevation of the foundation of strip in contrast to figure 3a, a view in the direction of arrow B, and the spray mass flux profile; and
  • Figures 10a and 10b respectively, show the spray mass flux profile of a spray for forming strip using the tilting atomizing device of figure 1 and using the rotational device of the present invention in conjunction with tilting.
  • an atomizing device (10) is positioned within an atomizer housing (11) and below the nozzle opening (12) of tundish (13).
  • the atomizing device (10) includes a plenum chamber (14) and has atomizing gas jet openings ("15).
  • the atomizing device (10) is substantially annular in shape having a central opening (16) through which a stream (17) from the tundish (13) is arranged to pass.
  • the atomizing device is supported within the housing (11) by diametrically opposed supports (18, 19) which project outwardly from the atomizing device (10) and is positioned sufficiently away from the bottom of the tundish (13) and has a central opening (16) dimensioned so that the atomizing device may be made to undergo a tilting motion. So that this tilting motion may be achieved the supports (18, 19) are mounted within respective bearings (20, 21) in the atomizer housing (11).
  • One of the supports (18) also serves as a conduit (22) to supply atomizing gas to the plenum chamber (14).
  • the movement of the atomizing device (10) is effected by mechanical means consisting of a rotated cam and a cam follower held against the cam profile (not shown).
  • the cam follower has a connecting arm (27) pivoted to it and extends to a pivotal connection (29) on a plate (30).
  • the plate (30) is freely movable and is fixed to the support (19) at a position offset from the pivotal connection (29).
  • movement of the rotated cam is translated into movement of the atomizing " device (10) via the cam follower connecting arm (27) and plate (30).
  • the cam profile may be designed to define a predetermined degree of movement and the speed of rotation of the cam controls the speed of movement of the atomizing device.
  • the to and fro tilting movement of the atomizing device imparts a corresponding scanning movement to the spray (31) since the atomizing device (10) carries with it the atomizing gas jet openings (15). Further details of this arrangement may be obtained from our aforementioned European Patent Publication No. 225080.
  • FIG. 1 For examples of products formed using the apparatus of figure 1 reference may be had to figures 2a, 2b, and 2c.
  • the spray (31) is shown scanning the deposition surface, either axially in the direction of arrow (32) in the formation of a tube (33) (figure 2a) or about the end of a bar deposit (34) which, as with the tube, is rotated in the direction of arrows (35) and moved axially in the direction of arrow (36) as shown in figure 2b.
  • the locus of the spray axis (37) on the surface follows a to and fro linear path. It is therefore essential to ensure that the scanning frequency of the spray is sufficiently high that the resulting layer per revolution is effectively uniform.
  • the spray profile (38) defined about the locus of the spray axis must overlap to give uniform deposition for each revolution.
  • the atomizing device may be tilted, but movement of the spray may be achieved without such motion.
  • a liquid stream (41) of molten metal or metal alloy is atomized by gas which is fed via pipes (42) to an atomizer body (43).
  • the gas exits through orifices (44) arranged around the liquid stream (41) in a rotor (45) which is movable about the axis of the liquid stream (41) and may be arranged either to undertake angular oscillation to and fro about the stream or to undertake complete rotation about the stream.
  • the size of the orifices (44) differ according to the circumferential position around the liquid stream in order to generate an asymmetric atomizing gas field.
  • the rotor (45) is held in position by bearings (46) and (47), the gas leakage is prevented between the rotor (45) and the atomizer body (43) by suitable seals (48) and (49) as shown.
  • the gas jets emerging from the orifices (44) atomize the liquid stream (41) to form the spray (50).
  • the rotor (45) is movable about the stream (41) by means of a driven actuating means (51 ) such as a spur gear for example.
  • a driven actuating means (51 ) such as a spur gear for example.
  • figure 5 a similar apparatus is shown including a rotor (145) and similar reference numerals to those in figure 4 have been used in a one hundred series to indicate corresponding parts.
  • the angles of attack of the emerging gas jets - indicated by references (152) - are varied a*bout the circumference to produce the asymmetric spray pattern.
  • combinations of figure 4 and figure 5 are possible, ie. varying the orifice size and the angles of attack.
  • an asymmetric atomizing gas field is produced by means of two rotors which are rotatable relative to each other and to the atomizer body.
  • a liquid metal stream (241) passing through the atomizer body is atomized by an atomizing gas fed via pipes (242) to the atomizer body (243).
  • the gas is received in a plenum chamber (253) and exists the atomizer body (243) through atomizing orifices
  • the orifices (244) are arranged in two circular arrays in two concentric rotors (254,
  • each rotor (254, 255) and are distributed about the stream (241) in order to atomize it.
  • the size of the orifices in each rotor (254, 255) differ according to their circumferential position around the liquid stream in order to generate an asymmetric atomizing gas field. However, by using two rotors (254, 255) more flexibility in the control of the resultant spray shape is provided.
  • the inner rotor (254) is held in position by bearings (246) and (247) and the outer rotor (255) by bearings (256) and (257). Gas leakage is prevented between the rotors (254, 255) and the atomizer body (243) by suitable seals (248, 249 and 258).
  • the arrays of gas jets in the respective rotors (254, 255) may be focused at a single atomizing point relative to the stream or at an atomizing zone (259) where the stream (241) is broken up into a spray.
  • the rotors (254, 255) are movable by means of respective bevel gears (260, 261). By synchronizing the two rotors (254, 255) the asymmetric gas flow field can be kept substantially constant and rotation or to and fro angular oscillation imparts movement to the spray whilst it retains its same cross-sectional shape determined by the gas flow field. However, by moving one rotor relative to the other the geometry of the gas flow field may be altered as well which provides increased flexibility.
  • the atomizer with a rotor or rotors for rotation and/or angular to and fro oscillation about the stream can be used in the tilting arrangement of figure 1 so that the atomizing device tilts and rotates or angularly oscillates simultaneously.
  • the additional rotation or angular oscillation of ' the atomizing rotor causes the locus of the spray 2.0 axis indicated by lines (404) and (405) in figures 8a and 8b respectively to be spread (or to have an effective wider spray profile (407) as indicated in figure 8c with reference to the formation of tube) which allows the scanning speed of the spray 5 to be reduced whilst still achieving the necessary overlap to give uniform deposition. As the scanning speed is reduced more metal can be put down without having a detrimental effect on the desired properties of the finished deposit.
  • FIGS 9a and 9b the production of strip or plate (410) is diagrammatically illustrated.
  • the addition of rotation or angular oscillation to the atomizing rotor produces a spread uniformity illustrated by spray profile (411) of figure 9c, such that only one row of tilting atomizers (412) is required as opposed to two greatly simplifying the plant needed and possibly increasing the production rate.
  • spray profile (411) of figure 9c such that only one row of tilting atomizers (412) is required as opposed to two greatly simplifying the plant needed and possibly increasing the production rate.
  • rows of two atomizers have been disclosed in figures 3a and 9a, if a reduced width of strip or plate is required then a single atomizer may be sufficient in the present invention as opposed to two atomizers, one behind the other, previously required.
  • FIG. 10a shows a spray profile (420) achieve solely by tilting the atomizer to and fro
  • figure 10b shows a spray profile (421) with the addition of rotation or angular oscillation to achieve greater spread.
  • This results in more uniform deposition conditions throughout the thickness of the strip which will reduce the amount of porosity in the bottom and top surfaces of the strip deposit (caused by low deposition rates at the edge of the spray).
  • the method of rotation of the present invention will also have significant advantages in the production of tubes, billets and clad products, particularly for billets and tubes of large diameter.
  • the reason for this is that the spray will cover a larger area, ie. have a larger 'footprint' and therefore it is easier to obtain complete coverage of the tube or the billet surface compared to the old method solely of tilting.
  • the invention has been particularly described with a stream axis which passes through the centre of a rotatable atomizing device, the axis of rotation of atomizer or the axis of the jets could be different to axis of metal stream. In this arrangement the holes could be uniform whilst the geometry of the gas flow field and thus the spray would be asymmetric to the liquid stream.
  • the jets need not be arranged on a circle; for example, the jets could be in an elliptical arrangement and there could be one, two or more rotors. In the case of two rotors, these could be rotating in the same or opposite directions (or angularly oscillated in the same or opposite directions) .
  • the above devices can also be used for producing gas atomized metal powders whereby the movement of the spray can impart improved cooling to the atomized particles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif permettant de pulvériser par le gaz une coulée de liquide (41), telle qu'une coulée de métal fondu ou d'un alliage de métaux, comprenant un dispositif de pulvérisation (43) muni, par exemple d'une ouverture annulaire pour le passage de la coulée. Le dispositif de pulvérisation est conçu pour appliquer la coulée du gaz de pulvérisation de sorte à former un jet (50) de particules pulvérisées. Le dispositif de pulvérisation comporte au moins un rotor de pulvérisation (45) produisant un champ d'écoulement du gaz de pulvérisation qui est asymétrique par rapport à l'axe de la coulée. On peut donner du mouvement au jet en modifiant la position de l'axe asymétrique du champ d'écoulement du gaz par rapport à la coulée, ou en inclinant dans les deux sens le pulvérisateur lui-même. Grâce à la flexibilité qu'offre la combinaison de ces mouvements, on peut assurer un dépôt de particules plus uniforme et des précis.
PCT/GB1989/001248 1988-10-22 1989-10-20 Pulverisation de metaux WO1990004661A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89912118A EP0440706B1 (fr) 1988-10-22 1989-10-20 Pulverisation de metaux
DE68923706T DE68923706T2 (de) 1988-10-22 1989-10-20 Atomisierung von metallen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB888824823A GB8824823D0 (en) 1988-10-22 1988-10-22 Atomisation of metals
GB8824823.2 1988-10-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990004661A1 true WO1990004661A1 (fr) 1990-05-03

Family

ID=10645672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1989/001248 WO1990004661A1 (fr) 1988-10-22 1989-10-20 Pulverisation de metaux

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0440706B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2862927B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE125882T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU637334B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE68923706T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB8824823D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990004661A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993000170A1 (fr) * 1991-06-20 1993-01-07 Alcan International Limited Appareil d'application de metal par diffusion
RU2508964C1 (ru) * 2012-11-26 2014-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "СУАЛ-ПМ" (ООО "СУАЛ-ПМ") Способ распыления расплавленных металлов

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU666456B3 (en) * 1995-01-31 1996-02-08 David Nathan Nozzle assembly
JP2012000592A (ja) * 2010-06-18 2012-01-05 Kobe Steel Ltd 高温溶湯のガスアトマイザー

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3725517A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-04-03 Whittaker Corp Powder production by gas atomization of liquid metal
DE2405450A1 (de) * 1973-02-05 1974-08-08 Usm Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufbringen von klebstoffaeden auf eine klebeflaeche
EP0127303A1 (fr) * 1983-04-25 1984-12-05 National Research Development Corporation Production d'un jet dirigé par atomisation d'un métal fondu
EP0225080A1 (fr) * 1985-11-12 1987-06-10 Osprey Metals Limited Atomisation de métaux fondus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3811077A1 (de) * 1988-03-29 1989-10-19 Mannesmann Ag Einrichtung fuer die zerstaeubung eines giessstrahles fluessigen metalls

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3725517A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-04-03 Whittaker Corp Powder production by gas atomization of liquid metal
DE2405450A1 (de) * 1973-02-05 1974-08-08 Usm Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufbringen von klebstoffaeden auf eine klebeflaeche
EP0127303A1 (fr) * 1983-04-25 1984-12-05 National Research Development Corporation Production d'un jet dirigé par atomisation d'un métal fondu
EP0225080A1 (fr) * 1985-11-12 1987-06-10 Osprey Metals Limited Atomisation de métaux fondus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993000170A1 (fr) * 1991-06-20 1993-01-07 Alcan International Limited Appareil d'application de metal par diffusion
US5476222A (en) * 1991-06-20 1995-12-19 Sprayforming Developments Limited Metal spraying apparatus
RU2508964C1 (ru) * 2012-11-26 2014-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "СУАЛ-ПМ" (ООО "СУАЛ-ПМ") Способ распыления расплавленных металлов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU637334B2 (en) 1993-05-27
DE68923706T2 (de) 1996-01-18
JPH04501288A (ja) 1992-03-05
GB8824823D0 (en) 1988-11-30
DE68923706D1 (de) 1995-09-07
EP0440706B1 (fr) 1995-08-02
JP2862927B2 (ja) 1999-03-03
EP0440706A1 (fr) 1991-08-14
AU4506189A (en) 1990-05-14
ATE125882T1 (de) 1995-08-15

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