Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/24—Ablative recording, e.g. by burning marks; Spark recording
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
  • B44B7/00—Machines, apparatus or hand tools for branding, e.g. using radiant energy such as laser beams
  • B44B7/002—Machines, apparatus or hand tools for branding, e.g. using radiant energy such as laser beams in layered material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
  • B23K2101/007—Marks, e.g. trade marks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
  • B41M1/26—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper
  • B41M1/34—Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper on glass or ceramic surfaces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
  • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
  • B41M5/267—Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for labeling composite components with laser radiation, in particular for security panes, in which one of several interconnected component layers is at least partially transparent.
• Laminated glass panes are used in automobile construction and safety panes are used in apparatus construction, each of which has to be labeled with a test number. These are attached by means of a label.
• such labeling is done either by applying a dye to the outer surface of a composite pane by screen printing, or by etching the glass pane surface with a doctor's stamp using hydrofluoric acid.
• Thermal shock effects cause cracks that can reach the deeper layers of the material from the surface.
• the invention is based on the object of a
• This object is achieved in that a material is used for the transparent component layer, the
• Transmission rate for the laser radiation used for labeling is greater than the transmission rate of the material of the second component layer, and that the labeling of this second layer through the first, transparent layer with the latter leaving undamaged intensity and power parameters of the radiation.
• the labeling is carried out without contact.
• the laser radiation passes through the transparent component layer and acts on the second component layer, which has a lower transmission rate of its material. This is inside the composite component and is protected accordingly, so the labeling cannot be falsified.
• the labeling on the inside of the composite component also increases the security of the composite component by avoiding any interference with the surface of the transparent component
• Component layer It is essential for the method according to the invention that the component layers have different transmission rates for the laser radiation, so that by appropriate selection of the transmission rates and the intensity and power parameters of the laser radiation it can be determined that the latter is only effective in one of the component layers,
• Labeling the second layer with laser radiation allows intensity and performance parameters to be controlled by a computer in accordance with the respective requirements.
• the first component layer is advantageously ⁇ ine
• Glass layer used which has a significant transmission rate for laser radiation. This glass layer absorbs only comparatively little energy from the laser radiation, and the process can be controlled so that the absorption in the glass layer does not lead to its melting or decomposition, while the transmitted laser radiation is able to pass onto the second Component layer act. In particular, they are used for glass
• Wavelengths of light from the visible range to the UV range The selection becomes second depending on the absorption properties of the material used
• a polymer layer is used that bonds two glass panes together.
• such polymer layers are crystal-clear and are known per se with regard to their composition for bonding glass. With this method, conventional three-layer laminated glass panes can be produced.
• the labeling can be done after the safety window has been completed, that is, as the last step in the manufacturing process, for B. after the final inspection.
• This procedure ensures that the product actually has and retains the properties guaranteed by its labeling, that is to say that the labeling process ensures that the product
• a xenon fluoride eximer laser or, if necessary, a neodymium-YAG laser is used for the labeling, the wavelengths of which are in the range of high transmission or even close to a local maximum of the transmission rate for glass and thus ensure that a minimum of the radiation energy in the glass pane remains when it is irradiated.
• the laser radiation is pulsed and the inscription is made by decomposing the Polymer layer when using several successive pulses.
• the labeling can be controlled by the choice of the pulse sizes, for example by the choice of pulse height and length and by the choice of the pulse pause length.
• the use of laser pulses avoids overloading the irradiated layer and allows a targeted and metered decomposition of the layer to be labeled.
• the method is advantageously carried out in such a way that the inscription is projected onto the composite component by the laser radiation using a mask with the desired imaging scale and / or
• the first method with a mask is used in particular when a large number of composite components are each provided with the same lettering.
• the use of a focused laser beam is particularly recommended when the composite components are to be labeled differently, because a computer control can then be used to achieve the different typefaces with short cycle times.
• the computer control can also be used if the same image is to be used for differently designed composite components that have to be irradiated with different intensity and power parameters.
• the invention also relates to a composite component made of several interconnected layers, in particular to a safety pane for automobile or apparatus construction, one of which is at least partially transparent, which is characterized in that the composite component is one of the
• Transparent component layer has covered lettering, which consists of a laser radiation through the transparent Component layer changed material structure of the
• Conversion of the material of the composite component to be labeled is to be understood to achieve a certain color impression, or a change in the macroscopic structure of the material, for example evaporation with subsequent recondensation.
• Fig. 1 shows the transmission rate T as a function of
• Wavelength ⁇ for different materials Wavelength ⁇ for different materials
• Fig. 2 shows the laser intensity I and the absorbed intensity I ABS depending on the path X through different media.
• the different absorption properties of the materials used are important for the application of the method according to the invention.
• 1 shows, as the upper curve 3, the course of the transmission rate T in the range from 350 to 400 nm for glass. It can be seen that this material has a relative maximum at approximately 371 nm. The transmission rate is particularly high in this area.
• the transmission rate of polymer according to curve 4 at wavelengths less than 375 nm is less than 1%, that is, the radiation is practically completely absorbed.
• Labeling is around 371 nm because the majority of the energy of the beam passes through this material, but on the other hand a thin layer of the polymer is already sufficient to cover the entire energy of the light radiation
• the 371 nm wavelength range is currently only accessible to dye lasers.
• the xenon fluorine eximer laser can be used, which has a transmission rate of 35% at a wavelength of 351 nm, or solid-state lasers can be used, with a harmonic, e.g. . B. the third harmonic of the neodymium-YAG laser with a wavelength of 355 nm at a transmission rate of 45% in the glass.
• Fig. 2 shows representations for the successive
• Glass layer is referred to as component layer 1 and the
• Part of FIG. 2 shows the decomposition threshold of glass, which lies above the decomposition threshold of the polymer layer, the latter being an area, while the decomposition threshold of glass is assigned to a single I ABS due to the fixed melting temperature.
• the air does not absorb laser radiation, so the
• Curve in FIG. 2 above is parallel to the X axis and coincides with the X axis in FIG. 2 below. Only little laser radiation is absorbed in glass because glass has a high transmission rate T. As a result, the intensity I drops in the
• Component layer 1 only slightly.
• the absorbed intensity shows small and decreasing values over the thickness of the layer 1, which are below the decomposition threshold of the glass, so that the latter is not damaged.
• the falling values of I ABS in glass can be explained by the decreasing intensity with increasing thickness according to FIG. 2, upper part, so that the intensity I ABS absorbed per unit volume also decreases accordingly.
• the component layer 2 has a low transmission rate T or a high absorption, so that the intensity of the radiation drops very quickly to very low values.
• the absorbed intensity I ABS is correspondingly large with a peak value 5 which reaches and exceeds the decomposition threshold of polymer, so that changes in the structure of the polymer are achieved there.
• the intensity and power parameters of radiation with a suitable wavelength are set so that the different thermal properties of the materials are used. While the polymer layer or the component layer 2 is deliberately damaged, but only in a partial area of its thickness, the component layer 1 remains undamaged overall because the absorbed power is not sufficient for melting.
• the method according to the invention enables a sufficiently recognizable inscription with laser radiation without damaging the surface of the composite component.

Landscapes

• Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6360153

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (10)

Families Citing this family (9)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1988
  • 1988-08-03 DE DE3826355A patent/DE3826355A1/de active Granted
• 1989
  • 1989-08-03 EP EP89908963A patent/EP0428575A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1989-08-03 WO PCT/DE1989/000514 patent/WO1990001418A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1989-08-03 AU AU40430/89A patent/AU4043089A/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (4)

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