WO1989011325A1 - Filtre et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Filtre et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989011325A1
WO1989011325A1 PCT/US1988/001706 US8801706W WO8911325A1 WO 1989011325 A1 WO1989011325 A1 WO 1989011325A1 US 8801706 W US8801706 W US 8801706W WO 8911325 A1 WO8911325 A1 WO 8911325A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
media
adhesive
odor
particles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1988/001706
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James W. Kasmark, Jr.
Joseph B. Brown
Original Assignee
Kasmark James W Jr
Brown Joseph B
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kasmark James W Jr, Brown Joseph B filed Critical Kasmark James W Jr
Priority to PCT/US1988/001706 priority Critical patent/WO1989011325A1/fr
Priority to CA000597156A priority patent/CA1337550C/fr
Publication of WO1989011325A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989011325A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to odor-removing filters and the disclosure incorporates by reference the disclosure of U.S. Patent 4,227,904, and U.S. Patent 4,699,681.
  • U.S. Patent 3,019,127 a glass fibrous mat made of fibers measuring from approximately 20-25 microns is sprayed with an adhesive, carbon particles of 12 to 50 mesh are sprinkled on the pad, the pad vibrated to distribute the particles and the adhesive cured to adhere the particles in the mat.
  • the method results in a relatively low carbon particle loading, i.e., on the order of 4 percent of particulate material per unit volume of pad.
  • carbon particles measuring 12/28 to 4/6 are glued to the face of a perforated substrate to provide a layer of particles on the substrate. This results in a medium loaded product.
  • a highly loaded, thin-bed filter has been made by D-Mark, Inc. of Mt.
  • the term thin-bed filter refers to a filter having a bed or substrate measuring in thickness anywhere up to two inches.
  • the particles may be more effectively locked in the substrate, in some cases, by applying a second coating of adhesive thereto.
  • the thickness of the final substrate may be controlled by passing it through sizing rollers.
  • the odor-removing particles are driven into the substrate either by application of an air stream impinging on the particles and driving them into the substrate, or they may be pressed into the substrate through the application of a roller pressing against them or by a combination of an air stream and a roller. Pressing of the odor-removing particles into the substrate by the roller has been found to improve the adhesive retention of the particles in the substrate. Excess particles are removed from the substrate by application of an air stream directed against them.
  • the substrate may be sprayed with a second adhesive coat
  • This second coat of adhesive spray serves to lock the odor-removing particles in the substrate.
  • the second coat follows driving of the particles into the substrate and/or removal of excess particles from the surface of the substrate.
  • the adhesive is cured as by passing the substrate through an oven. Adjacent the outlet of the oven, the thickness of the substrate may be sized by passing the substrate between sizing rollers.
  • the process is preferably carried out by first coating one side of the substrate, depositing the odor-removing particles thereon and driving them thereinto, removing excess particles and then curing the adhesive. Thereafter the process is repeated on the opposite side of the substrate.
  • a so-called "clean” filter may be produced according to the method herein disclosed.
  • a white fibrous mat may have one side sprayed with adhesive and the odor- removing particles deposited thereon and partially driven thereinto, excess particles removed, and the adhesive cured. This will result in a filter pad having one side which is white or "clean" while the opposite face is covered by the odor-removing particles.
  • Another type of so-called "clean” filter which is also an “indicator” filter may be provided by coating one side of a light colored or white fibrous substrate with an ink pattern according to the teaching of German Patent 27 08 435. The printed surface of this substrate is then coated with an adhesive spray insoluble with respect to the aforesaid ink, and odor-removing particles are then deposited on the adhesive-coated surface, and may then be driven into the substrate and the adhesive cured. This will provide a particle and odor-removing indicator filter.
  • a further filter embodiment made according to the method herein disclosed comprises an expanded metallic layer which has a coating of carbon adhered to the face thereof. The carbon is attached to this substrate following the teachings of the method herein disclosed.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a processing line embodying the method described herein;
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view through a substrate being processed in the spraying station of Fig.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view through a substrate being processed in the particulate filling station of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view through a mat having odor-removing particles driven thereinto and excess particles removed therefrom by an air driver;
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view through a substrate having the odor-removing particles extending substantially half-way therethrough and manufactured according to the method shown in Fig. l;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view through a substrate manufactured according to the teaching of Fig. 1 and showing the odor-removing particles extending substantially uniformly through the thickness of the substrate;
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a substrate as shown in Fig. 6 with the same being enclosed within an air-permeable envelope or scrim;
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view through what we have termed as a "clean" odor-removing filter
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view through a perforated, self-supporting sheet coated with odor- removing particles according to the method disclosed herein;
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view through a substrate being processed through a modified form of the particulate filling station of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view through a substrate being processed according to a still further modification of the method shown in the particulate filling station of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view through a non- woven polyester pad having odor-removing particles adhered to but one face thereof;
  • Fig. 13 is a modified form of "clean” filter; which also is an “indicator” filter manufactured according to the methods herein disclosed;
  • Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view through an expanded metal substrate through which odor-removing particles have been adhered according to the methods herein taught.
  • Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view through a modified form of the filter shown in Fig. 7.
  • a porous, air-permeable, non-woven, fibrous substrate S has been filled with odor-removing particulate media 22, adhesively secured in the substrate.
  • the media has been shown as being substantially uniformly distributed over both of the opposed faces 24 and 26 of the substrate and throughout the thickness T of the substrate.
  • the filter of Fig. 6 may find particular utility in industrial or commercial applications where a greater pressure drop can be tolerated and a greater capacity is desired.
  • the process herein disclosed allows for varying the amount of particulate media filling the substrate not only as between a distribution partially or completely through the thickness T, but also as to the density of the loading. For example, in the embodiment of Fig.
  • the filling may be on the order of from 50 grams to 355 grams of particulate per square foot of substrate where the finished substrate is approximately 1/2 inch thick.
  • the amount of loading depends on variations in the method employed in the manufacture as well as the particulate size and the character of the substrate. As much as 1 pound (454 grams) of particulate per square foot of substrate (nominally 1/2" substrate thickness) has been achieved and up to about 500 grams appears feasible. Comparing particulate loading of the filter of Fig. 6 with the loading of a filled filter of comparable thickness, between 75 percent to 80 percent by weight has been achieved in pre-production testing.
  • a very light weight filter may be made utilizing a light denier fibrous, non- woven mat of, for examples from 3 to 100 denier and a density of from 1 to 6 ounces per square yard. Filling may utilize odor removing media or the order of 20/50 carbon (U.S. Mesh) to -400. The percent of loading may lie in the range of from 8.8% by volume to 88%.
  • a non-woven fibrous mat substrate having a fiber denier of from 3 to 400 may be utilized.
  • a 250 denier fiber with a nominal thickness of 1/2 inch and a weight of 10 to 28 grams per square foot is placed on the upstream end 32 of a conveyor line shown in Fig. l with one of the opposed faces disposed upwardly.
  • Mats move along the line in the direction of arrow D passing through a series of stations where various steps in the method of manufacturing the filter are performed.
  • the first station is the spraying station 34. It comprises a water trough 36 containing an adhesive entraining water bath disposed below adhesive spray nozzles 38, which may be model No. 61 manufactured by Binks Manufacturing Co.
  • Station 34 also includes a conveyor 40 having an upper run 40'adapted to support the substrate to move it through the station and a return run 40" which dips down into the water bath.
  • the spray nozzles may be housed in a spray booth with a suitable exhaust system (not shown) for removing adhesive aerosols. Adhesive is delivered to the nozzles to emit a spray that will penetrate a substrate to be filled with the odor-removing particulate.
  • the substrate fibers may be wetted with the adhesive to somewhat greater than one-half the thickness of the mat.
  • Depth of penetration of the adhesive into the mat will be dictated by the nature of the filter to be made, i.e., if the odor-removing particulate media is to extend substantially half way through the mat, then the spray should extend at least that far.
  • the spray should extend substantially half way through the thickness of the substrate so that upon inverting the substrate and passing it again through the spray station 34, the opposite face and remaining depth of the substrate may be wetted.
  • Fig. 2 the upwardly disposed face 24a, of the substrate S is shown being sprayed with the adhesive A from the spray nozzles 38 which reciprocate back and forth across the substrate.
  • the adhesive is shown at A' on the substrate fibers and as having penetrated substantially one-half the way through the substrate.
  • the substrate S is moved to the particulate filling station 44.
  • Such station comprises a hopper 46 containing the particulate odor-removing media to be loaded into the substrate.
  • a hopper of conventional construction provided with a media discharge slot in its lower end is disposed above substrates passing through the station on the conveyor.
  • the filling station includes its own conveyor 48 which is adapted to receive on its upper run 48 substrates S delivered by the conveyor 40 and moves the substrates through the filling station. Beneath the conveyor 48 is a media catch trough 50 for catching media which is not deposited on or does not remain on the substrates for recycling through the hopper.
  • Fig. 3 shows the upwardly disposed face 24a having been loaded with the particulate media from the nozzle 52 of the hopper.
  • Particulate media 22 builds up on top of the substrate as it issues from the nozzle 52 and some of the particulate will sift down into the substrate as shown in Fig. 3 to the right of the nozzle 52. However, for the most part, the particulate will remain essentially on the surface of the substrate.
  • the conveyor 48 has an open substrate supporting surface enabling excess odor-removing particulate to fall through the conveyor to the trough 50.
  • the particulate driving means Downstream from the nozzle 52 is the particulate driving means generally indicated in Fig. 1 at 54.
  • the particulate driving means is shown in three embodiments in this disclosure, the first being illustrated in Fig. 4 while the second and third are shown in Figs. 10 and 11 respectively.
  • the function of the particulate driver is to press the particulate media 22 down into the substrate and/or remove excess media from the substrate.
  • the particulate driver comprises an air pipe 56 which extends transversely of the conveyor 48 in the filling station 44 spaced just above the substrates on the conveyor upper run 48 / .
  • the upper run 48' is of a sufficiently open character as to allow air and excess media to pass downwardly therethrough.
  • the air pipe is provided with a series of nozzles 58 which are simply 5/32" openings through the wall thereof disposed at substantially 1/2-inch intervals.
  • the pipe may be pressurized with a source of compressed air to approximately 60 PSI. This air is delivered from the nozzles and is directed against the substrates passing beneath the air pipe.
  • the jets drive the media down into the substrate and also serve to blow off from the top of the substrate excess media.
  • the amount of penetration of the particulate into the substrate can be regulated as can the amount of media blown off the substrate.
  • the amount of odor-removing media blown off the surface of the substrate or driven down into the substrate may be varied.
  • the effect of the air driver is regulated so that a substantially uniform layer of particulate media lies on and in the substrate just to the downstream side of the air pipe and excess media which is not in contact with adhesive coated fibers is blown off of the substrate.
  • the particulate media 22 ' is shown at the downstream side of the pipe 56 as generally uniformly covering the upwardly disposed face of the substrate and as having penetrated substantially half the thickness of the substrate.
  • the particulate 22" essentially lies on the upwardly disposed face of the substrate in preparation for being driven thereinto.
  • the air-driver pipe 56 is shown with the jet openings 58 being disposed substantially perpendicular to the substrate passing therebeneath.
  • the rotated position of the pipe may be varied.
  • Fig. 10 the second form of driver 54 is shown. Essentially it comprises the driver of Fig. 4 designated by reference numeral 56a supplemented at its downstream side by a pair of rollers 58 and 58a.
  • the rollers are mounted in suitable trunions at opposite sides of the conveyor and are driven by a suitable drive mechanism (not shown) .
  • the substrates are fed between the rollers.
  • the distance between the rollers is adjustable, but in a preferred embodiment the rollers are adjusted relative to the substrate so as to press substantially halfway down through the substrate.
  • the effect of rollers 58 and 58a which may be rotated at the same surface speed as that of the conveyor 48 is to press the particulate media down into the substrate.
  • rollers press the media down into the substrate, they work the media against the adhesive coating the fibers and effect a more secure lock of the substrate fibers and the media than simply the air driver alone in Fig. 4.
  • Doctor blades (63 and 65) wipe the surface of the rollers to keep them clear of accumulating adhesive.
  • the third form of particulate driver comprises a pair of driver rollers 61 and 61a of substantially the same character as that shown in Fig. 10 disposed immediately upstream from an air driver 56b.
  • the rollers are arranged to press the particulate 22, which has been deposited by the spout 52 upon the upwardly disposed surface of the substrate S, downwardly into the substrate and embed the same therein.
  • the action of the roller 61 in pressing the particulate media into the substrate also serves to work the media against the adhesive on the substrate fibers to effect a good bond between the fibers and the particulate media.
  • excess media is blown therefrom.
  • the driver shown in Fig. 11 will serve to embed the greatest amount of particulate media in the substrate as compared with the drivers of either Figs. 4 or 10.
  • a second spraying station 62 Downstream of the driver means 54 is a second spraying station 62 for applying a second or "overcoat" on the upwardly disposed face of the substrate.
  • the second spraying station 62 is provided with a reciprocating sprayhead 64 disposed within a sprayhood 66 and adapted to reciprocate across the substrates as they pass through the station.
  • the purpose of station 62 is to spray the media filled surface of the substrate with a second coating of adhesive to more effectively lock the odor removing media in or on the substrate by providing a coating of adhesive to bridge between the individual media particles and the substrate fibers to bond the same together.
  • This second spraying station is utilized in those instances where it is desired to obtain the most effective locking of the odor removing media on or in the substrate.
  • the second coat or over coat provided by Station 62 is utilized in combination with the air driver alone, as in Fig. 4, a more secure locking of the media in the substrate is obtained than if the second coat was not applied. This does result in some lessening of the efficiency of the odor removing media, but does not appear to reduce significantly its capacity. If the second coat is omitted, but either the driver of Fig. 10 or the driver of Fig. 11 is utilized, the working of the particulate media effected by the rollers improves the bonding action of the media with the substrate.
  • the bond may not be quite as effective as with the second coating afforded by station 62, but the efficiency of the media is not affected as much.
  • the most secure locking of the media to the substrate is effected by utilizing the second coating provided by station 62 with the driver of either Figs. 10 or 11.
  • a substantial advantage of the second coat is in connection with the adhering of smaller size particles to the the substrate.
  • the second coating is most effective in smaller size particles such as 20/50 (U.S. Screen). As the particle size increases the amount of adhesive that must be applied in the second coat to effect a more secure bond reaches the point where it adversely affects the efficiency of the odor removing particulate.
  • a drying/curing station comprising an oven 70 having a conveyor span 71 whose upper run receives the substrates S from station 62 and conveys them through the oven.
  • the adhesive is cured sufficiently so that upon emerging from the oven the substrates may be handled without the odor removing media dislodging therefrom.
  • a tolerance determining or thickness sizing station 76 Downstream of station 74 is a tolerance determining or thickness sizing station 76.
  • This station comprises a pair of driven rollers 78 and 78a extending transversely of the conveyor 72 and adapted to receive therebetween the substrates emerging from the curing station and compress the substrates a predetermined amount. The space between the rollers may be adjusted to effectively squeeze the substrates a predetermined amount. As the substrates are hot as they emerge from the oven, the roller will serve to "set" the thickness of the substrates.
  • the substrates Downstream of the tolerance station as at the end 80 of the conveyor, the substrates are successively removed from the processing line for further handling. If it is intended to fill both sides of the substrates, the substrates will be returned to the upstream end 32 and replaced on the conveyor with the unfilled side or face disposed upwardly for passage through the processing line. The steps previously described would then be repeated to provide a substrate which is filled from both sides with the odor removing particles. Utilizing the method heretofore described and passing the substrate through the processing line twice to fill opposite faces 24 and 26 thereof, and using the particulate driver of Fig. 11, it has been possible to provide a loading in a 1/2 inch nominal final thickness substrate of substantially one pound of activated carbon per square foot of substrate.
  • a scrim envelope 64 comprising upper and lower layers 64A and 64B which have been stitched together or otherwise secured around the periphery of the substrate as at 67.
  • the scrim is an open mesh material through which air will readily pass.
  • the function of the scrim is to contain within the envelope carbon which may become dislodged from the substrate.
  • the scrim envelope is particularly useful where the substrate has not been subjected to the overcoat spray of station 62, nor the action of rollers 58 and 58a or 60 and 60a.
  • a layer to filter airborne particles may be disposed inside the envelope to overlie one or both of the faces of the substrate.
  • a layer to filter airborne particles may be disposed inside the envelope to overlie one or both of the faces of the substrate.
  • One such layer is shown in Fig. 15 wherein the filled substrate S' is enclosed within a scrim 64' with a particle filter 68 disposed within the envelope. The intended direction of air flow through this filter is as shown by arrow A.
  • the particle filter pad 68 may be a fuzzy pad that is intended to remove airborne particles before they reach the odor-removing substrate.
  • a suitable pad is sold under the brand name FILTRETE and manufactured by 3M Company of St. Paul, Minnesota.
  • Fig. 8 there is shown what may be termed a "clean" filter.
  • Odor-removing media such as activated carbor. granules of 20/50 (U.S.) mesh , are deposited on the adhesively-coated face of the substrate.
  • the air driver of Fig. 4 then removes the excess carbon particles to provide a generally uniform layer of carbon particles on the pad approximately one particle thick.
  • the pressure of the air supply to pipe 56 and the direction of the air jets is so controlled that the carbon particles are not driven too deeply into the relatively thin substrate to essentially provide simply a thin coating of the carbon granules on the surface as shown at 22A.
  • the substrate with carbon thereon is then sprayed with a second coating of adhesive in station 62 and then passed through the curing oven to set the adhesive.
  • the substrate would not normally be passed between the tolerance rollers 78and 78a, but rather would be directly packaged in a supporting frame. Air flow through this substrate would be in the direction of Arrow A in Fig. 8.
  • This filter is intended to be used primarily in range hoods and to give the householder an indication when the filter is contaminated and should be replaced because the clean appearance of surface 26A will become discolored by the entrainment of grease particles in the pad.
  • a substrate S a comprises a perforated self-supporting sheet similar to those of U. S. Patent 4,227,904. It is provided with perforations 70.
  • the substrate is sprayed with adhesive as in spraying station 34 and odor-removing particles 22b are deposited thereon as in station 44 and excess particles are blown off the surface as by the air driver of Fig. 4 to provide a generally uniform layer of carbon particles approximately one particle thick.
  • An overcoating of adhesive is then applied as by station 62 and the substrate then passed through the drying/curing station 74.
  • Such substrate need not be subjected to the tolerance station 76 but may be removed from the end 80 for subsequent use.
  • the second or overcoat provided by station 62 enables such a substrate to retain the odor-removing media thereon and in this respect, the method herein disclosed represents an improvement on the method of making a filter disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,227,904, wherein the substrate is coated by a roller coating technique.
  • the second or overcoat disclosed herein makes it possible to lock the odor-removing particles on the substrate without resort to roller coating with the resulting product having a more uniform particulate loading without shedding.
  • Fig. 12 is a filter corresponding to that of Fig. 8 except that following deposit of the carbon particles and removal of the excess carbon, a second adhesive coating is sprayed over the carbon coated face of the substrate as in Station 62 to lock the carbon particles on the substrate.
  • the filter is, of course, passed through the curing station.
  • the substrate may be sized in thickness as by the roller 78. This substrate may be more dense than that of Fig. 8 where an increased pressure drop can be tolerated and greater particle filtering action is desired.
  • FIG. 13 another type of "clean” filter is disclosed which is also an “indicator” filter, i.e., will indicate to the user when the filter has become loaded with grease and should be replaced.
  • a light colored or white fibrous non-woven substrate Sc is p c rinted on one side 72 with an ink pattern such as disclosed in German Patent 27 08 435.
  • This ink pattern may be printed on a face of the substrate in any suitable fashion.
  • the ink itself should be of a color that contrasts with that of the substrate. It may be made up, for example, of 5 parts of grease soluble (water insoluble) organic dye stirred with 5-10 parts of a suitable emulsifier having the property of dispersing grease soluble but not water soluble dyes in water. Thereafter, 30 parts of a water soluble binder are stirred in until the mixture is homogeneous. The mixture is then treated with 55 parts water and printed on the substrate face 72.
  • the non-woven substrate S c will function as a particle filter.
  • the substrate is then passed through the processing line shown in Fig. 1 with face 72 disposed upward and the face coated with a spray of the adhesive in station 34, then coated with odor-removing particles in Station 44 and then passed beneath the air driver shown in Fig. 4 to drive the odor removing media down into the substrate and also remove excess particles.
  • a second or overcoating of adhesive is then applied in station 62 to the side 82 of the substrate to lock the odor-removing particles on the substrate.
  • the substrate is passed through the curing or drying oven in station 74.
  • the substrate may then be optionally passed through the tolerance station 76 to size the thickness of the pad.
  • the substrate is then mounted in a suitable frame with the media covered face 72 disposed downstream so that the normal air flow is in the direction of Arrow A and the exposed face 75 will be the one observed by the user.
  • This type of filter is particularly desirable for use in range hoods.
  • the ink 73 will migrate toward the surface 74 and when visible to the user will indicate that the substrate has become grease-loaded and the filter is ready to be replaced.
  • the odor-removing particulate 77 will remove the odors from the air stream as it passes through the substrate.
  • Fig. 14 shows an expanded metal substrate S d on the face 79 of which has been adhesively secured a layer of odor-removing particulate 81.
  • the substrate S d may be prepared by placing the substrate at the entry end of the processing line shown in Fig. 1 with the face 78 uppermost, and then sprayed with adhesive in the spraying station 34, the substrate then passed to station 44 where odor-removing particles are applied and then passed beneath the air driver of Fig. 4. The air pressure is adjusted to remove only enough particulate so that a uniform dense layer approximately one particle thick remains on the substrate surface as shown in Fig. 14.
  • the substrate is then passed to station 62 where a second or over coat of adhesive is applied to lock the particles on the substrate.
  • the substrate is then passed through station 74 to dry or cure the adhesive.
  • the rollers 78 and 78a are not utilized for sizing.
  • the resultant substrate may be processed through the line once more to coat the opposite surface of the substrate in like fashion if desired.
  • the substrate, thus prepared, may be mounted in a suitable frame for use as a filter.
  • the substrates of Figs. 2-8 may be formed of polyester, nylon, polypropylene or glass fibers. Other fibers, either natural or man-made to meet the particular requirements of the intended use of the filters may be utilized. In addition, open cell polyurethane, or the like, reticulated foam may be utilized.
  • the adhesive to be used may be ⁇ tyrene acrylic latex, vinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate, p.v.c. and acrylic latex, or other adhesives meeting the requirements for the use of the filter.
  • odor-removing particles useful herein may be either activated carbon, activated aluminum impregnated with potassium permanganate, silica gel and the like.
  • odor-removing particles is also intended to cover oxidizing materials such as manganese dioxide.
  • the scrim material shown in Fig. 7 may be spun bonded nylon or polypropylene, knitted polyester, or woven fiber of a variety of materials.
  • the substrate was passed to station 44 where 20/50 U.S. mesh activated carbon particles in 30 to 60 activity was applied to the upwardly disposed adhesive sprayed face of the mat at the rate of between 30 to 55 grams per square foot.
  • a suitable carbon granule for this purpose is made by Sorbtech, Inc. of Woodlands, Texas.
  • the substrate was passed beneath an air driver as in Fig. 4 where air jets are directed downwardly at the substrate of sufficient force to drive the activated carbon particles down into the substrate and at the same time blow off the excess particles.
  • the air pipe 56 may be of a 1 inch inside diameter with air holes of 5/32 inch diameter spaced 1/2 inch apart and with an air pressure of 60 psig. The pipe is spaced 1-1/2 inches above the substrate.
  • the substrate was passed to the station 62 where a second or overcoat spray was applied at the rate of 2 to 10 grams per square foot of the same adhesive as was applied in station 34.
  • the adhesive was sprayed using a spray head and at pressures similar to those described in sub-paragraph (b) at a distance of approximately 11/12 inches.
  • the second coat bridged the particles and also bridged between particles and fibers so that upon curing the adhesive the particles are quite securely locked in the mat.
  • the substrate was then passed through the curing station 74 where it was raised to a temperature of 200° to 350" F. for a period of approximately 2 minutes. During this interval the water content of the adhesive was evaporated out.
  • the filled substrate was passed through a sizing station similar to station 76 to size the thickness of the mat. Thereafter the filled substrate was mounted in a suitable frame for use as a filter.
  • EXAMPLE 2 (a) A filter was made according to the process described in Example 1, except after passing out of the curing oven in station 74, the substrate was re-entered in the processing line with its opposite or uncoated face disposed upper-most and each of the steps thereafter repeated on the upwardly disposed face of the substrate. The pressure of the air driver on both passages through the processing line was selected so that the carbon particles were driven substantially half way through the substrate with the result that the final product had the activated carbon distributed substantially uniformly through the entire thickness of the substrate.
  • EXAMPLE 3 (a) A one-half inch nominal thickness, non-woven polyester pad measuring approximately 12 x 18 and made of 200 denier fiber with a density of between 4 and 9 ounces per square yard was entered at the upstream end of the processing line of Fig. 1.
  • the substrate was then passed through the curing station 74 and following such was subjected to the sizing in the tolerance station 76 and its thickness (which has grown during processing) is reduced to 1-2.
  • EXAMPLE 5 (a) A substrate was processed according to Example 3 but in lieu of the air driver of Fig. 4, a driver of the character shown in Fig. 10 was utilized. It was found that the resulting substrate, following cure and sizing in tolerance station 76 exhibited enhanced activated carbon granule retention upon shaking the substrate in an effort to dislodge the particles therefrom.
  • a substrate was manufactured in accordance with Example 3, but in lieu of the air driver of Fig. 4, a particle driver of the character shown in Fig. 11 was utilized. In this instance carbon loading on the order of from 304 to 323 grams per square foot was achieved. Retention of the activated carbon particles in the substrate was very good as measured by shaking the substrate following curing and thickness sizing. For example, in checking several samples, between .85 and 1.74 grams of carbon were lost by the shaking.
  • Fig. 1 Several further samples were made using the processing line illustrated in Fig. 1 to determine the amount of particulate that could be effectively filled and retained in a substrate and the data is tabulated below.
  • Original thickness refers to the nominal pad thickness prior to filling while the final thickness is that which it measured following squeezing in the tolerance station 76.
  • the substrates being filled were non-woven of 200 denier polyester fiber and had a density of 4.4 ounces per square yard. All substrates were filled from both sides using activated carbon particles measuring 6/12 U.S. screen series. The series D samples were subjected to an overcoat on both sides in station 62.
  • percent of volume loading refers to the percentage by volume of carbon in the substrate after the loading. It is determined in accordance with the following formula:
  • A, B, C, and D are averages of 4 samples each.
  • a substrate was made up using a pad of non-woven polyester with a denier of 30 and a density of 3.6 ounces per square yard and filled with 20/50 (U.S. Mesh) activated carbon particles. Only one side of the substrate was filled with carbon and an overcoat was provided to insure locking of the carbon on the substrate. This resulted in a filter substrate which would be satisfactory for domestic range hood use.
  • the amount of carbon can be controlled quite accurately by regulating the blow-off provided by the filling step.
  • the filling may be accomplished by utilizing the driver of Fig. 4. This product will provide quite an efficient filter because of the small size carbon grains being used.
  • the filter In those instances where a substrate is filled at both sides to provide the maximum loading of the substrate with the odor-removing media, the filter is normally intended for a commercial/industrial use and in this instance, high-efficiency is generally required. Therefore, in those instances, an overcoat may not be desired because the efficiency of the filter is to be maintained at the highest level. In such cases the filter substrate may be enclosed in the scrim envelope shown in Fig. 7.
  • an overcoat as provided by station 62 may not be desired.
  • the overcoat provided by station 62 may enable the manufacture of the filter without the use of the scrim envelope as shown in Fig. 7.
  • the second or overcoat provided by station 62 is desirable when it is intended to effect better particle- to-particle or particle to substrate bonding and to minimize shedding or defoliation of the carbon particles.
  • the overcoat may be particularly beneficial a) where there is a small denier mat with small mesh carbon, i.e., 20/50 (U.S. Mesh) ; b) where there is an essentially impervious substrate with larger carbon particles such as 6/12 (U.S. Mesh) ; or c) where a high carbon loading is intended (such as 100 grams to 500 grams per square foot) , and it is desired to avoid the use of the scrim cover as in Fig. 7.
  • the overcoat provided by station 62 in Fig. 1 is particularly useful where the carbon or odor removing media are no longer regularly shaped, but are irregular in configuration. In such instance the irregular configuration appears to lend itself well to the particle to particle or particle to fiber bonding or particle to substrate surface bonding provided by the overcoat of station 62.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Une matte poreuse, non tissée, perméable à l'air présente des vides entre les fibres de la matte, des particules (22) d'élimination des odeurs, ces particules étant collées dans les vides de la matte et uniformément distribuées dans celle-ci.
PCT/US1988/001706 1988-05-20 1988-05-20 Filtre et son procede de fabrication WO1989011325A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1988/001706 WO1989011325A1 (fr) 1988-05-20 1988-05-20 Filtre et son procede de fabrication
CA000597156A CA1337550C (fr) 1988-05-20 1989-04-19 Filtre et methode de fabrication connexe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1988/001706 WO1989011325A1 (fr) 1988-05-20 1988-05-20 Filtre et son procede de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989011325A1 true WO1989011325A1 (fr) 1989-11-30

Family

ID=22208701

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1988/001706 WO1989011325A1 (fr) 1988-05-20 1988-05-20 Filtre et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CA (1) CA1337550C (fr)
WO (1) WO1989011325A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5281437A (en) * 1989-12-06 1994-01-25 Purification Products Limited Production of particulate solid-bearing low density air-permeable sheet materials
US9994461B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2018-06-12 Helen Of Troy Limited Gravity filter
CN113019059A (zh) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-25 大同新成欣荣新材料科技有限公司 一种除臭活性炭吸附箱

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202007018961U1 (de) * 2007-12-13 2010-05-12 Incel, Yüksel Filterelement

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3019127A (en) * 1957-10-07 1962-01-30 American Air Filter Co Filtering medium and method of making the same
GB2032298A (en) * 1978-10-09 1980-05-08 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd Adsorbent air filter
US4336038A (en) * 1978-03-25 1982-06-22 Firma Carl Freudenberg Filter mat

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3019127A (en) * 1957-10-07 1962-01-30 American Air Filter Co Filtering medium and method of making the same
US4336038A (en) * 1978-03-25 1982-06-22 Firma Carl Freudenberg Filter mat
GB2032298A (en) * 1978-10-09 1980-05-08 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd Adsorbent air filter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5281437A (en) * 1989-12-06 1994-01-25 Purification Products Limited Production of particulate solid-bearing low density air-permeable sheet materials
US9994461B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2018-06-12 Helen Of Troy Limited Gravity filter
US10336629B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2019-07-02 Helen Of Troy Limited Gravity filter
CN113019059A (zh) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-25 大同新成欣荣新材料科技有限公司 一种除臭活性炭吸附箱

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1337550C (fr) 1995-11-14

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