WO1989006329A1 - Procede et dispositif de protection contre l'elevation excessive de la temperature et notamment protection contre le feu d'un objet creux allonge conduisant un fluide facilement inflammable - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de protection contre l'elevation excessive de la temperature et notamment protection contre le feu d'un objet creux allonge conduisant un fluide facilement inflammable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989006329A1
WO1989006329A1 PCT/NO1989/000005 NO8900005W WO8906329A1 WO 1989006329 A1 WO1989006329 A1 WO 1989006329A1 NO 8900005 W NO8900005 W NO 8900005W WO 8906329 A1 WO8906329 A1 WO 8906329A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fire
hollow object
influence
heat
elongated hollow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO1989/000005
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Clas T. Jacobsen
Original Assignee
Norsk Safetech A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Safetech A/S filed Critical Norsk Safetech A/S
Publication of WO1989006329A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989006329A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
    • F16L11/125—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting non-inflammable or heat-resistant hoses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to excess tempera ⁇ ture protection of hollow fluid conducting objects.
  • the present invention relates to a method for protecting an elongated hollow object conducting an easily inflammable fluid.
  • the invention also relates to such fire protected objects.
  • conduit conducting fuel from the gasoline tank to the motor is well protected against fire, such that the gaso ⁇ line supply system remains as a protected system as long as possible after the occurrence of a fire on the vessel.
  • the conduit itself should be bendable or flexible, so that it can easily be mounted along the framework of the vehicle, said conduit also being so effectively in ⁇ sulated against fire that the driver and possible pass ⁇ engers will have time to escape from the car in case of fire.
  • the foamed inner layer constitutes a relatively good heat barrier in the lower temperature range, i.e. in the range of approximately 100-300°C, such that the outer layer then, in case of a fire will be rapidly heated to higher temperatures, i.e. at approximately 300-900°C and higher, for thereby more rapidly to be converted to its cell- shaped ceramic stucture, forming an especially good - fire protecting cover.
  • such a transport conduit for for example fuel should be mounted inside a rigid shell, and between the layers of insulation and the rigid shell there may be provided a layer of woven glass fiber or fabrics which can burn away under the influence of high temperature, the fabrics at the same time allowing the insulating material to swell to twice its volume during a fire. The insulating material can then reach its fully foamed ceramic con ⁇ dition without changing the physical outer dimensions of the encapsulated pipe.
  • the object of the present invention is to give instruc ⁇ tions for substantially pipe- or hose-shaped fire pro ⁇ tected objects which not only resolves the problems dis- cussed in the above mentioned patent application, but which also in a simple and safe manner can interrupt the supply of a fluid, for example fuel from a source to a consumption apparatus in case a fire should occur.
  • a fluid for example fuel from a source to a consumption apparatus in case a fire should occur.
  • the problem is solved according to the invention in that a) for the elongated hollow object there is used a material which is compressible under the influence of moderate pressure, that b) outside the elongated hollow object there is provided a fire and flame protecting material which ex ⁇ pands under the influence of abnormally high temperatures., and that c) outside the fire protecting, heat expandable ma- terial there is provided a material which under the in ⁇ fluence of heat controls the expansion of the fire and flame protecting material in a direction towards the inner hollow object for the closing thereof.
  • an elongated hollow object there may appropriately be used a chemicals resistant, compressable plastic materi ⁇ al, there at the same time being used a fire and flame pro ⁇ tecting heat expandable material which under the influ- ence of heat expands 1 1/2-4 times on a volume basis, whereas as an outer cover there is used a heat resistant thin metal, for example steel.
  • the swelling material alone can be used as a fluid carrier.
  • the outer cover can be a pipe-shaped metal, for example a braided bandage being shaped as a winding of metal, ceramic fibres, heat resistant glass etc., having sturdy mechanical properties during fire.
  • the fire protecting mat-rial may be a so-called plastic/ceramic-material comprising 60-100 parts of weight of a ther o plast, 50-450 parts of weight of aluminum hydroxide and 150-600 parts of weight of calsium carbonate and/or calsium-magnesiu carbonate.
  • the fire resistant material can comprise any type of thermo plast, and can for example comprise ethylen- vinylacetate, and due to production technical reasons there bay be included an elasticizer, a lubricant agent, and a colouring agent and possibly anti- oxidant agents.
  • the fire protect ⁇ ing material can be given different foaming degrees, all of which is adapted to the dimensions of the fluid conducting inner tube and the type of fluid to be transported.
  • the temperature of the initiating swelling may be regulated, for example in the range 150°C-250°C, either by using said aluminum hydroxide as a foaming agent, or by the inclusion/re ⁇ placement of 5-10 weight % further blowing agent, for example azodicarbonamide ("Genitron”) .
  • composition of the fire resistant material can be varied within suitable ranges, for example re ⁇ lating to when the various transfer phases of the ma ⁇ terial should occur during a fire.
  • the fire resistant material can for example during the influence of temperatures larger than 90°C be subject ⁇ ed to softening process, whereas at temperatures be ⁇ tween for example 200-300°C the material is to be sub ⁇ jected to a swelling, for example in the range 1 1/2-4 times on a volume basis, and during this swelling phase water should be expelled.
  • the combined expelling of water and the swelling of the material will then at the same time prevent that the fluid in the hollow elongated object obtains such high temperature that a firing of the fluid can take place, whereas this temperature range results in an effective closing of the fluid path as such.
  • the material will constitute a good thermal con ⁇ ductor in its original state, whereas at temperatures above 200°C, due to the expelled water, and due to its swelling, will provide a good thermal insulation, whilst at the same time it closes the inner hollow object for further transport of fluid therethrough.
  • the material renders good mecha- nical stability, the material also acting as a flame barrier without expelling poisonous smoke or gas.
  • the fire resistant material will be converted from having approximately thermo plastic properties at room temperatures, at which the thermal conductivi ⁇ ty is approximately 0.7w/mc, and to a cellular cera ⁇ mic having a thermal conductivity of approximately 0,07w/mc.
  • the expanding effect of the fire resistant material can also be initiated by an inner raise of temperature, for example from an "over-heated" fluid.
  • This property can be utilized in connection with plants, wherein an elevated temperature of the fluid may represent a pre-warning of fire.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an example of a self-closing device according to the invention, at normal conditions and open inner fluid path.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the device under the influence of a fire, the inner fluid path being closed.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the device after the influence of a fire, wherein the inner fluid path is replaced by a ceramic plug.
  • the reference numeral 1 designates an inner pipe or a hose manufac ⁇ tures from plastic, for example nylon. It is to be un ⁇ derstood that the inner pipe 1 of course can be manu ⁇ factured from other types of plastic, for example glas fibre reinforced epoxy or polyester.
  • the inner pipe can for example be adapted for the transport of a suitable fluid, for example an easily inflammable fluid, for example a gasoline pipe provided between a source of gasoline and a gasoline driven motor, for example a vessel.
  • the dimension of the inner, chemicals resistant pipe 1 can for example be 5-6 mm inner diameter, and a wall thickness of 0,5 mm.
  • a fire and flame protecting material 2 which expands under the influ ⁇ ence of abnormally high temperatures.
  • the wall thick ⁇ ness of the fire and flame protecting material can for example be 3 mm, and the material 2 shall in a tempera ⁇ ture range of 200-300°C be subjected to an expansion leading to a volume expansion of up to 1,5-4 times the original volume.
  • an outer cover 3 of a material hav ⁇ ing sturdy mechanical properties, for example steel, glass or ceramic having a wall thickness of approxima ⁇ tely 1 mm.
  • This outer cover 3 is consequently made of a material which under the influence of heat controls the fire and flame protecting material 2 upon the expansion thereof, in a direction towards the inner pipe 1 for the closing of said pipe 1.
  • outer cover 3 which embraces the flame and fire protected inner object can be constructed as various embodiments, such that the total composed structure can have properties ranging from stiffto flexible, all in dependence of the intended field of application of the compound structure.
  • the fire and flame protecting material can be of any type, pro ⁇ vided it at abnormally high temperatures expands in the prescribed manner, i.e. such that it forces the inside pipe to close itself for the through flowing of fluid, as this is sought illustrated in Figure 2.
  • An example of such a fire and flame protecting materi ⁇ al can be of the type comprising 60-100 parts of weight of a thermo plastic material, 50-450 parts of weight of aluminum hydroxide and 150-600 parts of weight of calcium carbonate and/or calcium magnesium carbonate.
  • the fire resistant material will then under the influence of temperatures larger than 90°C be subjected to a soften ⁇ ing process, whereas at temperatures of more than 200°C c it will be subjected to swelling, at the same time as water is repelled.
  • the material is thus a good thermal conductor in its original state, whereas at temperatures above 200°C it will, due to the expelling of water and due to its swelling, constitute a good thermal insula- 0 tion, and at the same time it will force the inside tu- - be to close itself.
  • the swelling in the temperature range of 200- 300°C may be in the range of 1,5-4 on a volume basis. 5
  • the polymer At temperatures larger than 300°C, the polymer will be subjected to pyrolysis, and at higher temperatures or ⁇ ganic residual materials will be developed, whereas upon exceeding temperatures in the range of 800-900°C 0 there will develop a relatively sturdy cellular cera ⁇ mic, which will have fire retardent qualities up to 1500°C
  • the inner pipe 1 will 5 thus not only be closed, but just disappear together with the polymer in the fire resistant material 2, which according to Figure 3 has converted to a ceramic, irreversible plug filling the complete inside of the outer cover 3, and which replaces all of the original 0 inner pipe 1.
  • a self-sealing gasoline pipe which is designed from a pipe- shaped wall material expanding at fire temperatures and being forced to expand inwardly and thereby closing the hole in the pipe, can be constructed in several manners, but must also contain an inner layer of sufficient me ⁇ chanical strength for forcing the expanding material in ⁇ wardly and rendering the pipe a good enough axial sturdi- ness when the inner parts are softened. It is often favourable to use a further layer inside the expanding material. This layer must have the necessary resistance to chemicals and have a mechanical sturdyness at moderate temperatures. The material of this inner pipe shall upon expansion in the intermediate layer be so soft that it can be compressed.
  • Outer layer Braid of metal or glass fiber.
  • Wall thickness d approximately 0,2-1mm, for example provided as bandage of glass fiber tape,
  • Expanding intermediate layer FAVUSEAL NKX 6277
  • Thickness 2-4 mm as regards the inner dimen ⁇ sion of the hole in the inner pipe

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

Dans le cadre de la protection incendie d'un objet longitudinal creux conduisant un fluide facilement inflammable, tel qu'une canalisation d'essence, la présente invention propose une combinaison de matériaux qui permet d'assurer conjointement une protection contre le feu et une fermeture de l'objet conduisant le fluide. A cet effet, on utilise pour l'objet longitudinal creux (1) un matériau qui peut être comprimé sous l'action d'une pression modérée, on dispose à l'extérieur de l'objet (1) conduisant le fluide un matériau de protection contre le feu et contre les flammes (2) qui, sous l'effet de températures élevées, se dilate à un degré considérable et on dispose à l'extérieur du matériau de protection contre le feu (2) se dilatant sous l'effet de la chaleur un manchon (3) qui en cas de feu permet de réguler la dilatation du matériau de protection contre le feu et contre les flammes (2) dans la direction de l'intérieur de l'objet creux (1), assurant ainsi simultanément une protection contre le feu et une fermeture dudit objet.
PCT/NO1989/000005 1988-01-11 1989-01-11 Procede et dispositif de protection contre l'elevation excessive de la temperature et notamment protection contre le feu d'un objet creux allonge conduisant un fluide facilement inflammable WO1989006329A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO880093 1988-01-11
NO88880093A NO880093L (no) 1988-01-11 1988-01-11 Fremgangsmaate og anordning for overtemperaturbeskyttelse,hovedsakelig brannbeskyttelse av en langstrakt hul gjenstand som foerer et lett antennelig fluidum.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989006329A1 true WO1989006329A1 (fr) 1989-07-13

Family

ID=19890549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO1989/000005 WO1989006329A1 (fr) 1988-01-11 1989-01-11 Procede et dispositif de protection contre l'elevation excessive de la temperature et notamment protection contre le feu d'un objet creux allonge conduisant un fluide facilement inflammable

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2924689A (fr)
NO (1) NO880093L (fr)
WO (1) WO1989006329A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE365302B (fr) * 1972-05-23 1974-03-18 Volvo Penta Ab

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE365302B (fr) * 1972-05-23 1974-03-18 Volvo Penta Ab

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACT OF JAPAN, Vol. 7, No. 261, M-257; & JP,A,58 142 814, published 1983-08-25. *
PATENT ABSTRACT OF JAPAN, Vol. 7, No. 261, M-257; & JP,A,58 142 815, published 1983-08-25. *
PATENT ABSTRACT OF JAPAN; & JP,A,53 022 613, published 1978-02-03. *
PATENT ABSTRACT OF JAPAN; & JP,A,54 081 518, published 1979-06-29. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO880093L (no) 1989-07-12
AU2924689A (en) 1989-08-01
NO880093D0 (no) 1988-01-11

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