Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
  • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
  • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
  • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
  • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
  • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools

Definitions

• the invention applies to a grader, particulary for use with tractors, for levelling, planing and smoothing running tracks, roads and the like.
• grader Different types of grader are known with levelling blades and smoothing drums.
• the disadvantages with these are poor penetration characteristics on hard surfaces, lump formation, or poor levelling and unsatisfactory removal of any vegetation residue.
• the main purpose of the invention is to devise a grader which has better operational characteristics than any equivalent, known equipment. It is important that the grader should be suitable for use on relatively hard surfaces, such as gravel tracks and other areas covered by gravel.
• Fig. 1 illustrates a detail from a cross-section of a grader designed in accordance with the invention, and attached to a tractor, while
• Fig. 2 shows a horizontal section from above the grader in Fig. 1.
• the grader in the example consists of a forward leveller blade 11, linked to a pair of braces 12 which are pressed towards the surface by a pair of helical springs 13 attached to the braces.
• the braces 12 are firmly attached to a square cross-beam 14 which has an adjustable support-wheel 15 at each end.
• the braces 12 extend forwards and downwards m relation to the crossbeam 14.
• the cross-beam 14 is equipped with three anchorage points for a three point suspension on a tractor. Only the upper of these is shown at the leading edge of an arm 16 which is supported by a pair of upward protruding struts 17 attached to the cross-beam 14.
• the struts support a gearbox 18 which is designed to be connected to the tractor's power supply.
• the gearbox 18 has a downward protruding axle 19 which is connected to a pivot 20.
• the pivot 20 is linked by joints at each end to front and back transverse rails, 21 and 22 respectively, which each m turn support a row of downward protruding teeth or the "toothed blades" 23 and 24.
• transverse rails 21 and 22 are locked together in a hinged parallelogram with two more jointed pivots 25 and 26. one on each side of the central drive pivot 26 Pivots 25 and 26 are hinged on the cross-beam 14. The details of this are not illustrated.
• the toothed blades 23 and 24 are mounted so as to harrow the surface after it has been planed by the leveller blade 11.
• the harrowing is significantly intensified by the lateral movement or vibration that comes from the drive pivot 20.
• the cross-beam 14 supports a pair of backward-facing supports 27 and 28 which are attached to a smoothing blade 29 with a runner-shaped cross-section.
• Supports 31 and 32 On the back transverse rail 22, there is a pair of backward-facing supports 31 and 32 which are hung on two upward protruding U-brackets 30. Supports 31 and 32 carry a lateral harrow 33, i.e., a rail 34 with downward protruding teeth 35.
• the teeth 35 correspond to the toothed blade in shape and distribution but may have different dimensions.
• the harrow 33 is designed to be positioned diagonally in relation to the tractor's direction of travel. This means that the mass which does not pass through the teeth 35 is led towards the backward end of the row of teeth.
• the harrow 33 Since it is mounted on the back transverse rail 22, the harrow 33 will swivel sideways with the rail. This will increase the effect of the sifting so that the teeth 35 do not become clogged by the mass which is small enough to pass through. At the same time, objects which are too large to pass through, e.g., plant roots, will be forced towards the side.
• a brush could be fitted behind the harrow 33 which would even out the surface before it is smoothed by the smoothing blade 29.
• the various blades could be fitted so that they are adjustable, this will ensure that their height and angles are suitable for specific areas of use.
• the smoothing blade 29 could be replaced by a roller.
• the grader in this invention has two parallel laterally-vibrating rows of toothed blades 23 and 24. This counterbalances the lateral forces which would have otherwise been transferred to the tracts.
• two rows of teeth working in opposition is a more effective means of crushing or pulverising lumps than one row of laterally-vibrating teeth, or two fixes rows of teeth.
• the toothed blades 23 and 24 may have be of different design, density and length depending on the area of use. It could be advantageous to set the teeth in the trailing row 24 slightly lower than those in the leading row, so as to counterbalance the lateral forces as much as possible. The return force from the surface will result in oscillations in the supports, which will cause vibration. This vibration will in turn be transferred to the smoothing blade 29 thereby increasing its effect.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19889159

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Citations (6)

• 1986
  • 1986-08-26 NO NO863411A patent/NO161184C/no unknown
• 1987
  • 1987-09-10 FI FI873914A patent/FI873914A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1987-09-11 SE SE8703527A patent/SE458864B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1987-09-22 EP EP87906113A patent/EP0342189A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1987-09-22 WO PCT/NO1987/000061 patent/WO1989002956A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (6)

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