WO1988004950A1

WO1988004950A1 - Rotor for centrifugal separators used for degassing liquids

Info

Publication number: WO1988004950A1
Application number: PCT/DE1987/000611
Authority: WO
Inventors: Walter Hamacher; Rudolf Pelzer
Original assignee: Walter Hamacher; Rudolf Pelzer
Priority date: 1987-01-10
Filing date: 1987-12-31
Publication date: 1988-07-14
Also published as: DE3700581C2; DE3700581A1; AU1055488A

Abstract

A rotor for centrifugal separators used for degassing and defoaming liquids has several concentric cylinders (9, 36, 67) alternately secured to a cover (19, 33) or to a bottom (7, 30) parallel thereto. The bottom (7, 30) and the cover (19, 33) are mutually linked by a clamping column (1). The clamping column (1, 58) feeds the liquid to be degassed or defoamed, holds together the rotor parts and effects the drive transmission. Such rotors can be easily incorporated into bio-reactors to form an integral part thereof.

Description

Rotor for centrifugal separators for degassing liquids

description

The invention relates to a rotor for centrifugal separators for degassing liquids with a bottom, an associated, spaced lid, degassing passages in the bottom and lid, a drive hub coupled to the bottom, a centrally located liquid connector and several coaxial to each other and to the bottom and the cover arranged cylinders, which alternately start from the bottom or the lid and leave radial through openings in the area of the respectively opposite lid or bottom.

Such separators are used to expel dissolved and undissolved gases contained in a liquid, which can be, for example, air or water vapor, from the liquid and thus also to break down bubble-containing liquids or even foams into the gas and liquid components. The rotor is housed in a housing that is adapted to it, which is usually suppressed. This results in a pressure drop for the expelled gas from the inside of the rotor to the outside. A rotor for a centrifugal separator is already known (PS 25 52 231), which has a base which is provided with a stub shaft for driving. Furthermore, a cover is provided, to which a liquid connection in the form of a hollow shaft is connected. The connection between the bottom and the lid is formed by an outer cylinder which is firmly connected to the bottom and screwed to the lid.

The liquid to be degassed entering this rotor first reaches a distributor plate and is thrown from there onto the inner surface of a cylinder which ends at a distance from the bottom at its lower end. The liquid is distributed rotationally symmetrically - axially on this cylinder surface and undergoes a first degassing here. It flows around the lower edge of this cylinder and is thrown against the surface of a coaxially arranged cylinder of larger diameter. Here again, liquid distribution and partial degassing take place. The liquid then flows around the top of this cylinder, etc.

Degassing openings are provided in the bottom and in the lid, from which the separated gas can escape.

In this known device it may be possible. are perceived as disadvantageous that the pot-like design of the outer cylinder and the bottom hinder the cleaning of the rotor and complicate its assembly. Furthermore, at the high speeds of 2,000 rpm. and more disadvantageous that the supporting element of the rotor between the bottom and cover is arranged radially on the outside, so that any imbalance of this part or the connections of this part with the bottom and cover have an increased effect and can lead to damage at least in the long term.

The object of the present invention is now to NEN rotor for a centrifugal separator to create, which avoids the disadvantages of the relevant known rotors and is particularly easy to assemble and clean with a simple structure. It should also be suitable for degassing and defoaming viscous liquids on a large-scale, continuously and highly effectively.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a rotor of the type mentioned in the introduction in that the bottom and the cover are connected to one another via a centrally arranged tubular tension column, at one end of which the liquid connection is located, while at the other end the drive hub is connected, and that the tension column is provided near its one end between the bottom and the lid with radial through openings.

This rotor can be accommodated in a housing that is adapted to it, or in a container designed for chemical or biological reactions.

The tension column as the load-bearing connecting element between the bottom and the cover is arranged in the center of the rotor and consequently has a relatively small diameter. The design of the rotor that is possible as a result is therefore also suitable for very high speeds. Furthermore, this rotor enables the base and cover to be easily detached from one another, which makes it particularly easy to keep them clean and to assemble them. The rotor can be flooded for cleaning purposes and reversibly driven to improve the cleaning effect. The new rotor even makes it possible to change the number of cylinders with little effort and thus adapt it to the respective process engineering requirements.

The liquid connection and thus the cover of the rotor can be directed both upwards and downwards. So Lateral alignment is even possible. The same then naturally applies to the drive side.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the radial passage openings are arranged in the clamping column near the bottom. The liquid to be degassed or defoamed is guided from one end of the tensioning column to the other end and only emerges radially there.

The rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators can also be designed so that the passage openings are designed as axial elongated holes. This configuration of the passage openings has proven to be particularly advantageous.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the tensioning column is provided with radial degassing openings near its end adjacent to the cover. It has been shown that such vent openings can promote the effectiveness of the rotor.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the tensioning column has a tensioning column head at its end facing the cover, which receives the liquid connection, forms a contact shoulder for the cover and has a threaded section for a union nut that clamps the cover. After unscrewing the union nut, the cover with the cylinders attached to it can be removed, so that thorough cleaning of the rotor is then possible.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the tensioning column in the end facing the floor has a tensioning column plate with an axially protruding threaded pin, with which a into a hub engaging shaft cone is screwed, the bottom is fixed between the tension column plate and the hub. This makes it possible to quickly and easily remove the floor from the tension column.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the coaxially arranged cylinders are attached to the bottom or cover and end at their end remote from the attachment point with an axial distance in front of the cover or bottom. It is thereby achieved that the radial passage openings in the desired dimensions result automatically when the rotor is assembled.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed so that the end of the cylinders to be fastened each engage in an annular groove in the base or cover and are connected with threaded bolts which extend through bores in the base or cover and are screwed outside the same. The ring grooves give the cylinders precise centering. This further simplifies the assembly of the cylinders.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the cylinders are flanged radially inward at their fixed end and radially outward at their free end. This gives each cylinder increased roundness and rigidity. Flow and cleanliness are improved at the same time.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the bottom and the cover are provided with degassing openings running in the circumferential direction. In this way, the degassing passages can be dimensioned as large as is most appropriate for the optimal treatment of the liquid to be degassed or defoamed. The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the base and / or the cover is / are formed from radially extending support arms. This reduces the amount of material required. At the same time, the weight of the entire device is reduced and the concentricity is improved. In addition, the degassing passages are designed to be particularly large, as is advantageous for the degassing and defoaming processes.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed so that the bottom and the cover are formed from at least three radially extending support bars releasably attached to a central ring body, on which plate-shaped spacers, each provided with a support surface, are fixed, and that each cylinder is supported on one edge on supporting rods and on its other edge on spacers at a distance from the supporting rods carrying them. A rotor designed in this way can be particularly easily dismantled into its parts and then reliably cleaned.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the cylinders are flanged radially inward on their edge supported on supporting rods and radially outward on their edge supported on disc holders. This cropping leads to stiffening of the cylinders and results in shapes that are easy to clean.

The rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators can also be designed so that the cylinders engage positively over the supporting rods on their edge supported on supporting rods. In this way, the transmission of the rotary drive to the cylinders is ensured with simple means even at high acceleration values. The rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators can also be designed so that each support rod forms a one-piece rotating body together with the dance pieces fixed on it. This results in considerable advantages, in particular for automatic production, which contribute to reducing manufacturing costs.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the tensioning column is provided with a screw conveyor in its interior. This embodiment is particularly advantageous if the liquid to be degassed or defoamed does not easily enter the tensioning column. This can be particularly useful if the medium to be defoamed has to enter from bottom to top.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed so that Mi tnehmerrippen are arranged on the inner surfaces of the cylinders. These drive ribs, which can be arranged on some or all of the inner surfaces of the cylinders, serve to positively accelerate the more or less foamy liquid that is flung onto the inner surfaces to the nominal speed, thereby increasing the centrifugal and, as a result, the separating effect. The driving ribs, like the blades of centrifugal pumps, can be curved both forwards and backwards. Often, however, a straight line arrangement of the rollers along the cylinder surface lines will suffice.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that it is arranged with an inlet located at the bottom as a plug-in unit in the upper region of a bio-reactor provided with an exhaust pipe. It can therefore be integrated into an existing reactor. This leads to space savings and a particularly simple construction. The rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators can also be designed such that a guide cone of an intermediate floor arranged in the bio-reactor opens into the inlet. The foam produced in the upper part of the reactor can thus be introduced directly into the rotor without additional line expenditure.

The rotor for centrifugal separators according to the invention can also be designed such that the intermediate floor has immersion passages for separated liquid flowing back down into the bio-reactor. In this way, the degassed or defoamed medium can be returned directly to the process taking place in the reactor.

In the following part of the description, some embodiments of the inventions are described with reference to drawings. It shows:

1 shows an axial section through a first embodiment of the rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators, the base and cover being disc-shaped,

2 shows a section along the line A-B in Fig. 1,

3 shows a section along the line C-D in FIG. 1,

4 shows an axial section through a further embodiment of the rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators, in which the base and cover are formed by support arms,

5 shows a section along the line E-F in Fig. 4,

6 shows a section along the line GH in FIG. 4, 7 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators, which is arranged in the upper region of a reaction container,

8 shows a section along the line I-K in FIG. 7,

9 shows an axial section through a further embodiment of the rotor according to the invention for centrifugal separators, in which the bottom and the cover are formed by supporting rods,

10 shows a section along the line L-M in Fig. 9,

11 shows a partial section along the line N-O in Fig. 10 and

12 shows a partial section along the line P-R in FIG. 11

The embodiment of the rotor for centrifugal separators according to FIGS. 1-3 has a tubular tensioning column 1, which is closed at its lower end with a column plate 2. A threaded pin 3 projects centrally from the column plate 2, onto which a shaft cone 4 is screwed. This shaft cone 4 engages in the conical bore of a hub 5. Between the outer edge of the column plate 2 and the hub 5, the inner edge 6 of a disc-shaped base 7 is located and is fixed there.

The bottom 7 is provided on its inside with annular grooves 8, in each of which the edge of a cylinder 9 engages. Threaded bolts 10 are welded to the edge of each cylinder 9, which engage in bores 11 of the base 7 and are secured there by means of nuts 12.

To fix the cylinders 9, they are tere edges inserted into the ring grooves 8, wherein the threaded bolts 10 extend through the holes 11.

A counter screw 13 is provided in the column plate 2, the shaft of which presses against the hub 5 and thus secures the screw connection between the threaded pin 3 and the shaft cone 4.

The tensioning column 1 is provided above the column plate 2 with through openings 14 in the form of axial elongated holes.

The tensioning column 1 has degassing openings 15 at its upper end. On the upper edge of the tensioning column 1 there is a tensioning column head 16, which forms a liquid connection 17. It has an outer shoulder 18 on which an inner edge of a disk-shaped cover 19 rests. A union nut 20 is screwed onto a threaded section 21 of the column head 16 and fixes the cover 19. A lock screw 22 is screwed through the union nut 20 and secures the screw connection.

The cover 19, like the base 7, is provided with annular grooves 8, in each of which the edge of a cylinder 9 engages. These cylinders 9 are also connected to the cover 19 via threaded bolts 10, as has already been described in connection with the base 7.

The bottom 7 shown in Fig. 2 is provided with a number of elongated holes 23 which run in the circumferential direction and serve the gas outlet.

Fig. 3 shows the cover 19, which is also provided with elongated holes 24 extending in the circumferential direction.

Another embodiment will now be described with reference to FIG. 4 6 only to the extent that it is of the embodiment form according to the Flg. 1 - 3 deviates. The same reference numerals are used for matching components for both embodiments.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4-6, a base 30 is provided, which is formed from a number of radially extending support arms 31, which are evenly distributed over the circumference and originate from a ring 32, which is located between the hub 5 and the column plate 2 is determined as described for the floor 7 in FIG. 1.

The support arms 31 have a U or T profile.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4-6, a cover 33 is provided, which is formed from support arms 34 which extend radially from a ring 35, as was described for the base 30. The lid 33 is connected to the column head 16 in the manner as described above.

In this embodiment, cylinders 36 are alternately attached to the bottom 30 and the cover 33. These cylinders are flanged radially inwards at the fixed end 37. The free ends 38 of the cylinders 36 are flanged radially outwards and thus improve the transition of the liquid to be degassed or defoamed to the cylinder 36 adjoining radially outwards.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4-6, in the tensioning column 1 near the tensioning column head 16, deviating from the embodiment according to FIGS. 1-3, no degassing openings 15 are provided, since the special construction of this embodiment does not require degassing openings.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4-6, the entire area between the support arms 31 and 34 is available for the exit of the gas. 7 shows a rotor designed according to the invention in the upper region of a reaction vessel, for example a bio-reactor. A liquid inlet 40 is provided in the lower area of the rotor. A pipe socket 41 of an intermediate bottom 42 of the reaction container 43 opens into this liquid inlet 40. Liquid to be degassed or medium 44 to be degassed or defoamed passes through the nozzle 41 into a tensioning column 45, the interior 46 of which has a screw conveyor 47 which contains the medium 44 to be degassed feeds the rotor into it.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, as shown in particular in FIG. 8, driver ribs 52 are provided on the inner surfaces of the cylinders 9, four of which, in the embodiment shown, are each evenly distributed over the circumference of a cylinder 9 and run along surface lines of the cylinder .

Otherwise, this rotor can be designed in accordance with one of the previously described embodiments. The released gas can be drawn off through an exhaust pipe 48 of the container. Connection to a vacuum pump can also be provided. The degassed or defoamed liquid emerging from the rotor flows back according to the arrows 49 through immersion passages 51 on the intermediate base 42 into the lower part of the reaction container 43 in order to be reintroduced there into the process taking place below the intermediate base 42.

In this embodiment, the drive takes place via a shaft 50 which extends through the cover of the reaction container 43.

The embodiment shown with reference to FIGS. 9-12 also has a shaft cone 4 which fits into the conical bore Ring hub 55 engages. A column plate 56 is provided over the ring hub 55. A clamping screw 57 passes through a central bore in the column plate 56 and is screwed into the shaft cone 4. A tensioning column 58 is firmly attached to the outer edge of the column plate 56. It is welded to the column plate 56 and has through openings 59 at its lower end. With the upper edge of the tension column 58, an annular tension column head 60 is firmly connected.

In the exemplary embodiment described, three radially extending support rods 61 are screwed into the ring hub 55 and into the clamping column head 60 in the exemplary embodiment described. These support rods 61 are rotating bodies which are identical to one another. They have plate-shaped spacers 62, each of which has a collar 63 in its most radially inward region, which is adjoined by a surface 65 which is inclined radially outward in the direction of the axis 64 of the support rods 61. The face 65 is followed radially outward by an end face 66 for each spacer 62.

The support rods 61 on the bottom of the rotor can lie one above the other in alignment with the support rods 61 on the cover of the rotor. However, it is also possible for the support rods 61 on the base and on the cover to be offset from one another in such a way that each support rod of the cover lies between two support rods of the base in plan view.

In this rotor, too, cylinders 67 are provided which are supported with their lower edge on the supporting rods 61 of the base and with their upper edge on the supporting rods of the cover. The cylinder 67 'with the smallest diameter is supported on its lower edge in front of a spacer 62 on the support rods 61. At this edge it is flanged radially inwards at 68 and thereby the surface ver barrel of the support rod 61 arched adapted so that a positive engagement between the cylinder 67 'and the support rods 61 of the floor is formed. The innermost cylinder 67 'is flanged radially outward at its upper edge and is supported on the surfaces 65 of the support rods 61 of the cover. The cylinder 67 '' which adjoins radially outwards is flanged at its upper edge radially inwards and is supported on the support rods 61 of the cover in the same way as for the support of the cylinder 67 'on the support rods 61 of the base. As a result, the cylinder 67 ″ extends upwards more than the cylinder 67 ′. At its lower edge, the cylinder 67 ″ is supported on the surfaces 65 of the spacers 62 of the support rods 61 of the floor. The cylinder 67 ″ is curved radially outward here. The remaining cylinders 67 are alternately supported in accordance with the cylinders 67 'and 67''.

When assembling the rotor according to this embodiment, after inserting the support rods 61 of the base, the cylinders 67 are first placed on them. The combination of the support rods 61 of the cover, the tensioning column head 60, the tensioning column 58 and the column plate 56 is then placed onto the ring hub 55 from above. The column plate 56 is guided on the ring hub 55, a height gap 70 remaining between the ring hub 55 and the column plate 56. By tightening the clamping screw 57, it is now possible to clamp the cylinders 67 between the supporting rods 61.

Claims

Expectations

1.Rotor for centrifugal separators for degassing liquids with a bottom, a connected lid, at a distance from it, degassing passages in the bottom and lid, a drive hub coupled to the bottom, a liquid connector arranged centrally in the lid and several coaxially to one another and to the bottom and the cover arranged cylinders, which alternately originate from the base or the cover and leave radial through openings in the area of the opposite cover or base, characterized in that the base (7,30) and the cover (19,33) have a central arranged tubular tension column (1.45) are connected to one another, at one end of which the liquid connection (17.40) is located, while at the other end the drive hub (5) is connected, and that the tension column (1.45) is close to it one end between the bottom (7.30) and the lid (19.33) with radial openings n (14) is provided.

2. Rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the radial passage openings (14) in the tension column (1) are arranged near the bottom (7.30).

3. Rotor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the passage openings (14) are designed as axial slots.

4. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning column (1) near its end (19, 33) adjacent end is provided with radial degassing openings (15).

5. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning column (1) at its end facing the cover (19, 33) has a tensioning column head (16) which receives the liquid connection (17), an abutment shoulder (18) for forms the cover (19, 33) and has a threaded section (21) for a union nut (20) that clamps the cover (19, 33).

6. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning column (1) in the end (7,30) facing the end has a tensioning column plate (2) with an axially projecting threaded pin (3) with which a in a hub (5) engaging shaft cone (4) is screwed, the bottom (7,30) being fixed between the tensioning column plate (2) and the hub (5).

7. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coaxially arranged cylinders (9,36) are attached to the bottom (7,30) or cover (19,33) and at their end remote from the attachment point with an axial distance end in front of the lid (19.33) or bottom (7.30).

8. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinders (9) each engage with their end to be fastened in an annular groove (8) in the base (7) or cover (19) and are connected with threaded bolts (10), which pass through bores (11) in the base (7) or cover (19) and are screwed outside the same.

9. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinders (36) are flanged at their fixed end radially inward and at their free end radially outward.

10. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, there characterized in that the bottom (7) and the cover (19) are provided with degassing openings (23) running in the circumferential direction.

11. Rotor according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the bottom and / or the cover is / are formed from radially extending support arms (31, 34).

12. Rotor according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the bottom and the lid are formed from at least three radially extending, releasably attached to a central ring body (55, 60) supporting rods (61), on which plate-shaped, with each a support surface (65) provided spacers (62) and that each cylinder (67) is supported at one edge on supporting rods (61) and at its other edge on spacers (62) at a distance from the supporting rods (61) carrying them is.

13. A rotor according to claim 12, characterized in that the cylinders (67) are flanged radially inward on their edge supported on supporting rods (61) and radially outwardly on their edge supported on spacers (62).

14. Rotor according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the cylinders (67) overlap the support rods (61) in a form-fitting manner on their edge supported on support rods (61).

15. Rotor according to one of claims 12 - 14, characterized in that each support rod (61) forms, together with the spacers (62) fixed on it, an integral rotary body.

16. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning column (45) is provided in its interior with a screw conveyor (47).

17. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that driver ribs (52) are arranged on the inner surfaces of the cylinders (9, 36).

18. Rotor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is arranged with an inlet (40) at the bottom as a plug-in unit in the upper region of a bio-reactor provided with an exhaust pipe (48).

19. Rotor according to claim 14, characterized in that in the inlet (40) a nozzle (41) of an intermediate bottom arranged in the bio-reactor (42) opens.

20. Rotor according to claim 15, characterized in that the intermediate floor (42) has immersion passages (51) for separated liquid flowing back down into the bio-reactor.