Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
  • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
  • A63C19/04—Mats or carpets for courts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
  • E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
  • E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
  • E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
  • E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
  • E01C13/065—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003 at least one in situ layer consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an underlay shock pad of the kind stated in the preamble of claim 1.
• the un ⁇ derlay shock pad may be used in connection with the estab- lishing of children's playgrounds.
• the underlay shock pad is preferably placed in areas , where the risk of children stumbling or falling down is greatest.
• the underlay shock pad may preferably be placed under swings, slides, and climbing frames. According to literature available, such as for in ⁇ stance "Det Socialpeedagogiske Fagblad, B ⁇ rn & Unge", no.3.3, it seems reasonable to asfsume that about 12,000 accidents take place every year in Danish playgrounds. Of this num ⁇ ber approx. 3,000 are serious accidents.
• underlayers must be constantly kept in place, as, otherwise, they do tend to spread like for in ⁇ stance the sand in a sand box.
• various mats are used as underlay shock pads, said mats consisting of a layer of foamed plastics provided with a hard-wearing canvas coating ' or the like. Examples of such mats are given in the specification to Danish patent application no. 2099/77 or Swedish publication no. 440,729. These mats are generally not suited for being permanently placed out, of doors and consequently do not possess the properties necessary for preventing absorption of water.
• various types of artificial turfs are known, cf. for instance British Patent No. 1,341,891.
• tiiese underlayers are complicated to produce and therefore rather costly.
• Rubber materials may also have good shock absorbing qualities, but they may be so elastic that another type of injuries are caused thereby.
• Thestudy shows among others that an impact on the foreliead (the brow) at a frequency of 300 Hz may entail vibrations in the back of the head (the neck) , said vibrations being thrice as big as the original impact due to the resonant frequency of the skull itself.
• the driving force produces pr__ ⁇ arily a phase- - 5 line-ar acceleration of the skull and brain.
• Shorter duration pulses particularly those with short risetime, have a broader fre ⁇ quency spectrum which can excite skull vibrations, thereby augmenting or modifying the skull flexure patterns pro ⁇ cuted by the force. It is not yet understood in what
• the object of the present invention is to remedy the above-mentioned disadvantages in the known underlay shock pads. This means that an underlay shock pad is to be provided, the properties of which are not are not to any noticeable degree influenced by climatic condi-
• underlay shock pad which is characteristic by the subject matter disclosed in the characterizing clause of claim 1.
• the underlay shock pad consists of a comparative ⁇ ly rigid and hard mineral wool with fibres fixed by means of a bonding agent, the low dependency on climate condi ⁇ tions is attained.
• the material itself is water-repellant due to the properties of the bonding agent, and. the"mineral wool plates act as an insulation for the underlaying drain ⁇ age layer. Because of its rigidity, the mineral wool will not be diffuclt to pass either on foot or with children's bikes, and the plates are so heavy that they do not tend to be displaced or moved.
• the mineral wool plates are characterized by not having a rubber-like elastic effect, such ' an effect being undesirable, as the counter-effect thereof may cause a reverse acceleration within the dangerous frequency area.
• the underlay shock pad according to the invention is a slow material as far as movements are converned, said pad giving according to documented measurements vibration frequencies being rather far from the dangerous frequency area.
• the de-acceleration is measured to below 50 G, preferably 40-42 G. With respect to a concrete tile a de-acceleration of 140 G is measured under the same test conditons.
• the underlay shock pad according to the invention consists of one or more mineral wool slabs, the thickness of which is within the area of 30 - 300 mm. Preferably, thicknesses from 30 - 100 mm are chosen.
• mineral wool plates,plates of a mineral fibre felt are to beunderstood in this connection, the fibres of which are in their inter- secting points bound together by means of a bonding agent, usually a phenol resin.
• the mineral wool is preferably of a type having the fibres placed parallelly to the surface,
• the bulk weight may be in the range of 70 - 300 kg/m .
• mineral wool plates are chosen, the bulk weight
• the mineral wool plates are being placed for example on an approximately plane and .drained underlayer of gravel or the like.
• the drainage underlayer may advantageously be lowered in such • a way that >the surface of the underlay shock pad is ' ⁇ in level with the surrounding ground.
• the underlay shock pay may be ready-made from a factory in the form of mineral wool slabs in the size of for instance 120 x 120 cm.
• the upper side of the plates and the edges may be coated with a comparatively thin rubber plate ensuring a hard-wearing and non-skid surface.
• the mineral wool plates are laid out side by side on the draining underlayer, and if necessary a final covering and sealing of the com ⁇ plete surface is made.
• the final covering may consist of: a bituminous adhesive, a bituminous insulating paper , a thin layer of a urethane two-component adhesive, rough reinforcement web, a thicker layer of a two-component adhesive with rubber granulate.
• the total thickness of the covering is approx. 5 mm.
• the underlay shock pad is composed by several on top of each other placed mineral wool plates.
• the plates may vary as to thickness and bulk weight.
• the plates having the big ⁇ gest bulk weight are placed on top, as they may thus con ⁇ tribute to the distribution of pressure.
• the membrane or the surface covering essentially aims at distributing the pressure for individual forces acting on the surface of the underlay shock pad.
• the surface covering may be made in many ways, which is not, however, of importance to the invention.
• the surface coating may be made of a layer composed by a reinforcing fleece, reinforcing glass- fibre web or the like which is glued to the surface of the mineral wool plates.
• a comparatively thin laye * r of a rubber asphalt may be placed, or rubber gra- nulate may be dispersed in the wet binder for binding the reinforcing web.
• the rubber layer may not become so thick that the above mentioned disadvantages of the rubber arise,.and that the layer is not so rigid that the shock absorbing property of the mineral wool is spoiled. Consequently, the surface layer is therefore of a thickness within the area of 2 - 5 mm.
• the drawing is a diagram showing the damping proper ⁇ ties of various materials used as an underlayer in play- grounds.
• the properties have been listed on basis of falling tests with a mock-up head of a child.
• the damping properties have been listed for various frequencies at a free fall of 60 cm.
• With a full-drawn line the properties of an underlay shock pad according to the invention is shown, said pad consisting of a 35 mm

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8115296

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (5)

Citations (3)

• 1986
  • 1986-06-11 DK DK274186A patent/DK274186A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1987
  • 1987-06-09 WO PCT/DK1987/000071 patent/WO1987007520A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (3)

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