Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
  • B29C48/302—Extrusion nozzles or dies being adjustable, i.e. having adjustable exit sections
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
  • B29C48/11—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels comprising two or more partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. honeycomb-shaped
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
  • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
  • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
  • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
  • Y10T428/139—Open-ended, self-supporting conduit, cylinder, or tube-type article
  • Y10T428/1393—Multilayer [continuous layer]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
  • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like

Definitions

• honeycomb structures some of which are honeycombed, are mainly used as a core or core in the manufacture of panels, or flat walls, of shape, or tubular, etc.
• Such a structure, trapped between two thin plates and hard, forming the facades of the wall has excellent rigidity under low weight.
• honeycomb honeycomb material There are several principles for manufacturing a honeycomb honeycomb material.
• One of them consists in gluing on top of each other a plurality of thin sheets along staggered lines from one sheet to the other and then deploying the stack by traction perpendicular to the plane of the plates.
• the body thus obtained by the volume of this stack has numerous parallel tubular channels. Appropriate cutting, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the channels, makes it possible to obtain plates, with the desired thickness which can then be used as a panel core, by covering them on each of their faces erected by parting off, with a facing sheet.
• This deformation manufacturing method is used to make honeycombs from metal sheets or last material.
• the honeycomb body can be obtained by extrusion through a die formed by a wall in which the openings are the intervals existing between fixed cores.
• the material which is pushed flows into the interstices and leaves the die in the form of a parallel tubular network where it is immediately cooled and hardened to keep its shape.
• the cooling is generally carried out by a circulation of water in the tubular network from pipelines debou ⁇ singing on the exit face of the cores.
• the section of the tubular network thus formed is necessarily reduced due to the limits of the plane of the die and the very complexity of this die (see document FR-A-2,493,219). It follows that the plates obtained by cutting this beam tubular, are small. It is then necessary to assemble them side by side by gluing or welding for their subsequent use as a core of a panel.
• the solution according to the invention resides in a simple extrusion device comprising two elements sliding relative to each other along a secant surface of the direction of exit of the product according to a periodic movement, one of the elements being constituted by a die provided with an opening for the passage of the product comprising at least one slit in the form of a broken line, the other element being a mask provided with a window partially revealing said opening between its two opposite opposite edges .
• the direction of exit of the product is parallel to a straight line and the dimension of the window measured between said opposite edges is of an order greater than the largest, greatest width of the slot.
• the outlet opening comprises slot segments, substantially parallel, located at each of the vertices of the broken line slot.
• the above window is substantially rectangular and the periodic movement of the mask is an alternating ent slide perpendicular to the long sides of the window. If the rectangle is curvilinear, at least as regards its long sides, the wall obtained will be curved, for example in cylindrical portion.
• the above window is annular and the periodic movement is an eccentric rotary sliding of the mask around the axis of symmetry of the opening of the die.
• the shape of the window is not limited. It can constitute a ripple or a succession of different sections (trapezoids, omega, ...) to obtain walls of any profi le.
• the alternative sliding speed of the mask is adjustable.
• the concealment can be carried out by a part of the mask having for this purpose an opening of variable section disposed opposite said orifice to keep the overall extrusion rate constant. If the partition thicknesses of each cell are not a priori essential as a characteristic of the product, a constant flow of the die can be ensured by seeing that, for a window of given dimensions, the sum of the sections of passage of the product registered within the window limits is constant, regardless of the position of the window during its movement.
• the device according to the invention may also include in the die wall an orifice separate from the slots, arranged so as to remain inscribed in the window whatever the position of the mask. It can also include secondary channels whose orifices ⁇ the product outlet consist of two parallel slots between them formed in the mask on either side of the window in permanent correspondence with a fixed orifice in the wall and each associated with a plating roller in the still pasty state of each of the plates coming from the slits, on the upper and lower surfaces of the abovementioned alveolar wall.
• a second object of the invention consists of a honeycomb wall produced by extrusion through a die of pasty material and solidification beyond the die, in which each honeycomb being delimited by a plurality of partitions substantially transverse to the thickness of the plate, at least two of the above-mentioned partitions are inclined both with respect to a direction normal to the faces of the wall and with respect to the direction of extrusion.
• Wall can be flat, curved, of any surface adjusted according to the direction of extrusion, or tubular.
• FIG. 1A, 1B and 1C are front diagrammatic views of three possible embodiments of the device according to L * i nventi on,
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of a device of the invention, in section selp_n line II- II of FIG. 1B,
• FIG. 3 illustrates by a schematic view similar to that of FIG. 2 an alternative embodiment of the invention allowing the coextrusion of two facing plates of the honeycomb structure
• FIG. 4 illustrates by a diagram an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention having means for adjusting the thickness of the extruded product
• FIG. 6 is a partial front view of a die nose allowing the extrusion of a honeycomb structure with a longitudinal partitioning
• FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a product with a honeycomb structure in the form of a plate according to the invention.
• this section 2 is constituted by a slit in the form of a broken line, therefore made up of successive oblique sections 2c of slit defining between them lower and upper vertices.
• this section 2 is constituted by a plurality of parallel lower slots 2a and a plurality of upper slots 2b also parallel and offset in the horizontal direction relative to the slots 2a. Apart from the end slots, each of the lower slots is connected by oblique slots 2c to the two upper slots which surround it. It is the same for the upper slots and their connection with the lower slots.
• the die plate 1 can be made of several pieces assembled and juxtaposed to make the extrusion opening in a simple manner.
• this portion can be held in place relative to the other parts of the wall which are adjacent to it by any known means such as fine spacers extending in the passage section of the product, or by the fact that this core is, inside the die, secured to a support itself secured to the die in a area that does not interfere with product circulation. It will be noted that whatever the design of the product passage section, none of the portions of this section is isolated from the others so that the surface of the complete section offers no solution of continuity.
• the device In front of the die 1, the device includes a mask 3 capable of sliding along the front face of this die, while being guided in this sliding along columns 4.
• a jack is shown at 5. in a movement back and forth, of determined race and adjustable, the mask 3 along the columns 4.
• this drive can be provided by a device 6 of toothed driving wheel cooperating with a rack 7 secured to the mask 3.
• the means per ⁇ applying the mask rollerers or pinch rollers for example
• FIG. 1A partially shows a plan view of the product P from the extrusion device seen from the front in this figure.
• the mask is driven by a continuous alternating movement of translation in front of the die wall, concomitantly at the outlet of the product. It will then be understood that the cross-section of the product constantly varies in its shape since it is, at a given instant, the intersection of window 3a with total section 2 of the opening of the die. The envelope of this section remains constant and identical to the outline of window 3a.
• the extruded product is therefore in the form of a " flat plate of thickness _l and width L in which a plurality of partitions delimit cells.
• An example of this product is shown in FIG. 7 and will be described in more detail. below.
• Another example of this product P is shown seen in plan, in FIG. 1A, without the extrusion head which, it is seen from the front.
• This product formed of a succession of square tetrahedral cells with a square base, is obtained by the die 1 provided 5 with the broken line opening 2 and in which the speed of • alternative movement of the mask 3 in front of this die is assumed to be equal to The constant speed of exit of the product, which is entirely theoretical because even if only at the point of turning back of the movement of the mask, The speed of the mask
• the scanning range of the window is represented between the two lines in dashed lines b. and B .
• the direction of extrusion is, on the product P represented by the arrow E. It is necessary that the direction of extrusion is parallel to a straight line.
• FIG. 1C is given to schematically illustrate an embodiment of the device according to the invention intended for the extrusion of a completely cylindrical alveolar wall in the form of a tube.
• the mask 3 here has an annular window 3b which is moved eccentrically around the axis 0 of a die 1, the opening 2 'of which is a slot in the form of an annular frieze of the same unitary pattern as that of FIG. 1B. It is clear that this sweeping movement amounts to the ' alternative movement of the mask of Figures 1A and 1B. To be convinced, it suffices to observe the scanning of a Limited sector of the sector.
• the eccentricity of the movement will be defined as a function of the width of the die zone to be scanned.
• the production of such a device involves linking the internal and external parts of the mask 3, in particular through the center of the die, along an axis close to the axis 0, which die will be for this annular effect.
• the cylindrical tube obtained can of course be of circular section, but it can also take any closed shape to produce any basic cylinder.
• the movement of the mask will also be adapted to this shape.
• FIG 2 by a diagram, illustrates in section the embodiment of the device according to Figure 1B, in which there is the plate 1 and the movable mask 3.
• the chamber 8 of the extruder is filled with material in the pasty state that a device known in itself (jack or supply screw) forces it to flow through the opening 2 of the die 1.
• a chamber. cooling 9 is disposed immediately adjacent to the mask 3. Preferably, this chamber 9 will be movable with the mask. It is filled with a coolant divider which can circulate between an entry 10 and an exit 11 of the room.
• the plate 12 of the extruded product is extracted from the chamber 9 in the solid state by drawing rollers 13 integral with the latter and is taken up by fixed rollers 14, sufficiently distant from the rollers 13, so that the plate can collect by deformation elasti ⁇ that bending ' the movement of the mask 3 and the cooling chamber.
• the mask 3 comprises, in addition to the window 3a, two slots 40, 41 parallel to the window 3a and situated on either side of the latter. Through these slots, a flat strip product can be extruded continuously since the interior chamber 8 communicates, through the wall 1 of the die, through openings 42, 43, with chambers 44, 45 formed in the mask -3.
• the height of these chambers is such that whatever the position of the mask 3, the openings 42, 43 emerge therein without actually coming into intersection with the main opening 2 of the die which cooperates with the window 3a.
• Internal conduits 46, 47 respectively connect the chambers 44, 45 to the slots 40, '41.
• the slots 40, 41 are sufficiently éloi- nied by the window 3a to a space may exist between the extruded product bands 48, 49 and the honeycomb structure 12, and that it is possible to accommodate there ramps 50, -51 for circulation of a cooling fluid causing a start of solidification.
• the strips 48 and 49 are then pressed, in the still pasty state on each side of the structure 12 by rollers 52, 53 secured to the mask 3. The means used to achieve this have not been shown in this figure.
• the strips 48, 49 may be in a product different from that of the core 12. In this case the orifices 42, 43 will be connected to a different chamber from the extruder receiving this other product. It may also be advantageous to provide, beyond the drawing rollers 14, a fixed table on which the product would slide by its lower face while above the product there is disposed a head for filling the cells, with a filling product. expandable. Following this head, the device may comprise, opposite the table, a fixed upper table which with the first forms a tunnel, heating or not, for restraining the expansion of the product being shaped. This would automatically obtain a rigid cellular product plate filled with a lining material, for sound and heat insulation, or sealed.
• each slot 2c must be equal to half that of each slot 2a or 2b, the number of slots 2a also being equal to the number of slots 2b and half the number of slots 2ç, when they are counted uncovered by the window, and that each of these parts has an identical law of variation of their section according to their height.
• Section 2 In case the drawing of Section 2 would not allow this relationship, we can provide, in the die and in the mask, orifices arranged opposite one another, and a blackout flap The orifice of the mask controlled by its position relative to Section 2 so to ensure an overflow which, variable, would compensate for variations in flow through the window 3a.
• the orifice provided in the wall 1 of the die would be sufficiently elongated, like that 15 in FIG. 4 so that the chamber 8 is always in communication with the orifice provided in the mask.
• Figure 4 there is shown schematically an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention in which the mask 3 has means for adjusting the height i of the window and, consequently, to allow the production of cellular walls of different fixed thicknesses or of a honeycomb wall of variable thickness, with the same tool.
• the movable mask 3 is, for this purpose, made up of several parts, namely a support part 16 comprising two upper parallel guides 16a and 16b and two lower parallel guides 17a and 17b converging one towards the other 17a and 17b , symmetrically with respect to a horizontal. These guides slidingly receive a part in two parts 18a, 18b which can slide vertically one with respect to the other and whose facing edges 19a and 19b constitute the longitudinal parallel edges of the window of the mask.
• the transverse edges 20a and 20b of this window are constituted by extensions of the parts 18a " and 18b aforesaid cooperating with one part in particular in guiding their relative movement of the line or approach.
• FIG. 5 is a sketch which shows through the window 3a of the mask 3 a particular portion of the extrusion section 2.
• This comprises an annular opening 22 communicating with the slots 2c, the part of pardi 23 internal to this annular opening being held in place by any known means shown diagrammatically at 24 connecting it to the other parts of the wall as explained previously.
• the window 3a is, in this figure, represented in the high position and its maximum stroke has the value C, the mixed line 25 i illustrating the position taken by the upper edge of the opening 3a in the low position. It is seen in these conditions that the central zone of the section 2 of extrusion, which comprises the annular opening
• the plate can thus comprise several tubes running along it tudinally, these tubes possibly advantageously constituting conduits for the circulation of a gas or a fluid, in particular heat transfer fluid. It is of course possible to extrude an elongate element of any solid or hollow section which can constitute a reinforcement for the honeycomb plate.
• This drawing of the product outlet section makes it possible to obtain a honeycomb structure in which the honeycombs are formed between parallel longitudinal partitions 27.
• This structure is well suited for subject panels to compression or bending in the longitudinal direction because the parallel partitions work in compression for their lower fibers and in traction for their external fibers in the manner of beams of a triangulated structure.
• FIG. 7 finally shows in perspective a portion of plate or cellular tube 30 obtained by the device according to the invention, the extrusion die being similar to that shown in FIGS. 1B or 1C.
• each cell such as 31 is delimited by six partitions, two of which 31a and 31b are longitudinal, • mutually parallel and perpendicular to the lower and upper surfaces of the plate. These surfaces are also parallel to the direction of extrusion A.
• the other four partitions 31c, 31d, and 31e, 31f are for their cross at an angle relative to 'surfaces 31a, 31b, thus to the directon A and further inclined with respect to a re perpendicuolai to the thickness of the plate or the tube (in this case a normal to the external surface of the tube).
• the cell is thus polyhedral with a large lower base and a small upper base, adjacent to two identical cells on the same transverse line of the product by its partitions 31a and 31b and adjacent to four cells inverted by its other partitions.
• the structure thus defined is very close to a known honeycomb structure and has all the characteristics thereof.
• the resistance of this structure to shear is very clearly superior to known honeycomb structures. Indeed, these partitions constitute true flying buttresses opposing this displacement and this, in all directions, which is not the case for a honeycomb structure having all its partitions perpendicular to the faces of the panel which it adorns .
• the sliding plane of the mask is shown on the die perpendicular to. direction of product exit. We can completely tilt this plane on this direction. The result will then reside in a dissymmetry of the alveoli in the direction of the extrusion. Specifically, 'if the plane is inclined forwardly and downwardly relative to the extrusion direction, the product as shown in Figure 7 will, for each cell, the walls 31c and 31d near Vertical and of short length while the partitions 31c and 31f will be very long and very flat. The product will therefore have a certain anisotropy which may be advantageous for certain applications. .Another alternative embodiment consists in providing the mask 3 in several moving parts with respect to the die independently of each other. For example.
• the mask of FIG. 1B could be divided into three parts, a fixed central part which would permanently reveal the central slots 2c, and two mobile parts on each side of this central part.
• the speeds of these end portions could be different from one another so that two cellular sheets of a different mesh would be obtained joined by a thin central portion which can form a hinge for the longitudinal articulation of the two plates, or a part of a breakable or easily detachable link.
• annular mask in another alternative embodiment, which relates to the manufacture of a tubular wall, provision may be made for the annular mask to have an annular window divided by solid mask sectors. If the movement of the mask is only an eccentric sliding, walls in the portion of a cylinder are produced, the longitudinal edges of which are parallel to the extrusion axis. The movement of the mask can include a rotation around its axis. In this case, the edges of the extruded cylinder portions will be helical.
• the extrusion of a tubular wall can be carried out through a plane inclined with respect to the direction of extrusion.
• the product which results therefrom has a geometry of cells similar to that already mentioned and has an elliptical section.
• the invention is not limited to the extrusion of plastic material whether it is thermoplastic or thermoset i ssab reinforced or not. It can be suitable for any material whose hardening can occur quickly under the effect of an appropriate external agent (cold, radiation, heating ). It also applies to alloys and in particular to certain forms of alloy. thi xotropic whose pasty state can be placed in the vicinity of the point of solidification .tion.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

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• 1986
  • 1986-04-11 FR FR8605216A patent/FR2597026B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1987
  • 1987-03-27 GR GR870497A patent/GR870497B/el unknown
  • 1987-03-27 EP EP87902109A patent/EP0263850B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-03-27 JP JP62502217A patent/JPS63502976A/ja active Pending
  • 1987-03-27 BR BR8707262A patent/BR8707262A/pt unknown
  • 1987-03-27 AU AU71677/87A patent/AU591770B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1987-03-27 WO PCT/FR1987/000097 patent/WO1987006181A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1987-04-07 IN IN261/MAS/87A patent/IN169602B/en unknown
  • 1987-04-08 IL IL82141A patent/IL82141A/xx unknown
  • 1987-04-09 ZA ZA872560A patent/ZA872560B/xx unknown
  • 1987-04-10 CN CN198787102766A patent/CN87102766A/zh active Pending
  • 1987-04-10 ES ES8701054A patent/ES2007606A6/es not_active Expired
  • 1987-12-02 KR KR87701136A patent/KR950005722B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 1987-12-10 SU SU874203843A patent/SU1658814A3/ru active
  • 1987-12-11 OA OA59241A patent/OA08784A/xx unknown
• 1989
  • 1989-10-26 US US07/428,039 patent/US5028466A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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