WO1986006315A1

WO1986006315A1 - Elongate construction element with lamellar structure

Info

Publication number: WO1986006315A1
Application number: PCT/FR1986/000149
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bruno Ricard
Original assignee: Bruno Ricard
Priority date: 1985-04-30
Filing date: 1986-04-30
Publication date: 1986-11-06
Also published as: DE3689994T2; ATE109061T1; DE3689994D1; FR2581109B1; EP0220256A1; EP0220256B1; FR2581109A1

Abstract

Elongate construction element with lamellar structure such as for example a beam, an upright, a cross-bar or other frame or framework part, comprised of a plurality of superposed thin wooden plies of lamellae (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, ..., 1n) adhered or glued together and of which the fibers are all orientated in the direction of the length (L) of said element, characterized in that the latter is provided with a plurality of equidistant transversal holes (3) which go right through it in the direction of its thickness (E) and distributed throughout its length (L). The invention also relates to wooden frameworks for various constructions or works, characterized in that they are executed by means of a plurality of elongate construction elements having a lamellar structure, which are built as indicated hereabove and assembled by means of connection members known per se.

Description

Elongated building element with lamellar structure.

The present invention relates to an elongated construction element made of wood and with a lamellar structure such as a beam, upright, cross member, or the like, usable for the production of formwork or other wooden structures, or for the execution of construction frameworks. and various works. It also targets the frameworks made using this element.

The elongated pieces of wood used in construction such as beams, uprights, crosspieces and others, are generally made of solid wood and the perforations necessary for their assembly are most often carried out on construction sites, as required. It is known to produce pieces of wood with lamellar structures, for a frame (FR-A-485.010), but these pieces of wood which are composed of superimposed strips of wood assembled by nailing, bolting or gluing, are of little interest , because they offer no ease of connection with each other, nor any flexibility of use on construction sites. In addition, the holes required for their bolting assembly are carried out on site, empirically, at the desired locations, as required, so that they are practically not reusable. Under these conditions, because of their high cost, solid wood pieces are generally preferred to them.

However, since solid wood is not a perfectly stable material, elongated pieces of wood such as beams and the like made from this material have very low resistance to compression, both longitudinal and transverse. It is therefore excluded from being able to install, in the holes made in these pieces of solid wood, metal members or parts intended to withstand significant forces, such as, for example, members for assembling elements of structures subjected to significant tensile, compressive and other forces. In addition, these solid wood construction elements offer no flexibility of use on construction sites.

Due to their insufficient performance, the applications of conventional beams and similar construction elements remain very limited. • Beams and beams made of ordinary cross-plywood, the use of which is rarer given their higher cost, do not offer much higher mechanical strength qualities than solid wood beams. The object of the present invention is in particular to remedy the abovementioned shortcomings of construction elements such as beams, uprights, crosspieces and the like, made of solid wood, with laminated structure, or in conventional plywood.

According to the invention, this objective is achieved by means of an elongated construction element with a lamellar structure consisting of a plurality of thin plies or overlapping strips of wood glued or laminated, the fibers of which are all oriented in the length direction. of said element, this construction element being more particularly remarkable in that it is provided with a plurality of equidistant transverse holes traversing it right through in the direction of its thickness and distributed over its entire length, this element possibly, for example, be called upon to constitute a beam, an upright, a cross member or other piece of frame or various frame.

The elongated building element according to the invention provides several advantages. For example :

- it authorizes the use of parts assemblies allowing significant efforts to be made at the level of these assemblies;

- it allows its coupling to a number of mechanical connection devices, reliably;

5 - it facilitates the task of the performers, due to the fact that its successive holes constitute benchmarks for the installation of various equipment (for example, supports, stabilizers, junction means, in the applications of the invention to the assembly of formwork ⁾ or 10 to determine the support or assembly locations of the elements;

- It can be easily combined or assembled, in various positions, with one or more other similar elements; _{ι ς} - it provides ease of assembly and disassembly favoring ^s' reuse, and a flexible use on construction sites.

The aforementioned goals, features and advantages, and others, will become more apparent from

20 the following description and attached drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a partial perspective view with partial cutaway, showing a beam executed according to the invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating various uses of the construction element according to the invention, in an interesting application for the production of a wooden sheet.

Figures 3 and 4 are partial views, in

, _Q perspective, illustrating two modes of connecting beams arranged in the same direction.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of a beam with a lamellar structure executed according to the invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing the assembly of two beams joined end to end, according to the connection mode illustrated in Figure 3.

Reference is made to said drawings to describe an interesting, although in no way limiting, embodiment of the elongated building element with a lamellar structure according to the invention, as well as some examples of use of said element.

This element 1 with a lamellar structure is remarkable by the fact that it consists of a plurality of folds or thin strips of wood 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, ..., 1n, glued or laminated, the wood grain is oriented in the same direction. More precisely. The fibers of all the thin strips of wood or joined plies are oriented in the direction of the length L of the element. On the other hand, this element is provided with a plurality of transverse holes 3, regularly spaced. Crossing it right through, in the direction of its thickness E.

The perforations or equidistant holes 3 advantageously have a cylindrical shape and they are distributed over the entire length L of the element 1.

On the other hand, they are, advantageously, located along the median line l * of the width l of the element, equidistant from the opposite longitudinal lateral faces 1a corresponding to the thickness of the latter.

The building elements according to the invention ^'may be performed with length, width and different thickness, being understood that, depending on their destination, they may advantageously be standardized to have an identical section and different lengths.

On the other hand, all the elements intended for the same application (execution of wooden formwork, for example) are provided with holes or perforations 3 having the same diameter and a spacing or not 2 equal. The spacing 2 'which separates each end of the element of the perforation 3 disposed near this end, is equal to half of the pitch 2 or spacing which separates the perforations. The width l and the thickness E of the element advantageously have values provided as a function of the value of the pitch 2 or spacing of the perforations 3. More precisely, the width l and the thickness E of the element correspond , respectively, at half and sixth of the value of this step or spacing. Thus, for an element provided with perforations 3 spaced apart in a pitch of 30 cm, the width l and the thickness E of said element have, respectively, a dimension of: - L = 30 cm: 2 = 15 cm; - E = 30 cm: 6 = 5 cm.

The wood used for making the building element according to the invention can advantageously be a spruce from the northern regions.

The plies or sheets of veneer are obtained, in a known manner, by peeling or slicing, and are glued or laminated using films or layers of phenolic resins known per se, which participate in the enrichment of the elements thus executed and improve Their performances.

Because of its robustness, its high resistance to compression and its perfect stability, despite the presence of its perforations, the element with a lamellar structure according to the invention lends itself to very varied uses and can withstand efforts significant, without risk of buckling, cracking or rupture.

Illustrated in Figures 2 to 4, some examples of uses of the building element according to the invention. According to Figure 2, this element is used as a vertical beam for stiffening a form. We have shown, for information, the installation of various organs or accessories on the vertical beams executed in accordance with the invention, such as:

- console 4 intended to support a working platform or walkway and fixed to one of the elements 1 by means of bolts 5 passing through holes 3 superimposed on said element;

- suspension bar 6 positioned in the aligned holes 3 of two neighboring uprights 1; "ladder bars 7 housed in the superimposed holes 3 of two neighboring elements 1;

- fixing bracket 8 of stabilizer 9 secured to one of the elements 1 by means of a bolt 5 passing through one of the holes 3 of said element; - Assembly and alignment fitting 10 used for the abutment of two superposed elements 1, fixed to said elements by means of bolts 5 passing through the holes 3 close to the latter;

- rolling foot 11 fixed to the base of one of the elements 1 _/ by means of bolts 5 passing through the two lower holes of said element.

Figures 3 and 6 illustrate the assembly of two identical beams 1 abutted, by means of splices l 'arranged on either side of the end parts of said beams and assembled by means of bolts 5, passing through the holes that have said parts , these fishplates being constituted by small elements executed in accordance with the invention and comprising at least four holes 3. It is observed that the spacing 2 "which separates the adjacent perforations 3 from the two beams 1 arranged end to end, is identical to the step 2 of the perforations 3 with which said beams are provided, owing to the fact that, as indicated above, the value of the spacing 2 'corresponds to half of step 2. Figure 4 shows another method of assembling two identical beams 1 oriented in parallel. According to this mode of connection, the beams are placed in contact by one of their terminal part, so that at least two of their perforations 3 are placed in alignment, the assembly being carried out by means of bolts 5 passing through said perforations aligned.

The invention also relates to wooden frames of various constructions or works, produced using a plurality of elements executed in the manner indicated above and assembled by means of connecting members known per se, such as bolts 5 , bars 6 or 7, fittings 10 or others.

Claims

1. - Elongated building element with a lamellar structure such as, for example, a beam, upright, cross member or other structural or framing piece, consisting of a plurality of thin folds or overlapping wooden strips (1a, 1b, 1c , 1d, ..., 1n ⁾ glued or laminated and the fibers of which are all orien¬ ted in the direction of the length (L) of said element, characterized in that the latter is provided with a plurality of equidistant transverse holes ( 3) crossing it right through, in the direction of its thickness (E) and distributed over its entire length ⁽ L).

2. - Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse holes (3). are arranged along the center line (L *) of the width (l) of said element, equidistant from the opposite longitudinal side faces (1a) corresponding to the thickness thereof.

3. - construction element according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the transverse holes (3) have a cylindrical shape.

4. - Construction element according to one of reven¬ dications 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacing ⁽ 2 ' ⁾ which separates _^ each end of said element from the perforation (3) disposed near this end, is equal to Half the step (2) or spacing which separates the perforations (3) of the element.

5. - construction element according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the width (l) of said element is equal to half the pitch or spacing (2) separating its perforations (3), and in that its thickness (E) is equal to 1 / όth of this step.

6. - Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the plies or strips of wood (1a, 1b, 1c, 1.d, ..., 1n) are assembled by means of films or layers of known phenolic resins in n / a.

7. - Wooden frame for various works or constructions, characterized in that it is executed using a plurality of elongated construction elements of lamellar structure (1, l '), produced according to any one claims 1 to 6 and assembled by means of connecting members (5, 6, 7) known per se.