Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
  • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
  • C08G59/4007—Curing agents not provided for by the groups C08G59/42 - C08G59/66
  • C08G59/4014—Nitrogen containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C261/00—Derivatives of cyanic acid
  • C07C261/02—Cyanates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
  • C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
  • C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D251/30—Only oxygen atoms
  • C07D251/34—Cyanuric or isocyanuric esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
  • C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
  • C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
  • C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
  • C08G59/066—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols with chain extension or advancing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
  • C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
  • C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
  • C08G59/26—Di-epoxy compounds heterocyclic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
  • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
  • C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
  • C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
  • C08G59/3236—Heterocylic compounds

Definitions

• the present invention provides processes for preparing hydroxyaromatic oligomers containing both triazine and oxazoline groups, and for preparing epoxy resins from said oligomers.
• Epoxy resins containing triazine groups are known from Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho 81 26,925 dated March 16, 1981.
• the preparation of said resins involves the use of the difficult-to-obtain intermediate 2,4,6-trichloro-l,3,5-triazine.
• coupling of 2,4,6-trichloro-l,3,5-triazine with a diphenol through the chloride groups is difficult and leads to a relatively uncontrollable product mix.
• the hydroxyaromatic oligomers prepared by the process of the present invention contain both triazine and oxazoline groups.
• the oligomers are prepared by co-oligomerization of a mixed cyanate of a polyphenol with an epoxy resin.
• the polyphenol such as 4 7 4'-isopropylidenediphenol (Bisphenol A) is reacted with less than a stoichiometric equivalent of a cyanogen halide in the presence of an alkaline agent, such as triethylamine.
• an alkaline agent such as triethylamine
• Co-oligomerization of this mixture with the desired amount of an epoxy resin such as the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A, provides hydroxyaromatic oligomers containing both triazine and oxazoline groups.
• Epoxidation of the oligomers and unreacted polyphenol, if any, using methods well known in the art provides the epoxy resin compositions of this invention.
• oligomers prepared from co-oligomerization of the mixed cyanate of a diphenol with an epoxy resin wherein the mole ratio of epoxy groups to cyanate groups is less than 1:10, respectively are generally insoluble in solvent(s) and/or reactant(s) useful in epoxidation reactions but are useful as thermoset resins.
• Oligomers prepared from co-oligomerization of the mixed cyanate of a diphenol with an epoxy resin wherein the mole ratios of epoxy groups to cyanate groups are 1:10 to 1:40 are most preferred precursors • to the epoxy resins of the present invention.
• Unreacted polyphenol which is preferably present as a component of the oligomers, is converted to the corresponding polyglycidyl ether during the epoxidation of the hydroxyaromatic oligomers. This improves overall processability of the epoxy resin. If desired, extra polyphenol can be added prior to epoxidation to increase the polyphenol polyglycidyl ether content of the finished epoxy resin product.
• extra polycyanate may be added to the cyanate mixture prior to co-oligomerization with an epoxy resin.
• the present invention pertains to a process for preparing hydroxyaromatic oligomers containing both triazine and oxazoline groups characterized by
• (II) co-oligomerizing the product resulting from (I) with an epoxy resin wherein the mole ratio of epoxy groups to cyanate groups is from 1:1 to 1:100, preferably from 1:10 to 1:40 in the presence of a suitable co-oligomerization catalyst at a temperature and time to essentially complete the co-oligomerization reaction.
• Another aspect of the present invention pertains to a process for preparing epoxy resin containing both triazine and oxazoline groups by epoxidizing a hydroxyaromatic material in a conventional manner by reaction with an epihalohydrin with subsequent dehydro- halogenation with a basic-acting material and finally recovering the resultant glycidyl ether product, characterized in that the hydroxyaromatic material is the resultant co-oligomerization product from step (II) of the process described hereinbefore.
• Suitable materials having an average of more than one aromatic hydroxyl group per molecule which can be employed in the present invention include, for example, those represented by the formulas
• A is a divalent hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 12, preferably from 1 to 6
• each A' is a divalent
• m has a value from zero to 2;
• m » has a value from 1 to 100;
• n has a value of zero or 1 and n 1 has a value from 1.01 to 6.
• aromatic hydroxyl-contain- ing compounds include, for example, o-, m- and p-dihydroxy- benzene, 2-tert butyl hydroquinone, 2,4-dimethyl resorcinol, 2,5-di-tert butyl hydroquinone, tetramethyl hydroquinone, 2,4,6-trimethyl resorcinol, 4-chlororesorcinol, 4-tert butyl pyrocatechol, l,l-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane;
• 1,1-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-cyclohexane bis-(2-hydroxy- -1-naphthyl)-methane, 1,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,2,2- -tetramethyl ethane, 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4,4'-bis(4-hydroxy)phenoxy-benzophenone, 1,4-bis- (p-hydroxyphenyl isopropyl)-benzene, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol, 2,2' ,5,5'-tetrahydroxy-diphenyl sulfone, other dihydroxydiphenyl alkanes, and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable cyanogen halides which can be employed herein include, for example, cyanogen chloride, cyanogen bromide, and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable basic-acting materials which can be employed herein as component (I-C) include both inorganic bases and tertiary amines, such as, for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethylamine, and mixtures -thereof.
• tertiary amines are most preferred as the base material.
• Suitable epoxy resins for co-oligomerization with the cyanate mixture include, for example, those represented by the formulas
• Suitable co-oligomerization catalysts which can be employed herein include, for example, metal salts of carboxylic acids, such as, lead octoate, zinc stearate, zinc acetylacetonate, at concentrations of 0.001 to 5 percent. Most preferred catalysts are cobalt naphthenate, cobalt octoate, or mixtures thereof.
• the epoxidation step can be accomplished by employing the known methods described in Handbook of Epoxy Resins by Lee and Neville, McGraw-Hill, 1967. This usually includes reacting the product from step (II) with an epihalohydrin followed by dehydrohalo- genation with a basic-acting material such as an alkali metal hydroxide and finally recovering the resultant glycidyl ether product.
• a basic-acting material such as an alkali metal hydroxide
• the step (I) reaction is usually conducted at a temperature of from -40°C to 60°C, preferably from -20°C to 25°C for from 10 minutes (600 s) to 120 minutes (7200 s), preferably from 10 minutes (600 s) to 60 minutes (3600 s).
• the reaction of step (I) can be conducted in the presence of an inert solvent reaction medium.
• suitable such solvents include, for example, water, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones, and mixtures thereof. Acetone, chloroform, and methylene chloride are most preferred as solvents.
• step (II) is usually conducted at a temperature of from 70°C to 350°C, preferably from 70°C to 200°C for a period of from 15 minutes (900 s) to 120 minutes (7200 s), preferably from 30 minutes (1800 s) to 75 minutes (4500 s).
• the reaction is preferably performed in the presence of a suitable co-oligomerization catalyst.
• the epoxy resins of the present invention can be used to prepare, castings, coatings, laminates, or encapsulations, and are especially suited for use in high temperature environments and where high mechanical strength is required.
• Cyanogen bromide (0.55 moles, 58.26 grams) was added to a reactor containing stirred acetone (175 milliliters) under a nitrogen atmosphere. The cyanogen bromide-acetone solution was cooled to -3°C, then Bisphenol A (1.00 mole, 228.30 grams) dissolved in chilled acetone (650 milliliters) was added to the reactor. The stirred solution was allowed to equilibrate
• an epoxy resin (10.79 grams) and 6.0 percent cobalt naphthenate (0.10 percent by weight, 0.24 gram) were thoroughly mixed and placed in a glass tray.
• the hydroxyaromatic co-oligomerization product containing triazine and oxazoline groups was recovered in quantitative yield as a transparent, light amber-colored, brittle solid at room temperature (25°C).
• Infrared spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated complete disappearance of the cyanate functionality, appearance of the triazine functionality, appearance of the oxazoline functionality and the presence of unreacted hydroxyl functionality.
• Portions of the hydroxyaromatic co-oligomer ⁇ ization product containing triazine and oxazoline groups were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography using polystyrene standards.
• the weight average molecular weight was 7937 and the polydispersity ratio is 4.24.
• the polydispersity ratio is defined as the ratio of the weight average to number average molecular weights.
• a portion of the hydroxyaromatic co-oligomeriz ⁇ ation product containing triazine and oxazoline groups (215.0 grams), epichlorohydrin (7.602 moles, 703.41 grams), isopropanol (35 percent by weight of epichloro ⁇ hydrin used, 378.76 grams), and water (8 percent by weight of epichlorohydrin used, 61.16 grams) were added to a reactor and stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at 50°C until a solution was formed. At that time, dropwise addition of a sodium hydroxide (2.74 moles, 109.47 grams) solution in water (437.88 grams) commenced and was completed over the next 45 minutes (2700 s).
• reaction temperature was allowed to increase to 60°C and was then held at this temperature. Fifteen minutes (900 s) after the addition of sodium hydroxide solution, a second solution of sodium hydroxide (1.22 mole 48.65 grams) in water (194.61 grams) was added dropwise to the reactor over the next 20 minutes (1200 s). Fifteen minutes (900 s) later, the reactor was cooled to 40°C, then an initial water wash (400 milliliters) was added to the reactor. The reactor contents were transferred to a separatory funnel containing additional epichloro ⁇ hydrin (200 milliliters).
• the water wash layer was separated and discarded while the organic layer was added back into the separatory funnel along with a second water wash (200 milliliters). The organic layer was separated then added back into the separatory funnel along with a third water wash (800 milliliters) and additional epichlorohydrin (200 milliliters).
• the recovered organic layer was stripped of solvents by rotary evaporation at 100°C for 30 minutes (1800 s) under vacuum.
• the epoxy resin was recovered (301.91 grams) as a transparent, light amber-colored liquid at room temperature (25°C). Infrared spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated substantially complete disappear- ance of hydroxyl functionality, appearance of epoxide functionality and presence of both triazine and oxazoline functionalities. Epoxide titration revealed the presence of 20.82 percent by weight epoxide.
• the reactor was maintained at -2 to 0°C for an additional 20 minutes (1200 s), followed by addition of the reaction product to chilled water (1 gallon, 3078 ml) with agitation. After 15 minutes (900 s), the water and product mixture was multiply extracted with methylene chloride. The combined methylene chloride extracts were sequentially washed with dilute hydrochloric acid (5 percent), water, hydrochloric acid, water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The dry methylene chloride extract was filtered and solvent . removed by rotary evaporation under vacuum. The diphenol cyanate mixture was recovered (229.7 grams) as a white- colored solid at room temperature (25°C).
• Infrared spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated the presence of the cyanate functionality as well as unreacted hydroxyl functionality.
• Liquid chromatographic analysis demonstrated the presence of 55.82 area percent Bisphenol A, 37.89 area percent Bisphenol A monocyanate, and 6.29 area percent Bisphenol A dicyanate.
• the diphenol cyanate mixture (229.7 grams) and 6.0 percent cobalt naphthenate (0.10 percent by weight, 0.23 gram) were thoroughly mixed and placed in a glass tray. The tray was then placed in a forced-air, convection-type oven and maintained for 1.25 hour at 177°C.
• the hydroxyaromatic oligomers containing triazine groups were recovered in quantitative yield as a trans- parent, brittle solid at room temperature (25°C).
• the oligomers had a greenish-colored cast due to the catalyst. At the 177°C temperature, the oligomers were still totally fluid.
• Infrared spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated complete disappearance of the cyanate functionality, appearance of the triazine functionality, and the presence of unreacted hydroxyl functionality.
• the recovered organic layer was stripped of solvents by rotary evaporation at 100°C for 30 minutes (1800 s) under vacuum.
• the epoxy resin was recovered (272.4 grams) as a transparent, light yellow-colored liquid at room temperature (25°C).
• Infrared spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated substantially complete disappearance of hydroxyl functionality, appearance of epoxide func ⁇ tionality and presence of triazine functionality.
• Epoxide titration revealed the presence of 21.55 percent by weight epoxide.
• Cyanogen bromide (0.55 moles, 58.26 grams) was added to a reactor, containing stirred acetone (175 milliliters) under a nitrogen atmosphere.
• the cyanogen bromide-acetone solution was cooled to -4°C, then Bisphenol A (1.00 mole, 228.30 grams) dissolved in chilled acetone (650 milliliters) was added to the reactor.
• the stirred solution was allowed to equilibrate at -4°C, then triethylamine (0.50 mole, 50.60 grams) was added to the reactor over a 25 minute (1500 s) period and so as to maintain the reaction temperature at -2 to -5°C.
• the reactor was maintained at -3 to -5°C for an additional 20 minutes (1200 s), followed by addition of the reaction product to chilled water (1 gallon, 13.78 1) with agitation. After 15 minutes (900 s), the water and product mixture was multiply extracted with methylene chloride (400 milliliters total). The combined

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• 1984
  • 1984-02-02 US US06/576,304 patent/US4487915A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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• 1985
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• 1987
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