WO1985001281A1 - Procede de fermentation anaerobie - Google Patents

Procede de fermentation anaerobie Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1985001281A1
WO1985001281A1 PCT/GB1984/000322 GB8400322W WO8501281A1 WO 1985001281 A1 WO1985001281 A1 WO 1985001281A1 GB 8400322 W GB8400322 W GB 8400322W WO 8501281 A1 WO8501281 A1 WO 8501281A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vessel
layer
liquid
packing material
substrate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1984/000322
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kevin Joseph Mckeown
Original Assignee
Biomass Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biomass Limited filed Critical Biomass Limited
Publication of WO1985001281A1 publication Critical patent/WO1985001281A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improvements in and relating to the anaerobic fermentation of liquid, generally aqueous, substrates.
  • the anaerobic fermentation of liquid substrates is a well-established process.
  • a process comprises feeding the liquid substrate, continuously or semi-continuously, to a closed fermentation vessel in which the substrate is subjected to anaerobic fermentation, often at moderately elevated temperatures, whereby a gaseous product, commonly methane, is produced.
  • solid material, unfermented material and/or fermentation residue settles to the bottom of the vessel as a sludge and excess fermented liquid substrate is removed from the fermentation vessel.
  • the fermentation may be carried out with the liquid in the vessel in a more or less quiescent condition or undisturbed conditions.
  • Oneproblem encountered in such a process is that particles of solid matter, possibly bearing the mi coorangisms responsible for the fermentation, may be upwardly entrained in the body of liquid in the vessel. especially by the flotation action of gas evolved during the course of fermentation.
  • particles of solid material may be de-entrained from the liquid by means of a liquid-pervious layer of packing material; that is a layer formed of randomly arranged (dumped) or regularly arranged pieces of fluid-fluid contact elements such as are used in fluid-fluid contact apparatus in the chemical engineering industry, for example in distillation columns, absorbtion columns, and humidifiers.
  • fluid-fluid contact elements may, for example, take the form of regularly arranged elements such as grids, tubes or sheets.
  • the fluid-fluid contact elements are discrete elements such as Raschig rings, Lessing rings.
  • the layer of packing material take the form of a randomly arranged (dumped) layer of the elements supported on a perforate support. It has been further found that the depth of the body of liquid below the packing material is suitably from 100 to 3000 mm; that is by employing depths of liquid below about 3000 mm the rate of fermentation per unit volume area of the fermentor is reduced whilst by employing depths above about 3000 ram, no useful increase in the rate of fermentation per unit volume is obtained, i.e. increasing the total volume of liquid in the fermentor below the layer of packing material over a certain amount does not lead to a concomitant increase in overall fermentation rate per unit volume.
  • a process for the anaerobic fermentation of a liquid substrate which comprises feeding the substrate to a fermentor comprising a closed vessel having a generally horizontal liquid-pervious layer of packing material extending across the body of the vessel so that the average height of the lower surface of the layer above the floor of the vessel is from 100 to 3000 mm, preferably from 200 to 1500 mm.
  • a fermentor for use in accordance with the invention comprises a closed vessel 1, for example of generally circular cross-section, having extending thereacross a generally horizontal liquid-pervious layer of packing material 2 supported on perforate support 3 above the floor, 4, of the vessel.
  • the floor 4 of vessel 1 is dished or conical in shape and is provided at its lower point with a valved discharge conduit 5 for removal of sludge.
  • the top. 6 of vessel 1 is of inverted conical shape and is provided, at its upper point, with a valved vent 7 for the discharge of gas from the fermenter.
  • perforated tube 8 mounted within vessel 1 is perforated tube 8 for the introduction of liquid into vessel 1 below the bottom surface of the layer of packing material 2 and connected to valved liquid feed conduit 9.
  • the means for feeding liquid into the vessel i.e. the perforate pipe 8
  • the means for feeding liquid into the vessel i.e. the perforate pipe 8
  • the means for feeding liquid into the vessel i.e. the perforate pipe 8
  • the perforate pipe 8 be provided with perforations or nozzles such that the feed liquid is introduced horizontally or downwardly into the body of liquid contained within the vessel.
  • a channel 10 is located in the periphery of vessel 1, above the top of the layer of packing material 2, and is connected to valve liquid discharge pipe 11. the inner lip of the channel serving as a weir.
  • the packed layer 2 is formed of dumped packing elements and suitably has a thickness or depth of from 50 to 1500 mm, preferably from 75 to 1000 mm
  • the substrate to be treated is fed, continuously or semicontinuously into vessel 1 via distributor tube 8 and is fermented in vessel 1 by flowing upwardly through vessel 1, particles of solid material entrained in the upward flowing body of material being dis-entrained by the action of packed layer 2.
  • gas evolved is taken off, generally as a continuous operation, through vent 7 and, at the same time, treated liquid flowing over weir 10 is removed (continuously or semi-continuously depending upon the mode of introduction of feed liquid to the vessel) via offtake pipe 12. Sludge accumulating in the bottom of the vessel is removed via pipe 5, generally on a semicontinuously or intermittent basis.
  • Fermentation operations in accordance with the invention may be carried out at moderately elevated temperature, e.g. 10 to 70°C, and to facilitate this the fermentor may be provided with internal or external heating means and further may be provided with an outer layer of thermal insulation.
  • moderately elevated temperature e.g. 10 to 70°C
  • the fermentation process of the invention may be used for the anaerobic fermenation of a wide variety of substrates for example effluents from citric acid production, effluents from paper and pulp production, effluents from molasses fermentation and effluents from the edible oil dairy, pharmaceutical, brewing and food industries.
  • the fermentation is carried out in a fermentor comprising a generally tubular vessel, suitably a cylindrical vessel, having its longitudinal axis generally horizontal and provided with a layer of liquid pervious packing intermediate the top and bottom of the vessel to divide the vessel into a lower, fermentation zone and an upper zone; means for introducing liquid to be fermented into the lower zone; means for removing gas and fermented liquid from the upper zone and, optionally, means for removing sludge from the lower zone.
  • a fermentor comprising a generally tubular vessel, suitably a cylindrical vessel, having its longitudinal axis generally horizontal and provided with a layer of liquid pervious packing intermediate the top and bottom of the vessel to divide the vessel into a lower, fermentation zone and an upper zone; means for introducing liquid to be fermented into the lower zone; means for removing gas and fermented liquid from the upper zone and, optionally, means for removing sludge from the lower zone.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

Un procédé de fermentation anaérobie d'un substrat liquide consiste à amener le substrat dans un appareil de fermentation comprenant une cuve fermée (1) ayant une couche généralement horizontale d'un matériau de garniture (2) perméable au liquide et s'étendant au travers du corps de la cuve de sorte que la hauteur moyenne de la surface inférieure de la couche au-dessus du plancher de la cuve soit comprise entre 100 et 3.000 mm, des moyens (8) d'introduction du substrat liquide dans la cuve sous la couche du matériau de garniture, des moyens (7) pour extraire le gaz de la partie supérieure de la cuve au-dessus de la couche de matériau de garniture, des moyens (10, 11) d'extraction du liquide traité hors de la cuve au-dessus de la couche de matériau de garniture et des moyens (5) pour extraire la boue du fond de la cuve; à faire fermenter le substrat liquide dans l'appareil de fermentation tout en extrayant le gaz et le liquide traité de l'appareil de fermentation.
PCT/GB1984/000322 1983-09-21 1984-09-21 Procede de fermentation anaerobie WO1985001281A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8325287 1983-09-21
GB8325287A GB2149390A (en) 1983-09-21 1983-09-21 Anaerobic fermentation process

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1985001281A1 true WO1985001281A1 (fr) 1985-03-28

Family

ID=10549096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1984/000322 WO1985001281A1 (fr) 1983-09-21 1984-09-21 Procede de fermentation anaerobie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0155960A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3431384A (fr)
GB (1) GB2149390A (fr)
WO (1) WO1985001281A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005593A1 (fr) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-24 Purac Aktiebolag Systeme pour la purification biologique de l'eau
US5290450A (en) * 1988-03-30 1994-03-01 Yoshio Kobayashi Anaerobic digestion process for sewage sludge
US5451319A (en) * 1988-03-30 1995-09-19 Kobayashi; Yoshio Anaerobic digestion process for sewage sludge

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0058247A1 (fr) * 1981-02-09 1982-08-25 GebràœDer Sulzer Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la purification anaérobie de liquides contenant des substances organiques
WO1983000323A1 (fr) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-03 Kevin Joseph Mckeown Fermentation anaerobie

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1499722A (en) * 1974-02-22 1978-02-01 Dravo Corp Gas removal from filters
GB1491502A (en) * 1975-05-22 1977-11-09 Biomech Ltd Anaerobic digestion of water-polluting waste material
DE2549415C2 (de) * 1975-11-04 1982-11-04 Preussag Ag, 3000 Hannover Und 1000 Berlin Verfahren zur Denitrifizierung von nitrathaltigem Wasser
JPS54108464A (en) * 1978-02-14 1979-08-25 Chiyoda Chem Eng & Constr Co Ltd Method of biologically treating drainage by downward flow
FI793914A (fi) * 1979-12-13 1981-06-14 Enso Gutzeit Oy Foerfarande foer att rena avloppsvatten vid svaevlagerreaktor
FR2498589B1 (fr) * 1981-01-28 1985-02-15 Sgn Soc Gen Tech Nouvelle Fermenteur anaerobie a garnissage
FI70695C (fi) * 1981-12-21 1986-10-06 Enso Gutzeit Oy Foerfarande foer rening av i synnerhet avfallsvatten som uppstaor i traefoeraedlingsindustrin

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0058247A1 (fr) * 1981-02-09 1982-08-25 GebràœDer Sulzer Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif pour la purification anaérobie de liquides contenant des substances organiques
WO1983000323A1 (fr) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-03 Kevin Joseph Mckeown Fermentation anaerobie

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1987005593A1 (fr) * 1986-03-19 1987-09-24 Purac Aktiebolag Systeme pour la purification biologique de l'eau
US5290450A (en) * 1988-03-30 1994-03-01 Yoshio Kobayashi Anaerobic digestion process for sewage sludge
US5451319A (en) * 1988-03-30 1995-09-19 Kobayashi; Yoshio Anaerobic digestion process for sewage sludge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8325287D0 (en) 1983-10-26
EP0155960A1 (fr) 1985-10-02
AU3431384A (en) 1985-04-11
GB2149390A (en) 1985-06-12

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