WO1985000415A1

WO1985000415A1 - Gearshifting device for gear-box

Info

Publication number: WO1985000415A1
Application number: PCT/EP1984/000083
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerold Bieber
Original assignee: Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date: 1983-07-06
Filing date: 1984-03-21
Publication date: 1985-01-31
Also published as: JPS60501769A; EP0180574A1; ZA844524B; IT8421786A1; IT1196184B; IT8421786A0

Abstract

Gearshifting device for gear-box with stop and return devices for the gate and gearshifting position of a gearshifting lever (2) of which the displacement according to the H or HH configuration are transmitted by the gearshifting member to the gear-box and wherein the search for the gates/or the ratios is effected by spring notches of different forces, this spring notches (3) being affected to different ratios in gates as a fonction of at least one running parameter of the vehicle and, in a convenient configuration, a ratio is offered to the driver only after selecting a performance or economical driving mode. This offer takes always place when the gearshifting lever (2) is brought to a neutral position (45) and requires, in order to shift, only the exceeding of a force threshold (4) acting in the gearshifting direction. If, from said offer, one has to shift to a higher or lower gear, the first selection forces (31) have to be overcome. As shift-downs are only admitted for a neighbouring ratio, exceptionally for an additional ratio, the up-speed shiftings are also effected in the higher ratios, after exceeding other force thresholds in the selection direction (32). The ratio offer for the driver is provided by means of a piston device (7) acting simply and operated by a pressure medium, in connection with a speed shifting shaft (6) and a stop slide (62).

Description

Switching device for a gear change transmission

This invention relates to a switching device for a gear change transmission according to the preamble of claim 1. In such a switching device, the alley is selected by adjusting the gear shift lever transversely to the direction of travel and the gear shift in the forward and reverse directions. Force thresholds, which have to be overcome in order to engage a gear, and which act simultaneously as long as a gear is not engaged - e.g. B. the synchronization has not yet ended - act as restoring forces and return the gearshift lever to the neutral position after the adjusting force has been lost.

Force thresholds, which have to be overcome when dialing and which at the same time act as restoring forces in predetermined lanes, also act in the direction of the lane selection - transverse to the direction of travel.

Such a switching device is e.g. B. from DE-GM 78 02 241 known. The force thresholds acting in the selection direction can be seen from FIG. 3, so that the optical alley and aisle detection is supported by a perceptible detection. On the basis of these locking positions, perfect orientation is made possible and the gearshift lever always strives back into one of the alleys of gears 3/4 or 5/6, provided that the gearshift lever is not in one of the gear end positions R or 1 to 8.

Switching devices of this type have proven themselves in practice with regard to finding the aisle.

With multi-speed transmissions, especially when the number of gears to be selected has been increased by a split group, it is not easy at all, even for the respective driving situation

OMPI choose the right gear. For this purpose, there is already a shift lever for a shift valve on the gearshift lever, with which, for example, an assistant. B. an upstream split group is switched and thus a selection can be made for a performance or an economically oriented driving style. But it remains with a z. B. 16-speed gearbox - 4 ratios in the basic gearbox and 2 each in the group and split gearbox - still 8 gears left, which must be shifted directly with the gearshift lever, so that the driver is very stressed by the necessary selection for the gearshifts and being distracted from what is happening on the street.

It is therefore the object of the invention to further develop a shifting device according to the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that in particular the gear selection is simplified and the driver's necessary attention for the shifting to be carried out is thus reduced. This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1.

While according to the prior art the driver himself has no help at all in the switchgear for the selection of the gears and the selection and resetting forces serve exclusively for better lane recognition, the driver is dependent on at least one driving parameter, e.g. B. the gearbox output speed, in the neutral position of the gearshift lever only a single lane is offered, in which he can engage a gear if he only applies adjusting forces in the shifting direction. Depending on the driving speed / transmission output speed, this can be any alley of the forward gears in a known shifting device according to an H or double H shift pattern.

While, as is known, such a lane is assigned 2 courses, e.g. For example, gear 3 in the direction of travel and gear 4 in the opposite direction, it is also possible to increase the number of lanes increase and provide half-lanes, which are seen in the axial direction between the known lanes and are alternately only assigned to one gear in the direction of travel or the direction of travel. This means that the driver is only offered one gear. The respective adjacent gears, both of which are in the opposite direction, can only be shifted, if necessary, by additionally overcoming a first selection force (claim 3). In the example shown, the downshifting possibility is thus exhausted and an over-revving of the engine is prevented when downshifting. Under certain conditions, it is of course also possible to design the shifting device in such a way that the shifting down over two gears becomes possible when the selection force is increased. The restoring forces in the selection direction always act when the gearshift lever is moved into the neutral position, back into the alley or half-alley, which results at this time according to the driving parameters. Further downshifts are only possible if - by influencing the driving speed - passive z. B. on the mountain or actively by taking back gas and braking - the driver is offered a correspondingly lower lane or half lane in the manner described.

Has the gear change transmission z. If, for example, there is also a split gear group, it is possible to double the number of forward gears by gears that lie between these normal gears. The changeover can take place via a shift lever controlling a shift valve on the gear shift lever. The offer to the driver is therefore always normal gears or corresponding intermediate gears, so that there is a performance or economically oriented driving style in the gait range (claims 6 and 7). In claims 8 to 16, the basic solutions of claims 1 to 7 are structurally particularly advantageous, so that in addition to the simplification for the driver when switching a multi-speed transmission, there is also a relatively simple constructive solution.

OMPI Is this switching device - switching console - housed in the cab and z. B. the shift shaft designed as a transmitter shaft, a relatively simple pressure transmission gear device is possible.

Further. Details of the invention are explained using an exemplary embodiment and with reference to drawings, the details of the drawing being the subject of the invention.

Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a shift console in the cab in the view transverse to the direction of travel with the shift positions of the gear shift lever

Fig. 2 is a shift console in the cab in the view in the direction of travel with the selected positions of the gear shift lever

Fig. 3 is a switching console in the cab in plan view

Fig. 3A sleeve with blocking backdrop

Fig. 4 is a control scheme for the switching console

5 shows a table relating to switched switching valves and the gears offered

Fig. 6 switching console according to Fig. 1, but in partial section

Fig. 7 switching console according to Fig. 2 in partial section

Fig. 8 switching console according to Fig. 3 in section Fig. 9 circuit diagram with blocking backdrop and representation of the force thresholds in the switching and selection direction

Fig. 10 speed plan.

In Fig. 1, the switching console 1, the z. B, a motor vehicle is arranged, shown transversely to the direction of travel 13. The gearshift lever 2 is shown in the neutral position and the shifting positions 41, 43 and end positions 42, 44 in both shifting directions of the gears 1, 3, 5 .. and gears R, 2, 4 .. are indicated. 21 is the shift lever for the GV valve of the upstream split group for switching from the performance-oriented to the consumption-oriented driving style. 7 is the piston device, 6 the selector shaft, 11 an electronic component which controls the selector valves 8A, 8B, 8C (FIG. 4) as a function of the speed.

2, the shift console 1 is drawn in the direction of travel and the selector positions 33 of the gear shift lever 2 are indicated, the latter itself being in the position of the alley 1/2.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of Fig. 1, the gearshift lever 2 also in the neutral position in the alley of gear 1. With 42 are the end positions of gears 1, 3, 5 .. and with 44 those of gears R, 2, 4 .. indicated. The position of the trailing pin 78 and the locking link 62 is also indicated, this being arranged in the sleeve 64, as shown in FIG. 3A. The blocking link 62 is measured in the middle 62C - neutral position - in such a way that the trailing pin 78, viewed in the axial direction, can assume two positions, the distance between which is half as large as an aisle distance according to the H or HH circuit diagram. The two halves or half lanes 62A, 62B of the blocking link 62 are assigned to these two positions, so that there is a widened and kinked shape of the blocking link in the middle 62C.

OMPI

¹ 4 shows the control diagram for the switching console 1. with the piston device 7 and the indicated axial displacements by half an aisle (one gear), so that a position of the drag pin 78 is assigned to each forward gear. The piston device 7 is constructed with 3 pistons 71, 72, 73 and 3 piston chambers 74, 75, 76 in such a way that the throttle positions of the selector shaft 6 are achieved via the trailing pin 78. As a result of the two possible positions of the trailing pin 78 in the middle 62C of the blocking link 62, the selector shaft 6 is displaced in the axial direction only in the known lanes according to the H or HH circuit diagram (e.g. 1/2, 3 / 4 etc.). Switching valves 8A, 8B, 8C, which fill or vent these, are assigned to the piston chambers. 81 is a pressure medium source, and the switching valves, for. B. depending on the speed, of an electronic component 11. The pistons 71, 72, 73 are reset via a restoring spring 77 which is supported on the console housing 12. Between the drag bolts 78 fastened in the piston 73 and the selector shaft 6, a spring device 61 is also arranged.

The switching valves 8A, 8B, 8C, which are each set for filling, can be seen from the table in FIG. 5, which lead to the adjustment of the drag pin 78 into the half alleys of the gears 1 to 8.

FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show one of the possible constructive configurations of a shift console 1. The gear shift lever 2 can be swiveled around the center of the shift shaft 6 into the shift position 41, 43 and into the end positions 42 and 44 of the gears and thus rotates the shift shaft 6 from the drawn neutral position by the same angle (FIG. 6). The selection of the alleys takes place via the rotation around the center of a ball guide 22 which is attached to the gearshift lever 2 and cooperates with a guide 14 of the housing 12 of the switching console 1. When the gearshift lever 2 is actuated transversely to the direction of travel 13 into the selected positions of the alleys - whereby, as is known, this is only possible in the neutral position - the selector shaft 6 is shifted in the opposite direction via a fork joint (fork bolt 63, fork 25, bolt 26). As is known in the case of an H or double H shift, each alley is associated with a deflection of the gear shift lever 2 into a select position 33 (FIG. 7; FIG. 2).

On the gearshift lever ^' 2 is a shift lever 21 for reversing the transmission from z. B. a performance-oriented design of the gear step ng arranged on an economically-oriented, with a not shown shift cylinder z. B. a series group (split group) is switched. The lines 27 for this shift lever 21 lead through the gear shift lever 2 via the .z. B. hollow clevis pin 63 and through an opening 15 in the shift shaft 6 at the bottom out of the shift console 1. On the selector shaft 6 there is also a sleeve 64 which is fixed against rotation, but can be shifted by half an aisle (equal to one gear) in each direction, the central position being adjusted via a spring device 61 without load. A blocking link 62 (FIGS. 3, 3A) is also arranged in the sleeve 64, in which the trailing pin 78, which is firmly connected to the piston 73, engages. This blocking link 62 is shaped in such a way that one gear can be adjusted from the neutral position only under the effect of the shifting force into the switching position of either the gears 1, 3, .5 .. or the gears R, 2, 4 .. and that after overcoming the Federein¬ device 61 in the direction of selection, the two adjacent gears and upshifts after overcoming the return spring 75 and other gears can be switched.

Downshifts beyond one gear are not possible because both the sleeve 64 is hard on an end stop 65 on the shift shaft 6 and the pistons 71, 72, 73 are connected

7 OMPI with a possible filling of the piston chambers 74, 75, 76, a movement of the selector shaft 6 in this direction as a result of the connection. fertilizer via the trailing pin 78 is prevented.

The strokes 79A, B and C assigned to the pistons 71, 72, 73 are ^' limited when filling via stops 790 and are dimensioned such that the largest stroke is 4x and the middle one is twice the smallest stroke (binary coded).

The alleys in the circuit diagram (double H circuit diagram 9) (in FIG. 9) are not, as is known, the force threshold detent pressure actuating forces (DE-GM 78 92 241, FIG. 3) directly assigned, so that the driver individual lanes of the entire circuit diagram, but these forces are bound to the respective position of the blocking link 62 and shift in the circuit diagram in the same way that the blocking link 62 also moves axially. The locking gate is cranked in the neutral position and covers 2 half alleys so that one of the half 62A is congruent with the half alley z. B. from the neutral position to the 3rd gear, while the second half-aisle 62B extends from the neutral position to the end-of-gear position of the 4th gear, but is offset by half an aisle and thus between the 4th and the 4th gear 2nd gear lies. The locking and restoring forces 91, 92 are also assigned to these two halves 62A, 62B of the locking link 62, so that, for. B. in the illustrated position of the blocking link 62 for engaging the 3rd gear, no dialing forces, that is to say in the axial direction, have to be applied.

As is generally known, only when the gear shift lever 2 is adjusted from the neutral position into a shift position 41, 43 and after z. B. the achievement of synchronism in the end position 42, 44 to apply the switching force to overcome the force threshold 4 and the synchronizing force. However, should z. B. in this position of the blocking link 62 of the 4th gear or the 2nd gear, there are still those acting in both directions first force thresholds 31 to overcome by dialing forces. The blocking link 62 is shifted by a half-way in both circuits, which is made possible by the spring 61 between the sleeve 64 and the switching shaft 6 (FIG. 8). While additional force thresholds 32 are to be overcome by appropriate selection forces during the intended and also permitted upshifting, a further downshift from the position of this blocking link 62 is prevented because the return spring 77 can be overpressed during upshifting, while in the downshift direction the movement of the sleeve 64 and also the selector shaft 6 is blocked with the piston device. The axial displacement of the blocking link 62 takes place via the speed-dependent filling of the piston spaces 74 to 76 in accordance with the table in FIG. 5 by the switching valves -8A to 8C, which receive their switching commands from an electronic module 11 (FIG. 4).

In the position of FIG. 9, the 3rd gear is recommended to the driver for shifting, although he does not have to recognize this at all, because he only has to feel in which direction - in the direction of travel or in the opposite direction of travel - the lowest shift resistance is present is. Normally, the driver does not choose one of 8 gears, but only 2 gears. In addition, as already described, he has the option of choosing the two adjacent gears 2 and 4 by applying greater forces. With the shift lever 21, the driver can additionally shift the transmission in a known manner, so that he still has the choice between an economical or performance-oriented driving style. As can be seen from the simplified route diagram of FIG. 10, the shift points are shifted towards higher engine speeds in the case of a performance-oriented driving style compared to an economically informed driving style. - ^• 7 (3 -

reference numeral

1 switching console 61 spring device

11 Electronic module 62 blocking gate

12 housing 62A one half of the locking gate

13 Direction 62B other half of the locking gate

14 Guide 62C middle of the gate

15 floor - neutral position -

2-speed gear lever 63 fork bolts

21 shift levers for 64 sleeves

GV switching valve 65 stop

22 Ball guide 7 piston device

25 fork 71 pistons

26 bolts 72 pistons

27 lines 73 pistons

3 force threshold in select 74 piston direction (spring lock) 75 piston chambers

31 first force threshold in 76 piston chambers

Selection direction 77 return spring

32 additional force thresholds in 78 drag pins

Direction of selection 79A strokes

33 selector positions 79B strokes

4 force threshold in switching 79C stroke direction 790 stops

41 Switch position of the 8A switching valve

Gears 1, 3, 5 8B switching valve

42 End position of the 8C switching valve

Gears 1, 3, 5 81 pressure medium source

43 Switch position of the 9 circuit diagram

Gears R, 2, 4 91 click-select reset forces

44 End position of the 92 click-select reset forces

Gears R, 2, 4 SL performance-oriented

5 Positive locking SO switching points economical

6 selector shaft oriented

Claims

IT requirements

1. Switching device for a gear change transmission with locking and resetting devices ^' for the shift and Gassenstel¬ position of a gearshift lever, the movement of which is transmitted according to the H or HH circuit diagram via switching means to the gear change transmission and in which the finding of the alleys and / or Gears are made by spring thresholds or detents of different strengths, characterized in that the spring detent (3) is assigned to different gears or lanes as a function of at least one driving parameter of the vehicle (FIG. 9).

2. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t that to. Engaging the respective optimal gear from the neutral position, only the shifting force to overcome the force threshold in shifting direction (4) has to be overcome (FIG. 9).

3. Switching device according to claim 2, characterized ge ¬ indicates that from the optimal gear (gear 3 Fig. 9) after overcoming a first force threshold in the direction of selection (31) and the force threshold in the switching direction (4) only the respective adjacent gears ( Gear 4 and 2 Fig. 9) are switchable.

4. Switching device according to claim 3, characterized g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t that in the event of intended downshifts from the optimal gear to more than one gear, this is prevented by a positive lock (5).

5. Switching device according to claim 3, characterized g e ¬ k e n n z e i c h n e t that with intended upshifts from the optimal gear over more than. one course further cfiEXc

OMPI 2

force thresholds assigned to the gears act in the selection direction (32) and must be overcome.

6. Switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that the optimal gear is both power (SL) and consumption-oriented (SO), e.g. B. speed-dependent, is fixed (Fig. 10).

7. Switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that the switchover between a performance and a consumption-oriented range takes place via a shift lever (21) on the gear shift lever (2).

8. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized g ek ennzelehnet that the force threshold acting in the neutral position of the gear shift lever (2) in the selection direction (3) via a with the gear shift lever (2) connected switching shaft (6) and one with this interacting binary coded piston device (7) is generated, the piston chambers (74, 75, 76) are filled or vented with pressure medium via a simple switching valve (8A, 8B, 8C).

9. Switching device according to claim 8, characterized ge ¬ indicates that the piston device (7) is connected via a trailing pin (78) to the switching shaft (6) and the interacting pistons (71 to 73) and piston chambers (74 to 76) so dimensioned are and the piston spaces are filled so that there is an axial adjustment of the trailing pin (78) by half a gate position - one gear - and the shift shaft (b) by a full gate position.

10. Switching device according to claim 9, characterized ge ¬ indicates that in the piston device (7) a return spring (77) is arranged, the one or when venting ^ 3

several piston chambers (74 to 76) the return of the pistons (71 to 73) and via the trailing pin (78) of the selector shaft (6) .. and that when all piston chambers (74 to 76) are vented, these in the position of 1st Ganges stands.

11. Switching device according to claim 10, characterized in that ¬ indicates that the trailing pin (78) via a tied spring device (61) with the selector shaft (6) is connected to a downshift only by one gear and an upshift in connection with the shackle spring device (61) by one gear and overcoming the return spring (77) with increasing spring pressure also by several gears from the position of the optimal gear.

12. Switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that the switching valves (8A to 8C) from an electrical / electronic switching device (electronic module 11), for. B. depending on the speed of the vehicle.

13. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Kolbenein¬ device (7) with the switching valves (8A to 8C) and an electronic module (11). and the control shaft (6) accommodated in a control console (1) in the cab of the vehicle and that the control shaft (6) (2) ver¬ connected is directly connected to the gear shift lever and ^its' center as a fulcrum for the Verstel¬ lung from the neutral serves in the gear position, the transmission of the select position via a U steering of the gear shift lever (2) mounted in the console housing (12) acts, so that the shift shaft (6) is shifted in the opposite direction relative to the gear shift lever actuated by the driver.

14. Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching console (1) acts as a transmitter for a gear transmission device actuated by pressure medium.