WO1983001836A1 - Procede de mesure non destructive de la resistance a la fatigue dans des materiaux ferromagnetiques - Google Patents

Procede de mesure non destructive de la resistance a la fatigue dans des materiaux ferromagnetiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1983001836A1
WO1983001836A1 PCT/FI1981/000086 FI8100086W WO8301836A1 WO 1983001836 A1 WO1983001836 A1 WO 1983001836A1 FI 8100086 W FI8100086 W FI 8100086W WO 8301836 A1 WO8301836 A1 WO 8301836A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
test piece
loading
fatigue
mechanical
barkhausen noise
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1981/000086
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pekka Ruuskanen
Pentti Kettunen
Original Assignee
Pekka Ruuskanen
Pentti Kettunen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FI813161A priority Critical patent/FI813161L/fi
Priority claimed from FI801615A external-priority patent/FI60934C/fi
Priority to CA000390202A priority patent/CA1185659A/fr
Application filed by Pekka Ruuskanen, Pentti Kettunen filed Critical Pekka Ruuskanen
Priority to PCT/FI1981/000086 priority patent/WO1983001836A1/fr
Priority to GB08318424A priority patent/GB2120385B/en
Priority to DE813153050T priority patent/DE3153050T1/de
Priority to US06/516,601 priority patent/US4689558A/en
Priority to JP82500045A priority patent/JPS58501966A/ja
Publication of WO1983001836A1 publication Critical patent/WO1983001836A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
    • G01N27/725—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables by using magneto-acoustical effects or the Barkhausen effect

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a measuring method used in the determination of the fatigue strength of ferromagnetic materials.
  • Fatigue strength is presented by means of the so-called S-N curve which is experimentally determined by straining the test samples at different strain or stress amplitudes till the final fatigue fracture.
  • One of the most important detail of the S-N curve is the endurance or fatigue limit, i.e. the limiting strain or stress amplitude under which the applied amplitudes are no longer capable of causing fatigue fracture or destruction of the samples. From this point of view of practical applications, the endurance- or fatigue limit is also the most important value of the fatigue strength. Determination of this limit in the above mentioned destructive method requires a period of 5 to
  • the present non-destructive method of measuring the endurance or fatigue limit applies the so-called mechanical Barkhausen noise phenomenon.
  • the mechanical Barkhausen noise formation is related to the irreversible changes in the magnetic state of the material (with the discontinuous movements of the domain walls under the influence of mechanical loading of the sample in a stable magnetic field or in a demagnetised state).
  • the method according to the present invention is characterized, in the attached patent claims.
  • the method of the present invention offers the notable advantage * that the endurance or fatigue limit can, in practice, be determined very quickly, e.g., in a period of 15 minutes. Therefore, the method of the present invention can in practice be applied to determine immediately whether the dynamic loading of a machine part is too large or not.
  • the sample under loading or straining b. sensor into which the mechanical Barkhausen phenomenon induces electromotoric force (voltage) pulses or sig ⁇ nals; the sensor can be located away from the surface of the sample c. amplifier d. discriminator by which the wanted pulses are selected from the amplified noise signals for analyzing e. the measurement of size distribution, effective value, average of mean value, of frequency f. output (print out or recording).
  • Fig. 1 represents by horizontal lines, and additionally by the letter g, the magnetization device by which the specimen or test piece can be magnetized with a stable magnetic field, the direction of which can be changed.
  • the letter h shows additionally the direct current source associated with the magneti.zation device.
  • the magnetizat ⁇ ion device g and the direct current source h are used in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Stage 1 By means of an external loading a lattice defect arrangement is created in the test piece, which ment dominates the irreversible magnetization changes inside the test piece.
  • the mechanical load ⁇ ing amplitude F is increased, either continuously as shown in Fig. 2 a or in steps, in which case each step is of the order of several amplitudes.
  • Lattice defects in this connection, mean, e.g., dislocations, by means of which the plastic deformation of the material, and hence also the fatigue, occurs.
  • the effective value RMS of the mechanical Barkhausen noise pulses increases in correlation with the loading amplitude as shown in Fig. 2 b.
  • Stage 2i The loading amplitude F is decreased to zero.
  • Stage 3 The loading amplitude F is increased again as shown in Fig. 2 c. If the first increase of the loading amplitude F is carried to a sufficiently high value, the effective value RMS of the induced mechanical Bark ⁇ hausen noise pulses goes through a maximum at a certain value of the loading amplitude F, as shown in Fig. 2 d. This value of the loading amplitude is found to correspond very accurately to the endurance limit (or fatigue limit) of the original non-fatigued material.
  • the magnetization device g associated with the second embodiment of the method the test material can be magnetized with a stable magnetic field during measurement. Then the magnitude of the induced noise pulses increases and the changes at the endurance limit (fatigue limit) appear, more clearly.
  • the magnetic state of the structure can additionally be influenced so that it becomes most effective in correlation to the direct- ion of the acting load.
  • the direction of the magnetic field must be parallel with that of the loading. It is also observed that:the largest pulses of the machanical Barkhausen noise are most sensitive against changes due to dislocations. When the largest pulses are selected for analysis by the dis ⁇ criminator d, the accuracy of the measured results in ⁇ creases.
  • stages 1 and 2 of the first application mode can be left out. That is to say that by increasing the loading amplitude according to Fig. 2 c the maximum point of Fig. 2 d can be revealed, which very accurately corresponds to the endurance limit (fatigue limit) of the original non-fatigued material.
  • the method can be applied by using a generally known - apparatus.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé permettant d'utiliser le phénomène mécanique du bruit de Barkhausen, provoqué dans les matériaux ferromagnétiques par le mouvement de dislocation et le chargement mécanique extérieur variable, en tant que procédé de mesure non destructive, notamment pour la détermination de la résistance à la fatigue du matériau. Le procédé présente deux modes de réalisation dont le premier possède les étapes suivantes: la pièce à tester (a) est chargée à l'extérieur (étape numéro 1), par exemple par un procédé cyclique ou autre, son amplitude augmente continûment (Fig. 2a), de manière à créer dans la pièce à tester une configuration dominante de défauts de treillis du point de vue des variations irréversibles de magnétisation. On mesure simultanément (b-f) les variations de valeur effective, la fréquence, la distribution selon la taille ou la valeur moyenne des impulsions mécaniques de bruit de Barkhausen induites pendant la fatigue du matériau ferromagnétique. Le chargement extérieur est ensuite enlevé (étape 2). La pièce à tester (a) est alors chargée à l'extérieur (étape 3), par exemple au moyen d'un chargement cyclique dont l'amplitude augmente continûment (Fig. 2a), et l'on mesure simultanément la valeur maximum qui apparaît comme valeur effective, la fréquence, la distribution selon la taille ou la valeur moyenne des impulsions mécaniques de bruit de Barkhausen induites pendant la fatigue du matériau ferromagnétique. L'amplitude de chargement correspondant à la valeur maximum mesurée correspond également à la limite de résistance (limite de fatigue) de la pièce à tester (Fig. 2b). Dans le deuxième mode de réalisation, la pièce à tester est magnétisée au moyen d'un champ magnétique stable (g, h), ce qui permet de se passer des étapes 1 et 2 du premier mode d'application, et la mesure du point maximum correspondant à la limite de résistance (limite de fatigue) de la pièce à tester est exécutée selon l'étape 3 du premier mode d'application.
PCT/FI1981/000086 1980-05-20 1981-11-18 Procede de mesure non destructive de la resistance a la fatigue dans des materiaux ferromagnetiques WO1983001836A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI813161A FI813161L (fi) 1981-11-18 Saett att definiera utmattningshaollfasthet hos ferromagnetiskt material utan att bryta materialet
CA000390202A CA1185659A (fr) 1981-11-18 1981-11-17 Methode de controle non destructif de la resistance a la fatigue des materiaux ferromagnetiques
PCT/FI1981/000086 WO1983001836A1 (fr) 1980-05-20 1981-11-18 Procede de mesure non destructive de la resistance a la fatigue dans des materiaux ferromagnetiques
GB08318424A GB2120385B (en) 1981-11-18 1981-11-18 Method for measuring fatigue strength of ferromagnetic materials non-destructively
DE813153050T DE3153050T1 (de) 1981-11-18 1981-11-18 Verfahren zum zerstoerungsfreien messen der dauerfestigkeit von ferromagnetischen werkstoffen
US06/516,601 US4689558A (en) 1981-11-18 1981-11-18 Non-destructive method of measuring the fatigue limit of ferromagnetic materials by use of the mechanical Barkhauser phenomenon
JP82500045A JPS58501966A (ja) 1981-11-18 1981-11-18 強磁性体の疲労強度を非破壊的に測定する方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI801615A FI60934C (fi) 1980-05-20 1980-05-20 Saett att definiera utmattningshaollfasthet hos ferromagnetiskt material utan att bryta materialet
PCT/FI1981/000086 WO1983001836A1 (fr) 1980-05-20 1981-11-18 Procede de mesure non destructive de la resistance a la fatigue dans des materiaux ferromagnetiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1983001836A1 true WO1983001836A1 (fr) 1983-05-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1981/000086 WO1983001836A1 (fr) 1980-05-20 1981-11-18 Procede de mesure non destructive de la resistance a la fatigue dans des materiaux ferromagnetiques

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1983001836A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985003577A1 (fr) * 1984-02-07 1985-08-15 Wolfgang Stengel Essai non destrucif de materiaux pour substances ferromagnetiques
EP0531042A2 (fr) * 1991-09-04 1993-03-10 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Système et méthode pour l'évaluation des caractéristiques de la surface d'un matériau magnétique
DE4343225A1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1994-07-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung
WO2008080395A2 (fr) * 2007-01-03 2008-07-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procédé pour déterminer la durée de vie résiduelle et/ou l'état de fatigue de pièces
CN112393987A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-02-23 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 一种脉冲磁场处理对传动齿轮疲劳性能影响的分析方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3427872A (en) * 1966-10-05 1969-02-18 Southwest Res Inst Method and system for investigating the stress condition of magnetic materials
DE2837733A1 (de) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-27 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur zerstoerungsfreien feststellung von werkstoffzustaenden unter ausnutzung des barkhausen-effektes

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3427872A (en) * 1966-10-05 1969-02-18 Southwest Res Inst Method and system for investigating the stress condition of magnetic materials
DE2837733A1 (de) * 1978-08-30 1980-03-27 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur zerstoerungsfreien feststellung von werkstoffzustaenden unter ausnutzung des barkhausen-effektes

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Chemical Abstracts, Vol. 84, (1976), abstract No. 63 440; & GOV.REP.ANNOUNCE.INDEX (U.S.) 1975, 75(20), 103 *
Chemical Abstracts, Vol. 91, (1979), abstract No. 214 880; & SCAND J METALL 1979, 8(3), 112-14 *
Chemical Abstracts, Vol. 94, (1981), abstract No. 34 519; & NDT INT. 1979, 12(2), 51-5 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985003577A1 (fr) * 1984-02-07 1985-08-15 Wolfgang Stengel Essai non destrucif de materiaux pour substances ferromagnetiques
EP0531042A2 (fr) * 1991-09-04 1993-03-10 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Système et méthode pour l'évaluation des caractéristiques de la surface d'un matériau magnétique
EP0531042A3 (fr) * 1991-09-04 1994-03-23 Univ Iowa State Res Found Inc
DE4343225A1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1994-07-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur zerstörungsfreien Werkstoffprüfung
WO2008080395A2 (fr) * 2007-01-03 2008-07-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procédé pour déterminer la durée de vie résiduelle et/ou l'état de fatigue de pièces
WO2008080395A3 (fr) * 2007-01-03 2008-09-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Procédé pour déterminer la durée de vie résiduelle et/ou l'état de fatigue de pièces
CN112393987A (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-02-23 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 一种脉冲磁场处理对传动齿轮疲劳性能影响的分析方法

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