Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
  • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
  • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
  • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D19/00—Details
  • F24D19/02—Arrangement of mountings or supports for radiators
  • F24D19/04—Arrangement of mountings or supports for radiators in skirtings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with air flow channels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
  • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
  • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
  • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a space heater of convector type, i.e. a space heater wherein the heating to the major part takes place by convection, this in contrast to traditional radiation heaters, wherein the heating mainly takes place by radiation.
• Convection heaters have many advantages compared to radiation heaters, and various types of convection heaters have been developed. However, these known convection heaters have several drawbacks, and the invention aims at eliminating or reducing the drawbacks of known convection heaters.
• the known convection heaters which are closest to the invention, are based on a so-called disc package essentially consisting of a number of tubes, wherein the heating water flows, and a series of adjacent discs which are attached to the tubes in heat transfering contact with the same and form vertical convection channels between adjacent discs.
• the very disc package serves as the cover of the convector. Therefore, the disc package has to be optimized with regard to mechanical strength.
• drawbacks of this construction can be mentioned that it is expensive per unit of power and complex to produce, not the least since one has to avoid, to the greatest possible extent, heat distortion of the disc package, which as mentioned forms the very "cover” and accordingly should have an aesthetically attractive appearance.
• the invention aims at providing a convection heater which does not have these drawbacks and which also offers several other advantages.
• a special object of the invention is to provide a convection heater having high heating effect per unit of volume, resulting in a small overall size, which generally is desirable. This property is especially interesting since the development in the heating technology is towards increased use of low temperature systems (surface ground heat, solar heat, etc.), and the invention makes it possible to maintain a small size of the convection heater even at a low temperature of the heating medium.
• Another object of the invention is to obtain the greatest possible effect of a given amount of material for the disc system which - in combination with manufacturing simplicity - makes the product less expensive and of lighter weight.
• the invention aims at providing a convection heater
• a further, and related, object is to provide a convection heater which is built up from a small number of multifunctional parts, which e.g. can be turned so that the same disc package can be used for right hand and left hand mounting in one and the same cover, make it possible to mount both a single and a double disc package in one and the same cover, provide for convenient exchange of the cover and the disc package when damaged, etc., which - in addition to the simplicity of mounting - offers advantages as to stock-keeping.
• the invention aims at providing a convection heater , which because of its low heat contents (a small amount of material, a small volume of circulating water) is energy saving and permits rapid and adaptive temperature control, this in contrast to closed systems having high heat contents.
• the invention thus aims at providing an overall solution of the problem of providing a convection heater which is cheap, efficient and simple from many aspects.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a convection heater according to the invention arranged for wall-mounting
• Figure 2 is schematic view in longitudinal section of the convection heater of Fig. I (with the midportion left out),
• Figure 3 is a schematic bottom view of a wall-mounted convection heater according to the invention
• Figure is a perspective view of two adjacent discs for the convection heater according to the invention
• Figure 5 is a perspective view showing two convection heaters according to the invention interconnected for floor-mounting, and
• Figure 6 is a bottom view of an alternative embodiment of the convection heater according to the invention, provided with double disc packages.
• the convection heater according to the invention shown in Figures 1 to 3 comprises a convector cover 1 in which there is a disc package 2 comprising a plurality of adjacent convector discs 2a, 2b 2n.
• the specific design of the discs will be explained further below in connection with Fig. *f.
• the disc package 2 is carried by a tube system 3 for circulation of the hot water forming the heat source.
• the tube system 3 comprises two substantially parallel tube parts 3a and 3b extending through the disc package 2 in close contact therewith.
• the tubes 3a and 3b are series connected by means of a coupling part -h, and they open into two couplings 5a and 5b respectively for connection to conventional feed water conduits.
• a thermostate is inserted into the tube system, in a manner which is per se conventional, for adjusting the flow in the system in relation to the adjustment of a thermostate setting knob 7.
• a screw receiving piece 8 for simple attachment thereof to the cover 1 by means of a screw 9.
• the tube system 3 is further in per se conventional manner provided with a de-airator 10, which in the illustrated embodiment is interconnected between the tube part 3a and the coupling 5a, i.e. at the opposite end compared to the thermostate 6, 7.
• the de-airator 10 has a valve body 11 passing through a corresponding opening in the cover 1.
• the valve body 11 serves as a second suspension point for the tube system 3 (with the attached disc package 2) in the cover 1. Because the valve body 11 can slide freely in the longitudinal direction in a corresponding opening in the cover, no thermal stress is transferred from the tube system 3/the disc package 2 to the cover 1, which otherwise would suffer the risk of being distorted.
• the mobile suspension of the tubes/disc package does not have to be by means of the de-airator valve body 11 - although this has proven to be especially advantageous - but one can as an alternative make use of any separate suspension body on the tube system, which can move freely in the longitudinal direction in a corresponding opening in the cover.
• the tube system is, in the shown embodiment, close to the connection end 5a provided with a guide tongue 12 projecting in the longitudinal direction of the convector and being arranged in a corresponding slot 13 in the cover 1.
• the guide tongue 12 is arranged to move freely in the slot 13 in order not to transfer thermal stress to the cover.
• the cover 1, which forms part of the convection heater according to the invention, is formed as an integral unit and thus does not require mounting of separate parts, as is the case in some known convection heaters.
• the cover 1 essentially consists of a front plate la, two side plates lb and lc respectively, a top grid Id having a large opening area for discharging heated air, and inwardly folded edge portions le at the bottom side.
• the disc package 2 (and the tube system 3) in this manner become substantially invisible from the outside. This means i.a. that the disc package 2 does not have to be designed and dimensioned with regard to visual aspects, but can be designed in a manner maximizing the heating aspects.
• the tube system 3/the disc package 2 can be mounted in a reversed position in one and the same convector cover 1.
• the side plate lb is not only provided with holes for receiving the thermostate 6, 7 and the attachment screw 9, but also with a hole for receiving the suspension valve body 11 (or any alternative separate suspension body), suitably covered by a discreet cover plate ⁇ *%.
• the side plate lc is provided with holes for receiving the thermostate 6, 7 and the screw 9, which holes are suitably covered with corresponding discreet cover plates 15 and 16 respectively.
• the bottom edge le at the side plate lb is provided with a slot 13a (corresponding to the slot 13) for receiving the guide tongue 12 when reversing the tube system 3/disc package 2.
• these through-holes do not have to be made in advance, but they can be provided in connection the with mounting, the need for cover plates then being eliminated.
• the cover 1 is finally provided with wall brackets 17 which preferably have a special design for facilitating the mounting of the convection heater.
• the brackets 7 have the form of profile lists, in which holes for screws or analogous fastening means 18 are provided.
• the screw holes in the attachment lists 17 * are inclined inwards, so that the screws etc. are easily accessible for attachment to a wall V without being hindered by the cover 1, in spite of the fact that the attachment lists 17 are essentially inside the plane of the side plates lb and lc respectively (see Fig. 3). In this manner there is obtained a very simple and rapid mounting of the convector, while at the same time the attachment lists 17 to a great extent are concealed behind the convector.
• the inclined nailing also means that the fastening becomes very stable, and there is no need for any mid-support.
• the convection heater according to the invention can be connected to a single-tube feed water system (i.e. the couplings 5a and 5b are connected to one and the same water feed tube) as well as to a double-tube feed water system (i.e. the couplings 5a and 5b are connected to one feed tube each).
• the most essential dif erence between these two types of eed water systems is that, in the former case, a comparatively great part of the supplied hot water has to by-pass the tube system 3.
• the convection heater according to the invention is preferably provided with a by-pass conduit 19 at the couplings 5a and 5b.
• the conduit 19 is provided with a valve which can easily be adjusted from the exterior by means of a set screw 20.
• a valve which can easily be adjusted from the exterior by means of a set screw 20.
• An essential part of the convection heater according to the invention is the design of the discs and the disc package 2, and this aspect will be explained further in connection with Fig. " .
• This Figure shows two adjacent convector discs 2a and 2b.
• Each disc substantially consists of a thin metal plate of e.g.
• the discs 2a, 2b, etc. are thin and have comparatively large surface areas, and that adjacent discs between themselves form a channel 28, which is closed at the sides and through which the air to be heated passes by self-draft ("chimney effect").
• the discs have a thickness in the range of about 0.2 to 0.35 mm, which has proven to give optimal saving of material and a good efficiency.
• the convection channels 28 are formed in that the abutment edge 25 of one disc abuts a second abutment edge 29 of an adjacent disc.
• the corrugations or folds 21 and 22 extend in the longitudinal direction of the channel 28.
• the graduation d i.e. the distance between two adjacent discs.
• the graduation optimum i.a. depends on the disc width b, the disc height h and the design of the grooves 21, 22.
• the graduation d should preferably be 10-30% of the disc width b and preferably 3-12% of the height h in the shown embodiment comprising two grooves.
• Especially advantageous values of the discs is a graduation d of about 10 mm for disc width of about 50 mm.
• the optimal height h is then about 200 mm, but very good results are, for example, - also achieved with heights down to about 100 mm and up to about 300 mm.
• Another essential condition for achieving high efficiency in the con ⁇ vection heater according to the invention is that the discs are firmly secured to the tubes 3a, 3b, in which the heat carrying water circulates, so as to provide good heat transfer between the tubes and the discs. This is suitably achieved in
• OMPI that a desired number of discs are threaded onto the tubes 3a, 3b and kept in contact with each other, the tubes then being expanded, e.g. mechanically, in a manner known per se. In doing so one does not only achieve good contact between the tubes and the discs, but also that the discs are secured relative to each other while forming the convection channels 28.
• Fig. 5 illustrates a further example of the flexibility of the convector system according to the invention, viz. how two convection heaters in simple manner can be combined for floor-mounting (in contrast to wall-mounting according to Fig. 3) using the same cover as earlier described.
• Two covers 1 (with the tube system 3 and disc package 2 suspended therein) are arranged with the backs facing each other, so that the planar attachment surfaces 17a of the attachment lists 17 contact each other.
• a floor support 3 comprises a hollow vertical holder body 31, which at the bottom is secured to a floor attachment plate 32 and at the top has a cover plate 33.
• the cavity formed in the body 31 is adapted to receive the attachment lists 17 of the two covers 1, with the surfaces 17a thereof contacting each other for stability of the joint.
• the attachment lists 17 are secured relative to each other and to the holder body 31 in suitable manner, e.g. by means of bolted joints (not shown).
• both convectors in Fig. 5 can be connected separately to feed water conduits, it is preferred to interconnect the two convectors, e.g. by means of the connections 5a, 5b, so that the connection to the feed water conduits is similar to that of a separate convector.
• the interconnection of the two convectors can be designed in analogy with that which will be described in connection with Fig. 6.
• Fig. 6 further illustrates the flexibility of the convector system according to the invention.
• two disc packages 2' and 2" are mounted side-by-side in a common cover 1, which can be identical with the cover used in the preceding embodiments.
• the convector shown in Fig. 6 is designed fully in analogy with the convector according to Figs. 2 and 3, which only has one disc package 2. The differences are that in this case dual upper conduits 3*a and 3"a and dual lower conduits 3'b and 3"b are utilized.
• the lower tubes 3'b and 3"b are interconnected via a tube bend 3d
• the lower tube 3'b is connected to the upper tube 3'a via a tube bend 3d
• the upper tube 3'a is connected to the upper tube 3"a via a tube bend 3e, to which also the thermostate 7 is connected.
• the "dual convector" according to Fig. 6 utilizes the same cover having the same through-openings for thermostate, attachment screw and de-airation valve or the like, and also the same guide slots (it should, however, be noted that Fig. 6 shows a somewhat modified location of these through-holes as an alternative). Also the dual convector according to Fig. 6 can thus be reversed for right hand or left hand mounting.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Geometry (AREA)
• Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
• Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
• Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (6)

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• 1981
  • 1981-10-30 SE SE8106427A patent/SE8106427L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1982
  • 1982-10-29 AT AT82903348T patent/ATE16046T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-10-29 WO PCT/SE1982/000358 patent/WO1983001678A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1982-10-29 JP JP82503317A patent/JPS58501837A/ja active Pending
  • 1982-10-29 DE DE8282903348T patent/DE3266862D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-10-29 EP EP82903348A patent/EP0093141B1/de not_active Expired

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