WO1981003047A1 - Roue de turbine radiale en ceramique - Google Patents

Roue de turbine radiale en ceramique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1981003047A1
WO1981003047A1 PCT/US1980/000419 US8000419W WO8103047A1 WO 1981003047 A1 WO1981003047 A1 WO 1981003047A1 US 8000419 W US8000419 W US 8000419W WO 8103047 A1 WO8103047 A1 WO 8103047A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turbine wheel
hub portion
wheel according
body portion
ceramic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1980/000419
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
W Long
P Rottenkolber
Original Assignee
Carborundum Co
Volkswagenwerk Ag
W Long
P Rottenkolber
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carborundum Co, Volkswagenwerk Ag, W Long, P Rottenkolber filed Critical Carborundum Co
Priority to PCT/US1980/000419 priority Critical patent/WO1981003047A1/fr
Priority to JP56500658A priority patent/JPS57500745A/ja
Priority to AT81900346T priority patent/ATE14036T1/de
Priority to EP81900346A priority patent/EP0050117B1/fr
Publication of WO1981003047A1 publication Critical patent/WO1981003047A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/284—Selection of ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/04—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines
    • F01D5/043—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors for radial-flow machines or engines of the axial inlet- radial outlet, or vice versa, type
    • F01D5/048—Form or construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ceramic turbine wheel, expecially a ceramic radial turbine wheel for an exhaust gas driven turbine of a turbocharger for motor vehicles, with a body which is formed in one piece with radial blades and a hub which is connectable to a usually metallic turbine shaft.
  • Ceramic materials such as silicon nitride or silicon carbide, have a nearly constant high strength in the range of temperature under consideration, and have a density which is only one-third of that of a metallic material.
  • the operating temperatures can be raised without danger, while the mass moment of inertia, due to the relative low density of the ceramic turbocharger rotor, can be reduced to about 40% of the moment of inertia of a metallic type rotor, and therefore, the time of response of the turbocharger correspondingly improves.
  • the object of this invention is therefore construction of a ceramic turbine wheel, which, although it has a sufficient high temperature strength, does not show the above described difficulties in production.
  • This invention accordingly, provides a ceramic turbine wheel, comprising: (a) a body portion, symmetrical about an axis;
  • a hub portion integral and coaxial with the body portion, symmetrical about the axis, and connectable with a turbine shaft; characterized in that the body portion is provided with a hollow central core, on the side of the body portion opposite the hub portion.
  • the portion of the turbine from which the blades extend outwardly will become more elastic, so that deformations of the blades can be taken up sooner without damage.
  • ceramic materials e.g. silicon nitride and silicon carbide
  • the design of the hub results in a further reduction of the mass moment of inertia, already lowered by the use of ceramic material.
  • the drawing shows schematically a presentation of a cross section, according to the invention, of a preferred embodiment of a ceramic radial turbine wheel for the turbocharger of a combustion engine for a motor vehicle, in which the hub portion is cylindrical.
  • the radial turbine wheel As a whole; by 2, the blades which extend outwardly, usually radially, from the body portion; and by 3 the body portion, which is formed in one piece with blades 2 and the hub portion 4.
  • the hub portion 4 is provided for connection with a usually metallic, some-times ceramic turbine shaft, which is not shown here.
  • the blades 2 are described as “radial”, i.e. not “axial”. In the turbocharger art, the two main types of blade arrangements are “radial” and “axial”. In the “radial” type, portions of the blades 2, near the hub portion 4, are located along radii of the body portion 3; and portions of the blades 2, further from the hub portion 4, are curved gently in the same direction.
  • the body portion 3 has on the side opposite to the hub portion 4 a hollow central core 5, whose outer diameter, designated with D 5 , should preferably not exceed 60% of the smallest outer diameter, designated with D 3min , of the body portion 3; and whose length, designated with L 5 , should preferably not exceed 60% of the axial blade length, designed by L.
  • L 5 extends only from the base of the hollow central core 5 to the extremity of the blades 2, and not to the extremity of the hollow central core 5.
  • at least 40% of the blade length L should extend from a non-hollow part of body portion 3. With such proportions, no noticible increases in tension appear in the body portion 3.
  • the hollow central core 5, rounded at its bottom could be placed even deeper, in consideration of expediency.
  • the minimum outer diameter, D 3min , of the body portion 3, be at the side of the body portion 3 opposite to the hub portion 4, and that the maximum outer diameter, D 3max , of the body portion 3, be at the side of the body portion 3 adjacent to the hub portion 4, of the turbine wheel 1.
  • the hub portion 4 preferably has a diameter D 4 of about 15 to 25%, more preferably 15 to 20%, of the outer diameter D of the wheel. According to one preference, the hub portion 4 has a length L 4 of, at most, twice its diameter D 4 . According to another preference, the hub portion 4 is integral with the shaft, not shown.
  • the shaft can be either a solid or hollow cylinder, made as an extension of hub portion 4, ranging from about 6 up to about 12 times the diameter D 4 of the hub portion 4.
  • the transition 7 from the hub portion 4 to the body portion 3 there should preferably be provided a radius of at least 20% of the diameter of the hub portion 4.
  • a radius of at least 20% of the diameter of the hub portion 4. By adherence to these rules of dimension for the production out of ceramic materials an optimally designed radial turbine wheel results, which offers favorable properties regarding to its strength as well as regarding to its production process.
  • the embodiment shown in the drawing has a cylindrical hub portion 4.
  • the basic diameter measured at about 60% of its length, measured from its end corresponds to the diameter D 4 of the cylindrical design.
  • the cone angle of this design can amount to between 20° and 30° inclusive, preferably about 25°.
  • this conical hub portion in consideration of expediency, can possess a hollow central core, whose diameter is at most 60% of the minimum diameter of the conical hub portion and whose axial length is at most 60% of the length of the hub portion.
  • the hollow central core is rounded at its bottom.
  • the transition from the conical hub portion to the body is rounded with a radius of at least 20% of the diameter of the hub portion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

Une roue de turbine en ceramique (1), en particulier une roue destinee a une turbine entrainee par des gaz d'echappement d'un turbo pour des vehicules a moteur, comprend un corps (3), des aubes (2) et un moyeu (4). Le corps ("4" a -3-), et eventuellement le moyeu ("3" a -4-), sont pourvus de noyaux centraux creux (5, 6).
PCT/US1980/000419 1980-04-17 1980-04-17 Roue de turbine radiale en ceramique WO1981003047A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1980/000419 WO1981003047A1 (fr) 1980-04-17 1980-04-17 Roue de turbine radiale en ceramique
JP56500658A JPS57500745A (fr) 1980-04-17 1980-04-17
AT81900346T ATE14036T1 (de) 1980-04-17 1980-04-17 Keramisches radiales turbinenrad.
EP81900346A EP0050117B1 (fr) 1980-04-17 1980-04-17 Roue de turbine radiale en ceramique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1980/000419 WO1981003047A1 (fr) 1980-04-17 1980-04-17 Roue de turbine radiale en ceramique
WOUS80/00419 1980-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1981003047A1 true WO1981003047A1 (fr) 1981-10-29

Family

ID=22154286

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1980/000419 WO1981003047A1 (fr) 1980-04-17 1980-04-17 Roue de turbine radiale en ceramique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0050117B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57500745A (fr)
AT (1) ATE14036T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1981003047A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0095540A2 (fr) * 1982-05-31 1983-12-07 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Rotor en céramique
EP0112146A2 (fr) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-27 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Rotor en céramique et procédé pour la fabrication
EP0117721A2 (fr) * 1983-02-24 1984-09-05 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor de turbine radiale en céramique
CN115749966A (zh) * 2022-10-24 2023-03-07 北京动力机械研究所 一种高速组合式向心陶瓷涡轮转子结构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09144550A (ja) * 1995-11-24 1997-06-03 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 過給機用タービン

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2297508A (en) * 1940-02-29 1942-09-29 Schutte Alfred Rotor for turbines
US2433589A (en) * 1939-05-25 1947-12-30 Nash Engineering Co Pump
GB604730A (en) * 1945-03-03 1948-07-08 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to rotors for turbo-machines
DE2022120A1 (de) * 1970-05-06 1971-11-18 Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag Laufrad fuer Zentripetalturbinen,insbesondere fuer Abgasturbinen
US3666302A (en) * 1969-11-28 1972-05-30 Cav Ltd Rotor assemblies
US3801226A (en) * 1970-08-28 1974-04-02 Goulds Pumps Pump impeller
US3881845A (en) * 1973-07-02 1975-05-06 Norton Co Ceramic turbine wheel
US3897171A (en) * 1974-06-25 1975-07-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ceramic turbine rotor disc and blade configuration
US4063850A (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-12-20 Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Munchen Gmbh Gas turbine engine having a ceramic turbine wheel
DE2728823A1 (de) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-11 Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag Gasturbine
US4175911A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-11-27 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Radial turbine wheel for a gas turbine
US4176519A (en) * 1973-05-22 1979-12-04 United Turbine Ab & Co., Kommanditbolag Gas turbine having a ceramic rotor

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1322240A (fr) * 1962-02-13 1963-03-29 Laval Steam Turbine Co Rotor de turbine centripète
US4011295A (en) * 1974-10-07 1977-03-08 The Garrett Corporation Ceramic rotor for gas turbine engine

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2433589A (en) * 1939-05-25 1947-12-30 Nash Engineering Co Pump
US2297508A (en) * 1940-02-29 1942-09-29 Schutte Alfred Rotor for turbines
GB604730A (en) * 1945-03-03 1948-07-08 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to rotors for turbo-machines
US3666302A (en) * 1969-11-28 1972-05-30 Cav Ltd Rotor assemblies
DE2022120A1 (de) * 1970-05-06 1971-11-18 Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag Laufrad fuer Zentripetalturbinen,insbesondere fuer Abgasturbinen
US3801226A (en) * 1970-08-28 1974-04-02 Goulds Pumps Pump impeller
US4176519A (en) * 1973-05-22 1979-12-04 United Turbine Ab & Co., Kommanditbolag Gas turbine having a ceramic rotor
US3881845A (en) * 1973-07-02 1975-05-06 Norton Co Ceramic turbine wheel
US3897171A (en) * 1974-06-25 1975-07-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ceramic turbine rotor disc and blade configuration
US4175911A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-11-27 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Radial turbine wheel for a gas turbine
US4063850A (en) * 1975-12-03 1977-12-20 Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Munchen Gmbh Gas turbine engine having a ceramic turbine wheel
DE2728823A1 (de) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-11 Kuehnle Kopp Kausch Ag Gasturbine

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0095540A2 (fr) * 1982-05-31 1983-12-07 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Rotor en céramique
EP0095540A3 (en) * 1982-05-31 1984-12-12 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. A ceramic rotor
EP0112146A2 (fr) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-27 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Rotor en céramique et procédé pour la fabrication
EP0112146A3 (en) * 1982-12-13 1984-12-05 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Radial blade type ceramic rotor and method of producing the same
EP0117721A2 (fr) * 1983-02-24 1984-09-05 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor de turbine radiale en céramique
EP0117721A3 (en) * 1983-02-24 1984-12-12 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Ceramic radial turbine rotor and method of producing the same
CN115749966A (zh) * 2022-10-24 2023-03-07 北京动力机械研究所 一种高速组合式向心陶瓷涡轮转子结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57500745A (fr) 1982-04-30
EP0050117B1 (fr) 1985-06-26
EP0050117A4 (fr) 1982-07-13
EP0050117A1 (fr) 1982-04-28
ATE14036T1 (de) 1985-07-15

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