WO1981002060A1 - Echangeur de chaleur de faible contrainte et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur de faible contrainte et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1981002060A1
WO1981002060A1 PCT/US1980/000027 US8000027W WO8102060A1 WO 1981002060 A1 WO1981002060 A1 WO 1981002060A1 US 8000027 W US8000027 W US 8000027W WO 8102060 A1 WO8102060 A1 WO 8102060A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
heat exchanger
support member
area
walls
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1980/000027
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
G Grim
A Goloff
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Tractor Co
G Grim
A Goloff
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Tractor Co, G Grim, A Goloff filed Critical Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority to GB8115030A priority Critical patent/GB2079437B/en
Priority to PCT/US1980/000027 priority patent/WO1981002060A1/fr
Publication of WO1981002060A1 publication Critical patent/WO1981002060A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a low stress heat exchanger module for use in devices such as gas turbines which use recuperators and a method for forming the same, and more particularly to a module formed from one or more single sheet, primary surface heat exchanger core units.
  • welds must not be located in regions of high stress, and this auto- 5 matically means that welds must not be placed so that they constitute the end of a prebuilt crack where the stress concentration is unpredictably high.
  • welds in prior heat exchange structures, it has not been possible to effectively place the welds
  • the present invention is directed to overcoming
  • a novel method is provided for making a junction within a
  • heat exchanger by wrapping a thin metallic member around a thicker metallic member so that the thin member extends off tangentially from the thick mem ⁇ ber. A weld is then placed away from the point where the thin member tangentially leaves the thick mem ⁇ ber.
  • a low stress single sheet primary surface heat ex ⁇ changer core unit which is formed from a single sheet of thin material pleated to any depth desired. Before pleating, the longitudinal edges of the thin sheet are provided with tabs which se ⁇ lectively close end sections of the completed core. These tabs are curled so that when the pleated sheet is compressed to form a pirated assembly, adjacent tabs overlap and may be welded together in a region of relatively low stress.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a section of single sheet of heat exchange material employed to form a heat exchange core for the heat exchanger of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a view in side elevation of the sheet of Figure 1 during the pleating thereof;
  • Figures 3a and 3b are diagrammatic illustrations of a side view of the narrow tabs of Figure 1;-
  • Figures 4a and 4b are diagrammatic illustrations of a side view of the wide tabs of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of a heat ex- changer core formed from the sheet of Figure 1;
  • Figures 6a and 6b are diagrammatic illustrations of side views of the heat exchanger core of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a single pleated section of the heat exchanger core of Figure 5 during the pleating thereof;
  • Figure 8 is a plan view of a single pleated section of Figure 5 after pleating is completed;
  • Figure 9 is a diagrammatic cross sectional view of the low stress heat exchange module of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of a section of a heat exchange core for the module of Figure 9.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a section of a single sheet 10 used to form a pleated core section for one embodi ⁇ ment of the heat exchanger module of the present invention.
  • the single sheet is a long rectangular strip of heat exchange material, for example a suit ⁇ able thin metal, such as heat resistant steel, and the width of the sheet indicated at 12, may be varied by the designer to fit the desired heat exchanger application.
  • the longitudinal edges of the sheet are cut to form a narrow tab 14 and a wider tab 16 which define the outer edges of alternating sections 18 and 20.
  • a sawtooth pattern is formed along the edges of the sheet 10 with the distance 24 between notches 26 approximately equal to the desired height of the pleated core.
  • the distance between the apexes 28 of the sawtooth edges and the notches 26 should be substantially equal to the height of the pleated core as indicated at 24 to eliminate fluid flow blockage in the completed core.
  • the narrow tabs 14 extend from the apex 28 on each side of a section 18 or 20 to the notch 26 on one end of the section, and the wide tabs 16 extend from the apex on each side of a section to the notch at the remaining end thereof.
  • the edges of each section are bounded by two opposed narrow tabs and two opposed wide tabs, and the narrow and wide tabs alternate along the edges of the sheet 10.
  • the pleated core section is formed in a manner depicted in Figure 2.
  • the sections 18 and 20 of the sheet of heat exchange material 10 are first embossed by means of conventional dies, shaped rollers or any other suitable embossing method.
  • the embossing serves to separate the subsequently formed pleats of the heat exchanger core section accurately and to provide channels which guide the fluid flow through the completed core. Since the sheet 10 will be pleated into a pleated section which forms part of the core of a heat ex ⁇ changer module, it is necessary to emboss the sheet so. that the pleats are spaced far enough apart to allow fluid flow between them. This is accomplished by embossing sections 18 and 20 in opposite direc ⁇ tions. For example, in Figure 1, the bosses 30 form ⁇ ing channels on section 18 may project upwardly, while the bosses 32 on section 20 project downwardly. This alternate arrangement is maintained throughout the length of the sheet 10.
  • the tabs 14 and 16 are bent in the manner illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, before the sheet is pleated.
  • the narrow tabs 14 are curled either up (Figure 3a) or down (Figure 3b) from the lines 22 to form an elongated arcuate segment extending along one half of either end of each section 18 and 20.
  • the arcurate segment formed by each tab 14 extends along about 90 degrees 5 of arc.
  • the wide tabs 16 are curled either up (Figure 4a) or down ( Figure 4b) from the lines 22 to form elongated circular segments extending along the remaining half of either side of each sec- ° tion 18 and 20. These wider tabs are curled to com ⁇ plete or nearly complete a full circle.
  • the sheet 10 is embossed and the tabs 14 and 16 are curled, the sheet is pleated by folding it along lines 34 between sections 18 and 20.
  • Pleat- 5 ing may be accomplished mechanically in a conventional manner, such as on machines utilizing dull-edged knife blades like those used for pleating filter paper in the manufacture of air cleaners and oil filters, but which have been modified to pleat thin ⁇ metal or heat exchange material rather than paper.
  • Figure 2 shows the sheet 10 pleated and compressed at the lower end to form a pleated core. The sec ⁇ tions 18 and 20 of the sheet are compressed together until the raised bosses which form the fluid guide 5 channels contact the next adjacent section of the sheet. Thus the height of such bosses accurately controls the spacing between adjacent sections when the sheet 10 is pleated and compressed.
  • the bosses may be of different depths, and it is possible to have both deep and. shallow bosses on the same sheet.
  • the sheet 10 is pleated to bring the surfaces of adjacent sections 18 and 20 together to form the walls of fluid passages 36 extending therebetween. Alternating crests formed along the lines 34 close the top of one passage and the bottom of the two next adjacent passages.
  • one half section at either end of each of the fluid passages 36 is closed and the remaining half section is open.
  • the apex 28 at the ends of each section 18 and 20 forms the dividing point be- tween the closed and open sections at the ends of each fluid passage.
  • the design of the heat exchanger core which is formed from the sheet 10 determines whether or not the same half section at either end of a passage 36 will be closed.
  • the desired half sections at either end of a passage 36 are closed by means of the tabs 14 and 16. These tabs are either curled up ( Figures 3a and 4a) or down ( Figures 3b and 4b) to achieve the desired closure of an end half section.
  • the wide tab 16 at the right end of the top section 18 might be curled upwardly (Figure 4a) , and then the adjacent narrow tab 14 on the middle section 20 would be curled upwardly (Fig ⁇ ure 3a) .
  • the wide tab 16 at the right end of the middle section 20 would be curled downwardly ( Figure 4b)
  • the narrow tab 14 on the right end of the bottom section 18 would be curled downwardly ( Figure 3b) .
  • the wide tab 16 is curled tightly around a wire insert 44 before the tabs are brought together.
  • the fluid passage walls formed by the sections 18 and 20 extend tan- gentially away from points 46 and 48 on the circum- ference of the wire insert 44.
  • the weld line 42 is located in a low stress area which is removed from the points 46 and 48, and in operation, the thin metal sections 18 and 20 may flex around the wire insert 44 rather than at the welded joint 42.
  • a heat exchanger module 50 constructed in accor ⁇ dance with the present invention may be formed by stacking two or more pleated core assemblies 52 and 54 within a housing 56 as shown in Figure 9.
  • the upper pleated assembly 52 is placed over the lower pleated assembly 54 with a spacer 58 between them.
  • the spacer may be a mesh or perforated strip or, in some instances, a separator plate or gasket which extends between the pleated assemblies.
  • gaskets 60 and 62 seal the open sides of the pass ⁇ ages 36 which are not closed by the folds made along lines 34 during pleating.
  • Hot and cold fluid manifolds are formed within the module 50 by welding triangular sheets 64 and 66 to the apexes 28 of the core assemblies 52 and 54. These sheets are similar in construction and consequently only one sheet 64.shown in Figure 10 will be described in detail.
  • the triangular sheets 64 and 66 are formed from a metallic material which is normally somewhat thicker than the material forming the cores 52 and 54, and since a considerable amount of pressure differential may exist across each sheet, it is desirable to rein ⁇ force the sheet with guide ' anes 68 and 70 formed on either side thereof.
  • These guide vanes can be spot welded in place onto the triangular sheets and provide the dual function of reinforcement and fluid flow guidance.
  • Tabs 72 and 74 extend from the outermost edges of each triangular sheet 64 and 66, and the outer corner 76 of each tab should fall even with the line 78 when the tab is folded.
  • the line 78 extends through the points where the angled ends of the cores 52 and 54 meet the fold lines 34.
  • the tabs 72 and 74 are folded along the lines 80 and 82 and extend over edge bars 84 .
  • the edge bars are radiused at 86 in order to reduce the bend ⁇ ing stresses in the sheets 64 and 66 as they roll and unroll slightly due to lateral deflections which may be caused by either mechanical or thermal load ⁇ ing.
  • the tabs 72 and 74 are welded to the edge bars 84 along a line 88 which is removed from the points 90 where the sheets 64 and 66 tangentially leave the edge bars. Thus the sheets flex around the edge bars and not the weld.
  • the heat exchanger module 50 ay be effectively employed as a recuperator for a " gas turbine engine or for other heat exchange applications.
  • the inlet manifold 92 is connected to a source of cool fluid to be heated while the inlet manifold 98 is connected to a source of heated fluid.
  • the inlet manifold 98 would be connected to receive hot exhaust gases from the engine while the inlet manifold 92 would be connected to receive compressor discharge air from the engine.
  • the cooler discharge air passes through the pleated core assemblies 52 and 54 with the counter flowing hot exhaust gas, the air is heated by the heat transfer provided by the resultant heat exchange.
  • junctions within the heat exchange module are formed in accordance with the novel method of this invention wherein thin metal members are wrapped around wires or radiused spacer bars so that the metal members come off tangentially.
  • the welds are placed in areas of low stress so that operational pressure dif erentials or stresses re ⁇ sult in rolling of the metal members relative to the relatively rigid forms about which they are wrapped, and minimum stress occurs at the weld.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Un echangeur de chaleur de faible contrainte (50) et son procede de fabrication, consistant a assembler des elements d'echange de chaleur fins (18, 20, 64, 66) sur des supports plus epais (44, 84) en forcant les elements fins (18, 20, 64, 66) a s'etendre tangentiellement a partir d'une surface ayant un rayon de courbure (84) du support (44, 84). Les elements fins (18, 20, 64, 66) sont alors fixes sur le support (44, 84) dans une zone (42, 88) eloignee de la zone (46, 48) ou les elements fins (18, 20, 64, 66) s'etendent tangentiellement a partir du support (44, 84). L'echangeur de chaleur (50) comprend des oreilles de fermeture (14, 16) qui comblent un espace aux extremites de passages (36) du fluide definis par des organes de parois espacees (18, 20).
PCT/US1980/000027 1980-01-14 1980-01-14 Echangeur de chaleur de faible contrainte et son procede de fabrication WO1981002060A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8115030A GB2079437B (en) 1980-01-14 1980-01-14 Low stress heat exchanger and method of making the same
PCT/US1980/000027 WO1981002060A1 (fr) 1980-01-14 1980-01-14 Echangeur de chaleur de faible contrainte et son procede de fabrication

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOUS80/00027 1980-01-14
PCT/US1980/000027 WO1981002060A1 (fr) 1980-01-14 1980-01-14 Echangeur de chaleur de faible contrainte et son procede de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1981002060A1 true WO1981002060A1 (fr) 1981-07-23

Family

ID=22154150

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1980/000027 WO1981002060A1 (fr) 1980-01-14 1980-01-14 Echangeur de chaleur de faible contrainte et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2079437B (fr)
WO (1) WO1981002060A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2519750A1 (fr) * 1982-01-08 1983-07-18 Nibart Jean Clair Procede et dispositif constructif concernant un echangeur thermique a courants paralleles et specifiquement adapte au rechauffage de l'air neuf, injecte dans un batiment, a partir de l'air vicie de toute provenance qui en est extrait
FR2559249A1 (fr) * 1984-02-06 1985-08-09 Hamon Feuille thermoformee pour echangeur de chaleur gaz/gaz a plaques et echangeur en resultant
EP0208042A1 (fr) * 1985-07-10 1987-01-14 Hamon-Industries Feuille thermoformée pour échangeur de chaleur gaz/gaz à plaques et échangeur en résultant
WO1995009338A1 (fr) * 1993-09-27 1995-04-06 Eberhard Paul Echangeur de chaleur a canaux
US5458187A (en) * 1993-12-01 1995-10-17 Honeywell Inc. Dual core air-to-air heat exchanger
US5660228A (en) * 1995-12-12 1997-08-26 Altech Energy Modular air-to-air heat exchanger
EP0866299A1 (fr) * 1995-07-28 1998-09-23 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Echangeur de chaleur
US5927097A (en) * 1995-02-20 1999-07-27 F F Seeley Nominees Pty Ltd Evaporative cooler with improved contra flow heat exchanger
US6102111A (en) * 1996-10-17 2000-08-15 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchanger
US20210262743A1 (en) * 2018-09-10 2021-08-26 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with enhanced end sheet heat transfer
US20220049904A1 (en) * 2020-08-13 2022-02-17 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0055711B1 (fr) * 1980-07-07 1985-10-09 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Echangeur de chaleur a profil bas et son procede de fabrication
DK200600137A (da) * 2005-12-21 2007-06-22 Petersen Peder Vejsig Varmeveksler i tynde profilerede plader

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE416331C (de) * 1924-04-09 1925-07-14 C Ad Hubert Fa Waermeaustauschvorrichtung
US2321110A (en) * 1936-08-25 1943-06-08 Servel Inc Heat exchanger
US2912749A (en) * 1956-01-13 1959-11-17 Modine Mfg Co Method of making a heat exchanger
GB901914A (en) * 1959-12-02 1962-07-25 Nat Res Dev Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers
US3893509A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-07-08 Garrett Corp Lap joint tube plate heat exchanger

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE416331C (de) * 1924-04-09 1925-07-14 C Ad Hubert Fa Waermeaustauschvorrichtung
US2321110A (en) * 1936-08-25 1943-06-08 Servel Inc Heat exchanger
US2912749A (en) * 1956-01-13 1959-11-17 Modine Mfg Co Method of making a heat exchanger
GB901914A (en) * 1959-12-02 1962-07-25 Nat Res Dev Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers
US3893509A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-07-08 Garrett Corp Lap joint tube plate heat exchanger

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2519750A1 (fr) * 1982-01-08 1983-07-18 Nibart Jean Clair Procede et dispositif constructif concernant un echangeur thermique a courants paralleles et specifiquement adapte au rechauffage de l'air neuf, injecte dans un batiment, a partir de l'air vicie de toute provenance qui en est extrait
FR2559249A1 (fr) * 1984-02-06 1985-08-09 Hamon Feuille thermoformee pour echangeur de chaleur gaz/gaz a plaques et echangeur en resultant
EP0208042A1 (fr) * 1985-07-10 1987-01-14 Hamon-Industries Feuille thermoformée pour échangeur de chaleur gaz/gaz à plaques et échangeur en résultant
WO1995009338A1 (fr) * 1993-09-27 1995-04-06 Eberhard Paul Echangeur de chaleur a canaux
US5458187A (en) * 1993-12-01 1995-10-17 Honeywell Inc. Dual core air-to-air heat exchanger
US5927097A (en) * 1995-02-20 1999-07-27 F F Seeley Nominees Pty Ltd Evaporative cooler with improved contra flow heat exchanger
EP0866299A1 (fr) * 1995-07-28 1998-09-23 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Echangeur de chaleur
EP0866299A4 (fr) * 1995-07-28 1999-12-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd Echangeur de chaleur
US6155338A (en) * 1995-07-28 2000-12-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchanger
US5660228A (en) * 1995-12-12 1997-08-26 Altech Energy Modular air-to-air heat exchanger
US6102111A (en) * 1996-10-17 2000-08-15 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchanger
US20210262743A1 (en) * 2018-09-10 2021-08-26 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with enhanced end sheet heat transfer
US11656038B2 (en) * 2018-09-10 2023-05-23 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger with enhanced end sheet heat transfer
US20220049904A1 (en) * 2020-08-13 2022-02-17 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine
US11662150B2 (en) * 2020-08-13 2023-05-30 General Electric Company Heat exchanger having curved fluid passages for a gas turbine engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2079437A (en) 1982-01-20
GB2079437B (en) 1983-05-18

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